CN113356145A

CN113356145A - Pier buffer stop

Info

Publication number: CN113356145A
Application number: CN202110733525.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙二豹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2021-09-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a pier collision avoidance device, which effectively solves the problems that the buffer device has poor stress adaptability, the upper limit of the buffer force is small, and larger residual impact force transversely acts on a pier; the technical scheme includes that the device comprises an upper buffering unit and a lower buffering unit, the upper buffering unit absorbs energy through an elastic piece and is used for buffering impact with small impact force, the lower buffering unit is arranged below the water surface and comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, an upper gear, a lower gear, an upper circular plate and a lower circular plate are mounted outside the inner sleeve, the two circular plates are in threaded connection with the inner sleeve, gaps are formed between the two circular plates and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the upper circular plate rotates synchronously with the upper gear, the lower circular plate rotates synchronously with the lower gear, each gear is meshed with a rack, and when the impact is strong, the racks push the gears to rotate, and the two circular plates axially move to drain water to form buffering resistance; the invention has strong adaptability to the impact force, large upper limit of the buffer force and no transverse reaction force on the bridge pier.

Description

Pier buffer stop

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bridge protection, in particular to a pier collision prevention device.

Background

The bridge pier is a supporting point of a bridge main body, and when a ship passes under the bridge, the ship can collide. The pier is scratched, so that collision avoidance facilities are arranged on the pier to protect the pier and the ship; at present, the anti-collision facilities generally mount elastic energy-absorbing parts at the periphery of a pier to absorb energy and buffer impact, and the anti-collision equipment has the following defects:

firstly, the elastic modulus of the elastic part is fixed, the deformation is small when the impact force is small, the buffering effect is not obvious, and when the impact force is too large, the buffering force of the elastic part is fatigue and soft, so that the impact adaptability of the buffering equipment is poor;

secondly, the upper limit of the buffering force of the elastic part is effective, and the elastic part cannot provide enough buffering braking force for the impact of a large ship;

thirdly, the action point of the elastic element is positioned on the pier, and the radial action of the elastic reaction force and the surface of the pier are subjected to energy absorption to a certain degree, but the elastic element still has a large amount of impact force to the huge impact force of the large ship and acts on the pier transversely, so that the vibration, the displacement and even the fracture accidents of the pier are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems that the buffer equipment has poor stress adaptability and small upper limit of buffer force, and large residual impact force transversely acts on the pier, the invention provides the pier collision prevention device.

The technical scheme includes that the device comprises an upper buffering unit and a lower buffering unit, the upper buffering unit comprises a rectangular frame sleeved on the periphery of a pier, the length direction of the rectangular frame is the same as the ship course, an annular sleeve is fixed on the pier, the annular sleeve and two long sides of the rectangular frame are fixedly connected through a connecting rod, a fracture groove is formed in the connecting rod and is fractured when the rectangular frame is overloaded, arc-shaped plates are arranged on the outer sides of the four sides of the rectangular frame, a guide rod is arranged between each arc-shaped plate and the corresponding side edge of the rectangular frame, one end of each guide rod vertically penetrates through the side edge of the rectangular frame, the other end of each guide rod is hinged with the corresponding arc-shaped plate, the guide rods can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the arc-shaped plates, and springs are sleeved on the guide rods; the lower buffer unit is arranged below the water surface and comprises an outer sleeve coaxial with the pier and an inner sleeve fixed on the pier, an upper gear, a lower gear, an upper circular plate located above the upper gear and a lower circular plate located below the lower gear are installed outside the inner sleeve, the upper circular plate and the lower circular plate are in threaded connection with the inner sleeve, gaps are formed between the upper circular plate and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the upper circular plate rotates synchronously with the upper gear, the lower circular plate rotates synchronously with the lower gear, a first rack is meshed on the right side of the upper gear, a second rack is meshed on the left side of the lower gear, the first rack and the second rack are arranged on the side wall of the outer sleeve in a sliding mode, and the two ends of the two racks are fixedly connected with the same end of the rectangular frame through a vertical plate.

Each guide rod is provided with a plurality of springs, the elastic modulus of the springs is different, and the larger the elastic modulus, the shorter the spring length.

The upper surface of going up the gear fixed with the last slide bar up of a plurality of circumference equipartitions, the plectane all passes in the upper end of a plurality of last slide bars, the lower fixed surface of lower gear have a plurality of circumference equipartitions lower slide bar down, the plectane all passes down to the lower extreme of lower slide bar, go up the gear and drive the plectane synchronous rotation through last slide bar, the plectane synchronous rotation is down driven through lower slide bar to the gear.

And a plurality of vertical force-unloading rollers are arranged on the outer side of each arc-shaped plate.

The inner wall of the outer sleeve is a multi-section conical inner wall, and in the initial position, the upper circular plate and the lower circular plate are both positioned at the maximum inner diameter of the outer sleeve.

The arc-shaped plate and the force-unloading roller are made of rubber materials.

The invention has strong adaptability to the impact force, large upper limit of the buffer force and no transverse reaction force on the bridge pier.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1 at location a.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a left side view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the position B in fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the position C in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings of which figures 1-7 illustrate specific embodiments.

The ship-mounted device comprises an upper buffering unit and a lower buffering unit, wherein the upper buffering unit comprises a rectangular frame 1 sleeved on the periphery of a pier, the length direction of the rectangular frame 1 is the same as the ship course, an annular sleeve 2 is fixed on the pier, the annular sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with two long sides of the rectangular frame 1 through a connecting rod 3, a fracture groove 4 is formed in the connecting rod 3, the fracture groove 4 is fractured during overload, arc-shaped plates 5 are arranged on the outer sides of four sides of the rectangular frame 1, a guide rod 6 is arranged between each arc-shaped plate 5 and the corresponding side edge of the rectangular frame 1, one end of each guide rod 6 vertically penetrates through the side edge of the rectangular frame 1, the other end of each guide rod 6 is hinged with the corresponding arc-shaped plate 5, the guide rods 6 can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the arc-shaped plates 5, and springs 7 are sleeved on the guide rods 6; the lower buffer unit is arranged below the water surface and comprises an outer sleeve 8 coaxial with the pier and an inner sleeve 9 fixed on the pier, an upper gear 10, a lower gear 11, an upper circular plate 12 positioned above the upper gear 10 and a lower circular plate 13 positioned below the lower gear 11 are arranged outside the inner sleeve 9, the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 are both in threaded connection with the inner sleeve 9, and gaps are arranged among the upper circular plate 12, the lower circular plate 13 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 8, the upper circular plate 12 rotates synchronously with the upper gear 10, the lower circular plate 13 rotates synchronously with the lower gear 11, the right side of the upper gear 10 is meshed with a first rack 14, the left side of the lower gear 11 is meshed with a second rack 15, the first rack 14 and the second rack 15 are arranged on the side wall of the outer sleeve 8 in a sliding and penetrating mode, and the two ends of the two racks are fixedly connected with the same end of the rectangular frame 1 through a vertical plate 16.

A plurality of springs 7 are mounted on each guide rod 6, the elastic modulus of the springs 7 is different, and the length of the spring 7 with the larger elastic modulus is shorter; the closer the arc plate 5 is to the rectangular frame 1, the greater the number of springs 7 compressed, and the greater the reaction force.

Last gear 10's upper surface fixed with the last slide bar 17 of the up of a plurality of circumference equipartitions, the plectane 12 is all passed to the upper end of a plurality of last slide bars 17, lower gear 11's lower surface fixed with the lower slide bar 18 of a plurality of circumference equipartitions down, the plectane 13 is all passed to the lower extreme of lower slide bar 18, goes up gear 10 and drives plectane 12 synchronous rotation through last slide bar 17, plectane 13 synchronous rotation under lower gear 11 drives through slide bar 18 down.

A plurality of vertical force-discharging rollers 19 are mounted on the outer side of each arc-shaped plate 5, and when a ship collides against the arc-shaped plates 5, the force-discharging rollers 19 rotate to have the force-discharging and guiding effects, so that the forward collision of the ship to a pier is avoided as much as possible.

The inner wall of the outer sleeve 8 is a multi-section conical inner wall, when in an initial position, the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 are both positioned at the maximum inner diameter position of the outer sleeve 8, and no matter the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 move upwards or downwards from the initial position, the gap between the circular plates and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 8 is gradually reduced.

The arc-shaped plate 5 and the force-unloading roller 19 are made of rubber materials, so that the energy-absorbing roller can deform and absorb energy, has stable property and good strength and toughness, and is not easy to corrode or break.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when a ship passes under a bridge along the course and accidentally collides against a pier, a ship body firstly collides against the force unloading rollers 19 on the arc plates 5 at the front end and the rear end of the rectangle, the force unloading rollers 19 rotate to guide the bow of the ship to one side, the forward collision of the ship to the pier is avoided as much as possible, meanwhile, the collided arc plates 5 move towards the rectangular frame 1, the springs 7 inside the arc plates 5 are compressed to buffer the collision force, the larger the moving distance of the arc plates 5 is, the more the compressed springs 7 are, and therefore the buffer force is increased in a jumping manner for a plurality of times according to the collision force, so that softer buffer transition is provided at the initial stage of collision, and larger buffer reaction force is provided at the final stage of collision to effectively brake the ship; meanwhile, one end of the guide rod 6 is hinged with the arc-shaped plate 5, so that when the arc-shaped plate 5 is impacted, the guide rod 6 can move towards the rectangular frame 1 and can deflect to a certain degree according to the impact angle, and the guide rod 6 is prevented from being clamped due to oblique impact; if the impact force is small, the ship can be braked or guided to run over by the upper buffer unit; if a ship scratches and rubs piers from the left side or the right side of the pier, the arc plates 5 on the left side and the right side move towards the rectangular frame 1 to buffer the scratches and rubs, and the impact force during scratching is generally small, so that the buffering capacity of the upper buffering unit is enough to buffer.

If a ship collides against a pier from the front end and the rear end, and the tonnage of the ship is large or the speed of the ship is high, the impact force is large, after the upper buffer unit reaches the buffer limit, the impact force exceeds the bearing limit of the connecting rod 3, so that the connecting rod 3 is broken from the breaking groove 4, the rectangular frame 1 is separated from the annular sleeve 2, the ship continues to move towards the pier, the rectangular frame 1 is pushed to move back and forth, the rectangular frame 1 pushes the first rack 14 and the second rack 15 to move through the connecting plate, the first rack 14 and the second rack 15 push the upper gear 10 and the lower gear 11 to rotate, the upper gear 10 and the lower gear 11 drive the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 to synchronously rotate through a plurality of sliding rods, when the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 rotate, the upper circular plate 12 and the lower circular plate 13 axially move towards each other or away from each other under the action of the screw threads, when the two circular plates move towards each other, water between the two circular plates is compressed and is discharged from a gap between the outer sleeve and the inner wall 8, because the gap is smaller, resistance can be received when water is discharged, the resistance provides buffering brake force for the ship, and similarly, when the ship impacts the rectangular frame 1 from the other end, the two circular plates move back and forth, negative pressure is formed between the two circular plates, external water can enter between the two circular plates through the gap, and the water also receives resistance when entering, so that the pressure difference between the negative pressure between the two circular plates and the external water pressure provides buffering brake force for the ship, and along with the axial movement of the circular plates, the gap between the circular plates and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 8 is smaller and smaller, the larger the buffering resistance is provided, and finally the ship is completely braked.

After the lower buffer unit is operated, the rectangular frame 1 needs to be reset and replaced with a new connecting rod 3.

The invention has the following technical effects:

for impact with small force, the upper buffer unit can provide multi-section buffer force, soft buffer transition is provided at the initial stage of the impact, harder and larger buffer reaction force is provided at the tail stage of the impact to effectively brake the ship, the buffer braking process of the ship is more reasonable, and the ship can effectively buffer large and small impacts.

For the impact with high force, the lower buffer unit acts, buffer braking is carried out through the reaction force of the water pressure, the reaction force of the water pressure is gradually increased through the gradual reduction of the gap, the buffer process is smoother, a very large upper limit of the buffer force can be provided, and the large impact is effectively braked.

When the lower buffer unit acts, the impact force of the ship is finally buffered and braked by the axial resistance between the two circular plates instead of the radial reaction force provided by the pier, so that the transverse pushing and the impact on the pier can be avoided, and the pier can not be damaged by shaking, shifting, breaking and the like when being subjected to large impact force.

Claims

1. An anti-collision device for a pier is characterized by comprising an upper buffering unit and a lower buffering unit, wherein the upper buffering unit comprises a rectangular frame (1) sleeved on the periphery of the pier, the length direction of the rectangular frame (1) is the same as the course of a ship, an annular sleeve (2) is fixed on the pier, the annular sleeve (2) is fixedly connected with two long sides of the rectangular frame (1) through a connecting rod (3), a fracture groove (4) is formed in the connecting rod (3), the fracture groove (4) is fractured during overload, an arc-shaped plate (5) is arranged on the outer sides of four sides of the rectangular frame (1), a guide rod (6) is arranged between the arc-shaped plate (5) and the corresponding side edge of the rectangular frame (1), one end of the guide rod (6) vertically penetrates through the side edge of the rectangular frame (1), the other end of the guide rod is hinged with the arc-shaped plate (5), and the guide rod (6) can rotate relative to the arc-shaped plate (5), a spring (7) is sleeved on the guide rod (6); the lower buffer unit is arranged below the water surface and comprises an outer sleeve (8) coaxial with the pier and an inner sleeve (9) fixed on the pier, an upper gear (10), a lower gear (11), an upper circular plate (12) positioned above the upper gear (10) and a lower circular plate (13) positioned below the lower gear (11) are arranged outside the inner sleeve (9), the upper circular plate (12) and the lower circular plate (13) are in threaded connection with the inner sleeve (9), gaps are formed among the upper circular plate (12), the lower circular plate (13) and the inner wall of the outer sleeve (8), the upper circular plate (12) rotates synchronously with the upper gear (10), the lower circular plate (13) rotates synchronously with the lower gear (11), a first rack (14) is meshed on the right side of the upper gear (10), a second rack (15) is meshed on the left side of the lower gear (11), and the first rack (14) and the second rack (15) are both slidably arranged on the side wall of the outer sleeve (8), the two ends of the two racks are fixedly connected with the same end of the rectangular frame (1) through a vertical plate (16).

2. The pier collision avoidance device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of springs (7) are installed on each of the guide bars (6), and the plurality of springs (7) have different elastic moduli, and the length of the spring (7) is shorter as the elastic modulus is larger.

3. The anti-collision device for the bridge pier as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of upward upper sliding rods (17) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper gear (10), the upper ends of the upper sliding rods (17) penetrate through an upper circular plate (12), a plurality of downward lower sliding rods (18) are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the lower gear (11), the lower ends of the lower sliding rods (18) penetrate through a lower circular plate (13), the upper gear (10) drives the upper circular plate (12) to synchronously rotate through the upper sliding rods (17), and the lower gear (11) drives the lower circular plate (13) to synchronously rotate through the lower sliding rods (18).

4. An anti-collision device for piers according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of vertical force-unloading rollers (19) are installed at the outer side of each arc-shaped plate (5).

5. An abutment collision preventing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the outer sleeve (8) is a multi-sectional tapered inner wall, and the upper circular plate (12) and the lower circular plate (13) are located at the maximum inner diameter of the outer sleeve (8) in the initial position.

6. The anti-collision device for piers according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped plate (5) and the force-unloading roller (19) are made of rubber.