CN113340510B - High-strength screw fastening detection method - Google Patents
High-strength screw fastening detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113340510B CN113340510B CN202110559538.6A CN202110559538A CN113340510B CN 113340510 B CN113340510 B CN 113340510B CN 202110559538 A CN202110559538 A CN 202110559538A CN 113340510 B CN113340510 B CN 113340510B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of structural engineering, in particular to a high-strength screw fastening detection method. High strength screw rod fastening detection device includes: the device comprises a supporting cylinder, a jacking device and a tension force detection and analysis device. The supporting cylinder is sleeved on the screw rod, and one end of the supporting cylinder abuts against a structure to be fastened, through which the screw rod penetrates; the jacking device is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder and is used for being sleeved on the screw rod and being detachably connected with the screw rod so as to stretch the screw rod; and the tension force detection and analysis device is used for acquiring the jacking displacement of the jacking device and the tension force of the screw, and confirming whether the tension force before the screw is tensioned reaches the design requirement according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device and the tension force of the screw. The problem of inconvenient detection of screw rod fastening force among the prior art, lead to the unsatisfied requirement of fastening force can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural engineering, in particular to a high-strength screw fastening detection method.
Background
High strength screws are important components for interconnecting different parts of a structure or equipment and are a particular form of high strength bolt. The pretightening force of the high-strength screw is an important control and inspection parameter, and the pretightening force which does not meet the design requirement can lead out the potential safety hazard of a structure or equipment. For example, a suspension bridge is provided with a high-strength screw rod to clamp a cable clamp on a main cable so as to transfer bridge load borne by a sling to the main cable, and if the pre-tightening force is insufficient, the cable clamp can slip and the like, so that the safety of the bridge structure is influenced; the connection mode between wind power tower pole and the blade is also high strength screw rod pretension connection, if the pretension is too big or not enough then major incident such as screw rod fracture and blade drop appear easily.
The high-strength screw used in engineering is generally fastened, constructed and checked in a jack tensioning mode, and due to factors such as machining tolerance and roughness of the screw and a connecting structure, the axial force of a cable clamp screw is difficult to accurately control and detect. In recent years, technicians propose a screw axial force detection method based on ultrasound, for example, a patent with the patent number of 201710827046.4 entitled "a suspension bridge cable clamp screw axial force detection method", and the method adopts ultrasonic measurement and a jack tensioning device for detecting the fastening axial force of a fastened screw, and can avoid the assistance of the jack tensioning device during later detection. The patent number is 201620438541.7, named "tension meter for screw detection" proposes a detection mode of obtaining a screw length-tension relation through ultrasonic measurement in a screw grading tension process and then calculating an axial force.
However, the key point for ensuring the construction quality of the screw rod lies in the tension system and the implementation process control. In the prior art, the jack tensioning of the screw only controls the tensioning load, the specific implementation depends on experience and is rough, the fastening force of the screw after construction cannot be checked, and the fastening force of the screw cannot meet the design requirement easily in the above mode, so that the safety of a structure or equipment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength screw fastening detection method, which can solve the problem that the fastening force cannot meet the requirement due to inconvenient detection of the screw fastening force in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a high-strength screw fastening detection device, including:
the supporting cylinder is sleeved on the screw rod, and one end of the supporting cylinder abuts against the structure to be fastened, through which the screw rod passes;
the jacking device is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder, is sleeved on the screw rod and is detachably connected with the screw rod so as to stretch the screw rod;
and the tension force detection and analysis device is used for acquiring the jacking displacement of the jacking device and the tension force of the screw rod and confirming whether the tension force before the screw rod is tensioned reaches the design requirement according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device and the tension force of the screw rod.
In some optional schemes, the tension detecting and analyzing device comprises:
the jacking displacement sensor is arranged on the jacking device and used for detecting the jacking displacement of the jacking device;
and the tension force sensor is arranged on the supporting cylinder and used for acquiring the tension force of the screw rod.
In some optional schemes, the lifting device further comprises a hydraulic rotating sleeve, which is arranged inside the supporting cylinder and sleeved on a nut for fastening the screw rod, so as to fasten the nut when the lifting device stretches the screw rod and/or after the screw rod is stretched.
In some optional schemes, the tension detecting and analyzing device is further configured to obtain a rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve, and the tension detecting and analyzing device may determine whether the tension of the screw after being tensioned reaches a design requirement according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device, the tension of the screw, and the rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve.
In some alternatives, further comprising a hydraulic system for providing hydraulic pressure to the jacking device and the hydraulic rotating sleeve, the hydraulic system comprising:
a hydraulic pump for providing hydraulic pressure;
the two ends of the first hydraulic pipeline are communicated with the hydraulic pump and the jacking device, and the first hydraulic pipeline is provided with a first hydraulic sensing controller for collecting and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic pipeline;
and the two ends of the second hydraulic pipeline are communicated with the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic rotating sleeve, and the second hydraulic pipeline is provided with a second hydraulic sensing controller for acquiring and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic pipeline.
In some alternatives, the jacking device is a hydraulic jacking device, the hydraulic jacking device comprising:
the outer shell is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder, and an accommodating space is arranged in the outer shell;
the piston is arranged in the accommodating space, forms a pressure area with the accommodating space of the outer shell, is sleeved on the screw and is detachably connected with the screw;
and the cover plate is arranged on the outer shell and enables the piston to penetrate through.
On the other hand, the invention provides a high-strength screw fastening detection method, which comprises the following steps:
loading a jacking device to stretch a screw rod, and acquiring a first jacking displacement u of the jacking device when the tension force of the screw rod changes from zero 1 ；
Obtaining the tension force of the screw to reach a design tension value F Design of Second jacking displacement u of the jacking device corresponding to the time F ；
According to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw before tensioning 0 。
In some alternatives, said is according to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw before tensioning 0 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F before the screw is tensioned 0 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the length from stretching to stretching Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is r, and the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning is r.
In some optional schemes, the pre-tightening force F before the screw is tensioned 0 When the design requirements are not met,
fastening the nut by using a hydraulic rotating sleeve and acquiring the rotation angle a of the hydraulic rotating sleeve Rotary bolt Unloading the jacking device, and acquiring a third jacking displacement u of the jacking device after unloading 2 ；
According to F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary bolt Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw after being tensioned 1 。
In some alternatives, said is according to F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary wrench Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw after being tensioned 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw after being tensioned 1 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the tension from the tension to the tension F Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is r, the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning is r, and m is the distance between threads.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:when the high-strength screw fastening detection method is used, the high-strength screw fastening detection device is arranged at the end part of the screw, the jacking device is loaded with the tension screw, and the first jacking displacement u of the jacking device when the tension force of the screw changes from zero is obtained 1 (ii) a Obtaining the tension force of the screw to reach the design tension value F Design of Second jacking displacement u of corresponding jacking device F (ii) a According to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F before the screw is tensioned 0 . Thus, the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning can be obtained in real time in the tensioning process 0 And then judging the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning according to the design requirement 0 Whether the requirement is met or not is judged to be whether the compensation drawing is needed or not, the high-precision and high-efficiency screw tensioning construction and real-time inspection are realized, the quality of the structure or equipment is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high-strength screw tightening detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure at A in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-strength screw fastening detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solution of the high-strength screw fastening detection method in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the tensile force versus the hydraulic stroke of the piston in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of nut angle versus output torque for an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a support cylinder; 2. a screw; 3. a structure to be fastened; 4. a jacking device; 41. an outer housing; 42. a piston; 43. a cover plate; 5. hydraulically rotating the sleeve; 6. a nut; 7. a tension detecting and analyzing device; 71. a jacking displacement sensor; 72. a tension sensor; 73. a rotation angle sensor; 8. a hydraulic system; 81. a hydraulic pump; 82. a first hydraulic line; 83. a first hydraulic pressure sensing controller; 84. a second hydraulic line; 85. and a second hydraulic sensing controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a high-strength screw fastening detection device, including: the device comprises a supporting cylinder 1, a jacking device 4 and a tension force detection and analysis device 7.
The supporting cylinder 1 is used for being sleeved on the screw rod 2, and one end of the supporting cylinder is abutted against the structure 3 to be fastened, through which the screw rod 2 passes; the jacking device 4 is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder 1 and is used for being sleeved on the screw rod 2 and being detachably connected with the screw rod 2 so as to stretch the screw rod 2; and the tension force detection and analysis device 7 is used for acquiring the jacking displacement of the jacking device 4 and the tension force of the screw rod 2 and confirming whether the tension force of the screw rod 2 before tensioning meets the design requirements or not according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device 4 and the tension force of the screw rod 2.
When the high-strength screw fastening detection device is used, the high-strength screw fastening detection device is installed at the end part of the screw, the jacking device 4 is loaded to stretch the screw 2, and the first jacking displacement u of the jacking device 4 when the tension force of the screw 2 changes from zero is obtained 1 (ii) a Obtaining the tension force of the screw rod 2 to reach the design tension value F Design of Second top of corresponding jacking device 4Lifting displacement u F (ii) a According to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw rod 2 before tensioning 0 . Thus, the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning can be obtained in real time in the tensioning process 0 And then judging the pre-tightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning according to the design requirement 0 Whether the requirement is met or not is judged to be whether the compensation drawing is needed or not, the high-precision and high-efficiency screw tensioning construction and real-time inspection are realized, the quality of the structure or equipment is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the design tension value F Design of Can be a set value or a value detected in real time, thereby calculating the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning in time 0 。
In some optional embodiments, the tension detection and analysis device 7 includes: a jacking displacement sensor 71 and a tension sensor 72.
The jacking displacement sensor 71 is arranged on the jacking device 4 and used for detecting jacking displacement of the jacking device 4; the tension sensor 72 is arranged on the support cylinder 1 and used for acquiring the tension of the screw rod 2.
In this embodiment, the jacking displacement sensor 71 is an optical fiber displacement sensor, an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor or an inductance pen type displacement sensor, and the tension sensor 72 is a resistance type strain sensor or a vibrating wire type strain sensor. The tension sensor 72 calibrates the relationship between the axial strain and the tension force F by measuring the axial strain of the support cylinder 1 at the lower part during tensioning, and then obtains the tension force F of the jacking device 4 to the screw rod 2 according to the monitored axial strain. In this example, a plurality of strain sensors are adopted, and all the strain sensors are arranged along the circumferential direction of the support cylinder 1 at the lower part, and 2 to 8 strain sensors can be arranged in an axisymmetric manner, and 4 strain sensors are suggested to be arranged.
In addition, the tension force F can also be obtained by providing an annular pressure ring below the jacking device 4. The tension force F can also be calibrated by using the input oil pressure of the jacking device 4 and the tension force, and then the tension force F is obtained according to the input oil pressure of the jacking device 4.
The tension force detection and analysis device 7 further comprises an analysis system which is used for determining whether the tension force of the screw rod 2 before tensioning meets the design requirements or not according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device 4 and the tension force of the screw rod 2.
In some optional embodiments, the high-strength screw fastening detection device further includes a hydraulic rotating sleeve 5, which is configured to be disposed inside the support cylinder 1 and to be sleeved on the nut 6 of the fastening screw 2, so as to fasten the nut 6 when the jacking device 4 tensions the screw 2 and/or after the screw 2 is tensioned.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 is a socket head cap sleeve, which is sleeved on the fastening nut 6 of the screw rod 2. Pretightening force F before the screw 2 is tensioned 0 When the design requirement is not met, the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 is utilized to fasten the nut 6, so that the tension force of the screw rod 2 after the jacking device 4 is unloaded can meet the design requirement.
In some optional embodiments, the tension detecting and analyzing device 7 is further configured to obtain a rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5, and the tension detecting and analyzing device 7 may determine whether the tension of the screw rod 2 after being tensioned meets the design requirement according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device 4, the tension of the screw rod 2, and the rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5.
In the present embodiment, the tension detecting and analyzing device 7 further includes a rotation angle sensor 73, and the rotation angle sensor 73 is a photoelectric sensor, a sliding resistance sensor, a magnetic induction sensor, or a hall sensor. The axial displacement distance of the fastening nut 6 can be obtained according to the rotation angle and the thread pitch. Thus, the sleeve 5 is rotated according to the rotation angle a of the hydraulic pressure Rotary wrench And a third jacking displacement u of the jacking device 4 after unloading 2 In combination with F Design of And u F The pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 after being tensioned can be determined 1 。
In some optional embodiments, further comprising a hydraulic system 8 for providing hydraulic pressure to the jacking device 4 and the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5, the hydraulic system 8 comprising: a hydraulic pump 81, a first hydraulic line 82.
Wherein the hydraulic pump 81 is used to provide hydraulic pressure; two ends of the first hydraulic pipeline 82 are communicated with the hydraulic pump 81 and the jacking device 4, and the first hydraulic pipeline 82 is provided with a first hydraulic sensing controller 83 for collecting and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic pipeline 82; the two ends of the second hydraulic pipeline 84 are communicated with the hydraulic pump 81 and the hydraulic rotary sleeve 5, and a second hydraulic sensing controller 85 is arranged on the second hydraulic pipeline 84 and used for collecting and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic pipeline 84.
In this embodiment, the input pressure of the jacking device 4 may be obtained through the first hydraulic pressure sensing controller 83, and the tensile force F may be calibrated by using the oil pressure obtained by the first hydraulic pressure sensing controller 83 and the tensile force, and then the tensile force F is obtained according to the oil pressure obtained by the first hydraulic pressure sensing controller 83. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic rotary sleeve 5 can be obtained by a second hydraulic pressure sensing controller 85 provided on the second hydraulic line 84, and the screwing torque Q of the hydraulic rotary sleeve 5 is obtained by calibrating the relationship between the hydraulic pressure and the second hydraulic pressure sensing controller 85 and then obtaining the relationship according to the oil pressure obtained by the second hydraulic pressure sensing controller 85. The screwing torque Q can also be monitored by providing a torque sensor in the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5.
In some alternative embodiments, the jacking device 4 is a hydraulic jacking device comprising: an outer housing 41, a piston 42 and a cover plate 43.
Wherein, the outer shell 41 is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder 1, and an accommodating space is arranged in the outer shell; the piston 42 is arranged in the accommodating space and forms a pressure area with the accommodating space of the outer shell 41, and the piston 42 is used for being sleeved on the screw rod 2 and detachably connected with the screw rod 2; a cover plate 43 is provided on the outer case 41 and passes the piston 42 therethrough.
In this embodiment, the piston 42 is internally threaded for detachable connection to the screw 2. The lift-up displacement sensor 71 is provided between the piston 42 and the cover plate 43, and the piston 42 is extended or contracted by pressurizing or depressurizing the pressure area formed between the piston 42 and the housing 41. The jack displacement sensor 71 detects the amount of expansion and contraction of the piston 42 to detect the amount of expansion and contraction of the screw 2.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in another aspect, the present invention further provides a high-strength screw tightening detection method implemented by using the screw tightening device described above, including the steps of:
s1: the jacking device 4 is loaded to stretch the screw rod 2, and the first jacking displacement u of the jacking device 4 is obtained when the tension force of the screw rod 2 changes from zero 1 。
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the jacking displacement u of the jacking device 4 during the tensioning process is synchronously monitored by the tension detecting and analyzing device 7. u increases from 0 to u 1 At this time, the tension force F is close to zero due to the installation gap of the jacking device 4, which is because the jacking device 4 does not tension the screw rod 2.
S2: obtaining the tension force of the screw rod 2 to reach the design tension value F Design of Second jacking displacement u of corresponding jacking device 4 F ；
In this embodiment, u is from u 1 Increase to u F Tensile force F increasing to F Design of . In the present embodiment, the design tension value F Design of The pre-tightening force of the screw rod 2 after unloading, which is obtained according to experience, can be a set value, namely the pre-tightening force meets the tension force corresponding to the design requirement. The value can be detected in real time, so that the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning can be calculated in time 0 。
S3: according to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 before tensioning 0 。
In this embodiment, according to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 before tensioning 0 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 before tensioning 0 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the tension from the tension to the tension of F Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is r, and the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning is r.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the principle is derived as follows, assuming that the tightening force before the screw is tensioned is F 0 Corresponding to screw elongation of Δ l 0 Stretching to a design stretching force F Design of When the corresponding screw elongation is Δ L, the following relationship exists:
according to the relation, the pretightening force F of the screw 2 before stretching can be deduced 0 ：
Obtaining the pre-tightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning 0 Then, the pretightening force F of the screw rod before tensioning is judged according to the design requirement 0 Whether the requirement is met or not is judged to be whether the compensation drawing is needed or not, the high-precision and high-efficiency screw tensioning construction and real-time inspection are realized, the quality of the structure or equipment is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in some alternative embodiments, the pre-tension force F is applied to the screw 2 before it is tensioned 0 When the design requirements are not met, the nut 6 is fastened by using the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5, and the rotating angle a of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 is obtained Rotary bolt Unloading the jacking device 4, and acquiring a third jacking displacement u of the jacking device 4 after unloading 2 (ii) a According to F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary bolt Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 after tensioning 1 。
In some alternative embodiments, according to F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary bolt Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 after tensioning 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw 2 after being tensioned 1 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the tension from the tension to the tension F Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is r, the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning is r, and m is the distance between threads.
In the present embodiment, the jacking devices 4 are gradually loaded by the hydraulic system 8 during the tensioning processIn the above, the hydraulic rotary sleeve 5 is loaded to the set low oil pressure holding by the second hydraulic pressure sensor controller 85 provided on the second hydraulic line 84, and the output torque Q of the hydraulic rotary sleeve 5 does not exceed the set value Q at this time 1 (it is sufficient to ensure that the nut 6 rotates following the tensioning process, and the rotation angle is a corresponding to a small value, such as 100 N.m.) 1 So that the nut 6 is synchronously screwed in the tensioning process. Of course, the pre-tension force F before the screw 2 is tensioned 0 When the design requirement is met, the set value Q of the output torque of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 1 The nut of the fastening screw 2 cannot be rotated.
When the calculated pre-tightening force F of the screw rod 2 before tensioning 0 When the design requirements are not met, the nut 6 is synchronously screwed in the tensioning process.
The jacking device 4 is continuously loaded to the tensile force F through the hydraulic system 8 to reach the design tensile force F of the screw Design of . Design tension value F Design of The pre-tightening force of the unloaded screw rod 2 obtained according to experience meets the tension force corresponding to the design requirement.
When the tensile force F reaches F Design of In this case, the first hydraulic pressure sensor controller 83 controls the hydraulic system to stop the loading of the jack device 4 and to keep the oil pressure stable. The second hydraulic sensing controller 85 controls the hydraulic system to start loading the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5, the output torque Q of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 is increased, and the rotation angle a of the nut 6 is monitored. When the output torque Q increases to a design value, i.e., a design value for fastening the nut, the nut turning angle a stops increasing, and Q is Q at this time 2 A is a Rotary wrench At this point, the loading and unloading of the hydraulic rotating sleeve 5 is stopped.
Then, the progressive unloading of the jacking device 4 is started, while monitoring the hydraulic stroke u of the piston 42 structure, from u F Fall back to u 2 。
Assuming that the tightening force after tensioning is F 1 Corresponding screw elongation of Δ l 1 . Then there is the following correspondence:
deducing:
finally, the fastening force F after tensioning is judged 1 If the design requirements are met, tensioning is finished; if the requirements are not met, the tensioning is carried out again, the conditions of the screw and the connecting structure are required to be checked and processed, whether thread damage, obstacles and the like exist at the tensioning end of the screw, the screw is replaced when necessary, and then the tensioning meeting the design requirements is completed.
In conclusion, by adopting the high-strength screw fastening detection device and the fastening detection method thereof, the screw fastening axial force before and after tensioning can be obtained in real time when the bolt is fastened, high-precision and high-efficiency screw tensioning construction and real-time inspection are realized, the structure or equipment quality is improved, and the construction cost is reduced. The tension force of the screw can meet the requirement. In addition, the whole tensioning process can be automatically completed through the tensioning force detection and analysis device 7, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the technical training, operation and quality control difficulty of constructors is reduced.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description is only an example of the present application, and is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength screw tightening detection method, characterized by being implemented using a high-strength screw tightening device that includes:
the supporting cylinder (1) is sleeved on the screw (2), and one end of the supporting cylinder is abutted against a structure (3) to be fastened, through which the screw (2) passes;
the jacking device (4) is arranged at the other end of the supporting cylinder (1) and is used for being sleeved on the screw rod (2) and detachably connected with the screw rod (2) so as to stretch the screw rod (2);
the tension detection and analysis device (7) is used for acquiring the jacking displacement of the jacking device (4) and the tension of the screw (2), and confirming whether the tension of the screw (2) before tensioning meets the design requirement or not according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device (4) and the tension of the screw (2);
the high-strength screw fastening detection method comprises the following steps:
loading the jacking device (4) to stretch the screw rod (2) to obtain the tension force of the screw rod (2) when the tension force changes from zero, and jacking displacement u of the jacking device (4) 1 ；
Obtaining the tension force of the screw (2) to reach a design tension value F Design of The second jacking displacement u of the jacking device (4) corresponding to the time F ；
According to u 1 、F Design of And u F Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw (2) before tensioning 0 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw (2) before tensioning 0 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the tension from the tension to the tension of F Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is r, and the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning is r.
2. The high-strength screw tightening detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: pretightening force F before the screw (2) is tensioned 0 When the design requirements are not met, the design method,
fastening a nut (6) by using a hydraulic rotating sleeve (5), and acquiring a rotating angle a of the hydraulic rotating sleeve (5) Rotary wrench Unloading the jacking device (4), and acquiring a third jacking displacement u of the jacking device (4) after unloading 2 ；
According to F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary wrench Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw (2) after tensioning 1 。
3. The method for detecting the fastening of a high-strength screw according to claim 2, wherein said method is based on F Design of And u F 、u 2 And a Rotary bolt Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw (2) after tensioning 1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to
Determining the pre-tightening force F of the screw (2) after tensioning 1 Wherein A is the nominal cross-sectional area of the screw, E is the elastic modulus of the material, D is the nominal diameter, and R is the tension from the tension to the tension F Design of The clamping length of the stress area of the screw is determined, r is the clamping length of the stress area of the screw before tensioning, and m is the distance between threads.
4. The high-strength screw tightening detection method according to claim 1, wherein the tension detection and analysis device (7) includes:
the jacking displacement sensor (71) is arranged on the jacking device (4) and used for detecting the jacking displacement of the jacking device (4);
and the tension force sensor (72) is arranged on the support cylinder (1) and is used for acquiring the tension force of the screw (2).
5. The high-strength screw tightening detection method according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic rotating sleeve (5) provided inside the support cylinder (1) and sleeved on a nut (6) for tightening the screw (2) so as to tighten the nut (6) when the screw (2) is tensioned by the jacking device (4) and/or after the screw (2) is tensioned.
6. The high-strength screw fastening detection method according to claim 5, wherein the tensile force detection and analysis device (7) is further configured to obtain a rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve (5), and the tensile force detection and analysis device (7) can determine whether the tensile force of the screw (2) after being tensioned meets design requirements according to the jacking displacement of the jacking device (4), the tensile force of the screw (2) and the rotation angle of the hydraulic rotating sleeve (5).
7. The high-strength screw fastening detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a hydraulic system (8) for providing hydraulic pressure to the jacking arrangement (4) and the hydraulic rotating sleeve (5), the hydraulic system (8) comprising:
a hydraulic pump (81) for providing hydraulic pressure;
the two ends of the first hydraulic pipeline (82) are communicated with the hydraulic pump (81) and the jacking device (4), and a first hydraulic sensing controller (83) is arranged on the first hydraulic pipeline (82) and used for collecting and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic pipeline (82);
and two ends of the second hydraulic pipeline (84) are communicated with the hydraulic pump (81) and the hydraulic rotating sleeve (5), and the second hydraulic pipeline (84) is provided with a second hydraulic sensing controller (85) for acquiring and controlling the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic pipeline (84).
8. The high-strength screw fastening detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: jacking device (4) are hydraulic pressure jacking device, hydraulic pressure jacking device includes:
an outer housing (41) which is provided at the other end of the support cylinder (1) and in which an accommodation space is provided;
the piston (42) is arranged in the accommodating space, a pressure area is formed between the piston and the accommodating space of the outer shell (41), and the piston (42) is used for being sleeved on the screw rod (2) and detachably connected with the screw rod (2);
and a cover plate (43) which is provided on the outer case (41) and through which the piston (42) passes.
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| CN202511931U (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-10-31 | 宁夏力远计算机科技有限公司 | Pre-stressed component tension measurement device |
| CN103526948B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-12-02 | 柳州黔桥工程材料有限公司 | The control method of intelligent tensioning system and intelligent tensioning system |
| CN105865688A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-17 | 中交公路规划设计院有限公司 | Tensioning instrument for screw detection and application thereof |
| CN109186843B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-07-17 | 北京理工大学 | Measuring device and method for researching influence of pressing force on torque coefficient |
| CN110440970A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-12 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method positioned at jack head end test anchor lower prestress |
| CN111535195A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-14 | 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 | Suspension bridge cable clamp screw tensioning device and method |
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