CN113335335B - Railway vehicle buffer device and coupler buffer system - Google Patents

Railway vehicle buffer device and coupler buffer system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113335335B
CN113335335B CN202110784298.XA CN202110784298A CN113335335B CN 113335335 B CN113335335 B CN 113335335B CN 202110784298 A CN202110784298 A CN 202110784298A CN 113335335 B CN113335335 B CN 113335335B
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China
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buffer
sleeve
elastic element
shell
boss
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CN113335335A (en
Inventor
刘辉
阳华平
王玉伟
宿方宗
谢想
李辛
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CRRC Brake System Co Ltd
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CRRC Brake System Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110784298.XA priority Critical patent/CN113335335B/en
Publication of CN113335335A publication Critical patent/CN113335335A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00Buffers
    • B61G11/02Buffers with metal springs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00Buffers
    • B61G11/18Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a railway vehicle buffer device and a coupler buffer system, comprising: the buffer is arranged in the shell, and the buffer is axially connected with the shell in a sliding manner; the draw bar is at least partially positioned in the shell, is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the buffer, and is provided with a lug boss at the outer side of one end positioned in the shell; the sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the traction rod and is provided with a notch, the axial size of the notch is larger than that of the boss, and the boss is axially connected with the notch in a sliding manner, so that the sleeve is axially connected with the traction rod in a sliding manner; the stopping part is arranged outside the sleeve and is positioned at one end far away from the opening of the shell; the annular stop piece is arranged on the inner wall of the opening end of the shell; the elastic element is sleeved outside the sleeve, one end of the elastic element abuts against the stopping part, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the annular stopping part; the pretightening force of the elastic element enables one end of the sleeve to be connected with the shell. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, and greatly increases the stretching stroke of the buffer device.

Description

Railway vehicle buffer device and coupler buffer system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle buffering, and particularly relates to a railway vehicle buffering device and a coupler buffering system.
Background
In order to improve the riding comfort of motor train units, urban rail vehicles and the like and reduce the longitudinal impact force transmitted from a coupler between each two rail vehicles, high-speed motor train units and urban rail vehicles generally pursue the adoption of high-performance buffer devices in vehicle end connection at present.
The tension-compression independent buffer device comprises two buffer energy-absorbing parts, namely an elastic element and a buffer, wherein the tensile impact load is buffered and absorbed by the elastic element, and the compressive impact load is buffered and absorbed by the buffer, so that the tension-compression independent buffer device is called as the tension-compression independent buffer device. The buffer device has the advantages that the elastic element is sleeved outside the buffer, so that the buffer device is small in size, light in weight, compact in structure and more widely applied to rail vehicles.
However, in the prior art, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tension-compression independent type buffer device comprises a shell 1, an elastic element 2, a buffer 3 and a traction rod 4, wherein the traction rod 4 is positioned at one end in the shell 1 and is not contacted with the inner wall opposite to the opening in the shell 1, so that partial compression space cannot be utilized, the length of the elastic element is limited, and the tension stroke of the elastic element is short. Illustratively, the stretch stroke is 2 × s, and the cushion stroke is s1. Under the condition that the axial length L and the outer diameter of the buffer device are not changed, when the buffer device is pulled, the stretching stroke of the buffer device is small, so that the capacity of absorbing external stretching impact load energy is limited, and the buffer device is not suitable for occasions with large external stretching impact load energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a railway vehicle buffer device and a coupler buffer system aiming at the technical problems. The buffer device can increase the stretching stroke of the buffer device and enhance the capacity of absorbing external stretching impact load energy under the condition of ensuring that the axial length and the outer diameter of the buffer device are unchanged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a railway vehicle buffer device, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is hollow, one end of the shell is opened, a buffer is arranged in the shell, and the buffer is in axial sliding connection with the shell, and the railway vehicle buffer device also comprises:
the traction rod is at least partially positioned in the shell, the traction rod is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the buffer, and a boss is arranged on the outer side of one end of the traction rod positioned in the shell;
the sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the traction rod, a notch corresponding to the boss is formed in the sleeve, the axial size of the notch is larger than that of the boss, the radial size of the notch is matched with that of the boss, and the boss is axially connected with the notch in a sliding mode, so that the sleeve is axially connected with the traction rod in a sliding mode;
the stopping part is arranged outside the sleeve and is positioned at one end far away from the opening of the shell;
an annular stopper provided on an inner wall of the open end of the housing;
the elastic element is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, one end of the elastic element abuts against the stopping part, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the annular stopping part; the pretightening force of the elastic element enables one end of the sleeve to be connected with the shell.
In the buffering device provided by the technical scheme, two ends of an elastic element are axially limited by a ring-shaped stop part and a stop part of a sleeve respectively, and the elastic element is used for absorbing external tensile impact load energy; the buffer is used for absorbing external compression impact load energy and moves synchronously with the traction rod. The sliding connection between the sleeve and the traction rod is realized through the sliding connection between the notch and the boss, and the pretightening force of the elastic element enables the sleeve to slide to one end part of the sleeve to be connected with the shell. The axial size of the notch and the boss limits the relative sliding range of the traction rod and the sleeve, and the radial size of the notch is matched with the radial size of the boss, so that the relative circular motion of the traction rod and the sleeve can be further prevented. This structure make full use of the compression space of buffer, compare buffer among the prior art, under the condition that does not increase axial length, increased the distance between annular stop piece and the backstop portion, increased the length of the elastic component that can place promptly, and then the tensile stroke of increase elastic component when absorbing tensile impact load energy.
The blocking part of the sleeve is connected with the shell through the pretightening force of the elastic element, the boss axially slides to the right limit position of the notch along the direction of the opening position of the shell, and the buffer device is in a normal state, namely the state that the buffer device does not receive any impact load energy. When the buffer device is subjected to tensile impact load energy, the draw bar drives the sleeve to axially move forwards through the boss, and the elastic element is compressed; when the buffer device is subjected to compression impact load energy, the traction rod moves backwards axially to be compressed.
In some embodiments, at least two bosses are arranged and are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the traction rod, and the number of the notches is the same as that of the bosses.
In the technical scheme, at least two bosses are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the traction rod at intervals, so that the weight of the traction rod can be reduced, the weight of the buffer device can be further reduced, and the bosses are uniformly arranged, so that the buffer device can be uniformly transmitted to the sleeve when being subjected to tensile impact load energy, and an elastic element is compressed to absorb the impact load energy.
In some embodiments, the damping device further comprises a pretensioning member mounted between the annular stop and the resilient element.
In the technical scheme, the annular stop part is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the shell, and the pre-tightening part can be used for applying pre-tightening force to the elastic element in the installation process of the annular stop part, so that the annular stop part is prevented from being directly connected with the elastic element, and the installation of the annular stop part is facilitated.
In some embodiments, the pre-tightening part is of an integrally arranged lantern ring structure, so that the structure is simple and the processing is convenient.
In some embodiments, the pretensioning member is sleeved on the traction rod, the pretensioning member comprises a sleeving part and an acting part, the acting part is connected with the elastic element, and the sleeving part is positioned between the traction rod and the annular stop piece.
In the technical scheme, the action part forms an L-shaped vertical structure and is connected with the elastic element, and the action part, the sleeve, the traction rod and the shell form a roughly closed space for installing the elastic element and limiting the elastic element.
In some of these embodiments, the resilient element is a ring spring.
In some of these embodiments, the buffer is a gas-liquid buffer, a cement buffer, an elastomer buffer.
In some embodiments, a first anti-rotation part is disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and a second anti-rotation part corresponding to the first anti-rotation part is disposed outside the stopping part and axially and slidably engaged with the first anti-rotation part.
This technical scheme prevents through first preventing that the piece and second prevent that the piece axial sliding fit has effectively prevented casing and telescopic relative circular motion, further improves the stability of buffer work.
The invention further provides a coupler buffer system which comprises a coupler and any one of the rail vehicle buffer devices.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention improves the existing buffer device, realizes the axial sliding connection of the draw bar and the sleeve by matching the lug boss and the notch, fully utilizes the vacant space of the compression stroke when the buffer absorbs the energy of the compression impact load, ensures that the buffer device is connected with the shell at one end provided with the stopping part under the normal state under the condition of not increasing the axial length, increases the distance between the annular stopping part and the stopping part, namely increases the space for placing the elastic element, further increases the length of the elastic element placed in the space, and increases the stretching stroke of the buffer device;
2. the radial sizes of the lug boss and the notch are matched, so that the relative circular motion of the traction rod and the sleeve can be effectively prevented, an independent anti-rotation part is not required to be arranged, and the structure is simple;
3. the annular stop piece is provided with the pre-tightening component, and the pre-tightening component provides pre-tightening force for the elastic element, so that the annular stop piece is easier to mount, meanwhile, the abrasion of the elastic element in the mounting process of the annular stop piece is reduced, and the service life of the buffer device is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a normal state structure of a buffering device in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a buffer device in a prior art in a telescopic state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a normal state structure of a buffering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a stretched state of a damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a compressed state structure of a buffering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the drawbar and the socket according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a drawbar according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the above figures: 1. a housing; 11. a first rotation preventing member; 2. an elastic element; 3. a buffer; 4. a draw bar; 41. a boss; 5. an annular stop; 6. a sleeve; 61. a notch; 62. a stopper portion; 621. a second rotation prevention member; 622. a strip-shaped groove; 7. a pre-tightening component; 71. a sheathing part; 72. an action part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures, and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a buffer device for a railway vehicle, which comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is hollow, one end of the shell is opened, a buffer 3 is arranged in the shell 1, the buffer 3 is axially and slidably connected with the shell 1, and the buffer device also comprises:
the traction rod 4 is at least partially positioned in the shell 1, the traction rod 4 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the buffer 3, and a boss 41 is arranged on the outer side of one end of the traction rod 4 positioned in the shell 1;
the sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the traction rod 4, a notch 61 corresponding to the boss 41 is formed in the sleeve 6, the axial size of the notch 61 is larger than that of the boss 41, the radial size of the notch 61 is matched with that of the boss 41, and the boss 41 is in axial sliding connection with the notch 61, so that the sleeve 6 is in axial sliding connection with the traction rod 4;
a stopper 62 disposed outside the sleeve 6 at an end away from the opening of the housing 1;
an annular stopper 5 provided on an inner wall of the open end of the housing 1;
the elastic element 2 is sleeved outside the sleeve 6, one end of the elastic element 2 abuts against the stopping part 62, and the other end of the elastic element 2 abuts against the annular stopping part 5; the pretension of the elastic element 2 connects one end of the sleeve 6 to the housing 1.
With continued reference to fig. 3-8, in this embodiment, the axial sliding of the boss 41 and the notch 61 allows the sleeve 6 and the drawbar 4 to be axially slidably connected, and the sliding fit between the sleeve 6 and the drawbar 4 fully utilizes the compression space of the draft gear 3, thereby increasing the extension stroke of the draft gear without increasing the axial length. Specifically, in the present embodiment, two ends of the elastic element 2 are axially limited by the annular stop 5 and the stop portion 62 of the sleeve 6, respectively, and the draw bar 4 is slidably connected with the sleeve 6, so that after the elastic element 2 is installed, the pretightening force of the elastic element 2 enables one end of the sleeve 6 with the stop portion 62 to slide to be connected with the housing 1, that is, to be connected with the inner wall of the housing 1 opposite to the opening. This structure makes full use of the compression space of the bumper 3, so that the distance between the stopper portion 62 and the annular stopper 5 becomes larger, that is, the length of the elastic element 2 placed within the distance is increased, and the tensile stroke of the elastic element 2 when absorbing the tensile impact load energy is further increased. Illustratively, the extension stroke of the draft gear can be increased by 2 or more times the extension stroke of the prior art draft gear. In this embodiment, the sliding connection between the sleeve 6 and the traction rod 4 is realized by the axial sliding of the boss 41 in the notch 61, the axial size of the notch 61 and the boss 41 limits the relative sliding range between the traction rod 4 and the sleeve 6, the radial size of the notch 61 is matched with the radial size of the boss 41, the relative circular motion between the traction rod 4 and the sleeve 6 can be further prevented, an additional rotation-preventing structure is not required, and the structure is simple.
Further, referring to fig. 6 to 8, at least two bosses 41 are provided and are uniformly arranged outside the drawbar 4, and the number of the notches 61 is the same as that of the bosses 41. In this embodiment, the notches 61 are disposed corresponding to the bosses 41, and the notches 61 are disposed at regular intervals, so that the weight of the sleeve 6 and thus the weight of the buffer device can be reduced. The structure is suitable for a buffer device which has limitations on the diameter size and the whole weight of the shell 1; the bosses 41 and the notches 61 are uniformly arranged, so that when the buffer device is subjected to tensile impact load energy, the tensile impact load energy is uniformly transmitted to the sleeve 6, the elastic element 2 is compressed, and energy absorption is realized. The specific number of bosses 41 may be determined according to the diameter of the actual drawbar 4.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 3 to 5, the damping device further comprises a pre-tightening member 7, the pre-tightening member 7 being mounted between the annular stopper 5 and the elastic element 2; the pre-tightening part 7 is sleeved on the traction rod 4, the pre-tightening part 7 comprises a sleeving part 71 and an acting part 72, the acting part 72 is connected with the elastic element 2, and the sleeving part 71 is positioned between the traction rod 4 and the annular stop part 5. In this embodiment, annular stop member 5 and 1 inner wall threaded connection of casing, pretension part 7 can be used to apply the pretightning force to elastic element 2 in the installation of annular stop member 5, avoids annular stop member 5 directly to be connected with elastic element 2, the installation of annular stop member 5 of being convenient for. Furthermore, the pre-tightening component 7 is of an integrated lantern ring structure, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in processing and installation.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, in the damping device, both ends of the elastic element 2 are axially limited by the acting portion 72 of the pretensioner 7 and the stopper 62 of the sleeve 6, respectively. The acting part 72 of the pretensioning part 7 forms an L-shaped vertical structure which is connected with the elastic element 2, and the L-shaped vertical structure is stable, so that the axial limitation of the elastic element 2 is facilitated. The application portion 72 forms with the socket 6, the traction rod 4 and the housing 1 a substantially closed space for accommodating the elastic element 2; the drawbar 4 is hollow inside for accommodating the buffer 3. Wherein, the elastic element 2 is used for absorbing external tensile impact load energy, and is preferably a ring spring; the buffer 3 is used for absorbing external compression impact load energy, and is preferably a gas-liquid buffer, a cement buffer or an elastomer buffer, and the embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the buffer 3, and the structure of the buffer belongs to the prior art, so that redundant description is omitted.
Further, referring to fig. 3 and 8, a first anti-rotation member 11 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1, and a second anti-rotation member 621 corresponding to the first anti-rotation member 11 is disposed outside the stopping portion 62 and is axially and slidably engaged with the first anti-rotation member 11. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first rotation preventing member 11 is preferably a screw, and the second rotation preventing member 621 is preferably a strip-shaped groove 622 opened along the axial direction, wherein the strip-shaped groove 622 penetrates from one end surface to the other end surface of the stopping portion 62. When the cushion device is subjected to an external tensile or compressive impact load, the screw moves within the strip-shaped groove 622. The cooperation of screw and bar groove 622 has restricted that buffer 3 can only move along axial direction in casing 1, prevents effectively that casing 1 and sleeve 6 are the relative circular motion between casing 1 and the buffer 3, has improved buffer job stabilization nature.
The invention further provides a coupler buffer system which comprises a coupler and the railway vehicle buffer device in any technical scheme.
The following will specifically explain the working principle of the buffering device provided by the present invention with reference to fig. 3 to 8:
as shown in fig. 3, in a normal state of the buffering device, the elastic element 2 has a certain pre-tightening force, two ends of the elastic element 2 respectively abut against the stopping portion 62 of the sleeve 6 and the acting portion 72 of the pre-tightening component 7, the sleeve 6 is influenced by the pre-tightening force of the elastic element 2, so that one end of the sleeve provided with the stopping portion 62 is connected with the housing 1, that is, connected with the inner wall of the housing 1 opposite to the opening, and at this time, the boss 41 contacts with the edge of the notch 61 away from the stopping portion 62.
As shown in fig. 4, under tensile impact conditions, an external tensile impact load may be applied to the drawbar 4 and further to the bumper 3. Under the condition of tensile impact load, the traction rod 4 moves axially forwards, the sleeve 6 is pulled to move axially forwards, the tensile impact load is further transmitted to the stopping part 62 of the sleeve 6 and then to the elastic element 2, and the elastic element 2 is compressed, so that the energy absorption of the tensile impact load is realized. The notch 61 has a radial limiting function on the boss 41, so that the sleeve 6 and the traction rod 4 cannot radially rotate in the process that the traction rod 4 axially moves forwards; the strip-shaped groove 622 limits the first rotation-preventing part 11, so that during the process of moving the sleeve 6 axially forward, the sleeve 6 and the housing 1 do not generate relative circular motion, and the forward moving distance of the traction rod 4 corresponds to the stretching stroke 4 × S shown in fig. 4. Illustratively, the extension stroke is increased by a factor of 2 compared to the cushioning device shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 5, under the condition of compression impact, an external compression impact load may be applied to the drawbar 4 and further to the buffer 3. Under the condition of compression impact load, the buffer 3 carries the traction rod 4 to move axially backwards, so that the energy absorption of the compression impact load is realized. At this time, the boss 41 moves along with the movement of the drawbar 4, and the boss 41 moves axially rearward along the notch 61 under the guiding action of the notch 61, and the distance of rearward movement of the drawbar 4 corresponds to the compression stroke S1 shown in fig. 5.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Railway vehicle buffer, including the casing, inside cavity of casing and one end opening, the inside buffer that is provided with of casing, buffer and casing axial sliding connection, its characterized in that still includes:
the draw bar is at least partially positioned in the shell, the draw bar is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the buffer, and a boss is arranged on the outer side of one end of the draw bar positioned in the shell;
the sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the traction rod, a notch corresponding to the boss is formed in the sleeve, the axial size of the notch is larger than that of the boss, the radial size of the notch is matched with that of the boss, and the boss is axially connected with the notch in a sliding mode, so that the sleeve is axially connected with the traction rod in a sliding mode;
the stopping part is arranged outside the sleeve and is positioned at one end far away from the opening of the shell;
an annular stopper provided on an inner wall of the open end of the housing;
the elastic element is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, one end of the elastic element abuts against the stopping part, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the annular stopping part; the pretightening force of the elastic element enables one end of the sleeve to be connected with the shell.
2. The rail vehicle bumper arrangement according to claim 1, wherein there are at least two bosses uniformly disposed on the outer side of the drawbar, and the number of notches is the same as the number of bosses.
3. The railway vehicle damping device of claim 1, further comprising a pretensioning member mounted between the annular stop and the resilient element.
4. A railway vehicle bumper arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the pretensioning element is an integrally provided collar structure.
5. The railway vehicle damping device of claim 4, wherein the pretensioning member is sleeved on the drawbar, the pretensioning member comprising a sleeved portion and an acting portion, the acting portion being connected to the elastic element, the sleeved portion being located between the drawbar and the annular stop.
6. A railway vehicle damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is a ring spring.
7. The rail vehicle damping device of claim 1, wherein the damper is a gas-liquid damper, a cement damper, or an elastomer damper.
8. The railway vehicle buffer device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a first anti-rotation part is arranged on the inner wall of the housing, and a second anti-rotation part corresponding to the first anti-rotation part is arranged outside the stopping part and is in axial sliding fit with the first anti-rotation part.
9. A coupler draft gear system, comprising a coupler and a railway car draft gear according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202110784298.XA 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 Railway vehicle buffer device and coupler buffer system Active CN113335335B (en)

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CN202110784298.XA CN113335335B (en) 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 Railway vehicle buffer device and coupler buffer system

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CN113335335B true CN113335335B (en) 2023-01-24

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113968257B (en) * 2021-12-01 2023-04-07 中车制动系统有限公司 Vehicle end buffering energy-absorbing device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002009996A1 (en) * 2000-07-29 2002-02-07 Sieghard Schneider Plunger buffer
CN105782308A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-20 廊坊市管道人机械设备有限公司 Bothway shock absorber
CN207842949U (en) * 2014-12-26 2018-09-11 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Buffer, rail vehicle buffer unit and its buffer system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104071175B (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-12-07 常州南车铁马科技实业有限公司 Coupler buffer for railway vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002009996A1 (en) * 2000-07-29 2002-02-07 Sieghard Schneider Plunger buffer
CN105782308A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-20 廊坊市管道人机械设备有限公司 Bothway shock absorber
CN207842949U (en) * 2014-12-26 2018-09-11 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Buffer, rail vehicle buffer unit and its buffer system

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