CN113344342A - Dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method under complex geological condition - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an 'information entropy' evaluation method of dual-mode shield adaptability under complex geological conditions, which comprises the following steps of firstly, determining the weight of factors influencing the dual-mode shield construction adaptability according to an entropy weight method; secondly, calculating the closeness of each index and the optimal (difference) scheme index, the distance between each index and an ideal index and an index evaluation reference value based on a Haiming closeness method; and finally, analyzing the dual-mode shield construction adaptability by combining a mathematical statistics method. The evaluation method can be properly adjusted according to actual engineering, the weight calculation method has more selection space, the limitation of the existing method can be overcome, the objectivity and the accuracy of the evaluation result are improved, and the method is suitable for the research on the adaptability of the shield tunnel construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel dual-mode shield construction safety, and particularly relates to a dual-mode shield adaptability evaluation method based on complex geological conditions.
Background
With the gradual deepening of the development of urban subways, the application of a shield method in subway construction projects is more and more extensive, the shield construction meets the increasing situation of composite strata, and the requirements on the safety and the timeliness of tunnel construction in China are more strict. In tunnel construction, the construction of stratums with different geological conditions is usually involved, when the construction is carried out by adopting a shield method, the tunneling modes of the shield are divided into two modes according to the hardness of the stratums, wherein one mode is a TBM mode suitable for hard rock tunneling, and the other mode is an EPB mode suitable for soft rock tunneling. In order to adapt to different stratums in the construction process of the complex stratum, shield modes of different modes need to be replaced, the dual-mode conversion shield mode of the TBM-EPB is developed, the conversion of the tunneling mode at the interface of the soft and hard stratums is realized, the consumption of a cutter head and a cutter can be reduced, the tunneling efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction period is greatly shortened. In order to safely, effectively and economically solve the construction key problems of shield tunneling attitude control, influence control on the surrounding environment, hard rock breaking of soft and hard interbed and the like under the condition of a complex stratum, the adaptability of the dual-mode shield needs to be analyzed.
At present, the research on shield construction adaptability mainly adopts an analytic hierarchy process comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method or a comparative analysis, curve fitting, statistical regression and other methods to analyze according to actual construction monitoring data so as to determine the shield construction adaptability, but the analysis by using the methods has certain subjectivity or can only reflect the relationship between single factors. The adaptability evaluation is carried out by adopting an analytic hierarchy process comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method, experts are required to carry out pairwise comparison on the same-level elements according to experience, insight and the like, the relative importance of each element is judged, then weight calculation is carried out, and subjective judgment is biased; according to actual monitoring data, a contrast analysis method is adopted to compare the tunneling parameter changes, the energy consumption conditions and the like of different geological sections and different mode sections in detail, so that the adaptability of the dual-mode shield under the condition of a composite stratum compared with a single-mode shield is obtained; the curve fitting and statistical regression method analyzes the relationship between shield tunneling efficiency and factors such as cutterhead thrust and cutterhead torque by using data collected on site to obtain a regression analysis curve, wherein the curve can only reflect the relationship between the tunneling efficiency and the cutterhead thrust or the relationship between the tunneling efficiency and the cutterhead torque, and the influence degree of the cutterhead torque and the cutterhead thrust on the tunneling efficiency cannot be determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an 'information entropy' evaluation method aiming at the shield construction of a tunnel in a complex stratum and the shield tunneling mode conversion adaptability, thereby determining the adaptability of the dual-mode shield construction in the complex stratum and improving the safety and the economical efficiency of the engineering. In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows:
an 'information entropy' evaluation method of dual-mode shield adaptability based on complex geological conditions comprises the following steps:
A. determining evaluation indexes affecting the adaptability of the dual-mode shield;
B. determining the weight of each influence factor based on an information entropy evaluation method, constructing an index weighting standard matrix, and determining an optimal scheme index and a worst scheme index;
b1, constructing an evaluation matrix based on an entropy weight method theory;
b2, standardizing the evaluation matrix X and processing a dimensionless matrix to obtain a matrix R;
b3, operating the matrix R of the standardized and dimensionless processing, and obtaining the entropy E of the ith evaluation index according to the operationi；
B4, calculating the entropy weight of the ith index, namely the factor weight wi；
B5, multiplying the weight of the factor with the matrix R to construct an evaluation index weighting specification matrix S;
b6, determining an optimal scheme index A + and a worst scheme index A-, wherein the optimal scheme index is formed by the weighted maximum value of each index, and the worst scheme index is formed by the weighted minimum value of each index;
C. determining the closeness between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes, calculating the distance between each factor and the ideal index, and determining the evaluation reference value of each index;
D. analyzing and evaluating actual tunneling parameters;
E. and analyzing the adaptability of the dual-mode shield construction.
Further, the step C includes:
c1, calculating the closeness of each index to the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index according to the Hamming closeness method, and determining the distance between each index and the ideal index, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
c2, solving the evaluation reference value of each index, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
n (S, A): weighting the closeness of the standard matrix data and the scheme index;
s: evaluating an index weighting standard matrix;
Sij: the j data of the ith evaluation index;
n: data to be evaluated of each evaluation index;
a: a scheme index;
Ai: a scenario index of the ith evaluation index;
A+: the optimal scheme index is the maximum value of each index in the weighting standard matrix;
A-: the worst scheme index is the minimum value of each index in the weighting standard matrix;
d+: evaluating the distance between the index and the optimal scheme index;
d-: evaluating the distance between the index and the worst scheme index;
ci: index evaluation reference value.
And step E, comparing an analysis result obtained by combining an entropy weight method, a closeness degree and a mathematical statistics method with an actual construction monitoring result of the project, and analyzing the adaptability of the double-mode shield construction.
Further, the step D includes: and analyzing the determined evaluation reference values of all indexes, and analyzing the actual tunneling parameters of the indexes with the maximum evaluation reference values by combining a mathematical statistics method.
Further, the step A comprises analyzing basic tunneling parameters of the shield machine in the dual-mode shield construction process by combining actual engineering geological conditions, surrounding environments and the like, and determining indexes for evaluating the adaptability of the dual-mode shield.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the method adopts the information entropy theory to analyze each evaluation index, and can judge the utility value of each index on the shield adaptability influence according to historical data.
The method determines the weight of each factor through an entropy weight method, can reflect the discrete degree of each index in actual construction, determines the closeness of each index and an ideal index by combining a Haiming closeness calculation method, and further determines the distance between each index and the ideal index and an index evaluation reference value, so that the calculation method is more flexible, the result is more direct and objective, the deviation caused by human factors is effectively avoided, and the accuracy is higher.
The establishment of the dual-mode shield construction adaptability evaluation model based on the information entropy theory can properly eliminate factors with small influence on the determined evaluation indexes, and the actual tunneling data is processed by combining a mathematical statistics method, so that the adaptability analysis is more convenient, and the redundant workload is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the dual-mode conversion shield construction adaptability analysis in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of the rotation speed of the shield tunneling cutterhead of the ring shield 120-150 on the right line of the wind reserving section in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a torque change curve diagram of a ring shield tunneling shield from 210 to 240 on the right line of a wind retention section in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments thereof are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an "information entropy" evaluation method of dual-mode shield adaptability based on complex geological conditions, including:
the method comprises the following steps: determining evaluation indexes affecting the adaptability of the dual-mode shield;
the basic tunneling parameters of the shield machine in the dual-mode shield construction process are analyzed mainly by combining actual engineering geological conditions, surrounding environments and the like, and indexes for evaluating the adaptability of the dual-mode shield are determined.
Step two: determining the weight of each influence factor based on an information entropy evaluation method, constructing an index weighting standard matrix, and determining an optimal scheme index and a worst scheme index;
step three: determining the closeness between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes, calculating the distance between each factor and the ideal index, and determining the evaluation reference value of each index;
step four: analyzing and evaluating actual tunneling parameters;
the method mainly analyzes the determined evaluation reference values of all indexes, analyzes the actual tunneling parameters of the indexes with the maximum evaluation reference values by combining a mathematical statistics method, and analyzes the adaptability of each index according to the obtained evaluation reference values of all indexes.
Step five: and analyzing the adaptability of the dual-mode shield construction. Specifically, the analysis result obtained by combining the entropy weight method, the closeness and the mathematical statistics method is compared with the actual construction monitoring result of the project, and the adaptability condition of the double-mode shield construction is analyzed.
Determining the weight of each influence factor based on an information entropy evaluation method, constructing an index weighting standard matrix, determining an optimal scheme index and a worst scheme index, accurately analyzing objective data by adopting an entropy weight method, respectively determining the influence weight of each evaluation index influencing TBM construction adaptability and EPB construction adaptability, and combining the weights to construct an evaluation index weighting standard matrix and determine the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index. The entropy weight method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and constructing an evaluation matrix based on an entropy weight method theory. If m indexes are selected for evaluation and n data to be evaluated exist, n groups of data to be evaluated and m indexes corresponding to the data to be evaluated form an m multiplied by n evaluation index characteristic value matrix X, which is shown as a formula (1):
the second step is that: and (3) carrying out standardization and dimensionless matrix processing on the evaluation matrix X to obtain a matrix R, which is shown as a formula (2):
wherein when r isijWhen (i ═ 1,2,. cndot., m; j ═ 1,2,. cndot., n) is a forward direction index:
when r isij(i-1, 2, m, j-1, 2, n) is a negative indicator:
the third step: operating the matrix R of the standardized and dimensionless processing, and obtaining the entropy E of the ith evaluation index according to the operationiThe operation formula is shown in formula (5) and formula (6):
wherein PijMeans that in the j comprehensive state, the i factor accounts for the proportion of the index, and when P isijWhen equal to 0, define PijlnPij0 ≤ Ei≤1。
The fourth step: calculating the entropy weight of the i-th index, i.e. the factor weight wiAs shown in formula (7):
the fifth step: multiplying the weight of the factor with a matrix R to construct an evaluation index weighting specification matrix S, wherein the formula (8) is as follows:
Si＝wi×rij (8)
and a sixth step: determining an optimal solution index A+And worst case index A-. The optimal scheme index is composed of the weighted maximum value of each index, and the optimal scheme index is composed of the weighted maximum values of all the indexesThe difference scheme index is composed of the weighted minimum of each index.
And step three, determining the closeness between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes, calculating the distance between each factor and the ideal indexes, determining the evaluation reference value of each index, determining the closeness between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes based on a Haiming closeness calculation method, and calculating the distance between each index and the ideal indexes and the index evaluation reference value according to the obtained closeness. The index evaluation reference value determination step is as follows:
the first step is as follows: calculating the closeness of each index to the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index according to a Haiming closeness method, and determining the distance between each index and an ideal index, wherein the calculation formulas are shown as formulas (10) and (11):
the second step is that: evaluating reference values of all indexes, and calculating a formula as shown in formula (12):
the construction method is explained by combining with a shield construction example between Shenzhen subway No. 13 line wind staying regions, the geological conditions of the project are complex, and a TBM-EPB dual-mode conversion shield construction method is adopted. The problem of low tunneling efficiency is easy to occur during tunneling in a composite stratum, and the tunneling parameters are frequently required to be continuously adjusted to adapt to stratum conditions, so that the tunneling efficiency is selected as an evaluation index, and the three tunneling parameters such as thrust, torque, cutter head rotating speed and the like are subjected to adaptive analysis. The engineering shield machine has the design rated torque of 6080 kN.m, the difficulty removal torque of 7300 kN.m, the maximum rotating speed of 5.5r/min and the maximum thrust of 5060T. The right TBM tunneling parameter of the tidying wind-staying interval is shown in Table 1, and the entropy weight method is adopted to determine each index weight, and the method comprises the following steps:
table 1 shows the tunneling parameters of the right TBM in the windage area
(1) And (4) combining 31 groups of data of the collected and sorted 3 evaluation indexes to construct an entropy weight method evaluation matrix X.
(2) According to the TBM tunneling parameter table of the right line of the wind remaining interval, carrying out standardization and dimensionless processing to obtain a tunneling parameter standardization table, and further constructing a standardization matrix R, wherein the tunneling parameter standardization table is shown as a table 2:
table 2 left wind interval right TBM tunneling parameter standardization table
(3) Calculating the i-th factor in the index proportion and the entropy value E according to the formula (5) and the formula (6)iObtaining:
Ei＝(E1,E2,E3)＝(0.9581,0.9647,0.8122)
(4) and calculating the weight of each factor. And calculating the factor weight according to a weight formula (7) to obtain:
wi＝(w1,w2,w3)＝(0.1581,0.1332,0.7087)
(5) multiplying the weight of the factors with the matrix which is subjected to the corresponding standardization and dimensionless processing according to the formula (8) to obtain a tunneling parameter weighting normalization table, and further constructing a weighting normalization matrix S, wherein the tunneling parameter weighting normalization table is shown as a table 3:
table 3 is a right TBM tunneling parameter weighting normalization table of the wind remaining section
(6) Determining the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index according to table 3 as follows:
(7) calculating the closeness of each index to the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index and the distance between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes according to the formula (10) and the formula (11) to obtain:
N(S,A+)＝(0.9125,0.9374,0.5336)
N(S,A-)＝(0.9295,0.9293,0.7577)
d+＝(0.0875,0.0626,0.4664)
d-＝(0.0705,0.0707,0.2423)
(8) calculating an index evaluation reference value according to formula (12) to obtain:
ci＝(c1,c2,c3)＝(0.5539,0.4696,0.6581)
in the same way, the 210-240-ring EPB tunneling parameters are calculated and analyzed, and entropy values, weights and evaluation reference values of all factors during the conversion of the TBM into the EPB construction can be obtained, wherein the entropy values, the weights and the evaluation reference values are respectively as follows:
Ei＝(E1,E2,E3)＝(0.9388,0.9419,0.9700)
wi＝(w1,w2,w3)＝(0.4101,0.3893,0.2006)
ci＝(c1,c2,c3)＝(0.4669,0.5182,0.5162)
(9) calculating based on an entropy weight method and a hamming closeness degree to obtain that the evaluation reference value of the cutter head rotating speed is the largest during TBM construction, the shield thrust evaluation reference value is the next to the shield thrust evaluation reference value, and the shield torque evaluation reference value is the smallest, namely the shield torque has the highest adaptability degree to TBM construction efficiency and the cutter head rotating speed has the lowest adaptability; the evaluation reference value of the shield torque is the largest during EPB construction, the rotating speed of the cutter head is the second time, and the evaluation reference value of the shield thrust is the smallest. And (3) processing and analyzing the rotation speed data of the engineering actually-measured TBM construction cutter head and the EPB construction shield torque data by adopting a mathematical statistical method, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3.
The maximum rotating speed designed by the engineering shield machine is 5.5r/min, the rated torque is 6080 kN.m, and the escaping torque is 7300 kN.m, as can be seen from figures 2 and 3, when traversing complex mixed stratum, the rotating speed of a cutter head is mainly concentrated between 3-3.5 r/min during TBM construction, and the shield torque is mainly concentrated between (1.5-2.5) x 10 during EPB construction6Between N and m, the maximum value and the minimum value of the interval torque are respectively 3.3 multiplied by 106N·m、0.891×106N m, all meet the design of the shield machine. In a hard rock stratum, the cutter head is seriously abraded due to high rock hardness, the penetration degree of the cutter head is small at the moment, so that the abrasion to the cutter head is reduced, meanwhile, in order to ensure the propelling speed, the rotating speed of the cutter head is increased so as to meet the requirement of normal propelling speed under the condition of ensuring low penetration degree, and the construction efficiency is highest when the rotating speed of the cutter head is between 3 and 3.5r/min during the TBM tunneling, so that the optimal construction effect is achieved; the shield torque is required to be changed constantly for adapting to the stratum, the shield torque is small during the construction of the engineering EPB mode, the problems that cutters are unreasonably equipped and the cutters are abraded in the shield tunneling process are small, the risk of mud cake formation of the cutter head is effectively avoided, and the shield torque is (1.5-3.2) multiplied by 10 during the tunneling of the engineering EPB mode6The shield machine has the highest construction efficiency and the optimal construction effect when the shield machine is between N and m. Therefore, the dual-mode conversion shield construction mode of the TBM-EPB is suitable for the project.
The invention constructs a dual-mode shield construction adaptability evaluation model based on an information entropy theory, and firstly, determining the weight of factors influencing dual-mode shield construction adaptability according to an entropy weight method; secondly, calculating the closeness of each index and the optimal (difference) scheme index, the distance between each index and an ideal index and an index evaluation reference value based on a Haiming closeness method; and finally, analyzing the dual-mode shield construction adaptability by combining a mathematical statistics method. The evaluation method can be properly adjusted according to actual engineering, the weight calculation method has more selection space, the limitation of the existing method can be overcome, the objectivity and the accuracy of the evaluation result are improved, and the method is suitable for the research on the adaptability of the shield tunnel construction.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method under complex geological conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. determining evaluation indexes affecting the adaptability of the dual-mode shield;
B. determining the weight of each influence factor based on an information entropy evaluation method, constructing an index weighting standard matrix, and determining an optimal scheme index and a worst scheme index;
b1, constructing an evaluation matrix based on an entropy weight method theory;
b2, standardizing the evaluation matrix X and processing a dimensionless matrix to obtain a matrix R;
b3, operating the matrix R of the standardized and dimensionless processing, and obtaining the entropy E of the ith evaluation index according to the operationi；
B4, calculating the entropy weight of the ith index, namely the factor weight wi；
B5, multiplying the weight of the factor with the matrix R to construct an evaluation index weighting specification matrix S;
b6, determining an optimal scheme index A + and a worst scheme index A-, wherein the optimal scheme index is formed by the weighted maximum value of each index, and the worst scheme index is formed by the weighted minimum value of each index;
C. determining the closeness between each index and the positive and negative ideal indexes, calculating the distance between each factor and the ideal index, and determining the evaluation reference value of each index;
D. analyzing and evaluating actual tunneling parameters;
E. and analyzing the adaptability of the dual-mode shield construction.
2. The dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step C comprises the following steps:
c1, calculating the closeness of each index to the optimal scheme index and the worst scheme index according to the Hamming closeness method, and determining the distance between each index and the ideal index, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
c2, solving the evaluation reference value of each index, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
n (S, A): weighting the closeness of the standard matrix data and the scheme index;
s: evaluating an index weighting standard matrix;
Sij: the j data of the ith evaluation index;
a: a scheme index;
Ai: a scenario index of the ith evaluation index;
A+: the optimal scheme index is the maximum value of each index in the weighting standard matrix;
A-: the worst scheme index is the minimum value of each index in the weighting standard matrix;
d+: evaluating the distance between the index and the optimal scheme index;
d-: evaluating the distance between the index and the worst scheme index;
ci: index evaluation reference value.
3. The dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method based on complex geological conditions, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and E, comparing an analysis result obtained by combining an entropy weight method, a proximity and a mathematical statistic method with an actual construction monitoring result of the project, and analyzing the adaptability condition of the double-mode shield construction.
4. The dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method based on complex geological conditions, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step D comprises the following steps: and analyzing the determined evaluation reference values of all indexes, and analyzing the actual tunneling parameters of the indexes with the maximum evaluation reference values by combining a mathematical statistics method.
5. The dual-mode shield adaptability 'information entropy' evaluation method based on complex geological conditions, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the step A comprises analyzing basic tunneling parameters of a shield machine in a dual-mode shield construction process by combining actual engineering geological conditions, surrounding environments and the like, and determining indexes for evaluating the dual-mode shield adaptability.
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| CN110378574A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-25 | 山东大学 | Submerged tunnel Pressure Shield Tunnel face stability evaluation method, system and equipment |
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