CN113350962B - Iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent - Google Patents
Iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113350962B CN113350962B CN202110453075.5A CN202110453075A CN113350962B CN 113350962 B CN113350962 B CN 113350962B CN 202110453075 A CN202110453075 A CN 202110453075A CN 113350962 B CN113350962 B CN 113350962B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/202—Single element halogens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40084—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by exchanging used adsorbents with fresh adsorbents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to an iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of an adsorbent, which comprises a first adsorption section, a second adsorption section and an air flow connection section which are connected with each other, wherein the first adsorption section is arranged right below the second adsorption section; one end of the airflow connecting section is connected with the leeward side of the first adsorption section, and the other end of the airflow connecting section is connected with the windward side of the second adsorption section; the first adsorption section comprises a first shell and an adsorbent filled in the first shell, and an adsorbent discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the first shell; the second adsorption section comprises a second shell and an adsorbent filled in the second shell, and an adsorbent filling port is formed in the top of the second shell; the top end of the first shell is connected with the bottom end of the second shell, and an isolation valve is arranged in the middle of the first shell. The adsorption device greatly improves the utilization rate of the adsorbent in the iodine adsorption device, reduces the amount of radioactive waste and saves resources by the reasonable design of the purification process and the reasonable layout of the structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to purification equipment for removing gaseous iodine in the field of nuclear industry and nuclear technology application, in particular to an iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent.
Background
In a nuclear facility factory building, a plurality of nuclear air purification air supply and exhaust systems are arranged for preventing radioactive gas from entering atmosphere and ensuring the safety of workers in the factory building. Generally, nuclear air purification systems employ iodine adsorbers for removing radioactive exhaust gases, the working body of which is impregnated activated carbon packed inside. The active carbon has certain adsorption capacity to radioactive pollutants, and after the maximum adsorption capacity is exceeded, the pollutants can penetrate through the active carbon adsorption bed and enter the atmosphere.
For a fixed depth carbon adsorption bed, the concentration profile of the adsorbate in the bed will follow a certain pattern after several stable operating phases, the adsorbate concentration profile being plotted as shown in figure 1, where curve 1 shows the concentration profile of the adsorbate in the adsorbent shortly after the start of the adsorption process in the new bed. After a further period of time, the concentration profile of the adsorbate in the adsorbent is shown by curve 2. As the adsorption process continues, the adsorbate concentration profile will eventually stop extending and reach a steady state. Curve 3 shows the concentration profile of the adsorbate just as it saturates at the inlet face, W s Indicating the saturated adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. Curve 4 shows the adsorption saturation region L s In the case of a displacement of a certain distance in the bed, L z Represents a complete concentration profile, L z Referred to as the adsorption Mass Transfer Zone (MTZ).
During operation of the purification unit, the upstream side L of the MTZ in the bed s The adsorption and desorption rates in the region are substantially the same, and the adsorbate is at L s Concentration and adsorption capacity W of region s The same is true. If adsorption continues, MTZ eventually penetrates the downstream side of the adsorbent bed, as shown in curve 5, when the concentration of contaminant penetrating the bed is greater than the maximum allowable outlet concentration W b Indicating that the adsorbent bed has been penetrated, the amount of adsorbate within the adsorbent bed at this time is referred to as the breakthrough adsorption capacity.
In practical engineering applications, the activated carbon in the adsorption bed is completely discharged as waste for disposal after the adsorber has reached the breakthrough adsorption capacity. However, as can be seen from the adsorption pattern diagram, when the adsorption bed reaches the breakthrough adsorption capacity, the front end of the adsorption bed reaches adsorption saturation, but the adsorbent filled at the rear end of the adsorption bed does not reach adsorption saturation, and still has the function of adsorbing radioactive gas, however, the activated carbon is regarded as radioactive waste and is not effectively utilized. This not only results in waste of resources, but also increases the amount of radioactive waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an iodine adsorption device with a high adsorbent utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent comprises a first adsorption section, a second adsorption section and an air flow connection section which are connected with each other, wherein the first adsorption section is arranged right below the second adsorption section, one end of the air flow connection section is connected with the leeward side of the first adsorption section, and the other end of the air flow connection section is connected with the windward side of the second adsorption section;
the first adsorption section comprises a first shell and an adsorbent filled in the first shell, and an adsorbent discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the first shell;
the second adsorption section comprises a second shell and an adsorbent filled in the second shell, and an adsorbent filling port is formed in the top of the second shell;
the top of the first adsorption section is communicated with the bottom of the second adsorption section, and a valve is arranged in the middle of the first adsorption section;
further, a discharge valve is installed at the adsorbent discharge port of the first shell.
Further, the bottom of second casing sets up isolation valve.
Furthermore, a screen is arranged in the first shell and the second shell.
Furthermore, the windward side of the first adsorption section is connected with an air inlet pipe, and the leeward side of the second adsorption section is connected with an exhaust pipe.
Furthermore, the adsorbents in the first adsorption section and the second adsorption section are porous adsorption materials such as activated carbon, molecular sieves, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, aerogel and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the adsorption device greatly improves the utilization rate of the active carbon in the iodine adsorption device through the reasonable design of the purification process and the reasonable layout of the structure, reduces the amount of radioactive waste and saves resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the distribution of adsorbate concentration in an activated carbon adsorption bed of the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2, an iodine adsorption device with high adsorbent utilization rate includes a first adsorption section 1, a second adsorption section 2 and an air flow connection section 3 which are connected with each other, the first adsorption section 1 is arranged under the second adsorption section 2, one end of the air flow connection section 3 is connected with the leeward side of the first adsorption section 1, and the other end is connected with the windward side of the second adsorption section 2;
the first adsorption section 1 comprises a first shell 11 and an adsorbent filled in the first shell 11, wherein the top of the first shell 11 is provided with an opening 12, and the bottom of the first shell 11 is provided with an adsorbent discharge opening 13; a discharge valve 14 is installed at the adsorbent discharge port 13 of the first housing 11.
The second adsorption section 2 comprises a second shell 21 and an adsorbent filled in the second shell, an adsorbent filling port 22 is formed in the top of the second shell 21, an opening 23 is formed in the bottom of the second shell 21, the top of the first adsorption section 1 is communicated with the bottom of the second adsorption section 2, a valve is arranged in the middle of the first adsorption section, and an isolation valve 24 is adopted as the valve.
Further, screens are provided in the first casing 11 and the second casing 21. The windward side of the first adsorption section 1 is connected with an air inlet pipe 4, and the leeward side of the second adsorption section 2 is connected with an exhaust pipe 5. The adsorbents in the first adsorption section 1 and the second adsorption section 2 are porous adsorption materials such as active carbon, molecular sieve, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, aerogel and the like.
When the device is used, the top opening 12 of the first shell 11 is in butt joint with the bottom opening 23 of the second shell 21, the air outlet end of the first adsorption section 1 is connected with the air inlet end of the second adsorption section 2 through the air flow connecting section 3, and then the iodine adsorption device is connected into a ventilation system.
When the adsorbent of the device adopts the activated carbon, the actual operation steps are as follows: the discharge valve 14 is closed, the isolation valve 24 is opened, and the feed inlet blind plate of the second shell 21 is removed. And (3) butting a feed port of the second shell 21 with an active carbon feeding machine, and filling active carbon into the box body. After the activated carbon is filled to the upper edge of the feed port of the first shell 11, the activated carbon feeding machine is suspended, and the filling height of the activated carbon is confirmed to exceed the upper edge height of the porous sieve plate so as to prevent mechanical leakage. Closing the isolation valve 24, starting the active carbon feeding machine, continuing to perform active carbon filling on the second shell 21, closing the feeding machine after filling to the upper edge of the feeding hole of the second shell 21, and plugging the blind plate of the feeding hole after confirming that the filling height of the active carbon exceeds the upper edge height of the porous sieve plate. Whole material loading in-process, it is closely knit to need to guarantee that the interior active carbon of box loads, prevents that the hollowing from appearing, avoids the not enough machinery that arouses of loading to reveal.
The iodine adsorption device is put into normal use, after a period of operation, when the iodine removal performance of the iodine adsorption device is reduced below the standard requirement, the activated carbon in the first shell 11 is basically saturated in adsorption, and a large part of adsorption capacity of the activated carbon in the second shell 21 is not utilized. The discharge valve 14 is opened to completely discharge the activated carbon in the first housing 11, and then the discharge valve 14 is closed.
And opening the isolation valve 24, unloading the activated carbon in the second shell 21 into the first shell 11, then closing the isolation valve 24, opening the blind plate of the feed port of the second shell 21, filling a new activated carbon adsorbent into the second shell 21, and after filling, sealing the blind plate of the feed port. At this point, the iodine adsorption unit can be put into service.
After the adsorption period is finished, the material changing process is repeated, so that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon is fully utilized.
The adsorption device greatly improves the utilization rate of the active carbon in the iodine adsorption device through the reasonable design of the purification process and the reasonable layout of the structure, reduces the amount of radioactive wastes, and saves resources.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. An iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent comprises a first adsorption section, a second adsorption section and an airflow connection section which are connected with each other, and is characterized in that the first adsorption section is arranged right below the second adsorption section, one end of the airflow connection section is connected with the leeward side of the first adsorption section, and the other end of the airflow connection section is connected with the windward side of the second adsorption section;
the first adsorption section comprises a first shell and an adsorbent filled in the first shell, and an adsorbent discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the first shell;
the second adsorption section comprises a second shell and an adsorbent filled in the second shell, and an adsorbent filling port is formed in the top of the second shell;
the top of the first adsorption section is communicated with the bottom of the second adsorption section, and a valve is arranged in the middle of the first adsorption section;
a screen is arranged in the first shell and the second shell;
when the activated carbon in the first shell is basically saturated in adsorption, the activated carbon in the first shell is completely discharged, and the activated carbon in the second shell is discharged into the first shell.
2. The high adsorbent utilization iodine adsorption unit of claim 1 wherein said first housing has a discharge valve mounted at said adsorbent discharge port.
3. The high-utilization iodine adsorption unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second casing has an isolation valve at its bottom end.
4. The iodine adsorption device with high adsorbent utilization rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the windward side of the first adsorption section is connected with an air inlet pipe, and the leeward side of the second adsorption section is connected with an exhaust pipe.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorbent in the first and second adsorption stages is activated carbon, molecular sieve, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, aerogel porous adsorbent material.
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| CN202110453075.5A CN113350962B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent |
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| CN202110453075.5A CN113350962B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Iodine adsorption device with high utilization rate of adsorbent |
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| CN113350962A CN113350962A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
| CN113350962B true CN113350962B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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