Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vacuum degreasing sintering system and a using method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vacuum degreasing sintering system is characterized in that: the vacuum pipeline at least comprises a first-stage vacuum pipeline, a second-stage vacuum pipeline and a third-stage vacuum pipeline, the first-stage vacuum pipeline, the second-stage vacuum pipeline and the third-stage vacuum pipeline control system pressures of different process stages, and the degreasing mechanism performs degreasing treatment on workpieces.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the primary vacuum pipeline comprises a primary pump, a primary valve, a secondary primary valve and a tertiary primary valve, the secondary vacuum pipeline comprises a secondary pump, a primary secondary valve, a secondary valve and a tertiary secondary valve, the tertiary vacuum pipeline comprises a main pump and a main valve, the main valve is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the main pump, the main pump and the primary valve are communicated, the main valve is communicated with the sintering furnace through an air inlet pipe, and the components of the primary vacuum pipeline, the secondary vacuum pipeline and the tertiary vacuum pipeline are communicated through pipelines.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the three-level primary valve is communicated with the air inlet pipe through a pipeline, the secondary primary valve is connected with the primary pump through a pipeline, the degreasing mechanism comprises a degreasing tank and a grease collecting tank, the three-level primary valve and the secondary primary valve are respectively connected with the degreasing tank, a workpiece degreasing passage led out by the three-level primary valve is formed, degreasing is performed by the degreasing tank, the workpiece degreasing passage led out by the secondary primary valve is formed, the grease collecting tank is communicated with the primary pump, the sintering furnace, the air inlet pipe, the three-level primary valve, the degreasing tank, the secondary primary valve, the primary pump and the grease collecting tank form a primary pressure control passage, the primary pump controls the system pressure, a heater is arranged on the sintering furnace, and the heater controls the temperature of a workpiece.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the secondary valve, the tertiary secondary valve and the main valve are communicated through a three-way pipeline, the secondary valve is communicated with the secondary pump through a pipeline, the secondary pump is communicated with the primary valve, the primary valve is communicated with the primary pump, the sintering furnace, the air inlet pipe, the main valve, the secondary valve, the secondary pump, the primary valve, the primary pump and the grease box form a secondary pressure control passage, the secondary pump and the primary pump control system pressure, and the heater controls the temperature of a workpiece.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the primary and secondary valves are communicated with the main pump through pipelines, the primary and secondary valves are communicated with the secondary pump, the sintering furnace, the air inlet pipe, the main valve, the main pump, the primary and secondary valves, the secondary pump, the primary and primary valves, the primary pump and the grease box form a three-level pressure control passage, the main pump, the secondary pump and the primary pump control system pressure, and the heater controls the temperature of the workpiece.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the sintering furnace also comprises a cooling fan, and the heater and the cooling fan control the workpiece to be cooled.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the degreasing time range of the degreasing box is set to be 1.5h-2.5h.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the primary pump adopts a rotary vane pump, the secondary pump adopts a roots pump, the main pump adopts an oil diffusion pump, and the main valve adopts a three-stage valve.
The method controls the vacuum degrees of different process stages of a sintering furnace by the primary vacuum pipeline, the secondary vacuum pipeline and the tertiary vacuum pipeline, a degreasing box of a degreasing mechanism performs degreasing operation on a workpiece, and a grease collection box collects system wastes, so that the wastes are conveniently and uniformly treated.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of;
(1) Putting the workpiece into a sintering furnace;
(2) Controlling system pressure and degreasing workpieces;
(3) Maintaining system pressure and sintering workpieces;
(4) Cooling the workpiece;
(5) And (5) discharging the workpiece out of the sintering furnace.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages that:
1) The invention adopts high vacuum pneumatic baffle valves as switch valves of each loop, adopts a rotary vane pump to obtain the low vacuum of 1-10Pa of the system, meets the requirements of degreasing process and the starting requirement of an oil diffusion pump, adopts a Roots pump as a secondary pump of the system, is a backing pump of the oil diffusion pump, and obtains the pressure value of 10 by the combined operation of the rotary vane pump and the Roots pump -1 -10 -2 Pa, an oil diffusion pump is adopted as a main pump of the system, and the system obtains a pressure value of 10 through the combined operation of a rotary vane pump, a roots pump and the oil diffusion pump -3 -10 -4 Pa of vacuum.
2) The invention adopts the first-stage vacuum pipeline, the second-stage vacuum pipeline and the third-stage vacuum pipeline to control the system pressure in different process stages, thereby reducing the complexity and the cost of equipment.
3) The invention controls the system pressure and the workpiece temperature, effectively extracts the binder and the forming agent in the workpiece out of the hearth through the degreasing box and the grease collecting box, and reduces the pollution to the hearth.
4) The invention obtains a pressure value of 10 through a vacuum pipeline -3 -10 -4 Pa, the sintering quantity and the sintering type of the workpiece are enlarged.
5) The invention adopts a pressure maintaining mechanism to ensure the vacuum value of the system.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, lateral, longitudinal \8230;) are used only to explain the relative positional relationship between the respective members, the movement, and the like in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are changed accordingly.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-4, a vacuum degreasing sintering system comprises a vacuum pipeline and a degreasing mechanism, wherein the vacuum pipeline at least comprises a first-stage vacuum pipeline, a second-stage vacuum pipeline and a third-stage vacuum pipeline, the first-stage vacuum pipeline, the second-stage vacuum pipeline and the third-stage vacuum pipeline control system pressures of different process stages, and the degreasing mechanism degreases a workpiece.
As shown in fig. 1, the vacuum pipeline is fixed on the chassis 81, the primary vacuum pipeline comprises a primary pump 61, a primary valve 11, a secondary primary valve 12 and a tertiary primary valve 13, the secondary vacuum pipeline comprises a secondary pump 24, a primary secondary valve 21, a secondary valve 22 and a tertiary secondary valve 23, the tertiary vacuum pipeline comprises a primary pump 42 and a primary valve 41, the primary valve 41 is fixed on the upper side of the primary pump 42 and is communicated with each other, the primary valve 41 is communicated with the sintering furnace through an air inlet pipe 31, the primary vacuum pipeline, the secondary vacuum pipeline and the tertiary vacuum pipeline are communicated through pipelines (not shown), the degreasing mechanism comprises a degreasing box 14 and a degreasing box 51, the tertiary primary valve 13 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 31 through a pipeline, the secondary primary valve 12 is connected with the primary pump 61 through a pipeline, the tertiary primary valve 13 and the secondary primary valve 12 are respectively connected with the degreasing box 14, a workpiece degreasing passage which is led in by a third-stage primary valve 13, degreased by a degreasing box 14 and led out by a second-stage primary valve 12 is formed, in the embodiment, two groups of grease collection boxes 51 are arranged, one group of grease collection boxes 51 is communicated with a primary pump 61, the grease collection boxes 51 collect waste generated by system operation and perform uniform treatment to ensure that the system is not polluted, as can be seen from the above, a sintering furnace, an air inlet pipe 31, the third-stage primary valve 13, the degreasing box 14, the second-stage primary valve 12, the primary pump 61 and the grease collection boxes 51 form a first-stage pressure control passage (or called degreasing passage), the primary pump 61 controls the system pressure, the pressure range is set to be 1-10Pa, in addition, a heater and a cooling fan (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the sintering furnace, the heater and the cooling fan control the temperature of the workpiece, in the embodiment, the heater heats up at the rate of 50-100 ℃/h, the heater controls the workpiece and the environment temperature of the workpiece in the effective area of the sintering furnace to be 300-400 ℃, under the temperature range, the binder and the forming agent in the workpiece are gradually gasified to form mixed gas, the mixed gas flows along a primary pressure control passage, oil and fat in the mixed gas are degreased by a degreasing tank 14, tail gas of the mixed gas and waste generated by system operation are discharged into a grease collection tank 51 through a primary pump 61, the system is ensured not to be polluted, furthermore, the degreasing time of the system is set, the degreasing time range is set to be 1.5h-2.5h, preferably 2h, the workpiece is ensured to be completely degreased, and the pressure control and the temperature control not only meet the degreasing requirement of the workpiece, but also meet the starting requirement of a main pump 42.
The secondary valve 22, the tertiary secondary valve 23, and the main valve 41 are communicated with each other through a three-way pipe, the secondary valve 22 is communicated with the secondary pump 24 through a pipe, the secondary pump 24 is communicated with the primary valve 11, the primary valve 11 is communicated with the primary pump 61, as can be seen from the above, the sintering furnace, the intake pipe 31, the main valve 41, the secondary valve 22, the secondary pump 24, the primary valve 11, the primary pump 61, and the grease collection tank 51 form a secondary pressure control passage, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61 control the system pressure, and the pressure range is set at 10 -1 -10 -2 Pa, in this embodiment, the heater heats up at a rate of 50-100 deg.C/h, the heater controls the temperature of the workpiece at 400-1200 deg.C, and the pressure and temperature control described above satisfy the start-up requirements of the main pump 42.
The primary secondary valve 21 is communicated with the primary pump 42 through a pipe, the primary secondary valve 21 is communicated with the secondary pump 24, as can be seen from the above, the sintering furnace, the intake pipe 31, the main valve 41, the primary pump 42, the primary secondary valve 21, the secondary pump 24, the primary valve 11, the primary pump 61 and the grease collecting tank 51 form a three-stage pressure control passage, the primary pump 42, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61 control the system pressure, and the pressure range is set at 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, in the embodiment, the heater heats up at a speed of 50-100 ℃/h, the heater controls the temperature of the workpiece to be 400-1200 ℃, and the temperature is fixed, and the pressure control and the temperature control meet the vacuum requirement of workpiece sintering.
Further, to maintain pressure control at 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, the vacuum pipeline further comprises a pressure maintaining mechanism, the pressure maintaining mechanism comprises a maintaining pump 71, the maintaining pump 71 is respectively communicated with the tertiary secondary valve 23 and the other group of grease collecting boxes 51 through pipelines, a pressure maintaining passage is formed by the sintering furnace, the air inlet pipe 31, the main valve 41, the tertiary secondary valve 23, the maintaining pump 71 and the grease collecting boxes 51, and the maintaining pump 71 maintains the pressure range at 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, the vacuum requirement of normal sintering of the workpiece is met.
Further, when the system pressure is greater than 10 -3 After Pa, the main valve 41 is opened, the main pump 42 is operated, and the system pressure is adjusted by the main valve 41 and the main pump 42 to control the system pressure range to 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, and circulating according to the above steps until the workpiece is heated.
In this embodiment, the primary pump 61 and the maintenance pump 71 are rotary vane pumps, the secondary pump 24 is a roots pump, the main pump 42 is an oil diffusion pump, and the main valve 41 is a three-stage valve.
In this embodiment, the primary valve 11, the secondary valve 12, the tertiary valve 13, the primary valve 21, the secondary valve 22, the tertiary valve 23, and the main valve 41 are high vacuum pneumatic flapper valves.
In other embodiments, the number of grease collection tanks 51 may be provided in a group, and the maintenance pump 71 and the primary pump 61 may be in communication with a group of grease collection tanks 51.
The invention also provides a using method of the vacuum degreasing sintering system, the method controls the vacuum degree of the sintering furnace through the primary vacuum pipeline, the secondary vacuum pipeline and the tertiary vacuum pipeline, the vacuum degree requirements of the sintering furnace in different process stages are ensured, meanwhile, the degreasing operation is carried out on the workpiece through the degreasing box 14, the grease collection box 51 collects system wastes, the wastes are conveniently and uniformly treated, and the formed workpiece has higher purity in composition.
According to the invention, the specific application method is as follows:
(1) Putting the workpiece into a sintering furnace;
(2) Controlling the primary pressure of the system and degreasing the workpiece;
2.1. controlling the pressure;
opening a secondary primary valve 12, a tertiary primary valve 13 and a primary pump 61, wherein the primary pump 61 controls the system pressure, and the pressure range is set to be 1-10Pa;
2.2. controlling the temperature;
the heater is heated up at the speed of 50-100 ℃/h, and the temperature of the workpiece is controlled at 300-400 ℃;
2.3. degreasing;
gasifying the binder and the forming agent in the workpiece to form mixed gas, enabling the mixed gas to flow along a primary pressure control passage, degreasing the mixed gas by a degreasing box 14 for 1.5-2.5 hours, preferably 2 hours, and discharging tail gas of the mixed gas and waste generated by system operation to a grease collection box 51;
(3) Controlling the secondary pressure of the system;
the secondary primary valve 12 and the tertiary primary valve 13 are closed, the primary valve 11, the secondary valve 22, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61 are opened, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61 control the system pressure, and the pressure range is set at 10 -1 -10- 2 Pa, heating the workpiece by a heater at the speed of 50-100 ℃/h, and controlling the temperature of the workpiece at 400-1200 ℃;
(4) Controlling the three-level pressure of the system;
closing the secondary primary valve 12, the tertiary primary valve 13, the secondary valve 22 and the tertiary secondary valve 23, opening the primary valve 11, the primary secondary valve 21, the main valve 41, the main pump 42, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61, controlling the system pressure by the main pump 42, the secondary pump 24 and the primary pump 61, and setting the pressure range at 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, heating the workpiece by a heater at the speed of 50-100 ℃/h, and controlling the temperature of the workpiece by the heater at 400-1200 ℃;
(5) Maintaining system pressure and sintering workpieces;
5.1. the main pump 42 and the main valve 41 are closed, the three-stage secondary valve 23 and the maintaining pump 71 are opened, and the maintaining pump 71 maintains the system pressure at 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, controlling the temperature of the workpiece at 400-1200 ℃ by a heater, and carrying out constant temperature treatment on the workpiece, and carrying out sintering process on the workpiece;
5.11. adjusting the system pressure;
in the sintering stage, when the system pressure is more than 10 -3 After Pa, main valve 41 and main pump 42 are opened, main valve 41 and main pump 42 regulating the system pressure to control the system pressure range to 10 -3 -10 -4 Pa, circulating according to the above steps until the workpiece is sintered;
(6) Cooling the workpiece;
6.1. cooling the workpiece at a first stage;
the heater is cooled to a set temperature according to a set cooling curve;
6.2. performing secondary cooling on the workpiece;
the heater continues to cool, the cooling fan is started, and the heater and the cooling fan synchronously run to cool until the temperature of the workpiece is reduced to room temperature;
(7) Discharging the workpiece out of the sintering furnace;
the maintenance pump 71, the main pump 42, the secondary pump 24, and the primary pump 61 are sequentially turned off, the sintering furnace door is opened, and the workpiece is taken out of the sintering furnace.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.