CN113332937B - Fractal blade stirrer - Google Patents
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- CN113332937B CN113332937B CN202110566017.3A CN202110566017A CN113332937B CN 113332937 B CN113332937 B CN 113332937B CN 202110566017 A CN202110566017 A CN 202110566017A CN 113332937 B CN113332937 B CN 113332937B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fractal blade stirrer which comprises a fixed sleeve, wherein a plurality of fractal blades are connected to the fixed sleeve, the fractal blades are distributed in an annular array by taking the fixed sleeve as the center, each fractal blade comprises at least one small blade, when each fractal blade comprises a plurality of small blades, the small blades are arranged in a rectangular array, then the arrayed small blade groups are symmetrically distributed along a connecting shaft between the fractal blade and the fixed sleeve to form the fractal blades, and the areas of all the small blades are equal. The fractal blade stirrer greatly strengthens the uniform mixing of fluid or the uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids, the interaction of the fractal blade and the fluid leads to the consistency on a macroscopic scale and the uniformly distributed shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy on a microscopic scale, the flow state in a kettle is improved, the fluid mixing efficiency is improved, the power consumption of the stirrer is reduced, and meanwhile, the fractal blade stirrer is simple in structure, easy to process and low in manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stirrer, in particular to a fractal blade stirrer.
Background
With the continuous development of industrial processes and the establishment of the target of "carbon neutralization", the industries of chemical industry, pharmacy, food and wastewater treatment and the like face the serious challenges of "high energy consumption and high pollution", so that it is necessary to develop novel chemical equipment or devices to improve the production efficiency and reduce the production energy consumption. The stirrer is one of important parts of the kettle type reactor, and has the main function of realizing uniform mixing of fluid in the kettle or uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids, so that the stirrer becomes an important factor influencing the energy consumption of the kettle type reactor, is one of research hotspots in the field of chemical process reinforcement for the development of novel stirrers, and has important significance for improving the production efficiency, reducing the production energy consumption and the like.
Common stirrers can be mainly divided into axial flow type, radial flow type and composite stirrers according to the flow form, and about 75-80% of stirring equipment adopts the three types of stirrers. The paddle type suitable for the process is judged according to the purpose of the stirring and mixing process and the flow state formed by the stirrer, such as an axial flow stirrer, because the paddle type is simple in structure, large in axial circulation amount and strong in pumping capacity, the paddle type is generally applied to the current industrial production process, but the shearing capacity is weak, the turbulence degree in the kettle is low, the turbulent kinetic energy in the kettle is only large around the paddle, and the shearing force and the turbulent kinetic energy in the whole reaction kettle are obviously unevenly distributed; while the convection circulation capability, turbulent diffusion and shearing performance of the radial flow type stirrer, such as a Rushton turbine blade, a straight blade, a Boolean type blade, a three-blade sweepback type blade and the like, near the blade are stronger than those of the axial flow type stirrer, but the dead zone volume of the whole kettle is overlarge and the integral mixing effect is poor. Because a single form of agitator does not provide good mixing, researchers have combined axial and radial flow agitators to design a composite agitator that enhances both axial and radial flow and provides good mixing in the kettle.
In fact, the non-uniform mixing of fluids in the kettle or the non-uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids is mainly caused by the anisotropy on the macroscopic scale and the uneven distribution of shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy on the microscopic scale due to the interaction between the stirrer and the fluids, and in order to ensure that a better mixing effect in the kettle is obtained, an appropriate stirrer needs to be improved or developed to improve the flow state of the fluids in the kettle, enhance the local mixing in the kettle, and simultaneously keep high similarity between each local part and the whole, which belongs to the research category of fractal theory.
The most basic characteristic of the fractal theory is that objective objects are described and researched by using a visual angle of fractal dimension and a mathematical method, and the diversity and complexity of the objective objects are better met. The self-similarity is a prominent characteristic of a fractal object, and the fractal dimension can be used for describing the self-similarity degree between the whole body and the part. The appearance of the fractal theory opens up a new way for solving the complex problem, and the application of the fractal theory in the chemical field gradually becomes a research hotspot. For example, the heat exchanger designed based on the fractal theory can effectively reduce the pressure drop of the system and improve the heat transfer performance, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger has a higher heat exchange performance coefficient than a conventional heat exchanger. Under the same reaction conditions, compared with a parallel linear microchannel reactor or a miniature fixed bed reactor, the honeycomb fractal microreactor can provide more uniform temperature distribution, narrower reactant residence time distribution and smaller pressure drop per unit length. Aiming at the problem of uniform dispersion of gas-solid two phases in a fluidized bed reactor, the distribution amount of a fractal gas distributor reported in the literature is higher than that of a gas distributor without a fractal structure, which shows that the fractal structure enables the radial distribution in the fluidized bed reactor to be more uniform.
Aiming at the design of the stirrer, a fractal paddle type stirrer developed on the basis of a fractal theory is proved to be capable of strengthening the dispersion process of multiphase flow in a kettle. Patent CN109939585A discloses a fractal combined stirring paddle for material mixing, which includes a plurality of sheet fractal blades and a plurality of frame fractal blades, and the sheet fractal blades and the frame fractal blades are alternately distributed. In the rotating process of the paddle, the blade wake vortexes are decomposed into a plurality of small vortexes through the fractal structures at the outer edge of the sheet-type fractal blade and the inner edge of the frame-type fractal blade, so that the energy transfer efficiency of the blade is improved, the turbulence degree of fluid is enhanced, a regular region in a flow field is eliminated, the fluid is fully mixed, the mixing efficiency of the fluid is improved, and the mixing process of the fluid is enhanced.
Patent CN106693745A discloses a multi-blade combined stirrer, which includes a fixed ring, and a composite blade connected with the fixed ring and extending from the fixed ring, wherein the composite blade includes a connecting blade, an upper long blade, an upper wide blade, a lower long blade, and a lower wide blade. The stirrer can enable the fluid to generate uniform axial and radial compound flow in the rotating process, and is used for single-phase fluid mixing, liquid-liquid dispersion, gas-liquid, liquid-solid or gas-liquid-solid dispersion processes in stirring kettles with different height-diameter ratios (H/T). The multi-blade combined stirrer generates vertically symmetrical vortex flow, the mutual exchange effect of the vortex flow and the vortex flow can enhance the integral axial mixing effect of the stirring kettle, and the multi-blade combined stirrer can be regarded as the combination of countless radial flow type stirring paddles in the axial direction. However, the multi-blade combined stirrer only has two up-and-down symmetrical vortex flows, the exchange action capacity of the two is limited, and the axial mixing capacity needs to be further enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a fractal blade stirrer, which solves the problems of nonuniform fluid mixing or nonuniform dispersion among multiphase fluids and the like caused by nonuniform distribution of shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy of most of traditional stirring paddles in a kettle.
The technical scheme is as follows: the fractal blade array comprises a fixed sleeve, wherein a plurality of groups of fractal blades are connected on the fixed sleeve, the plurality of groups of fractal blades are distributed in an annular array by taking the fixed sleeve as the center, each group of fractal blades comprises at least one small blade, when each group of fractal blades comprises a plurality of small blades, the small blades are subjected to rectangular array, then the well-arrayed small blade groups are symmetrically distributed along a connecting shaft between the fractal blades and the fixed sleeve to form the fractal blades, and the areas of all the small blades are equal.
The fractal blades are at least 2 groups.
The small blades are H-shaped small blades which are uniformly distributed in the stirring kettle.
The ratio of the height to the width of the H-shaped small blade is 1:1-1: 3.
All concave areas of the H-shaped small blades are consistent in size.
The ratio of the height of the concave area of the H-shaped small blade to the height of the H-shaped small blade is 1:5-1: 3.
The ratio of the width of the concave area of the H-shaped small blade to the width of the H-shaped small blade is 1:5-1: 2.
The distances between two H-shaped small blades which are adjacent up and down in the small blade group are equal.
The distances between two H-shaped small blades adjacent to each other on the left and right in the small blade group are equal.
And the small blades in the fractal blades are connected through a vertical connecting shaft in the vertical direction.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the fractal blade stirrer greatly strengthens the uniform mixing of fluid or the uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids, the interaction of the fractal blade and the fluid leads to the consistency on a macroscopic scale and the uniformly distributed shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy on a microscopic scale, the flow state in a kettle is improved, the fluid mixing efficiency is improved, the power consumption of the stirrer is reduced, and meanwhile, the fractal blade stirrer is simple in structure, easy to process and low in manufacturing cost;
(2) the H-shaped small blades of the fractal blade stirrer are uniformly distributed in the stirring kettle, the area of each H-shaped small blade is equal, and in the stirring process, the fractal blade and fluid interact to cause consistency on a macroscopic scale and shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy uniformly distributed on a microscopic scale, so that the flow state in the kettle is improved, and the fluid mixing efficiency is improved;
(3) in the stirring process, compared with long and wide blades of a multi-blade combined stirrer, the vertical outer edges of the H-shaped small blades push fluid to move radially, the fluid between two adjacent H-shaped small blades of each group of fractal blades moves axially, and a vortex formed by axial and radial compound motion can be considered to exist around each H-shaped small blade, the high similarity is kept between each local part and the whole in the kettle, the vortexes in the kettle are horizontally and symmetrically distributed, the number of the symmetric vortexes is increased, the mutual exchange effect of the symmetric vortexes is further enhanced, and the axial mixing effect of the whole in the kettle is further enhanced;
(4) compared with a multi-blade combined stirrer, when the area of the stirrer is the same, the total length of the fractal blade stirrer after iteration is longer than the perimeter of the composite blade, which shows that the outer edge of the fractal blade has stronger ability of generating turbulent eddies, the number of the turbulent eddies in the kettle is increased, so that the material exchange ability and the energy transfer efficiency are enhanced, the mixing efficiency is improved, and the power consumption of the stirrer is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blade agitator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fractal blade stirrer obtained by one iteration on the basis of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fractal blade stirrer obtained by carrying out two iterations on the basis of fig. 1 and obtaining n-2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fractal blade stirrer obtained by carrying out two iterations on the basis of fig. 1 and obtaining n-3;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fractal blade stirrer structure obtained by two iterations on the basis of fig. 1 and n-4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the fractal blade array comprises a fixed sleeve 2, n groups of fractal blades 1 are connected to the fixed sleeve 2, the fractal blades 1 are at least 2 groups, preferably, n is not less than 2 and not more than 4, a plurality of groups of fractal blades 1 are distributed in an annular array by taking the fixed sleeve 2 as a center, each group of fractal blades 1 comprises at least one H-shaped small blade 5, when each group of fractal blades 1 comprises a plurality of H-shaped small blades, the H-shaped small blades are arranged in a rectangular array, and then the arrayed small blade groups 6 are symmetrically distributed along a horizontal connecting shaft 3 between the fractal blades 1 and the fixed sleeve 2 to form the fractal blades 1. H-shaped small blades 5 in the fractal blade 1 are connected in the vertical direction through a vertical connecting shaft 4.
The areas of all the H-shaped small blades 5 are equal, and the ratio of the height to the width of the H-shaped small blades 5 is 1:1-1:3, preferably 1: 2. All concave areas of the H-shaped small blades 5 are consistent in size, and the ratio of the height of the concave areas to the height of the H-shaped small blades 5 is 1:5-1: 3; the ratio of the width of the concave area to the width of the H-shaped leaflet 5 is between 1:5 and 1: 2. The distance between two adjacent H-shaped small blades 5 in the small blade group 6 is equal, and the distance between two adjacent H-shaped small blades 5 is equal.
The Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) technology is an advanced technology for quantitatively evaluating the fluid mixing effect, and the main principle is to use fluorescent substances (such as rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, acetone and the like) as tracers, to generate visible light with a certain wavelength under the induction and excitation of laser, and to continuously capture the visible light with the wavelength by using a high-speed digital camera (1280 × 1024 pixels). When the concentration of the tracer in the solution is within a certain range, the concentration of the tracer and the gray value of a picture capturing visible light from the concentration region form a linear relation, so that the concentration field of the mixing region can be measured by a laser-induced measurement technology, the mixing condition between fluids is further analyzed, and the measuring method is used for evaluating the mixing effect of the stirrer provided with the fractal blades. Evaluating the stirrer provided by the invention, and when the evaluation system is liquid-liquid mixing, adopting rhodamine B as a tracer, wherein the wavelength of a laser is set to be 532 nm; the concentration field distribution patterns on 200 two-dimensional planes passing through the stirring shaft are continuously collected in the experimental process, and the corresponding mixing time is evaluated when the concentration field reaches 95% of uniformity, so that the practical effects of the stirrer in the aspects of strengthening the liquid mixing process and shortening the mixing time are evaluated.
Example 1:
the diameter of the stirring kettle is 0.4m, the height is 1m, four baffles with the width of 0.04m are uniformly distributed on the wall surface, and the stirring volume is about 0.06m3The liquid level is 0.48m high, and the blade stirrer is arranged on a central shaft with the diameter of 20mm through a fixed sleeve 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the stirrer has 3H-shaped small blades 5, each blade has a width of 75mm, a height of 150mm and a thickness of 5mm, and the height of the blade from the bottom of the kettle is 80mm, three H-shaped small blades 5 are arrayed along the center ring of the fixing sleeve 2 in the kettle-type reactor, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 120rpm, 180rpm and 240rpm, the power of the stirrer is 115.4W, 389.5W and 923.2W, and the mixing time corresponding to 95% uniform mixing is 20.3 seconds, 14.7 seconds and 10.8 seconds according to the evaluation result of laser-induced fluorescence.
Example 2:
the diameter of the stirring kettle is 0.6m, the height is 1.0m, four baffles with the width of 0.06m are uniformly distributed on the wall surface, and the stirring volume is about 0.23m3The liquid level is 0.8m, and the fractal blade stirrer is arranged on a central shaft with the diameter of 40mm through a fixed sleeve 2. As shown in fig. 2, with the fractal blade stirrer obtained by one-time fractal in the above example, 6H-shaped small blades 5 were used, each blade was 80mm long, 8mm wide, and 160mm high, and the height of the blade from the bottom of the kettle was 100mm, n-group shaped blades were uniformly and axisymmetrically arranged in the kettle reactor along the annular direction of the fixed sleeve, each H-shaped small blade was symmetrically distributed along the vertical connecting shaft, the rotation speed of the stirrer was 170rpm, 255rpm, and 341rpm, the power of the stirrer was 461.8W, 1558.3W, and 3695.9W, and the mixing time corresponding to 95% uniform mixing was 18.1 seconds, 12.8 seconds, and 9.4 seconds according to the evaluation result of laser-induced fluorescence.
Example 3:
the diameter of the stirring kettle is 1m, the height of the stirring kettle is 1.6m, four baffles with the width of 0.06m are uniformly distributed on the wall surface, and the stirring volume is about 0.94m3The liquid level is 1.2m, and the fractal blade stirrer is arranged on a middle shaft with the diameter of 200mm through a fixed sleeve. As shown in fig. 3, using the double-fractal in the above example, and n is 2, the obtained fractal blade stirrer had 16 fractal blades, each H-shaped small blade having a length of 50mm, a width of 8mm, a height of 100mm,and the height of the blades from the bottom of the kettle is 200mm, n groups of blades in the kettle reactor are uniformly and axisymmetrically arranged along the annular direction of the fixed sleeve, each H-shaped small blade is symmetrically distributed along the vertical connecting shaft, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 258.6rpm, 390rpm and 517rpm, the power of the stirrer is 1847.2W, 6353.2W and 14783.6W, and according to the evaluation result of laser-induced fluorescence, the mixing time corresponding to 95% uniform mixing is 15.1 seconds, 11.3 seconds and 7.3 seconds.
Example 4:
the diameter of the stirring kettle is 1m, the height of the stirring kettle is 1.6m, four baffles with the width of 0.06m are uniformly distributed on the wall surface, and the stirring volume is about 0.94m3The liquid level is 1.2m, and the fractal blade stirrer is arranged on a middle shaft with the diameter of 200mm through a fixed sleeve. As shown in fig. 4, by using the second fractal in the above example, and n is 3, the obtained fractal blade stirrer has 24 fractal blades, each H-shaped blade has a length of 50mm, a width of 8mm, and a height of 100mm, and the blades are 100mm from the bottom of the kettle, the n fractal blades are uniformly and axisymmetrically arranged along the annular direction of the fixed sleeve in the kettle reactor, each H-shaped blade is symmetrically distributed along the vertical connecting shaft, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 240rpm, 362rpm, and 480rpm, the power of the stirrer is 1847.2W, 6353.2W, and 14783.6W, and according to the evaluation result of laser induced fluorescence, the mixing time corresponding to 95% uniform mixing is 12.3 seconds, 9.9 seconds, and 6.2 seconds.
Example 5:
the diameter of the stirring kettle is 2m, the height is 2.8m, four baffles with the width of 0.2m are uniformly distributed on the wall surface, and the stirring volume is about 7.54m3The liquid level is 2.4m, and the fractal blade stirrer is arranged on a middle shaft with the diameter of 600mm through a fixed sleeve. As shown in fig. 5, by using the second fractal in the above example, and n is 4, the obtained fractal blade stirrer has 32 fractal blades, each H-shaped small blade has a length of 100mm, a width of 8mm and a height of 200mm, and the blade is 500mm from the bottom of the kettle, n sets of fractal blades are uniformly and axially symmetrically arranged in the kettle reactor along the annular direction of the fixed sleeve, each H-shaped small blade is symmetrically distributed along the vertical connecting shaft, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 349rpm, 541rpm and 718rpm, the power of the stirrer is 12376.2W, 42566.4W and 99050.1W, and according to the evaluation result of laser-induced fluorescence, 95% of all fractal blades are obtainedMixing times for one mixing were 12.6 seconds, 10.3 seconds, 6.5 seconds.
The stirrer provided by the invention generates more turbulent vortexes through the fractal arrangement of the H-shaped small blades, the number of the turbulent vortexes in the kettle is increased, so that the material exchange capacity and the energy transfer efficiency are enhanced, meanwhile, the number of the vortexes which are symmetrical up and down is increased, the integral axial mixing effect in the kettle is further improved, according to the evaluation result of laser-induced fluorescence, the mixing time corresponding to 95% uniform mixing is shorter, and the mixing efficiency is obviously improved. The example results show that the mixing efficiency is further improved with the increase of the number of the fractal blade groups, and meanwhile, the mixing time is remarkably shortened with the increase of the iteration times of the fractal blade stirrer. In addition, under the condition of the same power per unit volume (P/V), the fractal blade stirrer has better amplification effect by comparing the mixing time.
In order to further strengthen the uniform mixing of fluids in the kettle-type reactor or the uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids, the fractal theory is applied to the structural improvement of a multi-blade combined stirrer, a stirrer with fractal blades is developed, the adopted H-shaped small blades can strengthen the axial and radial flow around the blades, meanwhile, the fractal arrangement of the blades ensures that the local part and the whole have similarity, the axial and radial flow of all areas in the kettle, the material exchange and momentum transfer in the axial direction and the radial direction are strengthened, and the problems of non-uniform mixing of the fluids or non-uniform dispersion among the multiphase fluids and the like caused by the non-uniform distribution of the shearing force and the turbulent kinetic energy in the kettle of most of traditional stirring paddles can be solved.
The stirrer provided by the invention can be used for uniformly mixing fluids or uniformly dispersing multiphase fluids in the industries of strengthening chemical industry, petrochemical industry, biological pharmacy, food and wastewater treatment and the like. The fractal blade arrangement is utilized to strengthen the axial and radial flow of fluids in all regions in the kettle, enhance the material exchange and momentum transfer in the axial and radial directions, improve the flow state in the kettle, improve the fluid mixing efficiency, strengthen the fluid mixing process, and solve the problems of non-uniform mixing of fluids or non-uniform dispersion among multiphase fluids caused by non-uniform distribution of shearing force and turbulent kinetic energy in the kettle of most of traditional stirring paddles.
Claims (8)
1. The fractal blade stirrer comprises a fixed sleeve (2) and is characterized in that the fixed sleeve (2) is connected with a plurality of fractal blades (1), the fractal blades (1) are distributed in an annular array by taking the fixed sleeve (2) as a center, each fractal blade (1) comprises at least one small blade, each fractal blade (1) comprises a plurality of small blades, a rectangular array of the small blades forms a small blade group (6), the small blade group (6) is symmetrically distributed along a connecting shaft between the fractal blade (1) and the fixed sleeve (2) to form the fractal blades, the areas of all the small blades are equal, the small blades adopt H-shaped small blades (5), and the sizes of all concave areas of the H-shaped small blades (5) are equal.
2. A fractal blade agitator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fractal blades (1) are in at least 2 groups.
3. A fractal blade stirrer according to claim 1, characterised in that the ratio of height and width of the H-shaped blades (5) is between 1:1 and 1: 3.
4. A fractal blade agitator as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the ratio of the height of the concave region of the H-shaped bladeletts (5) to the height of the H-shaped bladeletts (5) is between 1:5 and 1: 3.
5. A fractal blade stirrer according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the width of the concave region of the H-shaped blades (5) to the width of the H-shaped blades (5) is between 1:5 and 1: 2.
6. A fractal blade agitator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between two H-shaped blades (5) adjacent up and down in the set of blades (6) is equal.
7. A fractal blade stirrer according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the distance between two H-shaped blades (5) adjacent to each other on the left and right in the blade group (6) is equal.
8. A fractal blade agitator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the small blades in the fractal blade (1) are connected with each other in the vertical direction through a vertical connecting shaft (4).
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| CN113952913B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-01-24 | 重庆工商大学 | Z-shaped overlapped stirring paddle for enhancing fluid mixing |
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| CN106669505A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Stirring apparatus for residue soil improvement experiment |
| CN106693745A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-24 | 东南大学 | Multiblade combined impeller |
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| CN208869348U (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-05-17 | 南丰县华夏五千年生态酒庄有限公司 | Produce fruit wine anaerobic water preparation apparatus |
| CN109939585A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-28 | 重庆工商大学 | It is a kind of to divide shape agitatortype for material mixing |
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| CN106693745A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-24 | 东南大学 | Multiblade combined impeller |
| CN106669505A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Stirring apparatus for residue soil improvement experiment |
| CN207016694U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | 黄山森林之宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Japanese Premna pectin extraction device |
| CN108443069A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-24 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of stirring heating blade of variable pitch |
| CN108355385A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-03 | 浙江两山信息科技有限公司 | A kind of bio-pharmaceuticals extracting solution filter device for being easy to be sufficiently stirred and grind |
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| CN109939585A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-28 | 重庆工商大学 | It is a kind of to divide shape agitatortype for material mixing |
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