CN113336415A - Composite reagent for reducing water content of sludge and use method thereof - Google Patents
Composite reagent for reducing water content of sludge and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113336415A CN113336415A CN202110599343.4A CN202110599343A CN113336415A CN 113336415 A CN113336415 A CN 113336415A CN 202110599343 A CN202110599343 A CN 202110599343A CN 113336415 A CN113336415 A CN 113336415A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
Abstract
A composite medicament for reducing the water content of sludge and a use method thereof, belonging to the field of sludge dewatering medicaments. The composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge comprises a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent, a sludge flocculating agent and a filter aid; the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent is KCl; the sludge flocculant is polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and/or Polyacrylamide (PAM); the filter aid is biomass ash. After the composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge is used for sludge dehydration, the water content of the sludge can be obviously reduced, the using amount of the composite medicament is small, and the dehydration effect is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge dewatering agents, in particular to a composite agent for reducing the water content of sludge and a using method thereof.
Background
The sewage treatment industry in China is vigorously developed, and sludge is generated in large quantity as a final end product of sewage treatment, so that huge burden is caused to the environment. The sludge has extremely high water content, and can be divided into the following parts according to the form of water in the sludge: free water, bound water, which is relatively easy to separate from sludge without being bound by solid particles, but bound water, especially due to the presence of extracellular polymeric substances, causes difficulties in dewatering sludge. The high water content makes storage, transport and subsequent treatment of the sludge extremely difficult. In the prior art, the dehydrating agents are divided into a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method according to different sludge dehydrating technologies, the physical method is very difficult to remove bound water, the biological method is difficult to popularize in industrial application due to the limitation of conditions of the biological method, the chemical method is relatively good in effect, and the operation is simple, so that the dehydrating agents are widely concerned. According to chemical agent classification, the characteristics of the inorganic flocculant are different, for example, the inorganic flocculant achieves dehydration through charge neutralization, double electric layers compression and repulsion reduction, but the dosage is large, the flocculation effect is not good, the organic flocculant not only has the characteristics of the inorganic flocculant, but also can form a net structure, promote the flocculation effect and improve the dehydration performance, and Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a sludge dehydration agent mainly used in various water plants at present, but is high in PAM price and large in dosage. When coagulant aid used alone, the input volume is big, and cause the problem of mud increase-volume easily, and study more than compound flocculation dehydrating agent now, the medicament is various visible, different kinds of mud are tempered the mechanism of medicament effect sludge dewatering and are different, respectively have advantage and drawback in the use, and the dewatering effect is not good, and a lot of compound flocculation dehydrating agent, add surfactant more, the medicament cost has been increased, therefore, seek more high-efficient, and economic novel dehydration medicament, realize the minimizing of mud, become the common demand of sewage treatment trade. In this regard, we propose a compound agent for sludge dewatering, aiming at solving the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of high sludge water content, poor dehydration effect and large medicament consumption in the prior art of sludge dehydration medicaments, and provides a composite medicament for reducing the sludge water content and a use method thereof.
The composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge comprises a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent, a sludge flocculating agent and a filter aid;
the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent is KCl;
the sludge flocculant is polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and/or Polyacrylamide (PAM);
the filter aid is biomass ash.
Further, the biomass ash is incineration ash of biomass.
The biomass is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, soybean hull, peanut hull, bark and wood dust.
Further, the molar amount of the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent accounts for 0.15-0.5 mol/L of the volume amount of the sludge to be dehydrated; according to the solid-liquid ratio, the sludge flocculant is as follows: and (3) when the sludge to be dehydrated is (20-50) mg: 1L; the adding mass of the filter aid is 30-60% of the dry basis mass of the sludge to be dehydrated.
The invention discloses a use method of a composite reagent for reducing the water content of sludge, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stage of deflocculating and destabilizing
Adding a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent into sludge to be dewatered, and uniformly stirring at 80-100 r/min to obtain deflocculated and destabilized sludge; wherein the molar amount of the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent accounts for 0.15-0.5 mol/L of the volume amount of the sludge to be dehydrated;
(2) reflocculating stage
Adding a sludge flocculating agent into the sludge subjected to deflocculation and destabilization, and uniformly and fully stirring at the speed of 150-250 r/min to obtain re-flocculated sludge; wherein, according to the solid-liquid ratio, the sludge flocculant is as follows: and (3) when the sludge to be dehydrated is (20-50) mg: 1L;
(3) stage of filter aid dehydration
And adding a filter aid into the re-flocculated sludge, and continuously stirring uniformly and fully at a stirring speed of 80-100 r/min to obtain the dewatered sludge, wherein the adding mass of the filter aid is 30-60% of the mass of the dry sludge in the sludge to be dewatered.
Preferably, the stirring time in the deflocculation and destabilization stage is 60-120 min.
The sludge to be dehydrated is concentrated sludge with the water content of 97-99%.
The composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge is adopted to carry out sludge dewatering conditioning, the conditioned sludge is dried after vacuum filtration, the water content of sludge cakes is calculated, and the water content of the obtained dewatered sludge is reduced to 60-76%.
The invention has the advantages that: the sludge dewatering composite medicament provided by the invention is composed of three different types of medicaments, and the effect of strengthening sludge dewatering is realized together. The composite medicament adopts KCl as deflocculating and destabilizing medicament, wherein K is+Can be replaced with cations in the sludge to enable the sludge to be deflocculated, and simultaneously, the addition of KCl increases the concentration of sludge salt, so that more intracellular water can be released due to the enhancement of osmotic pressure. And one or two of PAC or PAM flocculants are added, so that the sludge after water is released by deflocculation is reflocculated into larger flocs, and the settling property of the sludge is enhanced. And finally, adding coagulant aid biomass ash (corn straw or soybean hull incineration ash) as a sludge framework supporting material, increasing a sludge hydrophobic channel, enhancing the filtering performance of the sludge, and removing more water in the subsequent mechanical dehydration process. The composite medicament is used for conditioning the sludge, and can achieve the effects of reducing the use amount of the flocculating agent and strengthening sludge dewatering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow of sludge dewatering using a composite chemical for reducing the water content of sludge in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to fig. 1 and the following detailed description.
In the following examples, the method for measuring the water content of the sludge is a gravimetric method, i.e. after the dewatered and conditioned sludge is vacuum filtered, the sludge is dried for several times at 105 ℃ until the weight is constant.
In the following examples, a schematic view of a flow of sludge dewatering using a composite chemical for reducing the water content of sludge is shown in fig. 1.
Example 1
A use method of a compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) sludge flocculation and destabilization: KCl is added into residual sludge of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant with the water content of 98.3 percent, the molar concentration of the KCl in the volume of the sludge is 0.3mol/L, the mixture is fully stirred for 60min, and the stirring speed is 80 r/min.
(2) A sludge reflocculation stage: adding PAM into the KCl-treated sludge to serve as a sludge flocculant, wherein the molar concentration of PAM in the volume of the sludge is 30mg/L, stirring for 30min until the mixture is uniformly and fully mixed, and stirring at the speed of 150r/min to obtain re-flocculated sludge.
(3) Sludge filtration-assisting dehydration stage: adding the corn stalk incineration ash into the re-flocculated sludge, wherein the addition amount of the corn stalk incineration ash is 30% of the weight of the dry sludge, the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring is uniform for 15 min.
The water content of the conditioned sludge cake reaches 71 percent.
Example 2
A use method of a compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) sludge flocculation and destabilization: adding KCl into the residual sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank sludge of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant with the water content of 98.9%, wherein the molar concentration of the KCl in the volume of the sludge is 0.5mol/L, and fully stirring for 120min at the stirring speed of 100 r/min.
(2) A sludge reflocculation stage: adding PAM and PAC into the KCl-treated sludge to be mixed as a sludge flocculant, wherein the PAM: PAC mass ratio is 1: 1, the total molar concentration of the sludge flocculant in the sludge volume is 50mg/L, the stirring time is 60min, the stirring speed is 250r/min, and the sludge is uniformly and fully stirred to obtain re-flocculated sludge.
(3) Sludge filtration-assisting dehydration stage: adding peanut shell incineration ash into the re-flocculated sludge, wherein the addition amount of the peanut shell incineration ash is 50% of the weight of the dry sludge, the stirring speed is 100r/min, and stirring is carried out for 30min until the mixture is uniformly stirred.
The water content of the conditioned sludge cake is reduced to 66.5 percent.
The sludge dewatering is enhanced by adding three different types of medicaments with different properties in sequence. Addition of KCl and cations (such as Mg) in sludge2+、Ca2+Etc.) to cause the sludge to flocculate, while the addition of KCl increases the sludge salt concentration, which allows more intracellular water to be released due to the increased osmotic pressure. The sludge is flocculated into larger sludge flocs again by adding the sludge flocculating agent, the sedimentation performance of the sludge is obviously improved, and finally the sludge is added as a filter aid for sludge dewatering to support a sludge framework, a hydrophobic channel is added, and the sludge filterability is enhanced. The water content of the sludge is obviously reduced.
Example 3
A use method of a compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge comprises the following steps:
according to the composite agent preparation material for reducing the water content of the sludge, the composite agent preparation material comprises three parts, namely an agent 1, a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent which is KCl, an agent 2, a sludge flocculating agent which is PAC, an agent 3, a filter aid and biomass ash (in the embodiment, soybean hull incineration ash).
The dehydration process of the composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge comprises the following steps:
adding the agent 1 into the sludge, and stirring for 120min at a stirring speed of 80r/min, wherein the molar concentration of the agent 1 in the volume of the sludge is as follows: 0.15 mol/L; and then adding the medicament 2 and uniformly stirring for 60min at a stirring speed of 250r/min, wherein the addition amount is 20mg/L, finally adding the medicament 3 and continuously stirring for 30min at a stirring speed of 100r/min, wherein the addition amount is 30% of the dry sludge, and the water content of the obtained dehydrated sludge is reduced to 60%.
Example 4
A use method of a compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) sludge flocculation and destabilization: adding KCl with the molar concentration of 0.5mol/L accounting for the volume of the concentrated sludge into the concentrated sludge with the water content of 99%, stirring for 60min, and controlling the stirring speed to be 100 r/min.
(2) A sludge reflocculation stage: adding two mixtures of a sludge flocculant PAC and PAM into the sludge subjected to flocculation and destabilization, wherein the mixing mass ratio is PAC: and (3) adding PAM (polyacrylamide) in a ratio of 1:2, wherein the total adding amount is 40mg/L, fully and uniformly stirring for 30min, and controlling the stirring speed to be 150 r/min.
(3) And (3) a filtration-assisting dehydration stage: adding biomass ash (wood chip incineration ash in the embodiment) into the re-flocculated sludge after the flocculant is added, wherein the adding amount of the biomass ash is 60% of the dry sludge amount, the stirring time is 15min, and the stirring speed is 80r/min, so that the water content of the obtained dewatered sludge is reduced to 75%.
Example 5
A use method of a compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) sludge flocculation and destabilization: KCl with the molar concentration of 0.3mol/L accounting for the volume of the concentrated sludge is added into the concentrated sludge with the water content of 97-99 percent, the stirring time is 80min, and the stirring speed is controlled to be 90 r/min.
(2) And (3) sludge recondensation stage: adding a sludge flocculant PAM into the sludge after the flocculation and the destabilization, wherein the adding amount is 50mg/L, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture for 40min, and controlling the stirring speed to be 210 r/min.
(3) And (3) a filtration-assisting dehydration stage: biomass ash (in this embodiment, wheat straw incineration ash) is added into the sludge after the flocculant is added, the addition amount of the biomass ash is 50% of the amount of the dry sludge, the stirring time is 20min, the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the water content of the obtained dewatered sludge is reduced to 68%.
Comparative example 1
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent is NaCl;
the water content of the conditioned sludge cake is reduced to 77.8 percent.
Through the comparison example and the implementationExample 1 comparison of dewatering results shows that K + is compared to Na + and sludge cations (e.g., Mg) during sludge deflocculation destabilization2+、Ca2+Etc.), the sludge has better flocculation-decomposing effect, more bound water is released, the sludge dewatering performance is better, and the sludge moisture content is lower.
Comparative example 2
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: in the comparative example, the contents of KCl added sludge are respectively adjusted as follows: 0.05mol/L,0.15mol/L,0.3mol/L,0.5mol/L,0.6mol/L and 0.8mol/L, and the influence of different KCl addition amounts on the change of the water content of the sludge cake is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different KCl addition amounts on the change of water content of sludge cake
By comparing the dewatering effects of the comparative example and the example 1, the difference shows that the addition amount of the KCl is influenced by the change of the water content of the sludge cake, and when the optimal addition amount is 0.15-0.5 mol/L, the water content of the sludge cake can reach 68-75.8%, but 0.6mol/L and 0.8mol/L, and the reduction rate of the water content is reduced by increasing the addition amount of the KCl, so that the optimal addition amount is 0.15-0.5 mol/L.
Comparative example 3
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: the filter aid was replaced with diatomaceous earth, quicklime, fly ash, and the results of the study are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 Effect of different Filter aid additions on the change in the water content of sludge cake
Through the research, when the biomass ash is replaced by the currently common inorganic filter aid, the similar water content of the sludge cake can be obtained, so that the biomass ash serving as the sludge filter aid can play a role in enhancing sludge dewatering. The biomass ash is incineration ash of crop wastes, does not cause secondary pollution to the environment after being added into sludge, embodies waste utilization, treats waste with waste and has no economic burden. Thus, biomass ash is advantageous as a filter aid.
Comparative example 4
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: adjusting the dosage of the biomass ash to be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% of the dry weight of the sludge, and obtaining the corresponding water contents of the sludge cake as follows: 82.6%, 80.2%, 71%, 68.7%, 67%, 63.6%, 63.2%, 63%. The method shows that the final water content of the sludge cake is influenced by the filter aids with different addition amounts, and when the addition amount is more than 60%, the rate of reducing the water content is reduced by increasing the addition amount of the filter aids, so that the optimal addition amount of the filter aids is 30-60%.
Comparative example 5
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: the dosage of the sludge flocculant is adjusted to be 20mg/L, 30mg/L, 40mg/L and 50mg/L, and the water content of the sludge cake is respectively 73.4%, 71%, 64.8% and 60.6%. The influence of the dosage of the sludge flocculant on the water content of the sludge is shown.
Comparative example 6
A sludge dewatering compound agent, which is the same as the agent in the embodiment 1, except that: the effect of different stirring rates and times at each stage is compared as shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 comparison of the effectiveness of different agents at different agitation rates and times at various stages
Note: the water content in the table is measured when the rotating speed of a certain stage is changed for keeping other parameters unchanged.
In addition, in the comparative example, the parameters of the rotating speed and the like are kept consistent with those of the example 1, the time of the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing stage is only changed to 30-50 min and 120-150 min, and the water content of the sludge cake is compared to obtain 79.1 percent and 70.2 percent of the water content of the sludge cake.
According to the comparative example, the final dewatering effect of the sludge cakes can be influenced by different rotation numbers and different flocculation and destabilization time of each stage.
Claims (9)
1. The compound medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge is characterized by comprising a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent, a sludge flocculating agent and a filter aid;
the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent is KCl;
the sludge flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride and/or polyacrylamide;
the filter aid is biomass ash.
2. The composite chemical for reducing the water content of sludge according to claim 1, wherein the biomass ash is biomass incineration ash.
3. The compound agent for reducing the water content of the sludge according to claim 2, wherein the biomass is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, soybean hull, peanut hull, bark and wood chip.
4. The compound agent for reducing the water content of the sludge according to claim 1, wherein the molar amount of the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent accounts for 0.15-0.5 mol/L of the volume amount of the sludge to be dewatered.
5. The compound medicament for reducing the water content of sludge according to claim 1, wherein the sludge flocculant is a mixture of, in terms of solid-to-liquid ratio: and (3) when the sludge to be dehydrated is (20-50) mg: 1L of the compound.
6. The compound agent for reducing the water content of sludge according to claim 1, wherein the added mass of the filter aid is 30-60% of the dry mass of the sludge to be dewatered.
7. The use method of the composite chemical for reducing the water content of the sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) stage of deflocculating and destabilizing
Adding a sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent into sludge to be dewatered, and uniformly stirring at 80-100 r/min to obtain deflocculated and destabilized sludge; wherein the molar amount of the sludge deflocculating and destabilizing agent accounts for 0.15-0.5 mol/L of the volume amount of the sludge to be dehydrated;
(2) reflocculating stage
Adding a sludge flocculating agent into the sludge subjected to deflocculation and destabilization, and uniformly and fully stirring at the speed of 150-250 r/min to obtain re-flocculated sludge; wherein, according to the solid-liquid ratio, the sludge flocculant is as follows: and (3) when the sludge to be dehydrated is (20-50) mg: 1L;
(3) stage of filter aid dehydration
And adding a filter aid into the re-flocculated sludge, and continuously stirring uniformly and fully at a stirring speed of 80-100 r/min to obtain the dewatered sludge, wherein the adding mass of the filter aid is 30-60% of the mass of the dry sludge in the sludge to be dewatered.
8. The use method of the composite reagent for reducing the water content of the sludge according to claim 7, wherein the stirring time in the deflocculation destabilization stage is 60-120 min.
9. The use method of the composite reagent for reducing the water content of the sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that when the sludge to be dewatered is concentrated sludge with the water content of 97-99%; and (3) dewatering and conditioning the sludge by using the composite medicament for reducing the water content of the sludge, drying the conditioned sludge after vacuum filtration, and calculating the water content of sludge cakes, wherein the water content of the obtained dewatered sludge is reduced to 60-76%.
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