CN113331905A - High-precision bone traction automatic drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-precision bone traction automatic perforator, which comprises a base, a positioning ring and an automatic firing pin device, wherein the positioning ring is fixedly arranged on the base and is used for placing the crus of a patient; the side surface of one side of the positioning ring is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole, the side surface of the other side of the positioning ring is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole, and the spicule penetrating holes are the same in number and are in one-to-one coaxial correspondence; the automatic firing pin device is arranged on the base and comprises a firing pin frame, a firing pin shaft, a firing pin head, a damping cylinder and a reciprocating motion driving mechanism. The invention has smart structure and reasonable design, and the positioning ring is used for placing the shank of the patient by arranging the base, the positioning ring and the automatic striker device, so that the shank of the patient can be kept stable in the bone traction drilling process; the automatic firing pin device can rapidly strike the tail end of the bone pin for many times, and efficiently and accurately completes the driving-in operation of the bone pin.

Description

High-precision bone traction automatic drilling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an orthopedic treatment instrument, in particular to a high-precision automatic bone traction drilling machine, and belongs to the technical field of design of medical instruments.

Background

At present, the treatment method from the lower limb fracture of a patient to before operation is affected limb bone traction fixation, the operation of bone hitting traction mainly depends on personal experience of doctors, the puncture and positioning of bone needles depends on personal feeling, the accuracy cannot be really achieved during the bone hitting traction, the positions where the bone needles penetrate out often deviate from the expected positions, and the operation of bone hitting traction of the doctors is manual operation (repeatedly hitting the bone needles by hammers) at present, the time consumption is long, the speed is slow, and the pain of the patient is severe.

Therefore, there is a need to design an automatic bone distraction drill to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a high-precision bone traction automatic drilling device which is ingenious in structure and reasonable in design, can automatically and quickly knock a bone needle, completes bone needle puncture in a short time, can keep the shank of a patient stable in the bone traction drilling process, and ensures the drilling accuracy.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention: high accuracy bone traction automatic drilling ware, its characterized in that: the automatic firing pin device comprises a base, a positioning ring and an automatic firing pin device, wherein the positioning ring is fixedly arranged on the base and is used for placing the crus of a patient; the side surface of one side of the positioning ring is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole, the side surface of the other side of the positioning ring is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole, and the spicule penetrating holes are the same in number and are in one-to-one coaxial correspondence; the automatic needle striking device is arranged on the base and comprises a needle striking frame, a needle striking shaft, a needle striking head, a damping cylinder and a reciprocating motion driving mechanism, wherein the needle striking frame is fixedly arranged on the base, the reciprocating motion driving mechanism is arranged on the needle striking frame, the needle striking shaft is fixedly connected with a reciprocating motion part of the reciprocating motion driving mechanism, two 180-degree symmetrical limiting grooves are formed in the side wall of the needle striking shaft along the axial direction, and saw-shaped racks with forward tooth tips are arranged in the limiting grooves; an axial connecting hole is formed in the center of the rear part of the striker head, the front part of the striker shaft is inserted into the axial connecting hole, two elastic bayonet locks which are symmetrical at 180 degrees are installed on the side wall of the rear part of the striker head, and the inner ends of the elastic bayonet locks are embedded in the saw-shaped rack when the striker head is not influenced by external force; the damping cylinder is sleeved outside the needle head, friction damping is arranged between the damping cylinder and the needle head, the friction force is adjustable, and the damping cylinder is fixedly connected to the reciprocating motion driving mechanism through the support rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, the reciprocating motion driving mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, a runway-type gear ring, a sector gear, a gear shaft and a driving motor reducer, wherein the mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the needle striking frame, a chute is arranged in the mounting bracket, the runway-type gear ring is slidably mounted in the chute, a section of upper rack is arranged on the inner side of the upper straight edge of the runway-type gear ring, a section of lower rack is arranged on the inner side of the lower straight edge of the runway-type gear ring, the sector gear is mounted at the central position in the runway-type gear ring, the sector gear is alternately meshed with the upper rack and the lower rack during rotation, the gear shaft is fixedly mounted at the center of the sector gear, the gear shaft penetrates through the back of the mounting bracket and is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor reducer, and the driving motor reducer is mounted on the back of the mounting bracket; the rear end of the needle head is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the front arc edge of the runway type gear ring.

As a further improvement of the invention, the firing pin frame comprises a frame seat, a screw rod, a hand wheel, a screw seat, a connecting plate, a longitudinal sliding body, an adjusting bolt and a vertical sliding body, wherein the frame seat is fixedly arranged on the base, the longitudinal sliding body is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the frame seat through a dovetail sliding groove structure, the connecting plate is arranged on the rear side surface of the longitudinal sliding body, and the head end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate; the screw seat is arranged on the upper surface of the frame seat, the screw is arranged in the screw seat in a threaded manner, and the tail end of the screw is provided with a hand wheel; the vertical sliding body is slidably mounted on the front surface of the longitudinal sliding body through a dovetail sliding groove structure, the upper end of the longitudinal sliding body is provided with an adjusting mounting table, and an adjusting bolt is mounted on the adjusting mounting table; the back of the vertical sliding body is provided with a connecting table, the connecting table penetrates through the back surface of the vertical sliding body and is exposed, the lower end of the adjusting bolt is connected to the connecting table in a threaded mode, and the reciprocating motion driving mechanism is fixedly installed on the vertical sliding body.

As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic bayonet lock comprises a pin sleeve, a spring and a pin, wherein the outer wall of the pin sleeve is provided with external threads, the pin sleeve is arranged in the hitting head in a threaded manner, the spring and the pin are arranged in the pin sleeve, the front end of the pin is provided with a pin head, the front end of the pin sleeve is provided with a through hole, the pin head of the pin penetrates out of the through hole and is exposed, the pin is provided with a step to prevent the pin from being separated, the spring is sleeved at the rear part of the pin, one end of the spring is abutted against the inner side surface of the tail end of the pin sleeve, the other end of the spring is connected with the pin, and the; the tail of the pin column is provided with a metal block which can be adsorbed by the magnet, or the whole pin column is made of a metal material which can be adsorbed by the magnet.

As a further improvement of the invention, the damping cylinder comprises an outer cylinder body and a damping friction block, wherein at least one notch penetrating from one end of the damping cylinder to the other end of the damping cylinder is axially formed in the inner wall of the outer cylinder body, the damping friction block with the same shape is installed in the notch, a nut is embedded in the back of the damping friction block, an adjusting screw capable of freely rotating is installed on the outer cylinder body, and the inner end of the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the nut.

As a further improvement of the invention, a guide sleeve corresponding to the bone needle penetrating hole is further arranged on the side surface of one side of the positioning ring, a guide through hole for guiding the bone needle to penetrate is arranged in the center of the guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is used for guiding the bone needle to enter.

As a further improvement of the invention, the guide sleeve is screwed on the positioning ring and can be movably detached.

As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the fixed rod is hinged with one side of the positioning ring, the other end of the fixed rod is provided with a connector, the inner side surface of the connector is provided with a plurality of ratchets, the outer surface of the other side of the positioning ring is provided with a clamping table which is matched with the ratchets to lock, and the outer side surface of the connector is provided with a pulling ring which is used for reversely pulling the connector to unlock.

As a further improvement of the invention, the inner side surface of the fixed rod is provided with an elastic cushion body.

As a further improvement of the invention, the four corners of the bottom of the base are provided with fixing bolts.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the invention has smart structure and reasonable design, and the positioning ring is used for placing the shank of the patient by arranging the base, the positioning ring and the automatic striker device, so that the shank of the patient can be kept stable in the bone traction drilling process; the automatic firing pin device can rapidly strike the tail end of the bone pin for many times, and efficiently and accurately completes the driving-in operation of the bone pin.

2) The needle beating frame in the automatic needle beating device can be adjusted in multiple directions, and in clinical operation, after a doctor selects a proper bone needle penetrating hole according to individual conditions of patients (the thickness of shanks of different patients is large), the position of a needle beating head in the automatic needle beating device can be quickly adjusted in an adaptive manner, so that the operation requirements are met.

3) The invention is provided with the guide sleeve to guide the entry of the bone pin, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling; and the guide sleeve can be movably disassembled, so that the guide sleeves with different inner diameters can be replaced according to the selected specification of the bone needle, and the guide accuracy and reliability of the bone needle are ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a needle striking frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural sectional view of the automatic striker device without the striker frame in the embodiment of the present invention [ in the direction B in fig. 2 ].

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the point C in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure and the matching condition of the elastic bayonet and the saw-shaped rack in the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals: 1-base, 2-positioning ring, 2 a-spicule through hole, 2 b-spicule through hole, 2 c-clamping table, 3-fixing rod, 3 a-connector, 3 b-ratchet, 3 c-pulling ring, 4-spicule holder, 4.1-frame base, 4.2-screw, 4.3-handwheel, 4.4-screw base, 4.5-connecting plate, 4.6-longitudinal sliding body, 4.6 a-adjusting mounting table, 4.7-adjusting bolt, 4.8-vertical sliding body, 4.8 a-connecting table, 5-spicule shaft, 6-spicule head, 7-damping cylinder, 7.1-outer cylinder, 7.2-damping friction block, 7.3-nut, 7.4-adjusting bolt, 8-saw-shaped rack, 9-elastic clamping pin, 9.1-pin sleeve, 9.2-spring-type clamping pin, 9.3-pin column, 9.4-metal block, 10-support rod, 11-mounting support, 12-runway type gear ring, 12 a-upper rack, 12 b-lower rack, 13-sector gear, 14-gear shaft, 15-driving motor reducer, 16-guide sleeve, 16 a-guide through hole, 17-elastic cushion body, 18-fixing bolt and 19-spicule.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment discloses a high-precision bone traction automatic borer, which comprises a base 1, a positioning ring 2 and an automatic firing pin device, wherein the positioning ring 2 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the positioning ring 2 is used for placing a shank of a patient, a fixing rod 3 which can be opened or closed is arranged on the positioning ring 2, and the fixing rod 3 is used for limiting the shank; two spicule penetrating holes 2a are formed in the side face of one side of the positioning ring 2, two spicule penetrating holes 2b are formed in the side face of the other side of the positioning ring 2, and the two spicule penetrating holes 2b are in one-to-one coaxial correspondence with the two spicule penetrating holes 2 a; the automatic needle striking device is arranged on the base 1 and comprises a needle striking frame 4, a needle striking shaft 5, a needle striking head 6, a damping cylinder 7 and a reciprocating motion driving mechanism, wherein the needle striking frame 4 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the reciprocating motion driving mechanism is arranged on the needle striking frame 4, the needle striking shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a reciprocating motion part of the reciprocating motion driving mechanism, two 180-degree symmetrical limiting grooves are axially formed in the side wall of the needle striking shaft 5, and a saw-shaped rack 8 with a forward tooth point is arranged in each limiting groove; an axial connecting hole is formed in the center of the rear part of the striker head 6, the front part of the striker shaft 5 is inserted into the axial connecting hole, two elastic bayonet locks 9 which are symmetrical at 180 degrees are arranged on the side wall of the rear part of the striker head 6, and the inner ends of the elastic bayonet locks 9 are embedded in the saw-shaped rack 8 when the striker head is not under external force; the damping cylinder 7 is sleeved outside the striker head 6, friction damping is arranged between the damping cylinder 7 and the striker head 6, the friction force is adjustable, and the damping cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating motion driving mechanism through the support rod 10.

When the bone traction drill is used clinically, the base 1 is placed on an operating table, the fixing rod 3 is firstly opened, the shank of a patient needing bone traction drilling is placed in the positioning ring 2, and after the shank is adjusted to a proper position, the fixing rod 3 is closed to restrain and limit the shank of the patient; then the bone needle 19 is inserted into the bone needle penetration hole 2a, the position of the automatic needle beating device is adjusted, the front end of the needle beating head 6 is opposite to the tail end of the bone needle 19, the automatic needle beating device is started, the reciprocating part in the reciprocating motion driving mechanism starts to reciprocate, and the needle beating shaft 5 is driven to reciprocate back and forth. When the needle striking shaft 5 moves forwards, the needle striking shaft 5 can drive the needle striking head 6 to move forwards and strike the tail end of the bone needle 19 to enable the bone needle 19 to move forwards because the inner end of the elastic bayonet lock 9 is embedded in a certain tooth of the saw-shaped rack 8 (the inner end is embedded in a certain tooth close to the tail end of the saw-shaped rack 8 at the beginning); the striker shaft 5 moves forward for a certain distance and then turns to move backward, because the damping cylinder 7 and the striker head 6 have frictional damping and adjustable frictional force, when the striker shaft 5 moves backward, the damping cylinder 7 can keep the striker head 6 immovable through the frictional force, the pin 9.3 of the elastic bayonet lock 9 is pressed and retracted inwards at the back of the tooth in the saw-shaped rack 8, and the striker shaft 5 can be smoothly retracted; when the striker head 6 moves backwards for a certain distance, the striker head moves forwards again, and the pin 9.3 of the elastic bayonet lock 9 is clamped into a tooth which is slightly ahead in the saw-shaped rack 8, the striker shaft 5 moves forwards to drive the striker head 6 to move forwards again to strike the bone needle 19; the circulation enables the striking head 6 to move forward continuously and strike the tail end of the bone needle 19 for a plurality of times, thereby completing the striking operation of the bone needle 19.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a mounting bracket 11, a race track type ring gear 12, a sector gear 13, a gear shaft 14 and a drive motor reducer 15, the mounting bracket 11 is fixedly arranged on the needle striking frame 4, a chute is arranged in the mounting bracket 11, the runway type gear ring 12 is arranged in the sliding chute in a sliding way, the inner side of the upper straight edge of the runway type gear ring 12 is provided with a section of upper rack 12a, the inner side of the lower straight edge of the runway type gear ring 12 is provided with a section of lower rack 12b, the sector gear 13 is installed at a central position in the race-type ring gear 12, the sector gear 13 is alternately engaged with the upper rack 12a and the lower rack 12b when rotating, a gear shaft 14 is fixedly arranged at the center of the sector gear 13, the gear shaft 14 penetrates through the back surface of the mounting bracket 11 and is connected with an output shaft of a driving motor reducer 15, and the driving motor reducer 15 is arranged on the back surface of the mounting bracket 11; the rear end of the striking pin head 6 is fixedly connected to the top center of the front arc edge of the race type ring gear 12. With such an arrangement, when the installation support is in operation, the driving motor reducer 15 drives the gear shaft 14 to rotate continuously, so that the sector gear 13 can be alternately meshed with the upper rack 12a and the lower rack 12b, and the runway type gear ring 12 can reciprocate back and forth on the installation support 11. In actual production, the driving motor reducer 15 can also be replaced by other products capable of driving the gear shaft 14 to rotate, such as a rotary cylinder, a manual crank and the like.

As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the needle striking frame 4 includes a frame base 4.1, a screw rod 4.2, a hand wheel 4.3, a screw base 4.4, a connecting plate 4.5, a longitudinal sliding body 4.6, an adjusting bolt 4.7 and a vertical sliding body 4.8, the frame base 4.1 is fixedly installed on the base 1, the longitudinal sliding body 4.6 is slidably installed on the upper surface of the frame base 4.1 through a dovetail sliding groove structure, the connecting plate 4.5 is installed on the rear side surface of the longitudinal sliding body 4.6, and the head end of the screw rod 4.2 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 4.5; the screw seat 4.4 is arranged on the upper surface of the frame seat 4.1, the screw rod 4.2 is arranged in the screw seat 4.4 in a threaded manner, and the tail end of the screw rod 4.2 is provided with a hand wheel 4.3; the vertical sliding body 4.8 is slidably mounted on the front surface of the longitudinal sliding body 4.6 through a dovetail sliding groove structure, an adjusting mounting table 4.6a is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal sliding body 4.6, and an adjusting bolt 4.7 is mounted on the adjusting mounting table 4.6 a; the back of vertical slider 4.8 is equipped with connection platform 4.8a, connection platform 4.8a runs through to the rear surface of vertical slider 4.6 and exposes, adjusting bolt 4.7 lower extreme threaded connection is on connection platform 4.8a, reciprocating motion actuating mechanism fixed mounting is on vertical slider 4.8. With the arrangement, due to the fact that the crus of different patients have different thicknesses, the proper bone needle penetrating hole 2a needs to be selected according to the individual condition of the patients during clinical operation, and the proper bone traction drilling position is ensured. After the bone needle penetrating hole 2a is selected, the position of the needle striking head 6 in the automatic needle striking device needs to be adjusted adaptively, the position of the needle striking head 6 can be flexibly adjusted by setting the needle striking frame 4 to be the structure, the needle striking head 6 can be adjusted in a front-back movement manner by rotating the hand wheel 4.3, and the needle striking head 6 can be adjusted in a front-back movement manner by rotating the adjusting bolt 4.7.

As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the elastic bayonet lock 9 includes a pin sleeve 9.1, a spring 9.2 and a pin 9.3, an external thread is provided on an outer wall of the pin sleeve 9.1, the pin sleeve 9.1 is threadedly mounted in the firing pin head 6, the spring 9.2 and the pin 9.3 are mounted in the pin sleeve 9.1, a pin head is provided at a front end of the pin 9.3, a through hole is provided at a front end of the pin sleeve 9.1, the pin head of the pin 9.3 is exposed through the through hole, a step is provided on the pin 9.3 to prevent the pin 9.3 from being removed, the spring 9.2 is sleeved at a rear portion of the pin 9.3, one end of the spring 9.2 abuts against an inner side surface of a tail end of the pin sleeve 9.1, the other end is connected with the pin 9.3, and the spring 9.2 drives the pin head to pass through and be exposed when external force is not applied; and a metal block 9.4 which can be adsorbed by a magnet is arranged at the tail part of the pin 9.3. With this arrangement, when mounting the striking head 6, a special tool can be used to pre-retract the pins 9.3 in the resilient latch 9 to facilitate mounting of the striking head 6 on the striking shaft 5. The special tool is forked, the inner sides of the two fork arms are provided with magnets, the magnets on the special tool are respectively aligned to the outer ends of the two elastic bayonet locks 9 when the special tool is used, so that the pin 9.3 can overcome the elasticity of the spring 9.2 through magnetic attraction and move backwards, the striker head 6 can be smoothly arranged on the striker shaft 5, and after the striker head is arranged in place, the special tool is moved away. In actual manufacturing, the pin 9.3 may be made of a metal material that can be attracted by a magnet.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the damping cylinder 7 includes an outer cylinder 7.1 and a damping friction block 7.2, an axial groove is formed in an inner wall of the outer cylinder 7.1, the groove penetrates from one end of the damping cylinder 7 to the other end of the damping cylinder, the damping friction block 7.2 with an identical shape is installed in the groove, a nut 7.3 is embedded in a back surface of the damping friction block 7.2, a rotatable adjusting screw 7.4 is installed on the outer cylinder 7.1, and an inner end of the adjusting screw 7.4 is screwed into the nut 7.3. With the arrangement, the damping friction block 7.2 can be moved inwards or outwards by rotating the adjusting screw 7.4, so that the friction force is changed.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a guiding sleeve 16 corresponding to the bone needle insertion hole 2a is further disposed on a side surface of one side of the positioning ring 2, the guiding sleeve 16 is screwed onto the positioning ring 2 and is removable, a guiding through hole 16a for guiding the bone needle to pass through is disposed in the center of the guiding sleeve 16, and the guiding sleeve 16 is used for guiding the entry of the bone needle 19. So configured, the appropriate guide sleeve 16 can be replaced according to the selected position of the bone needle insertion hole 2a and the size of the bone needle 19 to ensure accurate and reliable guiding of the bone needle 19.

As shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, one end of the fixing rod 3 is hinged to one side of the positioning ring 2, the other end of the fixing rod 3 is provided with a connector 3a, the inner side of the connector 3a is provided with a plurality of ratchets 3b, the outer surface of the other side of the positioning ring 2 is provided with a clamping table 2c which is matched with the ratchets 3b to lock, and the outer side of the connector 3a is provided with a pulling ring 3c which is used for reversely pulling the connector 3a to unlock. So set up, the fixed position of dead lever 3 also can be adjusted according to patient's individual condition, ensures to fasten suitably.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, an elastic pad 17 is disposed on an inner side surface of the fixing rod 3. So set up, can improve patient's comfort level, avoid 3 rigid contact of dead lever and weigh wounded the patient. The elastic cushion body 17 can be made of conventional materials (such as rubber, silica gel, etc.) in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, fixing bolts 18 are provided at four corners of the bottom of the base 1. So set up, base 1 can be installed on the operating table through fixing bolt 18, avoids whole positioner spicule 19 to squeeze into the in-process and takes place the displacement, ensures bone traction drilling operation safe and reliable.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the above specific embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and alterations should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and alterations.

Claims (10)

1. High accuracy bone traction automatic drilling ware, its characterized in that: the automatic pin knocking device comprises a base (1), a positioning ring (2) and an automatic pin knocking device, wherein the positioning ring (2) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), the positioning ring (2) is used for placing legs of a patient, a fixing rod (3) capable of being opened or closed is arranged on the positioning ring (2), and the fixing rod (3) is used for limiting the legs; the side surface of one side of the positioning ring (2) is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole (2a), the side surface of the other side of the positioning ring (2) is provided with at least one spicule penetrating hole (2b), and the spicule penetrating holes (2b) are the same in number as the spicule penetrating holes (2a) and are in one-to-one coaxial correspondence; the automatic needle striking device is arranged on a base (1), and comprises a needle striking frame (4), a needle striking shaft (5), a needle striking head (6), a damping cylinder (7) and a reciprocating motion driving mechanism, wherein the needle striking frame (4) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), the reciprocating motion driving mechanism is arranged on the needle striking frame (4), the needle striking shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a reciprocating motion part of the reciprocating motion driving mechanism, two 180-degree symmetrical limiting grooves are formed in the side wall of the needle striking shaft (5) along the axial direction, and a saw-shaped rack (8) with a forward tooth point is arranged in each limiting groove; an axial connecting hole is formed in the center of the rear part of the striker head (6), the front part of the striker shaft (5) is inserted into the axial connecting hole, two elastic bayonet locks (9) which are symmetrical at 180 degrees are installed on the side wall of the rear part of the striker head (6), and the inner ends of the elastic bayonet locks (9) are embedded in the saw-shaped rack (8) when the striker head is not influenced by external force; damping cylinder (7) cover is established in the outside of hitting syringe needle (6), has frictional damping and frictional force adjustable between damping cylinder (7) and hitting syringe needle (6), and damping cylinder (7) pass through cradling piece (10) fixed connection on reciprocating motion actuating mechanism.

2. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: the reciprocating motion driving mechanism comprises a mounting bracket (11), a runway-type gear ring (12), a sector gear (13), a gear shaft (14) and a driving motor reducer (15), wherein the mounting bracket (11) is fixedly mounted on a needle striking frame (4), a chute is arranged in the mounting bracket (11), the runway-type gear ring (12) is slidably mounted in the chute, an upper rack (12a) is arranged on the inner side of an upper straight edge of the runway-type gear ring (12), a lower rack (12b) is arranged on the inner side of a lower straight edge of the runway-type gear ring (12), the sector gear (13) is mounted at the central position in the runway-type gear ring (12), the sector gear (13) is alternately meshed with the upper rack (12a) and the lower rack (12b) when rotating, the gear shaft (14) is fixedly mounted at the center of the sector gear (13), and the gear shaft (14) penetrates through to the back of the mounting bracket (11) and is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor reducer (15), the driving motor reducer (15) is arranged on the back of the mounting bracket (11); the rear end of the needle head (6) is fixedly connected with the top center of the front arc edge of the runway type gear ring (12).

3. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: the needle striking frame (4) comprises a frame seat (4.1), a screw rod (4.2), a hand wheel (4.3), a screw seat (4.4), a connecting plate (4.5), a longitudinal sliding body (4.6), an adjusting bolt (4.7) and a vertical sliding body (4.8), wherein the frame seat (4.1) is fixedly installed on the base (1), the longitudinal sliding body (4.6) is installed on the upper surface of the frame seat (4.1) in a sliding mode through a dovetail sliding groove structure, the connecting plate (4.5) is installed on the rear side surface of the longitudinal sliding body (4.6), and the head end of the screw rod (4.2) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (4.5); the screw seat (4.4) is arranged on the upper surface of the frame seat (4.1), the screw rod (4.2) is arranged in the screw seat (4.4) in a threaded manner, and the tail end of the screw rod (4.2) is provided with a hand wheel (4.3); the vertical sliding body (4.8) is slidably mounted on the front surface of the longitudinal sliding body (4.6) through a dovetail sliding groove structure, an adjusting mounting table (4.6a) is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal sliding body (4.6), and an adjusting bolt (4.7) is mounted on the adjusting mounting table (4.6 a); the back of vertical sliding body (4.8) is equipped with connection platform (4.8a), connection platform (4.8a) run through to the rear surface of vertical sliding body (4.6) and expose, adjusting bolt (4.7) lower extreme threaded connection is on connecting platform (4.8a), reciprocating motion actuating mechanism fixed mounting is on vertical sliding body (4.8).

4. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: the elastic bayonet lock (9) comprises a pin sleeve (9.1), a spring (9.2) and a pin column (9.3), wherein external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the pin sleeve (9.1), the pin sleeve (9.1) is installed in a hitting needle head (6) in a threaded manner, the spring (9.2) and the pin column (9.3) are installed in the pin sleeve (9.1), a pin head part is arranged at the front end of the pin column (9.3), a through hole is formed in the front end of the pin sleeve (9.1), the pin head part of the pin column (9.3) penetrates out of the through hole to be exposed, a step is arranged on the pin column (9.3) to prevent the pin column (9.3) from being separated, the spring (9.2) is sleeved on the rear part of the pin column (9.3), one end of the spring (9.2) is abutted against the inner side surface of the pin sleeve (9.1), the other end of the spring is connected with the pin column (9.3), and the spring (9.2) drives the pin head part to penetrate through the through hole when the pin column is not subjected to external force; the tail of the pin column (9.3) is provided with a metal block (9.4) which can be adsorbed by the magnet, or the whole pin column (9.3) is made of a metal material which can be adsorbed by the magnet.

5. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: damping section of thick bamboo (7) are including outer barrel (7.1) and damping clutch blocks (7.2), set up at least one on outer barrel (7.1) inner wall and link up to the scarce groove of the other end by damping section of thick bamboo (7) one end, lack the inslot and installing shape anastomotic damping clutch blocks (7.2), nut (7.3) have been buried underground at damping clutch blocks (7.2) back, install adjusting screw (7.4) that can freely rotate on outer barrel (7.1), the inner threaded connection of adjusting screw (7.4) is in nut (7.3).

6. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: a guide sleeve (16) corresponding to the bone needle penetrating hole (2a) is further arranged on the side face of one side of the positioning ring (2), a guide through hole (16a) for guiding the bone needle to penetrate is formed in the center of the guide sleeve (16), and the guide sleeve (16) is used for guiding the bone needle (19) to enter.

7. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 6, wherein: the guide sleeve (16) is in threaded connection with the positioning ring (2) and can be movably detached.

8. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: dead lever (3) one end is articulated with holding ring (2) one side, and dead lever (3) other end is equipped with connector (3a), the medial surface of connector (3a) is provided with a plurality of ratchets (3b), the surface of holding ring (2) opposite side be provided with ratchet (3b) are mutually supported and are implemented ka tai (2c) of locking, the lateral surface of connector (3a) is provided with and is used for reversing pull ring (3c) that connector (3a) carried out the unblock.

9. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: an elastic cushion body (17) is arranged on the inner side surface of the fixing rod (3).

10. The high precision bone distraction automatic drill of claim 1, wherein: and fixing bolts (18) are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the base (1).

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