CN113354058B - Red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose and application thereof - Google Patents
Red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113354058B CN113354058B CN202110615944.XA CN202110615944A CN113354058B CN 113354058 B CN113354058 B CN 113354058B CN 202110615944 A CN202110615944 A CN 202110615944A CN 113354058 B CN113354058 B CN 113354058B
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- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose and application thereof, wherein the red tide algae algaecide is prepared from nanocellulose, persulfate, a dispersing agent and an auxiliary material, wherein the dosage of the nanocellulose is 9-78wt%, the dosage of the persulfate is 15-83wt%, the dosage of the dispersing agent is 2-5wt%, and the dosage of the auxiliary material is 3-5wt%. The algaecide is mixed with seawater or fresh water to prepare a uniform solution, modified nano-cellulose is obtained through ultrasonic modification, and the solution is sprayed on the surface of a red tide water body and can effectively remove a red tide after natural sedimentation for a certain time. The algaecide has high efficiency, green and sustainability, can inhibit the activity of red tide algae, and simultaneously carries algae cells to settle in the flocculation process; the efficiency of treating the red tide water body is obviously improved through an algae removal mechanism of inactivation, apoptosis and sedimentation; the nano-cellulose can be directly applied to natural water, has no influence on natural water environment and organisms, and can be biodegraded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of control and treatment of red tide, and particularly relates to a red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose and application thereof.
Background
Red tide is an ecological abnormal phenomenon that some microalgae, protozoa or bacteria are explosively proliferated or gathered to a certain level under certain environmental conditions to cause water body discoloration or harm to other organisms in the ocean. In the marine system, microalgae play an important role not only in providing food to other aquatic organisms at the bottom of the food chain, but also in the global carbon cycle, and they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, thereby performing a carbon sequestration effect. However, under certain conditions, certain species proliferate explosively and accumulate or produce toxins to form harmful algal blooms, which are generally called red tides because they cause the water to become red. In recent years, the aforementioned Harmful ecological phenomena are collectively called Harmful Algal Bloms (HAB) by the international scientific community.
In recent years, as the level of carbon dioxide rises, the global climate becomes warm, and the eutrophication degree of water body becomes more and more serious, the occurrence scale and frequency of harmful algal blooms generally tend to increase year by year. The frequently-occurring harmful algal blooms not only can cause massive death of marine organisms to reduce the yield of marine fishery on a large scale, but also can indirectly influence human health through the enrichment of red tide toxins, and can break the dynamic balance of marine ecological environment. Since the 70's of the 20 th century, more than 3000 red tide disasters occurred in coastal waters of China, and the economic loss caused by the disasters is as high as billions of RMB every year. Therefore, the prevention and control of red tide disasters are necessary for the development of marine ecology and human health in China. Because of the great harm of red tide to economy and human health, the treatment of red tide has been the focus of attention and research. The method can be roughly divided into two research directions, wherein one research direction is to reduce the occurrence frequency of the red tide by early detection and early warning before the occurrence of the red tide disaster; the other is that after a disaster occurs, the influence area of the red tide is reduced by treating red tide organisms, so that the harm of the red tide is weakened, and the treatment measures can be roughly divided into a biological method, a physical method and a chemical method. The physical method is mainly to remove algae by using mechanical equipment and applying air flotation, ultrasonic waves, stirring, adsorption and the like; biological methods use zooplankton, macrophytes, microorganisms, and filter-feeding shellfish to inhibit or eliminate microalgae; chemistry includes chemical kill and flocculation processes. The flocculation sedimentation method has prominent research results, and particularly, a great deal of research is carried out at home and abroad on the flocculation aspect of the modified clay. However, the method has certain defects, and the red tide removing biological capacities of different types of clay minerals and even the same type of clay minerals have great difference; different application modes also significantly affect the ability of clay to remove red tide organisms; the key is that the cost of spreading a large amount of clay is also high, takes effect slowly and may cause secondary rebound to produce pollution.
In recent years, advanced oxidation of nonmetal is concerned by scholars at home and abroad, and a free radical non-free radical process generated by transferring electrons through a nonmetal carbon-based material to activate persulfate has high-efficiency treatment capacity on environmental pollutants and has small influence on the environment. The combination of non-metal advanced oxidation and heterogeneous flocculation is a novel treatment strategy, the movement activity of red tide algae is limited in the advanced oxidation process, the flocculated heterogeneous material carries algae cells to sink to the bottom, and the influence of the non-metal material on the environment is small.
The nano-cellulose (as shown in figure 1) is a fiber aggregate obtained by treating fibers by means of chemistry, physics, biology or combination of the chemistry, the physics, the biology or the combination of the several, has the advantages of biodegradability, large specific surface area, easy surface functionalization and the like, and is a good flocculation material. Meanwhile, the physicochemical property of the nano-cellulose meets the material requirement of nonmetal advanced oxidation, but no relevant research report exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application of a red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose, which can effectively solve the problems of poor biocompatibility, slow effect, easy rebound and easy secondary pollution of the existing red tide algae algaecide.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the red tide algae algaecide based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose is prepared by uniformly mixing the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein:
the dispersant is one or more of carrageenan, gelatin, alginic acid, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and alkyl monoglycoside;
the auxiliary materials are one or more of sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium gluconate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate.
The nano-cellulose is one or more of cellulose nano-crystal, carboxylated cellulose nano-crystal, positively charged modified cellulose nano-crystal, cellulose nano-fiber, carboxylated cellulose nano-fiber and amphiphilic cellulose nano-fiber.
The persulfate is sodium persulfate, potassium hydrogen persulfate or ammonium persulfate.
The application of the red tide algae algaecide comprises mixing the red tide algae algaecide with seawater or fresh water, ultrasonically modifying for a certain time, preparing a solution, and spraying the solution on the surface of a red tide water body to ensure that the concentration of the red tide algae algaecide in the red tide water body is 0.001-0.5g L -1 And naturally settling for 0.5-8 hours to effectively remove the red tide algae. The red tide algae is phaeocystis globosa, red tide yicurvatia, skeletonema costatum or prorocentrum donghaiense.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the advanced oxidation process of persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose and combines the flocculation and sedimentation process of nanocellulose to remove red tide algae. The activity of red tide algae is inhibited by sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen generated in the advanced oxidation process, and then the red tide algae is inactivated and settled. Compared with the existing heterogeneous flocculation algaecide with more applications, the algaecide disclosed by the invention solves the problem that the existing algaecide only flocculates red tide algae and has small influence on activity. The risk of secondary rebound of red tide is reduced.
2. Compared with the existing algaecide, the algaecide provided by the invention inhibits the activity of red tide algae by utilizing an advanced oxidation process, and simultaneously removes the red tide algae by combining a flocculation sedimentation process of nano-cellulose. Therefore, the effective time is shorter than that of the common heterogeneous flocculation process, the effective time of the existing algaecide is more than 24 hours, and the removal efficiency of the algaecide can reach more than 90 percent within 7 hours.
3. Compared with the existing algaecide, the algaecide of the invention has obvious advantages in use amount, 0.3g L -1 The algaecide can achieve more than 90 percent of removal effect, while the using amount of the existing common heterogeneous algaecide needs 0.5g L -1 The above.
4. In the algaecide formula, the nano-cellulose, the persulfate, the dispersing agent and the auxiliary materials have small influence on the aquatic environment, and the nano-cellulose is a cellulose hydrolysate and can be eaten by aquatic organisms without influencing the aquatic environment, so that the algaecide has good biocompatibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an atomic force microscope image of nanocellulose used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the efficiency of red tide algaecide with four different formulations for removing phaeocystis globosa according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the initial concentration of phaeocystis globosa has a biological density of 10 9 cells L -1 The concentration of the algaecide for red tide algae in the algae liquid is 0.2g L -1 。
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the efficiency of red tide algaecide with different concentrations in removing red tide closterone, wherein the initial concentration of closterone has a biological density of 10 8 cells L -1 。
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the efficiency of red tide algaecide with different concentrations in removing prorocentrum donghaiense according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the initial concentration of prorocentrum donghaiense has a biological density of 10 7 cells L -1 。
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is an atomic force microscope image of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate oxidized modified cellulose nanocrystal, which is a typical nanoscale rod-shaped material with the length of 100-600nm and the diameter of 5-35nm, and the modified cellulose nanocrystal still maintains the original appearance without significant change.
The nanocellulose used in the present invention was purchased from Beijing flash Cisco technologies, inc.
The red tide algae algaecide is prepared by uniformly mixing nano cellulose, persulfate, a dispersing agent and auxiliary materials. Firstly, dissolving and mixing the nano-cellulose, persulfate, a dispersing agent and auxiliary materials in seawater or fresh water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for a certain time to obtain the modified nano-cellulose. In the red tide algae algaecide, the dosage of the nano cellulose, the persulfate and the dispersant can be determined according to the specific application water bodyThe characteristics, such as salinity and biomass. Generally, the mass percent of the nano-cellulose is between 9 and 78 percent, the mass percent of the persulfate is between 15 and 83 percent, and the mass percent of the dispersant is between 2 and 5 percent, which is the best. When in use, the algaecide for red tide algae based on persulfate modified nano-cellulose is used at a certain concentration (0.001-0.5 g L) -1 ) The water-based paint is sprayed on the surface of a red tide water body, and after a certain period of natural sedimentation, the red tide is effectively removed.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
Experiment 1: uniformly mixing 9% by mass of cellulose nanocrystals, 83% by mass of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate, 3% by mass of polyethylene glycol and 5% by mass of potassium nitrate in 1L of seawater, and performing ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to obtain an algaecide solution 1;
control 2: uniformly mixing 83% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate, 3% of polyethylene glycol and 5% of potassium nitrate in 1L of seawater, and performing ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to obtain an algaecide solution 2;
control 3: uniformly mixing 9% by mass of cellulose nanocrystals, 3% by mass of polyethylene glycol and 5% by mass of potassium nitrate in 1L of seawater, and performing ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to obtain an algaecide solution 3;
blank 4: polyethylene glycol with the mass content of 3% and potassium nitrate with the mass content of 5% are uniformly mixed in 1L seawater, and are subjected to ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to serve as an algaecide solution 4.
Spraying the above 4 algaecide solutions to red tide water body with spherical phaeocystis globosa 4 parts (9L each) with initial concentration of 10 biological density 9 cells L -1 The concentration of the algaecide for red tide algae in the algae liquid is 0.2g L -1 . And (5) after standing for 4 hours, observing the change of the density of the spherical phaeocystis fuscus in the algae liquid.
The algae removal efficiency of different algaecides is shown in figure 2, and the result shows that when the algaecide contains both cellulose nanocrystal and potassium peroxymonosulfate, the biological density can be effectively removed to 10 9 cells L -1 Is sphericalThe removal rate of the phaeocystis can reach more than 90 percent.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing 25 mass percent of positively charged modified cellulose nanocrystal, 69 mass percent of sodium persulfate, 2 mass percent of carrageenan and 4 mass percent of sodium sulfate in 1L of seawater, and performing ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to prepare the red tide algae algaecide solution.
Taking 6 parts of red tide water body with red tide clockweed, respectively spraying 9L of the red tide clockweed algicide solution, wherein the initial concentration biological density of the red tide clockweed in the algae solution is 10 8 cells L -1 The concentrations of the algaecide for red tide algae in the algae liquid are respectively 0 g and 0.1g L -1 、0.2g L -1 、0.3g L -1 、0.4g L -1 、0.5g L -1 And standing for 6h, and observing the density change of the red tide heterocurvula in the algae liquid.
The algae removal efficiency of the algaecide with different concentrations is shown in figure 3, and the results show that when the concentration of the algaecide is 0.3g L of the concentration of the red tide algaecide -1 And above, for biological densities up to 10 8 cells L -1 The removal rate of the red tide heterocurvula closterium can reach more than 95 percent.
Example 3
Uniformly mixing 45 mass percent of carboxylated modified cellulose nanocrystal, 50 mass percent of ammonium persulfate, 2 mass percent of alginic acid and 3 mass percent of sodium gluconate in 1L of seawater, and performing ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to prepare the red tide algae algaecide solution.
Taking 6 parts of red tide water body with prorocentrum donghaiense growing thereon, 9L each, spraying the red tide algae algaecide solution therein respectively, wherein the initial concentration biological density of prorocentrum donghaiense in the algae solution is 10 7 cells L -1 The concentrations of the algaecide for red tide algae in the algae liquid are 0 and 0.03g L respectively -1 、0.06g L -1 、0.09g L -1 、0.12g L -1 、0.15g L -1 And standing for 7h, and observing the density change of the prorocentrum donghaiense in the algae liquid.
The algae removal efficiency of different algaecides is shown in figure 4, and the result shows that when the concentration of the algaecide is 0.09g L of the concentration of the red tide algaecide -1 And above, for biological densities up to 10 7 cells L -1 The removal rate of prorocentrum donghaiense can reach more than 90%.
Example 4
Amphiphilic cellulose nano-fiber with the mass content of 65%, 28% of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate, 3% of polypropylene glycol and 4% of sodium nitrate are uniformly mixed in 1L of seawater, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic modification in a 200w ultrasonic device for 15min to obtain the red tide algae algaecide solution. Spraying red tide algae algaecide solution to 9L of red tide water body with Skeletonema costatum, wherein the initial concentration of Skeletonema costatum in algae solution has biological density of 10 10 cells L -1 The concentration of the algaecide for red tide algae in the algae liquid is 0.001g L -1 After standing for 2h, more than 80% of skeletonema costatum can be removed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The red tide algae removal agent based on persulfate oxidation modified nanocellulose is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing the following components in percentage by mass:
9 to 78 percent of nano-cellulose,
15 to 83 percent of persulfate,
2 to 5 percent of dispersant,
3 to 5 percent of auxiliary materials,
wherein:
the dispersant is one or more of carrageenan, gelatin, alginic acid, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and alkyl monoglycoside;
the auxiliary materials are one or more of sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium gluconate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate;
the nano-cellulose is one or more of cellulose nano-crystal, carboxylated cellulose nano-crystal, positive modified cellulose nano-crystal, cellulose nano-fiber, carboxylated cellulose nano-fiber and amphiphilic cellulose nano-fiber;
the red tide algae algaecide utilizes sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen generated by the advanced oxidation of the nano-cellulose activated persulfate to inhibit the activity of the red tide algae, and simultaneously combines the flocculation and sedimentation process of the nano-cellulose to remove the red tide algae.
2. The red tide algae algaecide of claim 1, wherein the persulfate is sodium persulfate, oxone, or ammonium persulfate.
3. The use of the red tide algae algaecide of claim 1 or 2, wherein: mixing the red tide algae algaecide with seawater or fresh water, ultrasonically modifying for a certain time, preparing a solution, and spraying the solution on the surface of the red tide water body to ensure that the concentration of the red tide algae algaecide in the red tide water body is 0.001-0.5g L -1 And naturally settling for 0.5-8 hours to effectively remove the red tide algae.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the red tide algae is spherical phaeocystis, red tide yizhuan algae, skeletonema costatum or prorocentrum donghaiense.
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Citations (3)
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| CN105000655A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 同济大学 | Method for removing algae in water through oxidizing agent activated through ferrous iron |
| CN108483757A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 复旦大学 | A kind of method of efficient pre-oxidation enhanced-coagulation |
| CN109485736A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-19 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of preparing nanocrystal cellulose |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105000655A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 同济大学 | Method for removing algae in water through oxidizing agent activated through ferrous iron |
| CN108483757A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 复旦大学 | A kind of method of efficient pre-oxidation enhanced-coagulation |
| CN109485736A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-19 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of preparing nanocrystal cellulose |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| Nanocellulose size regulates microalgal flocculation and lipid metabolism;Sun Il Yu等;《SCIENTIFIC REPORTS》;20161031;第6卷;第1-8页 * |
| Synthesis of Nanofibrillated Cellulose by Combined;Inese Filipova等;《nanomaterials》;20180831;第8卷(第9期);全文 * |
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