CN113343343B - Rock slope stability evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock slope stability evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: s01, drawing a base circle; s02, drawing a slope surface bare projection arc line in a base circle; s03, drawing a stable level partition in a base circle; s04, drawing an arc line of the right-angle projection of all the structural surfaces in the base circle; s05, finding out intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces and the middle point of the right-angle projection arc of the structural surface; s06, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where the midpoints of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, finding out the structural surface or a cutting body with the least adverse stability on the side slope, and determining the stability level of the side slope according to the stable level partitions. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, when stability analysis is carried out on the rock slope, the evaluation result is not objective and the evaluation process is complex.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock slope stability evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of slope stability evaluation.
Background
The evaluation of the slope stability is an important decision basis for slope design, slope stability state discrimination, slope reinforcement and treatment and prevention of geological disasters. In the prior art, a red-flat projection method is generally adopted to evaluate the stability of a rock slope.
The traditional bare eye projection method is to carry out bare eye projection analysis on the combination of structural surfaces, calculate and find out the structural surface or intersection line with the greatest influence on the stability of the slope, and further obtain the stability evaluation conclusion of the slope. For example, fig. 1 shows a conventional red-flat projection method for analyzing the stability evaluation process of the slope 1 of the structure surface of the 4 groups, according to a combination formula, the analysis of the structure surface of the 4 groups is performed to obtain 6 analysis charts, no conclusion of the stability of the slope 1 is given in fig. 1, no occurrence of a crossing line is given, and the stability evaluation conclusion of the slope 1 can be obtained only by manually analyzing, measuring and finding the structure surface or the crossing line which has the greatest influence on the stability of the slope 1 from the 6 analysis charts. After manual analysis, measurement and comparison, the inclination of a cutting line formed by the tangency of the J0 structural surface and the J2 structural surface is about 230 degrees, the inclination angle is about 30 degrees, the inclination angle between the cutting line and the side slope is 15 degrees, the inclination angle is small, the inclination angle is large, and the stability evaluation of the side slope No. 1 is unstable.
However, the conventional red flat projection method has the following problems:
1) When the traditional barefoot projection method is used for evaluating the hard rock slope, only structural faces can be combined in pairs for barefoot projection analysis, only the relation that the included angle between the structural faces and the inclination of the cutting lines and the inclination of the slope influences the stability of the slope is considered, and the relation that the inclination of the structural faces and the inclination of the cutting lines influences the stability of the slope is not considered, so that the method is obviously unreasonable. Because the included angles between the two structural surfaces and the slope direction are the same, one structural surface is a small inclination angle, and the other structural surface is a large inclination angle, the conventional red-flat projection analysis method evaluates the structural surfaces to be of the same level, and is not in line with the normal theory, and obviously, under the condition that the two inclination angles are smaller than the slope angle, the structural surface with the small inclination angle has much better stability than the structural surface with the large inclination angle. In addition, when the stability grade of the slope is evaluated by traditional red and flat projection analysis, the slope is classified according to the included angle between the structural surface and the slope direction, the included angle is not more than 30 degrees and is an unstable grade, the included angle is not more than 30 degrees and not more than 60 degrees, the included angle is a basic stable grade, and the included angle is more than 60 degrees and is a stable grade. The disadvantage of this classification method is that the important factors influencing the slope stability, such as the inclination of the structural surface and the intersection line, are not involved in the classification. Therefore, the conventional red-flat projection method has the problem of objectivity in evaluation of the stability of the rock slope.
2) Under the condition of a plurality of groups of structural surfaces, the traditional red-flat projection analysis method has the advantages of complex analysis process, non-visual analysis result and manual secondary analysis to obtain the evaluation conclusion of slope stability. As described in engineering geological handbook (2007 of China construction industry Press version IV) 880-882, the method of red-plain projection only describes two groups of structural surface analysis. In nature, because the geological structure has different motion degrees, the number of structural faces in the same slope body is uncertain, and often more than two groups are adopted, for example, under the condition that 5 groups of structural faces exist, according to the method for bare-flat projection introduced in engineering geological handbook, projection analysis is required to be carried out on every two groups of structural faces, and according to a combination formulaThe calculation is carried out by 12 combinations, namely 12 analysis graphs and 12 analysis results, and engineering technicians are required to find out the analysis result which is the least favorable for the slope stability from the 12 analysis results so as to evaluate the slope stability, and the evaluation process is complex.
In summary, the prior art has the problems that the evaluation result is not objective and the evaluation process is complex when the stability analysis is performed on the rock slope.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a rock slope stability evaluation method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating stability of a rock slope, the method comprising the steps of:
s01, drawing a base circle;
s02, drawing a slope surface bare projection arc line in a base circle;
s03, drawing a stable level partition in a base circle;
s04, drawing an arc line of the right-angle projection of all the structural surfaces in the base circle;
s05, finding out intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces and the middle point of the right-angle projection arc of the structural surface;
s06, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where the midpoints of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, finding out the structural surface or a cutting body with the least adverse stability on the side slope, and determining the stability level of the side slope according to the stable level partitions.
Further, the method for drawing the stable level partition in step S03 is as follows:
s03-1, drawing a tendency line of a slope surface bare projection arc line;
s03-2, determining a maximum inclination arc according to the inclination angle of the side slope;
s03-3, determining trend partition lines on two sides of trend line
S03-4, determining a minimum inclination arc;
s03-5, taking a closed area surrounded by the arc lines and the partition lines in the steps S03-2, S03-3 and S03-4 as a stable level partition.
Further, the partitioning of the stability level partition includes a three-way method and a four-way method;
wherein the three-way stable level partition comprises an unstable region, a basic stable region and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 30 degrees;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: other ranges of the basic stable region and the unstable region are removed for the base circle;
wherein the quartering stable level partition includes an unstable region, an understable region, a basic stable region, and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 40 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 25 degrees;
understable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 45 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is an understable region;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing an unstable region and an unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: other ranges for the unstable region, the understable region, and the substantially stable region are removed from the base circle.
Further, the method further comprises: sequencing all the structural surfaces and intersection lines from large to small according to the adverse coefficients, and finding out the structural surface or intersection line with the largest adverse coefficient to determine the stability level of the slope, wherein the computing method of the adverse coefficient comprises the following steps:
k＝A/α；
wherein k represents a disadvantageous coefficient, A represents a structural face inclination angle or a cutting line inclination angle, and alpha represents an included angle of a structural face and a slope direction or an included angle of a cutting line and a slope direction.
Further, the calculation method of the distance from the midpoint of the right-angle projection arc line of the structural surface to the center of the base circle comprises the following steps:
d＝R×tan((90－A)÷2)；
wherein d is the distance from the midpoint of the structural surface to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the structural surface. Further, the calculation method of the inclination angle of the intersection line comprises the following steps:
A＝90-2×arctan(d÷R)；
wherein d is the distance from the intersection point to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the intersection line.
Further, the method further comprises:
s07, predicting the initial collapse direction, namely, predicting the initial collapse direction of the structural surface and the cutting body with the least adverse stability of the side slope by taking a ray passing through the center of a base circle from the intersection point of the midpoint of the structural surface and the intersection point of the intersection line as the initial direction.
Further, the step S03-1 further includes: and drawing a slope indicating line on the slope surface bare projection arc line.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the method, aiming at the situation of multiple structural planes, as the bare projection arcs of the multiple structural planes can be projected on the same base circle at the same time, all the bare projection arcs of the structural planes are provided with inclination angle and inclination information, and meanwhile, the intersection points of the bare projection arcs of all the structural planes are also provided with inclination angle and inclination information of intersection lines, the base circle is divided into a plurality of areas with different stability levels by the stability level subareas, and the stability level of the structural planes or the intersection lines can be judged only by judging the stability level subareas where the intersection points of the bare projection arcs and the midpoints of the structural planes fall.
2) The invention draws the stable level subareas through steps S03-1 to S03-5, so that different structural planes or delivery lines correspond to specific stable level subareas;
3) According to the invention, the stability level is divided into three levels and four levels by a three-division method and a four-division method so as to adapt to the requirements of different areas;
4) According to the method, the adverse coefficients of the structural surface and the cutting line on the slope stability are obtained, the adverse coefficients are ordered from large to small, the structural surface or the cutting line with the largest adverse coefficient is selected as the basis for evaluating the slope stability level according to the barrel principle, and meanwhile the adverse coefficients take the inclination angle and the included angle into consideration, so that evaluation is more objective;
5) The invention can predict the initial collapse direction of the cutting body and the structural surface through the step S07, and provides basis for preventing geological disasters and protecting the life and property safety of people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for evaluating stability of 4 groups of structural surfaces in the background of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the process of the invention for stability evaluation of 4 sets of structural surfaces using a dichotomy;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of the invention for stability evaluation of 4 sets of structural surfaces using the quartering method;
FIG. 4 is a three-way hierarchical diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a quartile hierarchy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Implementation example 1: referring to fig. 2 to 5, in order to solve the problems of non objective evaluation results and complex evaluation process in the stability analysis of a rock slope in the prior art, the invention provides a rock slope stability evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
s01, drawing a base circle;
s02, drawing a slope surface bare projection arc line in a base circle;
s03, drawing a stable level partition in a base circle;
s04, drawing an arc line of the right-angle projection of all the structural surfaces in the base circle;
s05, finding out intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces and the middle point of the right-angle projection arc of the structural surface;
s06, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where the midpoints of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, finding out the structural surface or a cutting body with the least adverse stability on the side slope, and determining the stability level of the side slope according to the stable level partitions.
In order to make different slopes correspond to a specific stable level partition, further, the method for drawing the stable level partition in step S03 is as follows:
s03-1, drawing a tendency line of a slope surface bare projection arc line;
s03-2, determining a maximum inclination arc according to the inclination angle of the side slope;
s03-3, determining trend partition lines on two sides of trend line
S03-4, determining a minimum inclination arc;
s03-5, taking a closed area surrounded by the arc lines and the partition lines in the steps S03-2, S03-3 and S03-4 as a stable level partition.
Further, in order to adapt to the requirements of different areas, the division of the stable level partition comprises a three-division method and a four-division method;
wherein the three-way stable level partition comprises an unstable region, a basic stable region and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 30 degrees;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: other ranges of the basic stable region and the unstable region are removed for the base circle;
wherein the quartering stable level partition includes an unstable region, an understable region, a basic stable region, and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 40 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 25 degrees;
understable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 45 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is an understable region;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing an unstable region and an unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: other ranges for the unstable region, the understable region, and the substantially stable region are removed from the base circle.
Three-way hierarchical table corresponding to FIG. 4
The quartering method classification table corresponds to FIG. 5
In order to quantify the risk of the slope and make the evaluation more objective, the method further comprises: sequencing all the structural surfaces and intersection lines from large to small according to the adverse coefficients, and finding out the structural surface or intersection line with the largest adverse coefficient to determine the stability level of the slope, wherein the computing method of the adverse coefficient comprises the following steps:
k＝A/α；
wherein k represents a disadvantageous coefficient, A represents a structural face inclination angle or a cutting line inclination angle, and alpha represents an included angle of a structural face and a slope direction or an included angle of a cutting line and a slope direction.
In order to obtain the distance from the intersection point of the structural surface and the inclined line to the center of the base circle, further, the calculation method of the distance from the midpoint of the right-angle projection arc line of the structural surface to the center of the base circle comprises the following steps:
d＝R×tan((90－A)÷2)；
wherein d is the distance from the midpoint of the structural surface to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the structural surface.
Further, in order to obtain the inclination angle of the intersecting line, the calculation method of the inclination angle of the intersecting line is as follows:
A＝90-2×arctan(d÷R)；
wherein d is the distance from the intersection point to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the intersection line.
In order to predict the initial collapse direction of the structural surface or the cutting body and provide basis for treating geological disasters, the method further comprises the following steps: s07, predicting the initial collapse direction of the cutting body and the structural surface with the least adverse stability of the side slope, wherein the method is that a ray passing through the center of a base circle is made from the intersection point of the midpoint of the structural surface and the intersection point of the intersection line, and the azimuth angle of the intersection point of the ray and the base circle on the base circle is the initial collapse direction.
Further, the step S03-1 further includes: drawing slope indication line on slope surface bare projection arc line
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A rock slope stability evaluation method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, drawing a base circle;
s02, drawing a slope surface bare projection arc line in a base circle;
s03, drawing a stable level partition in a base circle;
s04, drawing an arc line of the right-angle projection of all the structural surfaces in the base circle;
s05, finding out intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces and the middle point of the right-angle projection arc of the structural surface;
s06, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where intersection points of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, checking the stable level partitions in the base circle where the midpoints of the right-angle projection arcs of all the structural surfaces are located, finding out the structural surface or a cutting body with the least adverse stability on the side slope, and determining the stability level of the side slope according to the stable level partitions;
the method for drawing the stable-level partition in the step S03 is as follows:
s03-1, drawing a tendency line of a slope surface bare projection arc line;
s03-2, determining a maximum inclination arc according to the inclination angle of the side slope;
s03-3, determining trend partition lines on two sides of trend line
S03-4, determining a minimum inclination arc;
s03-5, taking a closed area surrounded by the arc lines and the partition lines in the steps S03-2, S03-3 and S03-4 as a stable level partition;
the division of the stable level partition comprises a three-division method and a four-division method;
wherein the three-way stable level partition comprises an unstable region, a basic stable region and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 30 degrees;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: other ranges of the basic stable region and the unstable region are removed for the base circle;
wherein the quartering stable level partition includes an unstable region, an understable region, a basic stable region, and a stable region, when the stable level partition is drawn:
unstable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 40 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 25 degrees;
understable region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is greater than or equal to 25 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 45 degrees, and the range of removing the unstable region in the boundary closed region is an understable region;
basic stability region: the maximum inclination angle is equal to the slope angle, the minimum inclination angle is equal to or greater than 15 degrees, the included angle between the inclined partition lines on two sides and the inclined line of the slope is 60 degrees, and the range of removing an unstable region and an unstable region in the boundary closed region is a basic stable region;
stabilization zone: removing the unstable region, the understable region and other ranges of the basic stable region from the base circle;
the method further comprises the steps of: sequencing all the structural surfaces and intersection lines from large to small according to the adverse coefficients, and finding out the structural surface or intersection line with the largest adverse coefficient to determine the stability level of the slope, wherein the computing method of the adverse coefficient comprises the following steps:
k＝A/α；
wherein k represents a disadvantageous coefficient, A represents a structural face inclination angle or a cutting line inclination angle, and alpha represents an included angle of a structural face and a slope direction or an included angle of a cutting line and a slope direction.
2. The rock slope stability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the distance from the midpoint of the right-angle projection arc of the structural surface to the center of the base circle is as follows:
d＝R×tan((90－A)÷2)；
wherein d is the distance from the midpoint of the structural surface to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the structural surface.
3. The method for evaluating the stability of a rock slope according to claim 2, wherein the method for calculating the inclination angle of the intersecting line is as follows:
A＝90-2×arctan(d÷R)；
wherein d is the distance from the intersection point to the base circle, R is the radius of the base circle, and A is the inclination angle of the intersection line.
4. The method for evaluating the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, further comprising:
s07, predicting the initial collapse direction, namely, predicting the initial collapse direction of the structural surface and the cutting body with the least adverse stability of the side slope by taking a ray passing through the center of a base circle from the intersection point of the midpoint of the structural surface and the intersection point of the intersection line as the initial direction.
5. The method for evaluating the stability of a rock slope according to claim 1, wherein the step S03-1 further comprises: and drawing a slope indicating line on the slope surface bare projection arc line.
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