CN113349501A - Helmet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Helmet and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113349501A
CN113349501A CN202110534910.8A CN202110534910A CN113349501A CN 113349501 A CN113349501 A CN 113349501A CN 202110534910 A CN202110534910 A CN 202110534910A CN 113349501 A CN113349501 A CN 113349501A
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China
Prior art keywords
helmet
layer
energy
rigid
helmet body
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CN202110534910.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113349501B (en
Inventor
李强
朱露
胡辉
刘忠
梁志
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Jiangxi Lianchuang Electroacoustics Co ltd
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Jiangxi Lianchuang Electroacoustics Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/003—Helmet covers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42C—MANUFACTURING OR TRIMMING HEAD COVERINGS, e.g. HATS
    • A42C2/00—Manufacturing helmets by processes not otherwise provided for
    • A42C2/002—In-mould forming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/162—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B32B2038/002—Sandblasting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • B32B2437/04—Caps, helmets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing

Abstract

A helmet and its preparation method, this helmet includes the helmet body, the stated helmet body includes stacking up the first energy from outside to inside and setting up counteracts layer, energy-absorbing layer, rigid layer and second energy and counteracts the layer sequentially, wherein, the stated first energy counteracts the layer and includes the first fiber fabric prepreg, and adhere to the first fiber prepreg and keep away from the first nanometer rigid coating of one side of the stated energy-absorbing layer; the energy absorption layer comprises a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepreg arranged in a stacked manner; the rigid layer comprises a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs which are arranged in a stacked mode; the second energy counteracting layer comprises a second fiber fabric prepreg arranged on one side of the rigid layer and a second nano rigid coating attached to one side, far away from the rigid layer, of the second fiber fabric prepreg. The invention has excellent puncture resistance, low surface density, light weight, small target point depression after puncture and excellent protection capability.

Description

Helmet and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of head protection equipment, in particular to a helmet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The flight protection helmet is used as head protection equipment of a pilot, and provides vital protection for the life safety of the pilot, and once an accident happens in the flight process, when the pilot carries out ejection lifesaving, the process is accompanied with the impact of a large number of cabin fragments with different shapes and relatively sharp on the head, so that the helmet with lighter weight and stronger protection performance is required to be developed for the pilot in order to ensure the life safety of the pilot and effectively prevent the injury of sharp objects on the head of the pilot;
in the helmet system, the helmet body is used for determining the protective performance, and the traditional pilot helmetThe helmet body is made of single short fiber materials, so that the protective capability is poor, the target point is sunken and deformed greatly after being punctured by a sharp object, and secondary damage is easily caused to the head of a pilot. If it is desired to improve the protection, it is necessary to increase the number of plies, in such a way as to result in a greater areal density of the helmet body, of the order of 3kg/m2Further, the helmet is heavy and the spine of the pilot is easily damaged after long-term wearing.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for a helmet with high protection performance and light weight and a method for manufacturing the same.
A helmet comprises a helmet body, wherein the helmet body comprises a first energy offset layer, an energy absorption layer, a rigid layer and a second energy offset layer which are sequentially stacked from outside to inside, wherein,
the first energy counteracting layer comprises a first fiber fabric prepreg and a first nano rigid coating attached to one side, far away from the energy absorbing layer, of the first fiber prepreg;
the energy absorption layer comprises a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepreg arranged in a stacked manner;
the rigid layer comprises a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs which are arranged in a stacked mode;
the second energy counteracting layer comprises a second fiber fabric prepreg arranged on one side of the rigid layer and a second nano rigid coating attached to one side, far away from the rigid layer, of the second fiber fabric prepreg.
Further, in the helmet, the first fiber fabric prepreg and the second fiber prepreg are orthogonal plain woven fabric prepregs woven with aramid fibers.
Further, in the helmet, the third fiber prepreg is a carbon fiber prepreg.
Further, the helmet is characterized in that prepregs between different layers in the helmet body are bonded according to 0-15 degrees in a crossed layer mode.
Further, in the helmet, an areal density of the helmet body is 1.8kg/m2～2kg/m2。
Further, in the helmet, the resin matrix for preparing the prepreg is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and modified resin thereof.
Further, the helmet described above, wherein the first energy-canceling layer, the energy-absorbing layer, the rigid layer, and the second energy-canceling layer are bonded together with a thermosetting resin adhesive.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the helmet, which comprises the following steps:
a. sequentially laying a first fiber fabric prepreg, a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepregs, a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs and a plurality of layers of second fiber fabric prepregs on a silica gel air bag mould for forming a helmet body layer by layer to form the helmet body with a composite plate structure;
b. putting the helmet body laid on the silica gel air bag mold into a metal outer mold, heating the metal outer mold to 85 +/-5 ℃, restarting and pressurizing the silica gel air bag mold at the same time, keeping the pressure at 75 +/-5 bar for 180 +/-10 s, and obtaining a preliminarily molded helmet;
c. taking out the preliminarily molded helmet body, and performing trimming and burr treatment;
d. coating a layer of epoxy resin film on the surface of the treated helmet body, and attaching a layer of adhesive tape outside the epoxy resin film to absorb the glue solution overflowing in the pressing process;
e. after the step d is finished, the helmet is placed into an outer metal mold, the left outer metal mold and the right outer metal mold are closed, the silica gel air bag mold is inflated and maintained at the pressure of 100-125 bar and the temperature of 100-120 ℃, the pressing time is 70-80 min, the mold is opened and the air is released at the 3 rd minute, the 5 th minute, the 10 th minute, the 15 th minute, the 25 th minute and the 40 th minute of pressing, and the air release frequency is 3-9 times;
f. reducing the temperature to 45-55 ℃, removing air pressure, opening the mold, and taking out the helmet body;
g. and f, carrying out sand blasting and cleaning on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body obtained in the step f, spraying a nano rigid coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body, and polishing and cleaning to obtain the helmet.
Further, the above preparation method, wherein the step of spraying the nano rigid coating on the inner and outer surfaces of the helmet body comprises:
and (3) spraying the nano rigid coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body for three times, wherein the spraying is carried out for the first time by 25 micrometers, the spraying is carried out for the second time by 30 micrometers, the spraying is carried out for the third time by 18 micrometers, and after each spraying, polishing and cleaning are carried out on the position with excessive thickness.
Further, according to the preparation method, two closed cavities are arranged in the silica gel air bag die, each cavity is provided with an independent air inlet pipe, and materials attached to the silica gel air bag die are pressurized according to regions through the two cavities.
The helmet body of the helmet comprises two energy counteracting layers positioned at two sides of the helmet body, and an energy absorbing layer and a rigid layer positioned in the middle part of the helmet body. The four functional layers are mutually matched to offset and absorb energy in the puncturing process and resist puncturing dent deformation. The helmet disclosed by the invention can be well matched with the toughness and rigidity required by the helmet body, has excellent puncture resistance aiming at the puncture striking process, is low in surface density and light in weight, has small target point depression after puncture, and has excellent protection capability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main elements
Figure BDA0003069231100000031
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, this embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, a helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a helmet body, which includes a first energy cancellation layer 10, an energy absorption layer 20, a rigid layer 30, and a second energy cancellation layer 40 stacked in sequence from outside to inside. Namely, the helmet body is provided with a first energy counteracting layer 10 and a second energy counteracting layer 40 at two sides, and an energy absorbing layer 20 and a rigid layer 30 in sequence in the middle after energy counteraction so as to absorb energy and limit puncture. The functional layers are glued into a whole through a thermosetting resin adhesive and are glued into a whole through a mould under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure.
The first energy cancellation layer 10 is mainly composed of a two-layer laminated structure, i.e., a first fiber fabric prepreg 11 and a first nano rigid coating layer 12. The first nano-rigid coating 12 is attached to the first fiber prepreg 11, and the first nano-rigid coating 12 is located on a side of the first fiber prepreg 11 away from the energy absorbing layer 20. In specific implementation, the first nano-rigid coating 12 is attached to the surface of the first fiber fabric 11 by a three-time spraying process.
When the first rigid nano coating 12 is punctured by a sharp material, under the action of high speed and high pressure, the high rigidity of the material can enable the material near a target point to generate high-speed vibration, stress transverse waves generated in the puncturing process are transmitted to the periphery at high speed, a large amount of puncturing energy is absorbed by the vibration and friction of the first fiber fabric prepreg 11 at the lower layer, and the puncturing impact energy is effectively attenuated. Therefore, the first energy cancellation layer 10 composed of the first fiber fabric prepreg 11 and the first nano rigid coating 12 has high structural rigidity and good dent deformation resistance, so that the helmet has excellent protective performance.
Further, the first fiber fabric prepreg 11 is an orthogonal plain woven fabric prepreg woven from aramid fibers.
Further, the first nano rigid coating 12 is a nano rigid protective film, which has high compactness and can well offset energy.
The energy absorbing layer 20 comprises a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepreg 21 which are stacked. When the method is specifically implemented, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene orthogonal plain weave prepreg with high warp and weft density can be adopted, the warp and weft of the woven fabric are tightly combined, the toughness is excellent, and when the woven fabric is punctured by an external object, the woven fabric can elastically deform to greatly absorb puncture energy. In addition, in the process of puncture, the woven fabric yarn can rapidly transmit and diffuse puncture energy, the puncture energy is efficiently diffused, and puncture damage is reduced.
The rigid layer 30 includes two layers of third fiber fabric prepregs 31 stacked together, and the third fiber fabric prepreg 31 may be a carbon fiber prepreg, and in specific implementation, the carbon fiber prepreg is woven with 45 ° satin weave. The rigid layer 30 has a shape retaining structure and can reduce puncture depressions.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention the amount of third fabric prepreg 31 in the rigid layer 30 may be suitably increased depending on the puncture resistance of the helmet and the overall quality of the helmet.
The second energy cancellation layer 40 includes a second fiber fabric prepreg 41 disposed on one side of the rigid layer 30, and a second nano rigid coating 42 attached to one side of the second fiber fabric prepreg 41 away from the rigid layer 30.
The second energy canceling layer 40 has the same structure and function as the first energy canceling layer 10, and can further cancel the piercing energy.
The second fiber fabric prepreg 41 can be an orthogonal plain woven fabric prepreg woven by aramid fibers, and the second nano rigid coating 42 can be a nano rigid protective film.
The prepreg used in each functional layer transfers resin to the surface of the fiber fabric by adopting an agent impregnation method to form the fabric prepreg. The resin matrix of the prepreg is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and modified resin thereof.
Furthermore, the prepregs among different layers are bonded according to 0-15 degrees of cross laying, and the helmet obtained by the method is firm in structure and higher in quality.
Further, the helmet of this example had a total thickness of the helmet body of 1.2. + -. 0.1mm, a weight of the helmet body of 265. + -.5 g, and an area density of 1.8kg/m2～2kg/m2The whole is light and has low surface density.
The helmet body of the helmet in the embodiment comprises two energy counteracting layers positioned at two sides of the helmet body, and an energy absorbing layer and a rigid layer positioned at the middle part of the helmet body. The four functional layers are mutually matched to offset and absorb energy in the puncturing process and resist puncturing dent deformation. The helmet in the embodiment can well match toughness and rigidity required by the helmet body, can resist puncture in a echelon mode aiming at a puncture hitting process, quickly consumes puncture energy, controls target point depression after puncture, and can reliably protect safety of a wearer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the helmet, which is used for preparing the helmet in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
a. sequentially laying a first fiber fabric prepreg, a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepregs, a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs and a plurality of layers of second fiber fabric prepregs on a silica gel air bag mould for forming a helmet body layer by layer to form the helmet body with a composite plate structure;
b. putting the helmet body laid on the silica gel air bag mold into a metal outer mold, heating the metal outer mold to 85 +/-5 ℃, restarting and pressurizing the silica gel air bag mold at the same time, keeping the pressure at 75 +/-5 bar for 180 +/-10 s, and obtaining a preliminarily molded helmet;
c. taking out the preliminarily molded helmet body, and performing trimming and burr treatment;
d. coating a layer of epoxy resin film on the surface of the treated helmet body, and attaching a layer of adhesive tape outside the epoxy resin film to absorb the glue solution overflowing in the pressing process;
e. after the step d is finished, the helmet is placed into an outer metal mold, the left outer metal mold and the right outer metal mold are closed, the silica gel air bag mold is inflated and maintained at the pressure of 100-125 bar and the temperature of 100-120 ℃, the pressing time is 70-80 min, the mold is opened and the air is released at the 3 rd minute, the 5 th minute, the 10 th minute, the 15 th minute, the 25 th minute and the 40 th minute of pressing, and the air release frequency is 3-9 times;
f. reducing the temperature to 45-55 ℃, removing air pressure, opening the mold, and taking out the helmet body;
g. and f, carrying out sand blasting and cleaning on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body obtained in the step f, spraying a nano rigid coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body, and polishing and cleaning to obtain the helmet.
Further, the nano rigid coating is sprayed on the surface of the aramid orthogonal plain woven fabric prepreg through a three-time spraying process, and the three-time spraying process specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the helmet formed by pressing, cleaning the surface of the helmet body after the sand blasting treatment is finished, carrying out primary spraying of the nano rigid coating, wherein the primary spraying is 25 micrometers, the secondary spraying is 30 micrometers, and the third spraying is 18 micrometers, and after each spraying, polishing and cleaning the position with excessive thickness.
Furthermore, two closed cavities are arranged inside the silica gel air bag die, each cavity is provided with an independent air inlet pipe, and materials attached to the silica gel air bag die are pressurized according to regions through the two cavities.
Furthermore, a plurality of resistance-variable electric heating wires of independent controllers are arranged on the outer metal mold to heat different areas of the outer metal mold in a segmented manner. When the helmet body forming device is specifically implemented, the left metal mold and the right metal mold are divided into grid shaped like Chinese character 'tian', an independently controlled resistance-variable electric heating wire is arranged in the center of each grid, different areas of the metal molds can be heated in a segmented mode, and the helmet body forming device can adapt to fine control of different materials to different temperatures in the helmet body forming process.
Through a plurality of process scheme analogy tests, the process setting under the temperature and the pressure can achieve the optimal combination of all functional layers and the optimal puncture resistance.
The helmet in the embodiment of the invention is subjected to penetration resistance test, and the test result is shown in table 1, so that the helmet in the invention meets the penetration energy (29.4J) test of a II-type helmet in GJB1564A, and the helmet is not penetrated and meets the technical requirements.
TABLE 1 penetration resistance test results
Figure BDA0003069231100000071
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A helmet comprises a helmet body, and is characterized in that the helmet body comprises a first energy counteracting layer, an energy absorbing layer, a rigid layer and a second energy counteracting layer which are sequentially stacked from outside to inside, wherein,
the first energy counteracting layer comprises a first fiber fabric prepreg and a first nano rigid coating attached to one side, far away from the energy absorbing layer, of the first fiber prepreg;
the energy absorption layer comprises a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepreg arranged in a stacked manner;
the rigid layer comprises a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs which are arranged in a stacked mode;
the second energy counteracting layer comprises a second fiber fabric prepreg arranged on one side of the rigid layer and a second nano rigid coating attached to one side, far away from the rigid layer, of the second fiber fabric prepreg.
2. The helmet of claim 1 wherein said first and second fibrous prepregs are cross-woven flat woven prepregs woven from aramid fibers.
3. The helmet according to claim 1, wherein the third fiber prepreg is a carbon fiber prepreg.
4. The helmet of claim 1 wherein the prepregs between the different layers in the body are bonded in 0 ° to 15 ° cross-plies.
5. The helmet of claim 1 wherein the body has an areal density of 1.8kg/m2～2kg/m2。
6. The helmet of claim 1 wherein the resin matrix from which the prepreg is made is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin and modified resins thereof.
7. The helmet of claim 1, wherein the first energy-counteracting layer, the energy-absorbing layer, the rigid layer, and the second energy-counteracting layer are glued together by a thermosetting resin adhesive.
8. A method of manufacturing a helmet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
a. sequentially laying a first fiber fabric prepreg, a plurality of layers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene woven fabric prepregs, a plurality of layers of third fiber fabric prepregs and a plurality of layers of second fiber fabric prepregs on a silica gel air bag mould for forming a helmet body layer by layer to form the helmet body with a composite plate structure;
b. putting the helmet body laid on the silica gel air bag mold into a metal outer mold, heating the metal outer mold to 85 +/-5 ℃, restarting and pressurizing the silica gel air bag mold at the same time, keeping the pressure at 75 +/-5 bar for 180 +/-10 s, and obtaining a preliminarily molded helmet;
c. taking out the preliminarily molded helmet body, and performing trimming and burr treatment;
d. coating a layer of epoxy resin film on the surface of the treated helmet body, and attaching a layer of adhesive tape outside the epoxy resin film to absorb the glue solution overflowing in the pressing process;
e. after the step d is finished, the helmet is placed into an outer metal mold, the left outer metal mold and the right outer metal mold are closed, the silica gel air bag mold is inflated and maintained at the pressure of 100-125 bar and the temperature of 100-120 ℃, the pressing time is 70-80 min, the mold is opened and the air is released at the 3 rd minute, the 5 th minute, the 10 th minute, the 15 th minute, the 25 th minute and the 40 th minute of pressing, and the air release frequency is 3-9 times;
f. reducing the temperature to 45-55 ℃, removing air pressure, opening the mold, and taking out the helmet body;
g. and f, carrying out sand blasting and cleaning on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body obtained in the step f, spraying a nano rigid coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body, and polishing and cleaning to obtain the helmet.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying the nano-rigid coating to the inner and outer surfaces of the helmet body comprises:
and (3) spraying the nano rigid coating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the helmet body for three times, wherein the spraying is carried out for the first time by 25 micrometers, the spraying is carried out for the second time by 30 micrometers, the spraying is carried out for the third time by 18 micrometers, and after each spraying, polishing and cleaning are carried out on the position with excessive thickness.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein two sealed cavities are provided in the silicone air bag mold, each cavity is provided with an independent air inlet pipe, and the material attached to the silicone air bag mold is pressurized by regions through the two cavities.
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