CN113355514A - Method for recycling scrapped titanium alloy auxiliary electrode - Google Patents
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- CN113355514A CN113355514A CN202110461742.4A CN202110461742A CN113355514A CN 113355514 A CN113355514 A CN 113355514A CN 202110461742 A CN202110461742 A CN 202110461742A CN 113355514 A CN113355514 A CN 113355514A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
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- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy smelting, and relates to a method for recycling a scrapped auxiliary electrode of a titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps: shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode; sawing along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode, and removing the chuck; assembling the scrapped auxiliary electrode in the crucible from bottom to top, wherein the diameter of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned above is not larger than that of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned below; putting the crucible assembled with the auxiliary electrode into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating; controlling the vacuum degree and the leakage rate in the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, turning on a power supply to perform in-furnace welding, controlling the welding current, the welding voltage, the arc stabilizing current and the welding time, and cooling for more than 0.5h after the welding is finished; blowing in the furnace and discharging gas; sealing the furnace, evacuating, controlling the vacuum degree and the leak rate, starting arc and smelting until the smelting is finished, cooling for more than 4 hours, discharging, and obtaining a recovered cast ingot; and (4) performing flat head and peeling treatment on the recovered cast ingot, and forging the cast ingot to be used as a new auxiliary electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy smelting, relates to a scrapped auxiliary electrode of a titanium alloy, and particularly relates to a method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary electrode of the titanium alloy.
Background
Titanium alloys have high specific strength, high corrosion resistance, and are referred to as third metals, marine metals, aerospace metals, and future metals. At present, only the United states, Japan and Russia in the world can carry out large-scale production of titanium, and China is the fourth country with a complete titanium industrial system. Titanium metal is widely used in the fields of aerospace, aviation, chemical engineering, petroleum, chemistry, electric power, metallurgy, medicine, ocean engineering, geothermal engineering, refrigeration industry, sports, tourism and the like. The most common production method of titanium alloys is vacuum consumable arc melting (i.e., VAR melting), and in addition, electron beam cold hearth melting, plasma beam cold hearth melting, and the like are available.
For vacuum consumable arc melting, titanium and titanium alloys are generally melted 2 or 3 times. The main purpose of the first smelting is alloying, and after the auxiliary electrode is welded with the primary consumable electrode, the smelting and the solidification are finished in a water-cooled crucible; the main purpose of the second smelting and the third smelting is to homogenize the components, and the smelting and the solidification are completed in a water-cooled crucible after the welding of the auxiliary electrode and the second or third consumable electrode. It can be seen that the auxiliary electrode and the water-cooled crucible are two types of tools and dies essential in the vacuum consumable melting process. The water-cooled crucible can be used repeatedly, and the auxiliary electrode can be worn once and shortened in length until being scrapped, and belongs to a tool and a die of a consumable material type.
In actual production, in order to ensure the product quality, an auxiliary electrode matched with the consumable electrode is often used according to the specification and the brand of the consumable electrode. Therefore, the reserve and consumption of the auxiliary electrode are fast, and the auxiliary electrode is one of the key control factors in the vacuum consumable arc melting process. In the prior art, the auxiliary electrode is continuously consumed along with the use, so that the final length cannot meet the production requirement, and the auxiliary electrode is scrapped, thereby causing cost loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for recycling a scrapped auxiliary electrode of a titanium alloy, so that a cast ingot recycled by the scrapped auxiliary electrode is forged again to prepare a new auxiliary electrode for recycling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary titanium alloy electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode;
2) sawing along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode, and removing the chuck;
3) assembling the scrapped auxiliary electrode in the crucible from bottom to top, wherein the diameter of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned above is smaller than or equal to that of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned below;
4) putting the crucible assembled with the auxiliary electrode into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating;
5) controlling the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace to be less than or equal to 5Pa, the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 1.2Pa/min, switching on a power supply to carry out welding in the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, wherein the welding current is 2 kA-11 kA, the welding voltage is 24V-28V, the arc stabilizing current is 2A-10A, the welding time is 3 min-6 min, and cooling is carried out for more than 0.5h after welding;
6) blowing in the furnace to release gas, and removing welding spatters, floating ash and slag shells near the welding line and in the crucible;
7) sealing the furnace, evacuating, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 1Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 0.8Pa/min, starting arc melting until the melting is finished, cooling for more than 4 hours, discharging, and obtaining a recovered cast ingot;
8) and (4) performing flat head treatment and peeling treatment on the recovered cast ingot by a lathe, and forging the cast ingot to be used as a new auxiliary electrode.
Further, cast iron shots are used for shot blasting in the step 1), the hardness of the cast iron shots is more than or equal to 50HRC, the granularity is 60 meshes, and the shot blasting pressure is 0.5 MPa.
Further, the sawing deflection in the step 2) is less than or equal to 5 mm.
Further, the diameter of the crucible in the step 3) is
Furthermore, the unilateral clearance of the crucible is more than or equal to 30 mm.
Further, the welding in the step 5) is specifically as follows:
setting initial values of welding current, welding voltage and arc stabilizing current as 24kA, 24V and 2A respectively, then increasing the welding current of 0.5kA, the welding voltage of 0.5V and the arc stabilizing current of 2A per minute, sequentially welding from top to bottom until the welding current, the welding voltage and the arc stabilizing current reach respective maximum values, and keeping for 3-6 min after the maximum values are reached, thereby completing the welding.
Further, in the vacuum arc melting process in the step 7), the melting current is controlled to be 9 kA-18 kA, the melting voltage is controlled to be 26V-32V, the arc stabilizing current is controlled to be 2A-10A, and the arc stabilizing period is controlled to be 10 s.
Furthermore, the number of the scrapped auxiliary electrodes is less than or equal to 5.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method can be used for recycling the scrapped electrodes and stub bars with the same grade, different specifications and different lengths.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an auxiliary electrode scrapped due to insufficient length in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of usable ingots recovered by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
the method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary titanium alloy electrode provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode;
2) sawing along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode, and removing the chuck;
3) assembling scrapped auxiliary electrodes in a crucible from bottom to top, wherein the number of the scrapped auxiliary electrodes is not more than 5, and the diameter of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned above is less than or equal to that of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned below;
4) putting the crucible assembled with the auxiliary electrode into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating;
5) controlling the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace to be less than or equal to 5Pa, the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 1.2Pa/min, switching on a power supply to carry out welding in the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, wherein the welding current is 2 kA-11 kA, the welding voltage is 24V-28V, the arc stabilizing current is 2A-10A, the welding time is 3 min-6 min, and cooling for more than 0.5h after the welding is finished;
6) blowing in the furnace to release gas, and removing welding spatters, floating ash and slag shells near the welding line and in the crucible;
7) sealing the furnace, evacuating, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 1Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 0.8Pa/min, starting arc melting until the melting is finished, wherein specific melting parameters and feeding parameters are respectively shown in a table 1 and a table 2:
as can be seen from Table 1, the arc starting current is 4kA, the arc starting voltage is 25V, the smelting current is 9 kA-18 kA, the smelting voltage is 26V-32V, the arc stabilizing current is 2A-10A, and the arc stabilizing period is 10 s;
as can be seen from Table 2, the initial feeding weight is 100kg, the final feeding weight is 15kg, a step current reduction mode (1kA/min → 1.5kA/min → 0.75kA/min → 0.5kA/min → 0.05kA/min) is adopted at the initial stage of the feeding stage, the molten pool changes slowly, impurities are dissolved and floated upwards and the components are uniform under the condition of larger current, the molten pool changes gradually, the stirring is weakened at the small current maintaining stage, the solidification is accelerated, and the production efficiency is improved;
TABLE 1 melting Process parameters
| Time/min | current/kA | voltage/V | Arc stabilization/A | Arc stabilization period/s |
| 4 | 4 | 25 | 2 | 10 |
| 1 | 9 | 26 | 2 | 10 |
| 5 | 9 | 28 | 2 | 10 |
| 1 | 18 | 32 | 10 | 10 |
| 10 | 18 | 32 | 10 | 10 |
| 20 | 17 | 32 | 10 | 10 |
| 10 | 17 | 32 | 10 | 10 |
TABLE 2 feeding Process parameters
| Time/min | current/kA | voltage/V | Arc stabilization/A | Arc stabilization period/s |
| 1 | 11 | 32 | 10 | 10 |
| 2 | 10 | 31 | 8 | 10 |
| 4 | 7 | 29 | 6 | 10 |
| 8 | 4 | 25 | 3 | 10 |
| 10 | 3 | 23 | 3 | 10 |
| 20 | 2.5 | 23 | 3 | 10 |
9) Cooling for more than 4h after the smelting is finished, and discharging to obtain a recycled ingot;
10) and (4) performing flat head treatment and peeling treatment on the recovered cast ingot by a lathe, and forging the cast ingot to be used as a new auxiliary electrode.
Further, cast iron shots are used for shot blasting in the step 1), the hardness of the cast iron shots is more than or equal to 50HRC, the granularity is 60 meshes, and the shot blasting pressure is 0.5 MPa.
Further, the sawing deflection in the step 2) is less than or equal to 5 mm.
Further, the diameter of the crucible in the step 3) is
The unilateral clearance of the crucible is more than or equal to 30 mm.
Further, the welding in the step 5) is specifically as follows:
setting initial values of welding current, welding voltage and arc stabilizing current as 24kA, 24V and 2A respectively, then increasing the welding current of 0.5kA, the welding voltage of 0.5V and the arc stabilizing current of 2A per minute, sequentially welding from top to bottom until the welding current, the welding voltage and the arc stabilizing current reach respective maximum values, and keeping for 3-6 min after the maximum values are reached, thereby completing the welding.
Further, in the vacuum arc melting process in the step 7), the melting current is controlled to be 9 kA-18 kA, the melting voltage is controlled to be 26V-32V, the arc stabilizing current is controlled to be 2A-10A, and the arc stabilizing period is controlled to be 10 s.
Furthermore, the number of the scrapped auxiliary electrodes is less than or equal to 5.
By utilizing the preparation method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary electrodes and the stub bars with the same grade, different specifications and different lengths, the cast ingots recycled by the scrapped auxiliary electrodes can be obtained, and the new auxiliary electrodes are prepared by forging again for recycling.
Example 1
A method for recycling a scrapped titanium alloy auxiliary electrode specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing 1 TC4 scrapped auxiliary electrode with the diameters of 300mm, 320mm and 360mm respectively;
s2, removing floating ash, splashes, oxides and the like on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode by shot blasting;
s3, sawing off the clamping heads along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode respectively, wherein the skewness is less than or equal to 5 mm;
s4, assembling auxiliary electrodes with the diameters of 360mm, 320mm and 300mm in a water-cooled crucible with the diameter of 440mm from bottom to top; wherein, the selection of the common crucible only needs to ensure that the unilateral clearance of the crucible is more than or equal to 30mm, and the purpose is to prevent the potential safety hazard caused by the side arcing;
s5, placing the assembled crucible into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating;
s7, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 5Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 1.2Pa/min, turning on a power supply to perform furnace welding in the vacuum consumable arc furnace, wherein the welding initial current is 2kA, the welding initial voltage is 24V, and the arc stabilizing initial current is 2A; and then, welding is sequentially carried out from top to bottom by increasing the welding current by 0.5kA, the welding voltage by 0.5V and the arc stabilizing current by 2A per minute, wherein the current is not more than 11kA, the voltage is not more than 28V and the arc stabilizing is not more than 10A. Keeping for 3min after reaching the maximum value until welding is finished, and cooling for more than 0.5h after welding is finished;
s8, discharging gas and opening the furnace, and removing welding spatters, floating ash, slag shells and the like near the welding line and in the crucible;
s9, sealing the furnace, evacuating, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 1Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 0.8Pa/min, and starting arc melting until the melting is finished; wherein the smelting parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 12kA, the smelting voltage is 32V, the arc stabilizing current is 10A, the arc stabilizing period is 10s, and feeding process parameters are as follows in the following table 3: the initial feeding weight is 100kg, and the final feeding weight is 15 kg;
TABLE 3 feeding Process parameters
S11, cooling for more than 4 hours after melting, and discharging to obtain a recovered cast ingot;
and S12, after the recycled cast ingot is subjected to flat head treatment and peeling treatment by a lathe, the cast ingot can be used as a new auxiliary electrode after being forged.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows the auxiliary electrode which is scrapped due to insufficient length, fig. 2 shows the ingot which can be recovered by the method, and the ingot is forged again to prepare a new auxiliary electrode which can be recycled.
Example 2
S1, preparing 1 scrap auxiliary electrode of TA15 with the diameters of 260mm, 280mm, 300mm, 320mm and 360mm respectively;
s2, removing floating ash, splashes, oxides and the like on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode by shot blasting;
s3, sawing off the clamping heads along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode respectively, wherein the skewness is less than or equal to 5 mm;
s4, assembling auxiliary electrodes with the diameters of 360mm, 320mm, 300mm, 280mm and 260mm in a water-cooled crucible with the diameter of 440mm from bottom to top; wherein, the selection of the common crucible only needs to ensure that the unilateral clearance of the crucible is more than or equal to 30mm, and the purpose is to prevent the potential safety hazard caused by the side arcing;
s5, placing the assembled crucible into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating;
s7, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 5Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 1.2Pa/min, turning on a power supply to perform furnace welding in the vacuum consumable arc furnace, wherein the welding initial current is 2kA, the welding initial voltage is 24V, and the arc stabilizing initial current is 2A; and then, welding is sequentially carried out from top to bottom by increasing the welding current by 0.5kA, the welding voltage by 0.5V and the arc stabilizing current by 2A per minute, wherein the current is not more than 11kA, the voltage is not more than 28V and the arc stabilizing is not more than 10A. Keeping for 6min after reaching the maximum value, and cooling for more than 0.5h after welding;
s8, discharging gas and opening the furnace, and removing welding spatters, floating ash, slag shells and the like near the welding line and in the crucible;
s9, sealing the furnace and evacuating, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1Pa, the leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa/min, and arc starting and smelting are carried out until the smelting is finished; wherein the smelting parameters are as follows: smelting current of 10kA, smelting voltage of 30V, arc stabilizing size of 8A, arc stabilizing period of 10s and feeding process parameters are shown in the following table 4: the initial feeding weight is 100kg, and the final feeding weight is 15 kg;
TABLE 4 feeding Process parameters
| Time/min | current/kA | voltage/V | Arc stabilization/A | Arc stabilization period/s |
| 1 | 10 | 30 | 8 | 10 |
| 2 | 9 | 29 | 8 | 10 |
| 4 | 7 | 27 | 6 | 10 |
| 8 | 4 | 25 | 3 | 10 |
| 10 | 3 | 23 | 3 | 10 |
| 20 | 2.5 | 23 | 3 | 10 |
S10, cooling for more than 4 hours after smelting is finished, and discharging to obtain a recovered cast ingot;
and S11, after the recycled cast ingot is subjected to flat head treatment and peeling treatment by a lathe, the cast ingot can be used as a new auxiliary electrode after being forged.
In conclusion, the method for recycling the titanium alloy auxiliary electrode provided by the invention can be used for recycling scrapped electrodes and stub bars with the same grade, different specifications and different lengths, and preparing a new auxiliary electrode through forging again for recycling.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for recycling a scrapped titanium alloy auxiliary electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode;
2) sawing along the conductive surface of the scrapped auxiliary electrode, and removing the chuck;
3) assembling the scrapped auxiliary electrode in the crucible from bottom to top, wherein the diameter of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned above is smaller than or equal to that of the scrapped auxiliary electrode positioned below;
4) putting the crucible assembled with the auxiliary electrode into a melting station of a vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, sealing the furnace and evacuating;
5) controlling the vacuum degree in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to be less than or equal to 5Pa, the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 1.2Pa/min, switching on a power supply to carry out in-furnace welding, wherein the welding current is 2 kA-11 kA, the welding voltage is 24V-28V, the arc stabilizing current is 2A-10A, the welding time is 3 min-6 min, and cooling is carried out for more than 0.5h after welding;
6) blowing in the furnace to release gas, and removing welding spatters, floating ash and slag shells near the welding line and in the crucible;
7) sealing the furnace, evacuating, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 1Pa, controlling the leakage rate to be less than or equal to 0.8Pa/min, starting arc melting until the melting is finished, cooling for more than 4 hours, discharging, and obtaining a recovered cast ingot;
8) and (4) performing flat head treatment and peeling treatment on the recovered cast ingot by a lathe, and forging the cast ingot to be used as a new auxiliary electrode.
2. The method for recycling the titanium alloy scrapped auxiliary electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shot blasting treatment in the step 1) uses cast iron shots, the cast iron shots have hardness of 50HRC or more, granularity of 60 meshes and shot blasting pressure of 0.5 MPa.
3. The method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary electrode of titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the sawing deflection in the step 2) is less than or equal to 5 mm.
4. The method for recycling the titanium alloy scrapped auxiliary electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the crucible in the step 3) is
5. The method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary electrode of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the unilateral clearance of the crucible is more than or equal to 30 mm.
6. The method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary titanium alloy electrode according to claim 1, wherein the welding in the step 5) is specifically as follows:
setting initial values of welding current, welding voltage and arc stabilizing current as 24kA, 24V and 2A respectively, then increasing the welding current of 0.5kA, the welding voltage of 0.5V and the arc stabilizing current of 2A per minute, sequentially welding from top to bottom until the welding current, the welding voltage and the arc stabilizing current reach respective maximum values, and keeping for 3-6 min after the maximum values are reached, thereby completing the welding.
7. The method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary titanium alloy electrode according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7) of vacuum arc melting, the melting current is controlled to be 9 kA-18 kA, the melting voltage is controlled to be 26V-32V, the arc stabilizing current is controlled to be 2A-10A, and the arc stabilizing period is 10 s.
8. The method for recycling the scrapped auxiliary electrodes of titanium alloys according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the number of scrapped auxiliary electrodes is less than or equal to 5.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03253521A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Consumable electrode for smelting titanium alloy |
| CN108359808A (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2018-08-03 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | The method that big specification TC4 titan alloy casting ingots are prepared using high proportion titanium defective material |
| CN109706332A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-03 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A method of improving titan alloy casting ingot surface quality |
| CN109702292A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-03 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of VAR titan alloy casting ingot |
| CN110814481A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-21 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Butt welding method of auxiliary electrode for titanium alloy |
| CN112410574A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 沈阳中钛装备制造有限公司 | Method for recycling remelting titanium or titanium alloy scraps by using vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace |
-
2021
- 2021-04-27 CN CN202110461742.4A patent/CN113355514A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03253521A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Consumable electrode for smelting titanium alloy |
| CN108359808A (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2018-08-03 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | The method that big specification TC4 titan alloy casting ingots are prepared using high proportion titanium defective material |
| CN109706332A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-03 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A method of improving titan alloy casting ingot surface quality |
| CN109702292A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-03 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of VAR titan alloy casting ingot |
| CN110814481A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-21 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Butt welding method of auxiliary electrode for titanium alloy |
| CN112410574A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 沈阳中钛装备制造有限公司 | Method for recycling remelting titanium or titanium alloy scraps by using vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace |
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