CN113349130B - Floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method, planning method and optimal arrangement system - Google Patents
Floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method, planning method and optimal arrangement system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method and a system, wherein the arrangement method comprises the following steps: establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area respectively; carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model; the influence range of the suspension cages (grid models) is determined by utilizing the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model in a simulation mode, and the floating raft suspension cages are arranged according to the influence range, so that the optimized cultivation arrangement of the floating raft suspension cages is realized, and the number of the single suspension cages with the floating raft arrangement density exceeding the bearing capacity of a water area is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an optimal arrangement method, a planning method and an optimal arrangement system for floating raft and cage culture.
Background
One of the most common forms of mariculture is raft culture, which is a technique derived from japan and is currently widely used in the culture of oysters, scallops, and macroalgae. The culture mode widely applied at present is floating raft hanging culture, the hanging culture belongs to three-dimensional culture, and the method is suitable for sea areas with smaller storms and smooth tides and water depth not more than 20 meters. With the increase of offshore raft culture yield and the enlargement of culture area, the arrangement of large-area culture floating rafts generates a certain barrier effect on hydrodynamic conditions of sea areas, changes the hydrodynamic characteristics of culture areas and adjacent sea areas, causes the reduction of water body exchange capacity, increases the exchange period, and greatly changes the pollutant diffusion and water environment quality of the areas. The presence of the suspended support system creates a drag effect on the water flow, causing changes in hydrodynamic conditions, while the transport and replenishment of suspended matter is dependent on hydrodynamic conditions. The suspended particles in the water are the main food source of the floating raft shellfish, and the quantity and the distribution condition of the suspended particles are important factors for restricting the growth of organisms.
At present, the arrangement mode of the floating raft is mainly to judge the proper arrangement distance according to experience. The method has the advantages that the breeding arrangement of the floating rafts and the suspension cages is optimized, the spacing between the suspension cages in the water areas is scientifically determined, the breeding density of the water areas can be reasonably determined, the situation that the breeding density of the floating rafts exceeds the bearing capacity of the water areas due to overlarge arrangement density is avoided, the contradiction between human development activities and environment protection work is well coordinated, and the method has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimal arrangement method, a planning method and an optimal arrangement system for floating raft and suspension cage cultivation, so as to optimize the floating raft and suspension cage cultivation arrangement and avoid the situation that the floating raft arrangement density is too large and exceeds the cultivation density of the bearing capacity of a water area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an optimal arrangement method for floating raft and suspension cage culture, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area respectively;
carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model;
determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model;
and determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
Optionally, the determining, according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, that the minimum distance of the water flow direction affected by the grid model and smaller than the first preset threshold is used as the raft arrangement interval specifically includes:
setting a first measuring point at every first preset interval along the water flow direction by taking the grid model as a starting point;
calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each first measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a first unit suspended matter flux variable quantity of each first measuring point;
calculating the distance between each first measuring point with the first unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a first preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of first distances;
and selecting the minimum distance in the first distances as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts.
Optionally, the calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference between each first measurement point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measurement point specifically includes:
calculating the flow speed of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow speed of the inlet of the target culture area;
according to the suspended matter concentration at the inlet of the target culture area, calculating the suspended matter concentration at the position of the first measuring point by using the water quality numerical model;
calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position;
and calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow of the first measuring point position and the unit suspended matter flow of the target culture area inlet as the first unit suspended matter flow variation of the first measuring point.
Optionally, determining, according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, that 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction affected by the grid model and smaller than the second preset threshold is used as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages, specifically including:
setting a second measuring point at every second preset interval along any horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction; for example, the water flow direction is x, and the horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction includes a y direction and a-y direction perpendicular to x on the horizontal plane, and because of symmetry of the two directions, it is sufficient to calculate either direction.
Calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each second measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a second unit suspended matter flux variable quantity of each second measuring point;
calculating the distance between each second measurement point with the second unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a second preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of second distances;
and calculating 2 times of the minimum distance in the plurality of second distances as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages.
A buoyant raft suspension cage culture planning method comprises the following steps:
aiming at maximizing the number of cultured organisms, determining the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number and the optimal raft suspension cage arrangement mode corresponding to the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number by adopting a particle swarm algorithm;
wherein, the calculation mode of the number of the cultured organisms is as follows:
determining the floating raft cage arrangement mode corresponding to the cultivation number of the single cages by adopting the arrangement method;
and calculating the number of cultured organisms in the target culture area under the single suspension cage culture number based on the arrangement mode of the floating rafts and the suspension cages corresponding to the single suspension cage culture number.
Optionally, based on the raft cage arrangement mode that the number corresponds is bred to single cage, calculate the target and breed the district and be in the number of the biological quantity of breeding under the number is bred to single cage specifically includes:
based on the arrangement mode of the floating rafts and the cages corresponding to the breeding number of the single cages, a formula g is utilizedzComputing the target as g.n.m.pThe number of cultured organisms in the culture area under the single suspension cage culture number is less than the total number of the cultured organisms in the single suspension cage culture area;
wherein n is the number of the layers of the cages, m is the number of the cages directly connected with each buoyant raft, p is the number of the buoyant rafts in the target culture area, and g is the number of cultured organisms of each cage, namely the number of single cage culture.
A buoyant raft suspension cage culture optimization arrangement system, the arrangement system comprising:
the model establishing module is used for establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow rate and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area;
the system comprises a grid model establishing module, a single-layer cultivation suspension cage establishing module and a single-layer cultivation suspension cage establishing module, wherein the grid model establishing module is used for performing networking processing on a three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and a cultivation biological model with the preset single-layer suspension cage cultivation number is arranged in the grid model;
the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining module is used for determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as a buoyant raft arrangement interval according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model;
and the suspension cage arrangement distance determining module is used for determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the suspension cage arrangement distance according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
Optionally, the module for determining the arrangement distance of the floating rafts specifically includes:
the first measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a first measuring point at intervals of a first preset interval along the water flow direction by taking the grid model as a starting point;
the first unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each first measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measuring point;
the first distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each first measurement point with the first unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a first preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of first distances;
and the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining submodule is used for selecting the minimum distance in the first distances as the buoyant raft arrangement interval.
Optionally, the first unit suspended matter flux variation calculating submodule specifically includes:
the flow velocity calculation unit is used for calculating the flow velocity of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow velocity of the inlet of the target culture area;
the suspended matter concentration calculating unit is used for calculating the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position by utilizing the water quality numerical model according to the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area;
the unit suspended matter flux calculation unit is used for calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position;
and the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow at the position of the first measuring point and the unit suspended matter flow at the inlet of the target culture area as the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity of the first measuring point.
Optionally, the module for determining arrangement intervals of the cages specifically includes:
the second measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a second measuring point at every second preset interval along any one horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction;
the second unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each second measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a second unit suspended matter flux variation of each second measuring point;
the second distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each second measurement point with the second unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a second preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of second distances;
and the suspension cage arrangement distance determining submodule is used for calculating 2 times of the minimum distance in the second distances to be used as the suspension cage arrangement distance.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method and a system, wherein the arrangement method comprises the following steps: establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area respectively; carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model; determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model; and determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model. The influence range of the cages is determined by using the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model in a simulation mode, and the floating raft cages are arranged according to the influence range, so that the optimized cultivation arrangement of the floating raft cages is realized, and the situation that the arrangement density of the floating rafts exceeds the single cage cultivation number of the bearing capacity of a water area is avoided.
The invention also provides a floating raft suspension cage culture planning method, which aims at maximizing the culture quantity by adopting a particle swarm algorithm, and maximizes the culture benefit while ensuring that the arrangement density of the floating rafts does not exceed the single suspension cage culture quantity of the bearing capacity of a water area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an optimal arrangement method for buoyant raft and suspension cage culture according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of buoyant rafts and cages according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, where fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a regular arrangement, and fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a staggered arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cage simulation provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the flow distribution of suspended matters per unit in the water flow direction for different numbers of single cages according to example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a horizontal and vertical unit suspended matter flow distribution diagram along the water flow direction for different single suspension cage cultivation numbers according to example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an optimal arrangement method, a planning method and an optimal arrangement system for floating raft and suspension cage cultivation, so as to optimize the floating raft and suspension cage cultivation arrangement and avoid the situation that the floating raft arrangement density is too large and exceeds the single suspension cage cultivation number of the bearing capacity of a water area.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The method and the system are a floating raft suspension cage culture optimization arrangement method based on suspended matter flux calculation, and the method comprises the steps of collecting and processing basic data information and cultured organism information of a target culture area, establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality model, constructing culture suspension cages and cultured organisms in the model, setting different single suspension cage culture numbers, calculating the transverse and vertical spatial distribution of suspended matter flux under different single suspension cage culture numbers, and determining the transverse and vertical intervals among floating rafts.
The theoretical basis of the floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method based on the suspended matter flux calculation is as follows: the suspended matter flux around the single floating raft suspension cage is recovered to the same level as the suspended matter flux at the inlet at the positions with the distance WA between the suspension cages and LA between the floating rafts under the condition that the cultured organisms are cultured in different single suspension cages.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an optimal arrangement method for floating raft and cage culture, which comprises the following steps:
and 101, respectively establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow rate and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area.
Control equation of hydrodynamic model:
wherein rho represents the density of the water body, t represents time, u represents the flow velocity of the water body, P represents the pressure of the water body, and a represents acceleration.
The control equation of the water quality model is as follows:
wherein C represents concentration, t represents time, DiIs the dispersion coefficient in the i direction and u is the fluid velocity in the i direction.
102, carrying out networking processing on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model.
And 103, determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
Wherein, the calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference between each first measurement point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measurement point specifically includes: calculating the flow speed of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow speed of the inlet of the target culture area; according to the suspended matter concentration at the inlet of the target culture area, calculating the suspended matter concentration at the position of the first measuring point by using the water quality numerical model; calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position; and calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow of the first measuring point position and the unit suspended matter flow of the target culture area inlet as the first unit suspended matter flow variation of the first measuring point.
And step 104, determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 of the present invention is a specific implementation manner of embodiment 1, and specifically includes the following steps:
collecting and sorting basic data, collecting water flow velocity, flow direction and suspended matter concentration data in a target culture area through a way of combining field research and data lookup, determining inlet flow velocity and suspended matter concentration of the target culture area, assuming that horizontal flow velocity and suspended matter concentration are uniformly distributed along the water depth direction, and establishing a corresponding hydrodynamic-water quality model.
And collecting and processing the culture facility data, and collecting and determining the diameter of a net wire of a suspension cage and the diameter of the suspension cage in the floating raft culture in the target culture area. The size of the grid is set according to the diameter of the cage, and a single-layer breeding cage model is arranged in the hydrodynamic-water quality model.
The method comprises the steps of processing floating raft cultured organisms in a target culture area through field research and a corresponding scanning technology, wherein the floating raft cultured organisms include but are not limited to bay scallops, comb scallops, oysters and other bivalve cultured organisms, inputting target cultured organism shape data to a single-layer culture suspension cage model, randomly setting different single suspension cage culture numbers, and establishing a corresponding numerical model.
And calculating the distribution of the flux of the suspended matters around the cage culture to obtain the change of the flux of the suspended matters in the water flow direction and the horizontal and vertical flow velocity direction when different scallops are placed in the net cage, and obtaining the cage spacing WA and the buoyant raft spacing LA by taking the mutual influence between the cages as the standard.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 of the present invention is a specific implementation manner of embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention, and specifically includes the following steps:
1. establishing a hydrodynamic-water quality model:
through field investigation and sampling analysis, the average flow velocity of the Wangjia island region is 0.2m/s, and the average concentration of suspended particulate matters in the water body is 16 mg/L. And establishing a hydrodynamic-water quality model by adopting a lattice Boltzmann method. Assuming that the horizontal flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration are uniformly distributed along the depth direction of water, and establishing a corresponding hydrodynamic-water quality model, the inlet flow velocity is set to be 0.2m/s, and the inlet suspended matter concentration is set to be 16000mg/m3. The range of the research area is schematically shown in fig. 2, wherein fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of the regular arrangement of the floating rafts, and fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of the staggered arrangement of the floating rafts.
The diameter D of the adopted breeding suspension cage is 0.272m, the net cage net line is 0.002m, the size of the grid is set according to the net cage net line, namely the size of the grid is set to be dx which is 0.002m, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation area of a target breeding area.
The bay scallops in the culture area are main culture organisms, form data of the bay scallops are obtained through a three-dimensional scanning technology and are input to the middle mesh cage model. The number N of the scallops placed in the net cage in a single layer is 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15, and a corresponding numerical model is established.
And obtaining the suspended matter flux field of the region through the flow field data and the suspended matter concentration data. And calculating the average flux at the distances D,2D,3D,4D,5D,6D,7D,8D,9D,10D,11D,12D,13D,14D and 15D after the water flow direction net cage. FIG. 4 is the variation of flux along the x-axis when different numbers of scallops are placed in the mesh cage, and the average value of the flux of the number of scallops at D-15D behind the mesh cage is calculated, so that the flux at 4D behind the mesh cage is the lowest, and the flux at 6D is recovered to the inlet flux (q)0＝3.2g/(s*m2) ) the same level. In order to reduce the effect on downstream flux, anThe floating rafts are arranged as many as possible, and the longitudinal distance LA is 6D.
Fig. 5 shows the flux variation in the horizontal and vertical flow velocity directions of the netpen, i.e., the flux variation trend in the y-axis direction when x is 0. In the y direction, the range of influence of the flux is WA 2.5D +2.5D 5D.
Therefore, the cage spacing WA is 5D and the raft spacing LA is 6D, based on the criteria that cages do not affect each other.
Example 4
Embodiment 3 of the invention is a method for determining reasonable single-suspension-cage cultivation number by applying the optimal arrangement method of embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention
According to WA and LA, combining the submarine topography condition of the target culture area, and carrying out regular or staggered arrangement optimization on the floating rafts; and calculating the reasonable single suspension cage cultivation number of the target cultivation area, and reasonably increasing and decreasing the single suspension cage cultivation number of the cultivation area by combining the actual situation of the target cultivation area.
The embodiment 4 of the invention provides a buoyant raft suspension cage culture planning method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
aiming at maximizing the number of cultured organisms, determining the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number and the optimal raft suspension cage arrangement mode corresponding to the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number by adopting a particle swarm algorithm;
wherein, the calculation mode of the number of the cultured organisms is as follows:
determining the arrangement mode of the floating raft cages corresponding to the cultivation number of the single cages by adopting the arrangement method of the embodiment 1-3;
based on the buoyant raft cage arrangement mode that single cage of hanging was bred the number and corresponds, calculate the target and breed the district and be in the biological quantity of breed under the single cage of hanging was bred the number specifically includes: based on the arrangement mode of the floating rafts and the cages corresponding to the breeding number of the single cages, a formula g is utilizedzCalculating the number of cultured organisms of the target culture area under the single suspension cage culture number; wherein n is the number of the layers of the cages, m is the number of the cages directly connected with each buoyant raft, p is the number of the buoyant rafts in the target culture area, and g is the number of cultured organisms of each cage, namely the number of single cage culture.
Taking the wang island floating raft culture area as an example:
the total number of scallops in the culture area is as follows: gz＝g·n·m·p
Wherein: n is the number of layers of the suspension cage;
m is the number of cages of each buoyant raft, and m is W/WA;
p is the raft number of the culture area, and p is L/LA;
g is the cultivation quantity (number) of each suspension cage.
The raft spacing LA is 6D-1.632 m, and the cage spacing WA is 5D-1.36 m.
15 single-layer net cages are cultured, and if four layers are calculated, g is 60, and the number of the suspension cage layers is 16.
When the culture area is full, the total number of scallops in the culture area
The culture density per unit area is about 433 pieces/m 2.
Example 5
The invention also provides an optimized arrangement system for floating raft and cage culture, which comprises:
and the model establishing module is used for establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow rate and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area.
And the grid model establishing module is used for carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and a cultivation biological model with the preset single-suspension cage cultivation number is arranged in the grid model.
And the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining module is used for determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the buoyant raft arrangement interval according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
The module for determining the arrangement distance of the floating rafts specifically comprises: the first measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a first measuring point at intervals of a first preset interval along the water flow direction by taking the grid model as a starting point; the first unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each first measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measuring point; the first distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each first measurement point with the first unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a first preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of first distances; and the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining submodule is used for selecting the minimum distance in the first distances as the buoyant raft arrangement interval.
The first unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule specifically includes: the flow velocity calculation unit is used for calculating the flow velocity of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow velocity of the inlet of the target culture area; the suspended matter concentration calculating unit is used for calculating the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position by utilizing the water quality numerical model according to the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area; the unit suspended matter flux calculation unit is used for calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position; and the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow at the position of the first measuring point and the unit suspended matter flow at the inlet of the target culture area as the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity of the first measuring point.
And the suspension cage arrangement distance determining module is used for determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the suspension cage arrangement distance according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
The module for determining the arrangement distance of the suspension cages specifically comprises: the second measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a second measuring point at every second preset interval along any one horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction; the second unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each second measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a second unit suspended matter flux variation of each second measuring point; the second distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each second measurement point with the second unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a second preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of second distances; and the suspension cage arrangement distance determining submodule is used for calculating 2 times of the minimum distance in the second distances to be used as the suspension cage arrangement distance.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a floating raft and cage culture optimal arrangement method and a system, wherein the arrangement method comprises the following steps: establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area respectively; carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model; determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model; and determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model. The influence range of the cages is determined by using the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model in a simulation mode, and the floating raft cages are arranged according to the influence range, so that the optimized cultivation arrangement of the floating raft cages is realized, and the situation that the arrangement density of the floating rafts exceeds the single cage cultivation number of the bearing capacity of a water area is avoided.
The invention also provides a floating raft suspension cage culture planning method, which aims at maximizing the culture quantity by adopting a particle swarm algorithm, and maximizes the culture benefit while ensuring that the arrangement density of the floating rafts does not exceed the single suspension cage culture quantity of the bearing capacity of a water area.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A floating raft and suspension cage culture optimization arrangement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow velocity and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area respectively;
carrying out networking treatment on the three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and setting a cultivation biological model with the preset cultivation number of the single suspension cages in the grid model;
determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model;
and determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
2. The method for optimally arranging the floating raft and cage culture according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a first measuring point at every first preset interval along the water flow direction by taking the grid model as a starting point;
calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each first measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a first unit suspended matter flux variable quantity of each first measuring point;
calculating the distance between each first measuring point with the first unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a first preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of first distances;
and selecting the minimum distance in the first distances as the arrangement distance of the floating rafts.
3. The raft suspension cage culture optimization arrangement method according to claim 2, wherein the calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference between each first measurement point and the inlet of the target culture zone according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measurement point specifically comprises:
calculating the flow speed of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow speed of the inlet of the target culture area;
according to the suspended matter concentration at the inlet of the target culture area, calculating the suspended matter concentration at the position of the first measuring point by using the water quality numerical model;
calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position;
and calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow of the first measuring point position and the unit suspended matter flow of the target culture area inlet as the first unit suspended matter flow variation of the first measuring point.
4. The buoyant raft and cage culture optimization arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining, according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction affected by the grid model and smaller than the second preset threshold as the cage arrangement interval specifically comprises:
setting a second measuring point at every second preset interval along any horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction;
calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each second measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a second unit suspended matter flux variable quantity of each second measuring point;
calculating the distance between each second measurement point with the second unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a second preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of second distances;
and calculating 2 times of the minimum distance in the plurality of second distances as the arrangement distance of the suspension cages.
5. A buoyant raft suspension cage culture planning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
aiming at maximizing the number of cultured organisms, determining the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number and the optimal raft suspension cage arrangement mode corresponding to the optimal single-suspension-cage culture number by adopting a particle swarm algorithm;
wherein, the calculation mode of the number of the cultured organisms is as follows:
determining the arrangement mode of the floating raft cages corresponding to the cultivation number of the single cages by adopting the arrangement method of any one of claims 1 to 4;
and calculating the number of cultured organisms in the target culture area under the single suspension cage culture number based on the arrangement mode of the floating rafts and the suspension cages corresponding to the single suspension cage culture number.
6. The buoyant raft suspension cage culture planning method according to claim 5, wherein the calculating of the number of cultured organisms in the target culture area under the single suspension cage culture number based on the buoyant raft suspension cage arrangement mode corresponding to the single suspension cage culture number specifically comprises:
based on the arrangement mode of the floating rafts and the cages corresponding to the breeding number of the single cages, a formula g is utilizedzCalculating the number of cultured organisms of the target culture area under the single suspension cage culture number;
wherein, gzFor the number of cultured organisms, n is the number of layers of the cages, m is the number of cages directly connected with each buoyant raft, p is the number of buoyant rafts in the target culture area, and g isThe number of the cultured organisms of each suspension cage, namely the number of the cultured organisms of a single suspension cage.
7. An optimal arrangement system for buoyant raft and suspension cage culture, the arrangement system comprising:
the model establishing module is used for establishing a hydrodynamic model and a water quality numerical model of the target culture area according to the flow rate and the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area;
the system comprises a grid model establishing module, a single-layer cultivation suspension cage establishing module and a single-layer cultivation suspension cage establishing module, wherein the grid model establishing module is used for performing networking processing on a three-dimensional mechanical model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage to obtain a grid model of the single-layer cultivation suspension cage, and a cultivation biological model with the preset single-layer suspension cage cultivation number is arranged in the grid model;
the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining module is used for determining the minimum distance of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a first preset threshold value as a buoyant raft arrangement interval according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model;
and the suspension cage arrangement distance determining module is used for determining 2 times of the minimum distance in the horizontal and vertical directions of the water flow direction which is influenced by the grid model and is smaller than a second preset threshold value as the suspension cage arrangement distance according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model.
8. The raft suspension cage culture optimization arrangement system of claim 7, wherein the raft arrangement interval determination module specifically comprises:
the first measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a first measuring point at intervals of a first preset interval along the water flow direction by taking the grid model as a starting point;
the first unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each first measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model to obtain a first unit suspended matter flux variation of each first measuring point;
the first distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each first measurement point with the first unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a first preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of first distances;
and the buoyant raft arrangement interval determining submodule is used for selecting the minimum distance in the first distances as the buoyant raft arrangement interval.
9. The raft and cage culture optimization arrangement system of claim 8, wherein the first unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule specifically comprises:
the flow velocity calculation unit is used for calculating the flow velocity of the position of the first measuring point by using the hydrodynamic model according to the flow velocity of the inlet of the target culture area;
the suspended matter concentration calculating unit is used for calculating the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position by utilizing the water quality numerical model according to the suspended matter concentration of the inlet of the target culture area;
the unit suspended matter flux calculation unit is used for calculating the unit suspended matter flux of the first measuring point position according to the flow speed and the suspended matter concentration of the first measuring point position;
and the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value of the unit suspended matter flow at the position of the first measuring point and the unit suspended matter flow at the inlet of the target culture area as the first unit suspended matter flow change quantity of the first measuring point.
10. The buoyant raft and cage culture optimization arrangement system of claim 7, wherein the cage arrangement interval determination module specifically comprises:
the second measuring point setting submodule is used for setting a second measuring point at every second preset interval along any one horizontal vertical direction of the water flow direction;
the second unit suspended matter flux variation calculation submodule is used for calculating a unit suspended matter flux difference value of each second measuring point and the inlet of the target culture area according to the hydrodynamic model and the water quality numerical model, and obtaining a second unit suspended matter flux variation of each second measuring point;
the second distance calculation submodule is used for calculating the distance between each second measurement point with the second unit suspended matter flux variation smaller than a second preset threshold and the grid model to obtain a plurality of second distances;
and the suspension cage arrangement distance determining submodule is used for calculating 2 times of the minimum distance in the second distances to be used as the suspension cage arrangement distance.
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| CN108549234A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-18 | 江南大学 | A kind of multiobjective optimization control method based on dynamic variate |
| CN110084418A (en) * | 2019-04-21 | 2019-08-02 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of monitoring point optimization distribution method of burst atmosphere pollution accident emergency monitoring |
| CN111209711A (en) * | 2020-01-11 | 2020-05-29 | 西南石油大学 | Water flooding reservoir optimal flow field identification method based on flow field diagnosis and clustering |
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