CN113340575A - Pressure-bearing testing mechanism - Google Patents

Pressure-bearing testing mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113340575A
CN113340575A CN202110484134.5A CN202110484134A CN113340575A CN 113340575 A CN113340575 A CN 113340575A CN 202110484134 A CN202110484134 A CN 202110484134A CN 113340575 A CN113340575 A CN 113340575A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
platform
pressure
bearing
test
lower platform
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Pending
Application number
CN202110484134.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏忠武
谢峰
王帅
李广良
董金刚
杨辉
张江
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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Priority to CN202110484134.5A priority Critical patent/CN113340575A/en
Publication of CN113340575A publication Critical patent/CN113340575A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure-bearing testing mechanism which is mainly used for a test for testing the pressure-bearing capacity of a test piece. The testing device belongs to the field of structural performance testing technology and structural mechanics, and is characterized in that during testing, a hand wheel at the upper part of a screw rod is adjusted, and when the screw rod rotates upwards, an upper platform is pulled to move upwards through a top block and a bearing seat, so that the height of a lower platform is increased, and a piece to be tested can be placed conveniently; when the screw rotates downwards, the upper platform is pushed to move downwards slowly by the ejector block and the thrust bearing, the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the pressure spring is improved, so that the gradual pressurizing process of the measuring piece is realized; the pressure spring converts the change of the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform into the downward pressure change of the lower platform, the pressure change is the bearing change of the test piece, and the bearing change of the test piece is displayed and collected by pulling the pressure sensor.

Description

Pressure-bearing testing mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressure-bearing testing mechanism, which is used for a test for measuring the pressure-bearing capacity of a test piece and belongs to the field of structural performance testing technology and structural mechanics.
Background
The wood beam bearing test is that under the condition of limiting the use range of materials (wood strips and glue) and limiting the design size, the quality and the like of the wood beam, a self-designed and spliced mechanism is adopted, the wood beam bearing capacity is measured, and the performance of the designed wood beam is judged through the bearing mass comparison.
The structure of the existing wood beam pressure-bearing test platform is shown in fig. 4, the test platform is mainly divided into a fixed platform and a movable platform, the fixed platform mainly comprises a test platform surface 104, a fixed guide rod 105 and a bottom plate 108, the movable platform mainly comprises a pressure plate 101, a movable guide rod 102 and a loading platform 107, wherein the loading platform can slide up and down along the fixed guide rail, and the movable guide rod passes through the test platform surface and can slide up and down. During testing, the designed wooden beams 103 are placed on a testing table board, and the load bearing capacity of the designed wooden beams is tested in a mode of adding weight plates 106 on the loading table board. The test platform has three obvious defects, one of which is that the stress of the fixed guide rod is pressure when the test is carried out, and the design size is larger for the phenomenon of instability of the pressure rod when the test platform is placed, so that the structural size of the whole test platform is increased, and the test platform is inconvenient to carry; secondly, because the mechanism is loaded by adding a fixed weight tray, the bearing capacity of the wooden beam is difficult to continuously test, and the measuring interval is changed in a step manner; thirdly, the test platform needs to be equipped with a large number of weight plates, and a specially-assigned person may be responsible for carrying the weight plates during the test, so that the operation is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects in the prior art are overcome, the pressure-bearing testing mechanism is provided, and continuous pressurization of a test piece is realized through the adjusting platform.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a pressure bearing test mechanism, the mechanism comprising: the device comprises a lower frame, a test board, a guide rod, an upper platform, a lower platform, an upper slide block, a lower slide block, a hand wheel, a screw rod, a nut seat, a thrust bearing, a bearing seat, a jacking block, a pressure spring, a tension pressure sensor and a pressure plate;
the test board is placed on the lower frame, a test piece is placed on the test board, two ends of four guide rods are fixedly arranged on the lower frame and the upper frame through guide rod fixing blocks respectively, the lower sliding blocks and the upper sliding blocks sequentially penetrate through the guide rods, the four lower sliding blocks are used for supporting the lower platform, the four upper sliding blocks are used for supporting the upper platform, the upper platform and the lower platform can both slide up and down along the guide rods, and the upper platform is parallel to the lower platform; the bearing seat is arranged above the upper platform, a thrust bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, and a top block is arranged on the thrust bearing; the nut seat is fixed on the upper frame, the hand wheel is connected with one end of the screw rod, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the nut seat to be connected with the jacking block; the lower platform is connected with the upper platform through a pressure spring; the pressure plate is positioned below the lower platform and is connected with the lower platform through a pulling pressure sensor; the screw can push the upper platform to move up and down;
during testing, when the screw rod rotates upwards by adjusting a hand wheel on the upper part of the screw rod, the upper platform is pulled to move upwards by the jacking block and the bearing seat, and the height of the lower platform is increased so as to place a piece to be tested; when the screw rotates downwards, the upper platform is pushed to move downwards slowly by the ejector block and the thrust bearing, the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the pressure spring is improved, so that the gradual pressurizing process of the measuring piece is realized;
the pressure spring converts the change of the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform into the downward pressure change of the lower platform, the pressure change is the bearing change of the test piece, and the bearing change of the test piece is displayed and collected by pulling the pressure sensor.
Preferably, the two ends of the guide rods are connected with the upper frame and the lower frame through guide rod fixing blocks, and the guide rods are parallel to each other.
Preferably, the lower frame is of a groove structure in the middle, and the upper surface of the groove is on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the test board is of a hollow structure, a reinforcing beam can be arranged in the middle of the test board, the upper surface of the reinforcing beam cannot protrude out of the upper surface of the test board, bosses are arranged at two ends of the test board and can be placed in grooves in the middle of the lower frame, and a gap is reserved between the lower surface of each boss and the lower frame.
Preferably, the upper platform is fixed with the upper sliding block through an upper corner block; the lower platform is fixed with the lower sliding block through a lower corner block.
Preferably, the pressure spring seat is installed at the joint of the two ends of the pressure spring and the upper platform and the lower platform, so that the pressure spring is prevented from sliding down due to installation deviation when being pressed.
Preferably, the hole at the upper end of the bearing seat is larger than the diameter of the screw and smaller than the diameter of the big bottom of the top block.
Preferably, tension springs with the same mechanical property are installed on two symmetrical sides of the upper platform and the lower platform relative to the compression spring, and two ends of each tension spring are respectively connected with the upper platform and the lower platform.
Preferably, the lower frame is provided with a pull pressure data collector on the side surface, and the pull pressure data can be displayed and collected in real time.
Preferably, the bottom of the lower frame is provided with a caster which can facilitate the movement of the mechanism position.
Preferably, the measuring plate is fixedly connected with the lower frame, and the thrust bearing is replaced by a bidirectional thrust bearing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the pressure-bearing testing mechanism, the pressure-bearing capacity of the testing piece is measured by gradually compressing the pressure spring, and the pressure loading is a continuous variation process.
(2) According to the testing mechanism disclosed by the invention, when a pressure-bearing test is carried out, the stress of the guide rod is a tensile force, the phenomenon of instability of the pressure rod of the existing testing platform can not occur, and the damage of the mechanism caused by instant fracture of a testing piece can be prevented.
(3) The mechanism of the invention adopts a tension and pressure sensor to display and collect the bearing capacity data of the test piece;
(4) the testing mechanism is small in structure, does not need to be provided with a large number of weight plates, and is more convenient to use and transport.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pressure bearing test mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test board according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the nut seat and bearing seat assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional wood beam pressure-bearing test platform;
the figures are labeled as follows:
1-lower frame, 2-test board, 3-guide rod, 4-lower slide block, 5-lower corner block, 6-lower platform, 7-upper slide block, 8-upper corner block, 9-upper platform, 10-upper frame, 11-hand wheel, 12-screw rod, 13-nut seat, 14-guide rod fixing block, 15-pressure spring seat, 16-pressure spring, 17-tension spring, 18-tension pressure sensor, 19-pressure plate, 20-data collector, 21-caster, 22-reinforcing beam, 23-boss, 24-nut, 25-bearing seat, 26-top block and 27-thrust bearing.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The invention relates to a pressure-bearing testing mechanism, wherein a testing plate is arranged on a lower frame, a testing piece is arranged on the testing plate, a pressure plate is arranged at the upper part of the testing piece, the pressure plate is connected with a lower platform through a tension pressure sensor, the lower platform is connected with an upper platform through a pressure spring, and a screw rod can push the upper platform to move up and down. During testing, the lower platform is pushed to move downwards through the hand wheel on the upper portion of the adjusting screw rod, the change of the distance between the upper platform and the lower platform is converted into the downward pressure change of the lower platform through the pressure spring, the pressure change is the pressure bearing change of the test piece, and the pressure bearing change of the test piece is displayed and collected through the pulling pressure sensor. The mechanism can realize continuous increase of pressure bearing measurement of the test piece, displays the bearing pressure in real time and collects data, and belongs to the field of structural performance test technology and structural mechanics.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a pressure-bearing testing mechanism, which includes: the device comprises a lower frame 1, a test board 2, a guide rod 3, an upper platform 9, a lower platform 6, an upper sliding block 7, a lower sliding block 4, a hand wheel 4, a screw rod 12, a nut seat 13, a thrust bearing 27, a bearing seat 25, a top block 26, a pressure spring 16, a tension spring 17, a tension pressure sensor 18 and a pressure plate 19;
the test board 2 is placed on the lower frame 1, a test piece is placed on the test board 2, two ends of four guide rods 3 are respectively and fixedly installed on the lower frame 1 and the upper frame 10 through guide rod fixing blocks 14, a lower sliding block 4 and an upper sliding block 7 sequentially penetrate through the guide rods 3, four lower sliding blocks 4 are used for supporting a lower platform 6, four upper sliding blocks 9 are used for supporting an upper platform 9, the upper platform 9 and the lower platform 6 can both slide up and down along the guide rods, and the upper platform 9 is parallel to the lower platform 6; the bearing block 25 is arranged above the upper platform, a thrust bearing 27 is arranged in the bearing block, and a top block 26 is arranged on the thrust bearing; the nut seat 13 is fixed on the upper frame 10, the hand wheel 4 is connected with one end of the screw rod 12, and the other end of the screw rod 12 penetrates through the nut seat 13 to be connected with the top block 26; the lower platform 6 is connected with the upper platform 6 through a pressure spring 16; the pressure plate 19 is positioned below the lower platform 9 and is connected with the lower platform 9 through a pulling pressure sensor 18; the screw can push the upper platform to move up and down;
during testing, when the screw 12 rotates upwards by adjusting a hand wheel on the upper part of the screw 12, the upper platform 9 is pulled to move upwards by the jacking block 26 and the bearing seat 25, and the height of the lower platform 6 is increased so as to place a piece to be tested; when the screw 12 rotates downwards, the upper platform 9 is pushed to move downwards slowly through the top block 26 and the thrust bearing 27, the distance between the upper platform 9 and the lower platform 6 is reduced gradually, and the pressure of the pressure spring 16 is increased, so that the gradual pressurizing process of the measuring piece is realized;
the pressure spring 16 converts the change of the distance between the upper platform 9 and the lower platform 6 into the downward pressure change of the lower platform 6, the pressure change is the pressure bearing change of the test piece, and the pressure bearing change of the test piece is displayed and collected through the tension pressure sensor 19.
Preferably, two ends of the guide rods 3 are connected with the upper frame and the lower frame through guide rod fixing blocks 14, and the 4 guide rods are parallel to each other.
Preferably, the middle part of the lower frame 1 is of a groove structure, the left side and the right side of the groove structure are coplanar, and the upper surface of the groove structure is on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the test board 2 is a hollow structure, the middle of the test board can be provided with a reinforcing beam 22, the upper surface of the reinforcing beam 22 can not protrude out of the upper surface of the test board 2, the two ends of the test board are provided with bosses 23, the bosses 23 can be placed in the middle grooves of the lower frame, and a gap is reserved between the lower surfaces of the bosses and the lower frame.
Preferably, the upper platform 9 is fixed with the upper sliding block 7 through 4 upper corner blocks 8; the lower platform 9 is fixed with the lower slide block 4 through 4 lower corner blocks 5.
Preferably, the pressure spring seat is installed at the joint of the two ends of the pressure spring and the upper platform 6 and the lower platform 6, so that the pressure spring is prevented from sliding down due to installation deviation when being pressed. The pressure spring is arranged in the middle of the upper platform and the lower platform.
Preferably, the hole at the upper end of the bearing seat is larger than the diameter of the screw and smaller than the diameter of the big bottom of the top block.
Preferably, tension springs with the same mechanical property are installed on two symmetrical sides of the upper platform 9 and the lower platform 6 relative to the pressure spring, two ends of each tension spring are respectively connected with the upper platform 9 and the lower platform 9, and when the measuring piece is suddenly broken, the pressure spring, the upper platform and the lower platform can be prevented from falling off to cause the tension pressure sensor to smash towards the test board at a high speed.
Preferably, the lower frame is provided with a pull pressure data collector on the side surface, and the pull pressure data can be displayed and collected in real time.
Preferably, the bottom of the lower frame 1 is provided with a caster 21, which can facilitate the movement of the mechanism position.
When the pressure-bearing test platform is used for pressure-bearing test, the stress of the four guide rods is tensile force, and the phenomenon of pressure rod instability of the existing test platform can not occur.
Preferably, the test board can be adjusted in position from side to side on the lower frame to realize the pressure-bearing test of oblique roof beam.
Preferably, the measuring plate is fixedly connected with the lower frame, the thrust bearing is replaced by a bidirectional thrust bearing, and the mechanism can be used for testing the tensile force bearing capacity of the test piece.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.

Claims (10)

1. A pressure-bearing test mechanism is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a lower frame (1), a test board (2), a guide rod (3), an upper platform (9), a lower platform (6), an upper slide block (7), a lower slide block (4), a hand wheel (4), a screw rod (12), a nut seat (13), a thrust bearing (27), a bearing seat (25), a top block (26), a pressure spring (16), a tension spring (17), a tension pressure sensor (18) and a pressure plate (19);
the test board (2) is placed on the lower frame (1), a test piece is placed on the test board (2), two ends of four guide rods (3) are fixedly mounted on the lower frame (1) and the upper frame (10) through guide rod fixing blocks (14) respectively, a lower sliding block (4) and an upper sliding block (7) sequentially penetrate through the guide rods (3), the four lower sliding blocks (4) are used for supporting a lower platform (6), the four upper sliding blocks (9) are used for supporting an upper platform (9), the upper platform (9) and the lower platform (6) can slide up and down along the guide rods, and the upper platform (9) is parallel to the lower platform (6); the bearing seat (25) is arranged above the upper platform, a thrust bearing (27) is arranged in the bearing seat, and a top block (26) is arranged on the thrust bearing; the nut seat (13) is fixed on the upper frame (10), the hand wheel (4) is connected with one end of the screw rod (12), and the other end of the screw rod (12) penetrates through the nut seat (13) to be connected with the top block (26); the lower platform (6) is connected with the upper platform (6) through a pressure spring (16); the pressure plate (19) is positioned below the lower platform (9) and is connected with the lower platform (9) through a pulling pressure sensor (18); the screw can push the upper platform to move up and down;
during testing, when the screw rod (12) rotates upwards by adjusting a hand wheel on the upper part of the screw rod (12), the upper platform (9) is pulled to move upwards by the jacking block (26) and the bearing seat (25), and the height of the lower platform (6) is increased so as to place a piece to be tested; when the screw rod (12) rotates downwards, the upper platform (9) is pushed to move downwards slowly through the ejector block (26) and the thrust bearing (27), the distance between the upper platform (9) and the lower platform (6) is reduced gradually, and the pressure of the pressure spring (16) is improved, so that the gradual pressurizing process of a measuring piece is realized;
the pressure spring (16) converts the change of the distance between the upper platform (9) and the lower platform (6) into the downward pressure change of the lower platform (6), the pressure change is the pressure bearing change of the test piece, and the pressure bearing change of the test piece is displayed and collected by pulling the pressure sensor (19).
2. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that two ends of the guide rods (3) are connected with the upper frame and the lower frame through guide rod fixing blocks (14), and 4 guide rods are parallel to each other.
3. Pressure-bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower frame (1) is provided with a groove in the middle, the upper surface of the groove being in a horizontal plane.
4. The pressure-bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the test board (2) is hollow, the middle of the test board is provided with the reinforcing beam (22), the upper surface of the reinforcing beam (22) is not protruded out of the upper surface of the test board (2), the two ends of the test board are provided with bosses (23), the bosses (23) can be placed in the grooves in the middle of the lower frame, and a gap is reserved between the lower surfaces of the bosses and the lower frame.
5. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper platform (9) is fixed with the upper slide block (7) through 4 upper corner blocks (8); the lower platform (9) is fixed with the lower sliding block (4) through 4 lower corner blocks (5).
6. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a pressure spring seat is installed at the joint of the two ends of the pressure spring and the upper platform (6) and the lower platform (6) to prevent the pressure spring from sliding down due to installation deviation when the pressure spring is pressed.
7. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the opening at the upper end of the bearing seat is larger than the diameter of the screw and smaller than the diameter of the big bottom of the top block.
8. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein tension springs with the same mechanical property are arranged on two symmetrical sides of the upper platform (9) and the lower platform (6) relative to the compression springs, and two ends of each tension spring are respectively connected with the upper platform (9) and the lower platform (9).
9. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the lower frame is provided with a tension and pressure data collector at a side thereof, and the tension and pressure data can be displayed and collected in real time.
10. The bearing test mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the measuring plate is fixedly connected to the lower frame, and the thrust bearing is replaced by a bidirectional thrust bearing.
CN202110484134.5A 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 Pressure-bearing testing mechanism Pending CN113340575A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110484134.5A CN113340575A (en) 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 Pressure-bearing testing mechanism

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110484134.5A CN113340575A (en) 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 Pressure-bearing testing mechanism

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CN113340575A true CN113340575A (en) 2021-09-03

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Application publication date: 20210903