CN113355614A - 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method - Google Patents
7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113355614A CN113355614A CN202110612200.2A CN202110612200A CN113355614A CN 113355614 A CN113355614 A CN 113355614A CN 202110612200 A CN202110612200 A CN 202110612200A CN 113355614 A CN113355614 A CN 113355614A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, and particularly relates to a 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method, which comprises the following steps: putting a 7075 aluminum alloy plate into a high-temperature furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is set to 475, and the solution time is 30 min; step two: taking out the aluminum alloy plate in the furnace, putting the aluminum alloy plate into a pre-cooling device, quickly transferring the hot plate material to a self-developed air injection device for pre-cooling, and controlling the pre-cooling rate by adjusting the gas flow; step three: the flow of compressed gas flowing out of the air compressor is controlled by adjusting the gas throttle valve, precooling treatment with different cooling speeds is carried out on the plate material placed between the ejection devices, and the gas injection precooling cooling device used in the experiment is a self-developed gas cooling device; the structure is reasonable, the temperature of the solid solution aluminum alloy is effectively controlled to be reduced stably, the solid solution aluminum alloy can be formed at the optimal temperature, the hardening index of a formed part is ensured, the formed part has the minimum thinning rate, and the deformation homogenization capability is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to a 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method.
Background
In response to the ever-increasing energy crisis, lightweight materials and advanced manufacturing techniques have become a trend in the manufacturing industry. In view of the high specific strength of 7000 series aluminum alloys, there is an increasing demand in the automotive and aerospace industries. The 7000 series aluminum alloy takes magnesium and zinc as main alloy elements, and the strength of the 7000 series aluminum alloy is remarkably improved after aging strengthening treatment. However, 7000 series aluminum alloys have poor room temperature plasticity, and parts formed in complex shapes are very prone to cracking, which greatly limits their wide application. Researchers have solved this problem by high temperature forming, and as the forming temperature increases, the deformation resistance decreases and the spring back phenomenon decreases. However, the strength of the parts after high-temperature forming is reduced, and thermal deformation is easily caused in the subsequent heat treatment.
The aluminum alloy hot stamping process comprises the steps of firstly carrying out high-temperature solution treatment on an aluminum alloy plate, then quickly moving the plate to a low-temperature die for forming and quenching, and finally strengthening the strength of a part through artificial aging. The technology realizes the synchronization of forming and heat treatment, improves the forming performance of the material through high-temperature forming, solves the problem of heat treatment deformation through in-mold quenching, can form parts with complex shapes at one time, and is a new technology for processing aluminum alloy plates. However, when the alloy is formed at a temperature close to the solid solution temperature, although the material has good plasticity, the strain hardening exponent n is low, which is not favorable for deformation homogenization, and when a part with a complex shape is formed, local thinning is serious, and even cracking is possible. On the premise of meeting the plasticity of the material, the n value can be improved by properly reducing the forming temperature, and the uniform hardening capacity after deformation is improved. The lower forming temperature can reduce the complexity of a mold cooling system, reduce the pressure maintaining quenching time and prolong the service life of the mold. Based on this, we propose a new pre-cooling hot stamping process.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is provided in view of the problems in the existing aluminum alloy precooling forming method.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method, which can reduce the pressure-maintaining quenching time, prolong the service life of a die and increase the uniform hardening capacity of the aluminum alloy after deformation.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting a 7075 aluminum alloy plate into a high-temperature furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is set to 475, and the solution time is 30 min;
step two: taking out the aluminum alloy plate in the furnace, putting the aluminum alloy plate into a pre-cooling device, quickly transferring the hot plate material to a self-developed air injection device for pre-cooling, and controlling the pre-cooling rate by adjusting the gas flow;
step three: the flow of compressed gas flowing out of the air compressor is controlled by adjusting the gas throttle valve, and precooling treatment with different cooling speeds is carried out on the plate material placed between the ejection devices;
step four: putting the aluminum alloy cooled to 300 ℃ into a stamping die to form a U-shaped part;
step five: the formed aluminum alloy is subjected to a high-temperature tensile test, and the high-temperature tensile test result shows that the 7075 aluminum alloy has a higher n value and a lower flow stress at the temperature of 300 ℃, and the formed part has the minimum thinning rate and better deformation homogenization capability. Measuring the strength and the thickness of the U-shaped part;
step six: naturally aging the formed aluminum alloy for 2h, and then placing the aluminum alloy into an aging furnace for aging treatment of T6(120 ℃/24 h); the performance of the formed part is further improved; the hardness and strength of the precooled aluminum alloy can reach 95% of those of the T6 aluminum alloy, so that the precooled aluminum alloy has potential to be applied to practical production.
As a preferable scheme of the 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method, the method comprises the following steps: in order to ensure that the aluminum alloy can be completely dissolved in the solution, a thermocouple is placed in the aluminum alloy to measure the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate.
As a preferable scheme of the 7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method, the method comprises the following steps: the air compressor for the experiment is an industrial-grade large 380V three-phase alternating-current high-pressure air pump, the model is DFW-1.0/12.5, the power is 7.5kw, and the air displacement is 1.0m 3/min; the surface of the ejecting device is distributed with uniform and symmetrical nozzles, so that high-speed gas in the gas inlet pipe is divided into a plurality of small gas flows with equal flow velocity, high-temperature plates can be uniformly cooled during precooling, and the performance change of the 7075 aluminum alloy caused by uneven cooling is avoided as much as possible; the gas flow passing division value of the precooling device is 1m3The range is 5-25 m3Measured by a flow meter of/h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention effectively realizes the stable control of the temperature of the solid solution aluminum alloy, ensures that the solid solution aluminum alloy can be formed at the optimal temperature, ensures the hardening index of the formed part, ensures the minimum thinning rate of the formed part, has better deformation homogenization capability, reduces the pressure maintaining quenching time and prolongs the service life of the die.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting a 7075 aluminum alloy plate into a high-temperature furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is set to 475, and the solution time is 30 min;
step two: taking out the aluminum alloy plate in the furnace, putting the aluminum alloy plate into a pre-cooling device, quickly transferring the hot plate material to a self-developed air injection device for pre-cooling, and controlling the pre-cooling rate by adjusting the gas flow;
step three: the flow of compressed gas flowing out of the air compressor is controlled by adjusting the gas throttle valve, and precooling treatment with different cooling speeds is carried out on the plate material placed between the ejection devices;
step four: putting the aluminum alloy cooled to 300 ℃ into a stamping die to form a U-shaped part;
step five: the formed aluminum alloy is subjected to a high-temperature tensile test, and the high-temperature tensile test result shows that the 7075 aluminum alloy has a higher n value and a lower flow stress at the temperature of 300 ℃, and the formed part has the minimum thinning rate and better deformation homogenization capability. Measuring the strength and the thickness of the U-shaped part;
step six: naturally aging the formed aluminum alloy for 2h, and then placing the aluminum alloy into an aging furnace for aging treatment of T6(120 ℃/24 h); the performance of the formed part is further improved; the hardness and strength of the precooled aluminum alloy can reach 95% of those of the T6 aluminum alloy, so that the precooled aluminum alloy has potential to be applied to practical production.
Specifically, in order to ensure that the aluminum alloy can be completely dissolved in the solution, a thermocouple is placed in the aluminum alloy to measure the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate.
Specifically, the air compressor for the experiment is an industrial-grade large 380V three-phase alternating current high-pressure air pump, the model is DFW-1.0/12.5, the power is 7.5kw, and the air displacement is 1.0m 3/min; the surface of the ejecting device is distributed with uniform and symmetrical nozzles, so that high-speed gas in the gas inlet pipe is divided into a plurality of small gas flows with equal flow velocity, high-temperature plates can be uniformly cooled during precooling, and the performance change of the 7075 aluminum alloy caused by uneven cooling is avoided as much as possible; the gas flow passing division value of the precooling device is 1m3The range is 5-25 m3Measured by a flow meter of/h.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A7075 aluminum alloy precooling forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting a 7075 aluminum alloy plate into a high-temperature furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is set to 475, and the solution time is 30 min;
step two: taking out the aluminum alloy plate in the furnace, putting the aluminum alloy plate into a pre-cooling device, quickly transferring the hot plate material to a self-developed air injection device for pre-cooling, and controlling the pre-cooling rate by adjusting the gas flow;
step three: the flow of compressed gas flowing out of the air compressor is controlled by adjusting the gas throttle valve, and precooling treatment with different cooling speeds is carried out on the plate material placed between the ejection devices;
step four: putting the aluminum alloy cooled to 300 ℃ into a stamping die to form a U-shaped part;
step five: the formed aluminum alloy is subjected to a high-temperature tensile test, and the high-temperature tensile test result shows that the 7075 aluminum alloy has a higher n value and a lower flow stress at the temperature of 300 ℃, and the formed part has the minimum thinning rate and better deformation homogenization capability. Measuring the strength and the thickness of the U-shaped part;
step six: naturally aging the formed aluminum alloy for 2h, and then placing the aluminum alloy into an aging furnace for aging treatment of T6(120 ℃/24 h); the performance of the formed part is further improved; the hardness and strength of the precooled aluminum alloy can reach 95% of those of the T6 aluminum alloy, so that the precooled aluminum alloy has potential to be applied to practical production.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in order to ensure that the aluminum alloy can be completely dissolved in the solution, a thermocouple is placed in the aluminum alloy to measure the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the air compressor for the experiment is an industrial-grade large 380V three-phase alternating-current high-pressure air pump, the model is DFW-1.0/12.5, the power is 7.5kw, and the air displacement is 1.0m 3/min; the uniform and symmetrical nozzles are distributed on the surface of the ejecting device, so that high-speed gas in the gas inlet pipe is divided into a plurality of small gas flows with equal flow velocity, high-temperature plates can be uniformly cooled during precooling, and the performance of 7075 aluminum alloy caused by uneven cooling is avoided as much as possible(ii) a change; the gas flow passing division value of the precooling device is 1m3The range is 5-25 m3Measured by a flow meter of/h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115305422A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-08 | 吉林大学 | Warm forming process method for high-strength 7075-T6 aluminum alloy |
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