CN113336518A - Homogeneous plate and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Homogeneous plate and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113336518A CN113336518A CN202110789675.9A CN202110789675A CN113336518A CN 113336518 A CN113336518 A CN 113336518A CN 202110789675 A CN202110789675 A CN 202110789675A CN 113336518 A CN113336518 A CN 113336518A
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- Prior art keywords
- homogeneous plate
- homogeneous
- aerogel
- plate according
- hours
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011489 building insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGUFTYOYLIJYEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(COC(C)CO)O.C(CCCCC(C)C)(=O)O Chemical compound CC(COC(C)CO)O.C(CCCCC(C)C)(=O)O FGUFTYOYLIJYEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Abstract
The invention provides a homogeneous plate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials of the homogeneous plate comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 20-30% of quartz sand, 15-30% of ceramic hollow microspheres, 20-35% of heat radiation coating, 5-15% of polystyrene particles, 5-10% of modified aerogel, 5-10% of glass fibers and 15-20% of potassium silicate solution. The homogeneous plate has the advantages of good heat insulation and preservation effects, low water absorption, light weight and good process processability through various means such as heat radiation resistance, conduction reduction, convection reduction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to a homogeneous plate and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of economy in China is realized, and energy conservation and environmental protection are particularly important at present. At present, the wall heat-insulating material of the buildings in China mainly comprises: EPS plates (expanded polystyrene plates); XPS board (extruded polystyrene board); a polyurethane board; a polystyrene board; inorganic insulation boards, and the like. The EPS boards, the XPS boards and the polyurethane boards are mainly used and account for more than 80 percent of the total external wall insulation. The EPS board and the XPS board are both polystyrene boards in nature, and both main materials are polystyrene; they are thermoplastic organic foam boards. The EPS boards and the XPS boards are made of heat-insulating materials, so that effective heat insulation is provided for building energy conservation, however, due to the defect that the heat-insulating boards are poor in fireproof performance, great potential safety hazards are left for building fire prevention, and the impact resistance and deformation resistance effects of the whole structure are general.
The homogeneous heat-insulating board is mainly used for heat insulation in an external heat-insulating system of an external wall, is widely applied due to light weight and high cost performance, heat insulation and heat insulation of buildings are important aspects of saving energy, improving living environment and using function, the external heat-insulating technology of the external wall is a necessary and key measure for energy conservation of building envelope structures at present, from the development at home and abroad, the requirement on the fire safety of external heat insulation of the external wall is taken as the preferred condition of the application of the technology, the traditional homogeneous board has poor heat insulation and heat insulation, needs to be integrally cut into small blocks in the production process, has complicated steps, high labor intensity and low production efficiency, mainly has the problems that the main body of the heat insulation is formed by adding the material with lower heat conductivity coefficient due to the fact that the homogeneous board technology is concentrated on the heat conduction technology, the main body of the heat insulation is formed by adding the material with lower heat conductivity coefficient, the fire resistance of the material is poor, and the addition of inorganic components needs to be increased, so that the integral cutting is difficult, poor heat insulation performance and large water absorption.
CN108002791A discloses an exterior wall heat preservation uniform board, which is prepared from expanded perlite, light molybdenum oxide, ceramic powder, zinc oxide powder, polypropylene short fibers, mica powder, calcium powder, a water repellent, a performance additive, bentonite, glass fibers, EPS particles, silicon powder, an organic silicon waterproof agent, cement, calcined desulfurized gypsum, a flame retardant, a water reducing agent, a binder, a foaming agent and water.
CN112094133A discloses a homogeneous board with good heat preservation and insulation effects, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of lime powder, 22-25 parts of quartz sand, 18-22 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 14-18 parts of borax, 10-12 parts of polyether polyol, 7-9 parts of polyester polyol, 6-8 parts of triethylene diamine, 2-3 parts of potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol, 5-7 parts of pentane, 4-8 parts of pentafluoropropane, 3-7 parts of water, 4-9 parts of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, B84604-8 parts of foam stabilizer and 24-45 parts of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate; the homogeneous plate has the advantages of low heat conduction, low density and high strength, the whole mass is light, the heat preservation and the heat insulation are good, however, the homogeneous plate only has good heat conduction performance in the traditional conduction aspect, and has no barrier effect on the non-contact heat radiation heat transfer.
Therefore, in the art, it is desired to develop a lightweight homogeneous board having good heat insulating performance and low water absorption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a homogeneous plate and a preparation method and application thereof. The homogeneous plate has the advantages of good heat insulation and preservation effects, low water absorption, light weight and good process processability through various means such as heat radiation resistance, conduction reduction, convection reduction and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a homogeneous plate, and the preparation raw materials of the homogeneous plate comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
according to the invention, the heat radiation coating is added into the raw material formula of the homogeneous plate, so that the homogeneous plate has a good heat radiation resistance effect and plays a certain role in bonding, the absorption and emission of heat radiation are improved by adding the modified aerogel, the heat radiation resistance effect of the homogeneous plate can also be given, and the heat radiation resistance effect of the homogeneous plate is realized by matching with the heat radiation coating, so that the homogeneous plate has a good heat radiation resistance effect. The ceramic hollow microspheres and the polystyrene particles can play a role in reducing conduction and convection. And under the matching of the formula components, the homogeneous plate has good strength, the water absorption of the material is reduced, and meanwhile, the A-level fire resistance test is met.
In the raw material for the homogeneous plate of the present invention, the amount of the quartz sand may be 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29% or 30%, and specific values therebetween are not exhaustive for the sake of brevity and simplicity.
In the raw material for the homogeneous sheet of the present invention, the amount of the ceramic hollow microspheres may be 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28% or 30%, and the specific values therebetween are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific values included in the ranges.
Preferably, the ceramic hollow microspheres have a particle size of 30-60 microns, such as 30 microns, 33 microns, 35 microns, 38 microns, 40 microns, 43 microns, 45 microns, 48 microns, 50 microns, 53 microns, 55 microns, 58 microns, or 60 microns.
In the invention, the ceramic hollow microspheres have the functions of barrier conduction, solar heat reflection and the like. The ceramic hollow microspheres and the polystyrene particles can play a role in reducing conduction and convection.
In the raw material for the homogeneous sheet of the present invention, the amount of the heat-emitting paint may be 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 32%, 34% or 35%, and specific points therebetween, which are not exhaustive for reasons of brevity and conciseness, are not included in the range. If the amount of the heat-emitting paint is not within the limited range, the strength of the blanket sheet is affected.
In the present invention, the heat-emitting paint is the heat-emitting paint disclosed in CN110746799A, and specifically, the heat-emitting paint includes the following components in mass fraction:
preferably, the metal oxide comprises Fe2O3、MnO2、Co2O3CuO and Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of them, preferably Fe2O3And/or Al2O3。
Preferably, the rare earth compound comprises a rare earth oxide.
Preferably, the rare earth compound comprises Y2O3、CeO2、Y(PO3)3And La (PO)3)3Any one or a combination of at least two thereof, preferably Y2O3And/or CeO2。
Preferably, the inorganic composite aerogel comprises a silica aerogel.
Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the inorganic composite aerogel is 0.01-0.02W (m.K)-1For example 0.011W (m.K)-1、0.012W·(m·K)-1、0.013W·(m·K)-1、0.014W·(m·K)-1、0.015W·(m·K)-1、0.016W·(m·K)-1、0.017W·(m·K)-1、0.018W·(m·K)-1、0.019W·(m·K)-1Etc., preferably 0.015W (m. K)-1。
Preferably, the inorganic film-forming material comprises a potassium silicate solution and/or a silica sol, preferably a potassium silicate solution.
In the invention, the heat radiation coating can endow the homogeneous plate with better heat radiation resistance and plays a part of bonding role in the preparation process of the homogeneous plate.
The polystyrene particles may be present in the starting material for the homogeneous sheet of the present invention in an amount of 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%, and the specific values therebetween, which are not exhaustive for the invention and are included in the range for brevity and clarity.
In the raw material for the homogeneous sheet of the present invention, the amount of the modified aerogel is 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%, and the specific values therebetween are not exhaustive for the invention and are included in the range for brevity. In the present invention, if the amount of the modified aerogel is less than 5%, the thermal insulation effect is deteriorated, and if the amount of the modified aerogel is more than 10%, the strength of the homogeneous sheet is decreased.
Preferably, the modified aerogel is a graphite-modified silica aerogel.
Preferably, the preparation method of the graphite modified silica aerogel comprises the following steps: mixing the water glass solution with graphite powder, adjusting the pH value to 1-3 (such as 1, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.4, 2.8 or 3), heating for reaction, then aging and drying to obtain the graphite modified silica aerogel.
The mass percentage of the sodium silicate in the water glass solution is 10-20%; for example, it may be 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, or the like.
Preferably, the pH is adjusted using an aqueous solution of a mineral acid. The inorganic acid aqueous solution is preferably hydrochloric acid solution.
Preferably, the adjustment of the pH is carried out at a temperature of 10-20 deg.C (e.g., 10 deg.C, 13 deg.C, 15 deg.C, 18 deg.C or 20 deg.C).
Preferably, the heating reaction is a water bath heating reaction, the temperature of the water bath heating is 50-70 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 53 ℃, 55 ℃, 58 ℃, 60 ℃, 63 ℃, 65 ℃, 68 ℃ or 70 ℃.
Preferably, the water bath is heated for a time of 0.5 to 2 hours, for example, 0.5 hour, 0.8 hour, 1 hour, 1.3 hours, 1.5 hours, 1.8 hours or 2 hours.
Preferably, the aging is aging by adding deionized water to the system.
Preferably, the aging time is 1 to 5 hours, such as 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, or 5 hours.
In the invention, the modified aerogel has small density and low thermal conductivity coefficient, and the absorption and emission of the aerogel to thermal radiation are improved by adding the graphite.
The amount of glass fibers used in the starting materials for the homogeneous sheets of the present invention may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%, and the specific values therebetween, for reasons of space and brevity, are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the specific values encompassed by the scope disclosed.
The amount of potassium silicate solution used in the starting material for the homogeneous sheets of the present invention is 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%, and the specific values therebetween, for space and brevity, are not exhaustive of the specific values included in the ranges set forth herein.
Preferably, the modulus of the potassium silicate solution is 3.0 to 4.4, such as 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4, preferably 3.5.
"modulus" means in particular silicon dioxide (SiO)2) With potassium oxide (K)2O) is referred to as the modulus of the water glass. The stability is best when the modulus of the potassium silicate solution is 3.5.
In the present invention, the potassium silicate solution functions as a binder.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a homogeneous plate as described above, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the raw materials, drying, and performing compression molding to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Preferably, the temperature during the compression molding is 80 ℃, the time of the compression molding is 8 hours, and the cooling is carried out for 24 hours after the compression molding.
In another aspect, the present invention provides the use of a homogeneous panel as described above as a building insulation material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the homogeneous plate has the advantages of heat radiation resistance, low heat conductivity coefficient, good heat insulation effect, low water absorption, light weight, capability of meeting the A-level fireproof requirement and good processing performance.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
In the following examples, the sources of the raw materials used are as follows:
quartz sand: is commercially available and is commonly used in the market.
Ceramic hollow microspheres: manufacturer: 3M, brand number: w-210;
heat radiation paint: prepared according to example 1 in CN 110746799A;
polystyrene particles: general purpose of commercial purchase
Glass fiber: bought from China boulder
Potassium silicate solution: from the Schchen Tai platinum-rich chemical technology Co Ltd
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the modified aerogel comprises the following steps:
mixing SiO2Mixing a water glass solution with the content of 10 percent (mass fraction) with dried graphite powder, adjusting the pH value to 2 by adding a NaOH solution at 10 ℃, putting the mixture into a water bath at 60 ℃ for a period of time, adding deionized water for aging for a period of time, modifying the mixture and exchanging solvents, drying wet gel obtained after aging in a container (the critical temperature is 31.1 ℃ and the critical pressure is 7.29MPa), and preparing the graphite modified silicon dioxide aerogel.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 5
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 6
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Example 7
In this embodiment, a homogeneous plate is provided, and a raw material for preparing the homogeneous plate includes the following components by weight percent:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials, drying, pressing at 80 ℃ for 8h for forming, and cooling for 24 h after pressing for forming to obtain the homogeneous plate.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, a homogeneous plate was provided, which differs from example 1 only in that the preparation raw material of the homogeneous plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
comparative example 2
In this comparative example, a homogeneous plate was provided, which differs from example 1 only in that the preparation raw material of the homogeneous plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
comparative example 3
In this comparative example, a homogeneous plate was provided, which differs from example 1 only in that the preparation raw material of the homogeneous plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
comparative example 4
In this comparative example, a homogeneous plate was provided, which differs from example 1 only in that the preparation raw material of the homogeneous plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the homogeneous board prepared by the formula cannot be formed.
Comparative example 5
In this comparative example, a homogeneous plate was provided, which differs from example 1 only in that the preparation raw material of the homogeneous plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the performance tests were performed on the homogeneous plates prepared in the examples and comparative examples:
(1) coefficient of thermal conductivity: GB/T5486-2008 test method for inorganic hard heat-insulating products
(2) Breaking strength: JG/T536-doped 2017 thermosetting composite polystyrene foam insulation board
(3) Volume water absorption: JG/T287-2013 material for heat-insulating decorative exterior wall external heat-insulating system
(4) Fire rating: GB 8624 and 2012' grading of combustion performance of building materials and products
The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the thermal conductivity of the uniform plate is 0.04-0.065W/(m.k), the breaking strength is 0.4-0.8MPa, the volume water absorption is 5.1-9.6%, and the fire-proof grade reaches above B1 grade. And the comparative example 1 has no radiation coating, so that the heat insulation performance and the fire-proof rating are reduced, the comparative example 2 has no aerogel, so that the heat insulation performance and the fire-proof rating are reduced, the comparative example 3 has overhigh water absorption and reduced fire-proof rating due to the single use of graphite, and the comparison of the comparative examples 4 and 5 with the example 1 shows that the modified aerogel and the thermal radiation coating are mutually matched and cooperated to act, so that the homogeneous plate has good thermal radiation resistance.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples of the homogeneous plate of the present invention and the preparation method and application thereof, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented by the above examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The homogeneous plate is characterized in that the preparation raw materials of the homogeneous plate comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
2. the homogeneous plate according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic hollow microspheres have a particle size of 30 to 60 μm.
3. The homogeneous plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-radiating paint comprises the following components in mass fraction:
preferably, the metal oxide comprises Fe2O3、MnO2、Co2O3CuO and Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of them, preferably Fe2O3And/or Al2O3；
Preferably, the rare earth compound comprises a rare earth oxide;
preferably, the rare earth compound comprises Y2O3、CeO2、Y(PO3)3And La (PO)3)3Any one or a combination of at least two thereof, preferably Y2O3And/or CeO2；
Preferably, the inorganic composite aerogel comprises a silica aerogel;
preferably, the thermal conductivity of the inorganic composite aerogel is 0.01-0.02W (m.K)-1Preferably 0.015W (m.K)-1；
Preferably, the inorganic film-forming material comprises a potassium silicate solution and/or a silica sol, preferably a potassium silicate solution.
4. The homogeneous plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the modified aerogel is a graphite modified silica aerogel.
5. The homogeneous plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method for preparing the graphite modified silica aerogel comprises the following steps:
and mixing the water glass solution with graphite powder, adjusting the pH value to 1-3, heating for reaction, then aging, and drying to obtain the graphite modified silicon dioxide aerogel.
6. The homogeneous plate according to claim 5, wherein the mass percentage of the sodium silicate in the water glass solution is 10-20%;
preferably, the pH is adjusted with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid;
preferably, the adjustment of the pH is carried out at a temperature of 10-20 ℃;
preferably, the heating reaction is a water bath heating reaction, the water bath heating temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the water bath heating time is 0.5-2 hours;
preferably, the aging is to add deionized water into the system for aging;
preferably, the aging time is 1 to 5 hours.
7. Homogeneous plate according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the modulus of the potassium silicate solution is 3.0 to 4.4, preferably 3.5.
8. The method for producing a homogeneous plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: and mixing the raw materials, drying, and performing compression molding to obtain the homogeneous plate.
9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the temperature at the time of press molding is 80 ℃, the time of press molding is 8 hours, and cooling is performed for 24 hours after press molding.
10. Use of a homogeneous panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a building insulation material.
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