CN113333943A - Method for replacing industrial-grade operation optical fiber - Google Patents
Method for replacing industrial-grade operation optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113333943A CN113333943A CN202110568276.XA CN202110568276A CN113333943A CN 113333943 A CN113333943 A CN 113333943A CN 202110568276 A CN202110568276 A CN 202110568276A CN 113333943 A CN113333943 A CN 113333943A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
Abstract
The invention discloses a replacement method of an industrial-grade operation optical fiber, which comprises the steps of selecting an operation optical fiber to be replaced, connecting the operation optical fiber to be used with an optical gate, using a pentaprism to assist in adjusting the optical gate, adjusting an optical gate collimating mirror according to an interference fringe pattern observed in a real-time monitoring structure, and monitoring the safety of an optical path. The invention can conveniently replace a single output optical fiber of one optical fiber laser with a plurality of operating optical fibers, can realize the output of 3-kilowatt laser power by channels, can quickly install and adjust system components and ensures the use safety of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-power laser equipment, and particularly relates to a method for replacing an industrial-grade operation optical fiber.
Background
Laser manufacturing has been widely used in the fields of material cutting, welding, cladding, etc., and has become an important choice for modern industrial processing modes. As one of the light sources manufactured by laser, a fiber laser has outstanding advantages in output power, beam quality, processing speed, conversion efficiency, and the like, compared with other types of lasers. In laser manufacturing, an optical fiber that is controlled by a robot arm and acts with a processing material in real time is called an operation fiber, such as a fiber laser output fiber. However, in the process of material processing, the factors of material splashing, dust, light returning and the like can bring safety hazards to the operation of the optical fiber, and the operation of the optical fiber is easy to damage, which is fatal to the optical fiber laser. Once the output optical fiber of the optical fiber laser is damaged, the optical fiber must be returned to the factory for maintenance, and the long maintenance period undoubtedly greatly affects the work of users, and brings non-negligible economic loss. Therefore, how to protect the output fiber of the fiber laser and reduce the probability of damage of the output fiber in the material processing process is very important.
With the continuous development of laser manufacturing, users need to select different types of operating optical fibers according to different processing types, processing material parameters, processing technologies and other factors. The main difference between these operating fibers is the core diameter of the core, which includes, but is not limited to, 100 microns, 200 microns, 400 microns, 600 microns, etc. However, one fiber laser only has one output fiber, and cannot meet the requirements of users on the core diameters of different operation fibers. Users can only purchase a plurality of fiber lasers, which undoubtedly increases the equipment investment cost of the users and occupies a large amount of space. Therefore, how to make one fiber laser realize the function of one machine with multiple purposes becomes a key point in modern laser manufacturing.
In the prior art, an optical fiber beam splitter or a spatial coupling system is adopted to control and distribute laser energy, so that the replacement of an operation optical fiber is realized. The fiber beam splitter is commonly used in low-power laser, cannot meet the use requirement of high-power laser, and needs to be welded with the output fiber of the fiber laser, so that the overall structure of the fiber laser is damaged. The spatial coupling system can effectively bear high-power laser, but the spatial coupling system has strict requirements on the installation and adjustment and coupling deviation of optical elements, and the spatial positions of all components in the system need to be accurately determined, so that the input laser can be accurately coupled into the fiber core of the operating optical fiber. Therefore, a convenient method is needed to realize the auxiliary installation and adjustment of the spatial coupling system, ensure the stability and the easy operability of the optical path adjustment, and reduce the error in the optical path adjustment process.
In addition, the laser power required to be carried by the spatial coupling system is up to ten thousand watts, and when the spatial coupling system works under high-power laser, the transmission coupling efficiency (the efficiency is higher than 95%) of the laser is ensured, and the stability and the safety of the working system are considered. However, under continuous long-term operation conditions, the optical elements in the coupling system present a series of safety hazards. The optical element absorbs partial laser energy, the temperature rises, the optical axis is caused to deviate due to thermal expansion, once the deviation reaches tens of microns, a large amount of laser cannot be coupled into the fiber core of the operating fiber for transmission, the leaked laser power can reach up to kilowatt, and the operating fiber is extremely easy to burn. Secondly, in the using process, factors such as ambient temperature, humidity and vibration affect the stability of the system, and once system elements change, a large deviation error occurs in the optical path, so that the coupling efficiency of the system is reduced, and a large amount of laser is leaked. In a word, the change of the optical path can bring huge potential safety hazard. Therefore, it is also necessary to monitor the change of the optical path in real time during the operation of the optical fiber, so as to avoid the laser power leakage caused by the optical axis deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for replacing an industrial-grade operation optical fiber, which can conveniently replace the output optical fiber of an optical fiber laser with a plurality of operation optical fibers, solve the limitation of single optical fiber output of the optical fiber laser, safely monitor a system and avoid the risk of damaging a laser device caused by the influence of external factors on the system.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for replacing an industrial grade process fiber comprising the steps of:
step 1, replacing an operating optical fiber to be replaced on a machining head by using an optical gate, wherein the optical gate comprises an input bayonet 1, a collimating mirror 2, a real-time monitoring structure 6 and at least two optical gate output channels; each optical gate output channel comprises a reflecting mirror 3, a focusing mirror 4 and an output bayonet 5, wherein a first optical axis is provided with an input bayonet 1, a collimating mirror 2, the reflecting mirror 3 and a real-time monitoring structure 6 in sequence, the working surface of the reflecting mirror 3 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the first optical axis, and the focusing mirror 4 and the output bayonet 5 are arranged in sequence along the direction of a second optical axis after the reflecting mirror 3 is folded; and (5) transferring to the step 2.
And 2, selecting an operating optical fiber to be replaced, connecting the operating optical fiber to be replaced with the input bayonet 1 of the optical gate, and turning to the step 3.
And 3, adjusting the axial position of the optical gate collimating mirror 2 according to the interference fringe pattern observed in the real-time monitoring structure 6 until the fringe is a horizontal fringe, and then, turning to the step 4.
And 4, selecting an optical gate output channel required to be used, connecting a new operating optical fiber with the optical gate output bayonet 5, and turning to the step 5.
And 5, placing a pentaprism 7 between the optical gate collimating lens 2 and the real-time monitoring structure 6, determining the central axis positions of the optical gate focusing lens 4 and the optical gate output bayonet 5 according to the folded optical axis direction, determining the radial positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 at the moment, reasonably placing the axial positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 according to the optical gate space size and the focal length of the focusing lens 4, determining the positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 in the current optical gate output channel at the moment, and turning to the step 6.
And 6, withdrawing the pentaprism 7, placing the reflector 3 at the position of the pentaprism, adjusting the position of the reflector 3 in the current optical shutter output channel to enable the laser to be coupled into the operating optical fiber core in the current optical shutter output channel with high coupling efficiency, and turning to the step 7 after the reflector 3 in the current optical shutter output channel is adjusted.
And 7, judging whether the operation optical fiber needing to be replaced exists according to the processing requirement, if so, returning to the step 4, installing other operation optical fibers needing to be used in other output channels of the optical gate until the operation optical fiber needing to be replaced does not exist, and turning to the step 8 after the operation optical fiber is replaced.
And 8, selecting a new operating optical fiber to work, monitoring the state of the optical device on the optical axis through interference fringes observed by the real-time monitoring structure 6, and closing the laser in time when the included angle between the fringe direction and the vertical direction exceeds a set threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention can replace the output optical fiber of one optical fiber laser with a plurality of operating optical fibers on the premise of not influencing the structure of the optical fiber laser, thereby meeting the requirements of users on the use of the operating optical fibers with different parameters.
(2) The invention can realize the spatial separation of the output fiber and the operation fiber of the fiber laser, avoid the direct action of the output fiber and the processing material of the fiber laser, and can effectively protect the fiber laser.
(3) The invention can assist in adjusting the internal elements of the coupling system, determine the spatial position of each element, ensure the stability and the easy operability of the light path adjustment and reduce the error in the light path adjustment process.
(4) The invention can bear 3-kilowatt laser power, can realize real-time monitoring of a light path in use, enables the system to have feedback characteristics and ensures the safety of laser use.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for replacing an industrial grade optical fiber according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light shutter device used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary adjustment using the pentaprism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of interference fringes detected by the CCD in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the replacement requirement of industrial operation optical fibers, the high-power laser optical gate is adopted to couple the output laser of one optical fiber laser to a plurality of operation optical fibers for transmission, so that one optical fiber laser has a plurality of operation optical fibers with different core diameter sizes, the replacement of the industrial operation optical fibers is realized, and various processing requirements of users can be met. In addition, the optical gate is a space coupling type device, which spatially separates the output fiber of the fiber laser from the optical gate operating fiber, thereby preventing the output fiber of the fiber laser from directly acting on the processing material and effectively protecting the output fiber of the fiber laser. In the using process, if the operating optical fiber of the optical shutter is damaged, a user can immediately replace the operating optical fiber without influencing the continuous production work of the optical shutter.
With reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the method for replacing an industrial grade optical fiber according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, replacing an operating optical fiber to be replaced on a machining head by using an optical gate, wherein the optical gate comprises an input bayonet 1, a collimating mirror 2, a real-time monitoring structure 6 and at least two optical gate output channels; each optical gate output channel comprises a reflecting mirror 3, a focusing mirror 4 and an output bayonet 5, wherein a first optical axis is provided with an input bayonet 1, a collimating mirror 2, the reflecting mirror 3 and a real-time monitoring structure 6 in sequence, the working surface of the reflecting mirror 3 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the first optical axis, and the focusing mirror 4 and the output bayonet 5 are arranged in sequence along the direction of a second optical axis after the reflecting mirror 3 is folded; and (5) transferring to the step 2.
And 2, selecting an operating optical fiber to be replaced, connecting the operating optical fiber to be replaced with the input bayonet 1 of the optical gate, and turning to the step 3.
And 3, adjusting the axial position of the optical gate collimating mirror 2 according to the interference fringe pattern observed in the real-time monitoring structure 6 until the fringe is a horizontal fringe, and then, turning to the step 4.
And 4, selecting an optical gate output channel required to be used, connecting a new operating optical fiber with the optical gate output bayonet 5, and turning to the step 5.
And 5, placing a pentaprism 7 between the optical gate collimating lens 2 and the real-time monitoring structure 6, determining the central axis positions of the optical gate focusing lens 4 and the optical gate output bayonet 5 according to the folded optical axis direction, determining the radial positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 at the moment, reasonably placing the axial positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 according to the optical gate space size and the focal length of the focusing lens 4, determining the positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 in the current optical gate output channel at the moment, and turning to the step 6.
And 6, withdrawing the pentaprism 7, placing the reflector 3 at the position of the pentaprism, adjusting the position of the reflector 3 in the current optical shutter output channel to enable the laser to be coupled into the operating optical fiber core in the current optical shutter output channel with high coupling efficiency, and turning to the step 7 after the reflector 3 in the current optical shutter output channel is adjusted.
And 7, judging whether the operation optical fiber needing to be replaced exists according to the processing requirement, if so, returning to the step 4, installing other operation optical fibers needing to be used in other output channels of the optical gate until the operation optical fiber needing to be replaced does not exist, and turning to the step 8 after the operation optical fiber is replaced.
And 8, selecting a new operating optical fiber to work, monitoring the state of the optical device on the optical axis through interference fringes observed by the real-time monitoring structure 6, and closing the laser in time when the included angle between the fringe direction and the vertical direction exceeds a set threshold value.
Referring to fig. 2, the real-time monitoring structure 6 includes a real-time monitoring mirror 61, a light receiver 62, an attenuation sheet 63, a wedge-shaped flat plate 64, a real-time monitoring focusing mirror 65, and a CCD 66. Install fixed real-time supervision speculum 61, decay piece 63 and the dull and stereotyped 64 of wedge in proper order along first optical axis direction, the front surface of real-time supervision speculum 61 and the dull and stereotyped 64 of wedge is 45 contained angles with first optical axis respectively, and the fixed light ware 62 that receives is installed along the third optical axis direction after real-time supervision speculum 61 turns over, installs fixed real-time supervision focusing mirror 65 and CCD66 in proper order along the fourth optical axis direction after the dull and stereotyped 64 turns over.
The real-time monitoring reflector 61 in the real-time monitoring structure 6 reflects most of the laser light to the light receiver 62 for absorption processing, the laser light transmitted through the real-time monitoring reflector 61 is subjected to energy attenuation through the attenuation sheet 63, the laser light is transmitted to the wedge-shaped flat plate 64 to form shearing interference, and the interference fringes are converged on the CCD66 for observation through the real-time monitoring focusing lens 65.
When laser processing is performed at a processing site, the collimator lens 2 in the shutter absorbs a part of laser energy to increase the temperature, and expands and changes the refractive index, and at this time, the collimation of the laser beam passing through the collimator lens 2 is deteriorated, and the optical axis of the collimator lens 2 is shifted. In addition, when the optical shutter is used, environmental disturbances such as vibration, temperature and humidity changes, etc., may affect the state of devices inside the optical shutter, and may also cause the collimation of the laser light to deteriorate and the optical axis to shift. When the divergence angle of the collimated laser or the offset of the optical axis of the collimating mirror 2 is too large, part of the laser cannot be coupled into the core of the operating fiber, and laser leakage occurs.
Therefore, in conjunction with fig. 4, the collimation of the laser light passing through the collimator lens 2 is monitored according to the direction of the interference fringes detected by the CCD 66. When the stripe direction is parallel to the horizontal direction, the stripe is the horizontal stripe 661, at this time, the laser collimation is good, and the axial position of the collimating mirror 2 is correct. When the stripe direction has an included angle with the horizontal direction, that is, the stripe is the first oblique stripe 662 or the second oblique stripe 663, the laser collimation is poor, and the axial position of the collimating mirror 2 needs to be adjusted. Diameter of light beamdAmount of shear of streaksSWedge plate 64 refractive indexnSpacing of stripesbInclination of the stripeiCalculating the divergence angle of the collimated laser
The laser collimation condition can be accurately known, and the axial position of the collimating mirror 2 is adjusted to enable the divergence angle of the collimated laser to reach a target value.
Referring to fig. 2, the positions of the shutter input bayonet 1, the collimator 2 and the real-time monitoring structure 6 are fixed, and the mirrors 3 in the different shutter output channels can move. When the optical gate is used, the corresponding reflector is selected to enter the light path according to the output channel of the laser output as required, and the unnecessary reflector is removed, so that the sub-channel output function of the optical gate is realized. The spatial position of the focusing mirror 4 can be finely adjusted, so that the laser is efficiently coupled into the fiber core for output, and the power of the transmittable laser can reach 3 ten thousand watts.
The precise positioning of the internal devices of the optical gate is very important, and the position deviation of the devices can cause that laser cannot be efficiently coupled into the operating optical fiber, so that a large amount of laser energy loss is generated, and the operating optical fiber and other devices are easily burnt. With reference to fig. 3, the spatial positions of the mirror 3, the focusing mirror 4 and the output bayonet 5 in the respective output channels of the shutter are determined by means of a pentaprism 7 for additional adjustment. A pentaprism 7 is arranged between the collimating lens 2 and the real-time monitoring structure 6, light beams enter the pentaprism 7 from an incident surface of the pentaprism 7, are output from an emergent surface of the pentaprism 7 after being bent by 90 degrees, the positions of central axes of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 are determined according to the optical axis position of the light beams after being bent by the pentaprism 7, the axial relative positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 are determined according to the focal length of the focusing lens 4, and at the moment, the spatial positions of the focusing lens 4 and the output bayonet 5 are determined. The reflector 3 is used for replacing the pentaprism 7, the spatial position of the reflector 3 is adjusted to enable the coupling efficiency of the laser entering the fiber core in the output bayonet 5 to be maximum, and the spatial position of the reflector 3 is determined at the moment. Therefore, accurate positioning of the internal device of the optical gate is achieved, and the consequence that laser cannot be efficiently coupled into the operating optical fiber due to overlarge assembling and adjusting errors is avoided.
In summary, by the proposed method for replacing the industrial operation optical fiber, the operation optical fiber is replaced by the optical shutter and safety monitoring is performed, so that one operation optical fiber in the laser processing head can be replaced by a plurality of operation optical fibers, and the requirements of users on the use of the operation optical fibers with different parameters are met. Through the auxiliary adjustment of the internal elements of the optical gate system, the spatial positions of the elements can be accurately determined, and the adjustment error in the optical path adjustment process is reduced. Meanwhile, the method can spatially separate the operating optical fiber in the laser processing head from the output optical fiber of the optical fiber laser, so that the direct action of the output optical fiber of the optical fiber laser and the processing material is avoided, and the optical fiber laser can be effectively protected. In a laser processing field, the method can also realize real-time monitoring of the light path, so that the laser system has a feedback characteristic, can sense the change of the optical axis of the system in time, and ensures the safety of laser use.
Claims (6)
1. A method for replacing an industrial grade process fiber, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that 1, an optical shutter is used for replacing an operating optical fiber needing to be replaced on a machining head, wherein the optical shutter comprises an input bayonet (1), a collimating lens (2), a real-time monitoring structure (6) and at least two optical shutter output channels; each optical gate output channel comprises a reflecting mirror (3), a focusing mirror (4) and an output bayonet (5), wherein an input bayonet (1), a collimating mirror (2), the reflecting mirror (3) and a real-time monitoring structure (6) are sequentially arranged on a first optical axis, a working surface of the reflecting mirror (3) forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the first optical axis, and the focusing mirror (4) and the output bayonet (5) are sequentially arranged along a second optical axis direction after the reflecting mirror (3) is folded;
turning to the step 2;
step 2, selecting an operating optical fiber to be replaced, connecting the operating optical fiber to be replaced with the input bayonet (1) of the optical gate, and turning to step 3;
step 3, adjusting the axial position of the optical gate collimating mirror (2) according to an interference fringe pattern observed in the real-time monitoring structure (6) until the fringe is a horizontal fringe, and at the moment, the laser collimation is good, and turning to step 4;
step 4, selecting an optical gate output channel to be used, connecting a new operating optical fiber with an optical gate output bayonet (5), and turning to step 5;
step 5, placing a pentaprism (7) between the optical gate collimating lens (2) and the real-time monitoring structure (6), determining the positions of central shafts of the optical gate focusing lens (4) and the optical gate output bayonet (5) according to the direction of the folded optical axis, determining the radial positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5), reasonably placing the axial positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5) according to the size of the optical gate space and the focal length of the focusing lens (4), determining the positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5) in the current optical gate output channel, and turning to step 6;
step 6, withdrawing the pentaprism (7), placing the reflector (3) at the position of the pentaprism, adjusting the position of the reflector (3) in the current optical gate output channel to enable the laser to be coupled into the operating optical fiber core in the current optical gate output channel with high coupling efficiency, and turning to the step 7 after the reflector (3) in the current optical gate output channel is adjusted;
step 7, judging whether an operating optical fiber needing to be replaced exists according to the processing requirement, if the operating optical fiber needing to be replaced exists, returning to the step 4, installing other operating optical fibers needing to be used in other output channels of the optical gate until the operating optical fiber needing to be replaced does not exist, and turning to a step 8 after the operating optical fiber is replaced;
and 8, selecting a new operating optical fiber to work, monitoring the state of the optical device on the optical axis through interference fringes observed by the real-time monitoring structure (6), and closing the laser in time when the included angle between the fringe direction and the vertical direction exceeds a set threshold value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the real-time monitoring structure (6) comprises a real-time monitoring reflector (61), a light receiver (62), an attenuation sheet (63), a wedge-shaped flat plate (64), a real-time monitoring focusing mirror (65) and a CCD (66);
set gradually real-time supervision speculum (61) along first optical axis direction, decay piece (63) and wedge flat board (64), the front surface of real-time supervision speculum (61) and wedge flat board (64) is 45 contained angles with first optical axis respectively, set up along the third optical axis direction after real-time supervision speculum (61) is turned over and receive optical ware (62), set gradually real-time supervision focusing mirror (65) and CCD (66) along the fourth optical axis direction after wedge flat board (64) is turned over.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of replacing the industrial grade process fiber comprises: most of laser is reflected to a light receiver (62) by a real-time monitoring reflector (61) in the real-time monitoring structure (6) for absorption processing, the laser transmitted through the real-time monitoring reflector (61) is subjected to energy attenuation through an attenuation sheet (63) and is transmitted to a wedge-shaped flat plate (64) to form shearing interference, and interference fringes are converged to a CCD (66) by a real-time monitoring focusing mirror (65) for observation.
4. The method for industrial-scale fiber optic quick replacement and safety monitoring as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the real-time monitoring structure (6), the collimation of the laser passing through the collimating mirror (2) is monitored according to the direction of the interference fringes detected by the CCD (66); when the stripe direction is parallel to the horizontal direction, the stripe is a horizontal stripe (661), the laser collimation is good, and the axial position of the collimating mirror (2) is correct; when an included angle exists between the stripe direction and the horizontal direction, the included angle is the first inclined stripe (662) or the second inclined stripe (663), the laser collimation property is poor, and the axial position of the collimating mirror (2) needs to be adjusted; diameter of light beamdAmount of shear of streaksSRefractive index of wedge-shaped plate (64)nSpacing of stripesbInclination of the stripeiCalculating the divergence angle of the collimated laser
The laser collimation condition can be accurately known, and the axial position of the collimating mirror (2) is adjusted to enable the divergence angle of the collimated laser to reach a target value.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the replacement method of the industrial-grade operation optical fiber is characterized in that the positions of the optical gate input bayonet (1), the collimating mirror (2) and the real-time monitoring structure (6) are fixed, and the reflecting mirrors (3) in different optical gate output channels can move; when the optical gate is used, the corresponding reflector is selected to enter the light path according to the output channel of the laser needing to be output, and the unnecessary reflector is removed, so that the sub-channel output function of the optical gate is realized; the spatial position of the focusing mirror (4) can be finely adjusted, so that the laser is efficiently coupled into the fiber core for output, and the power of the transmitted laser can reach 3 ten thousand watts.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the spatial positions of the reflecting mirror (3), the focusing mirror (4) and the output bayonet (5) in each output channel are determined by auxiliary adjustment of a pentaprism (7); a pentaprism (7) is arranged between the collimating lens (2) and the real-time monitoring structure (6), light beams enter the pentaprism (7) from an incident surface of the pentaprism (7), are output from an emergent surface of the pentaprism (7) after being bent by 90 degrees, the central axis positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5) are determined according to the optical axis position of the light beams after being bent by the pentaprism (7), the axial relative positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5) are determined according to the focal length of the focusing lens (4), and the space positions of the focusing lens (4) and the output bayonet (5) are determined at the moment; the pentaprism (7) is replaced by the reflector (3), the spatial position of the reflector (3) is adjusted to enable the coupling efficiency of the laser entering the fiber core in the output bayonet (5) to be maximum, and the spatial position of the reflector (3) is determined at the moment.
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Citations (12)
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