CN113331842A - Human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device and method of manned centrifuge - Google Patents
Human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device and method of manned centrifuge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device and a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition method for a manned centrifuge, wherein the acquisition device comprises a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes, an electrode concentrator module, an electroencephalogram signal processing module, a shell, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, a first signal wire, a second signal wire, a plurality of third signal wires and an electrode cap body; the electroencephalogram signal processing module is connected with the electrode concentrator module through the first communication interface, the second communication interface, the first signal wire and the second signal wire, and the electrode concentrator module is connected with a plurality of electroencephalogram signal collecting electrodes fixed on the cap body of the electrode cap through a plurality of third signal wires. Like this, this application passes through active electrode and gathers human brain electrical signal, and factor such as electromagnetism, vibration are to the interference of signal in the effectual reduction centrifuge environment, remove power frequency interference and remove baseline drift through brain electrical signal processing model and handle for this device can be in centrifuge's electromagnetic environment, gathers stable, continuous human brain electrical signal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electroencephalogram signal detection devices, in particular to a human electroencephalogram signal acquisition device and method of a manned centrifuge.
Background
The manned centrifuge is the most real and effective means for simulating the air acceleration environment on the ground, can truly reflect large-scale aeronautical medical equipment of which the flight load influences the physiology and the psychology of a human body, and is the most direct, reliable and scientific equipment for inspecting and evaluating the load resistance of the body of a flight worker.
The brain electrical signals can reflect the physiological activities of brain nerve cells on the surface of the cerebral cortex or scalp, and contain a large amount of physiological and disease information. However, electroencephalogram signals belong to extremely weak physiological signals, and the conventional electroencephalogram signal acquisition device is very easily influenced by the electromagnetic environment and acceleration mechanics of a centrifugal machine in the environment of a manned centrifugal machine, so that the problems of poor signal stability and poor continuity are caused. Therefore, the electroencephalogram signals of the human body collected by the existing electroencephalogram signal collecting device in the environment of the manned centrifugal machine are poor in signal, and the electroencephalogram signal collecting device is not suitable for researching, checking and evaluating the comprehensive cognitive ability level of the human body under the high-load condition and can not accurately predict the occurrence of syncope in the air of a pilot.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a human electroencephalogram signal acquisition device and method for a manned centrifuge, which acquire human electroencephalogram signals through an active electrode, effectively reduce interference of factors such as electromagnetism and vibration on the signals, and perform power frequency interference removal and baseline drift removal processing on the electroencephalogram signals through an electroencephalogram signal processing model, so that the device can complete normal acquisition of human electroencephalogram signals in a complex electromagnetic environment, and can acquire stable and continuous human electroencephalogram signals.
The embodiment of the application provides a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of a manned centrifuge, and the acquisition device comprises a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes, an electrode concentrator module, an electroencephalogram signal processing module, a shell, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, a first signal wire, a second signal wire, a plurality of third signal wires and an electrode cap body;
the electroencephalogram signal processing module is arranged in the shell, and the first communication interface and the second communication interface are packaged on the surface of the shell;
the first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module is connected with the first communication interface, and the first end of the first signal wire is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the first communication interface; the second signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module is connected with the second communication interface, and the first end of the second signal wire is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the second communication interface; the second end of the first signal line is connected with the first signal end of the electrode concentrator module; a second end of the second signal line is connected with a first signal end of the electrode hub module; the electroencephalogram signal processing module is used for removing power frequency interference and carrying out baseline filtering processing on the received electroencephalogram signals;
the first end of each third signal wire is connected with the second signal end of the electrode concentrator module, the second end of each third signal wire is connected with the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode, and the electrode concentrator module is used for relaying electroencephalogram signals;
the signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is arranged on the cap body of the electrode cap through an electrode positioning hole reserved on the cap body of the electrode cap, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body, and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is an active electrode;
the first communication interface and the second communication interface are both aviation plugs, the shell is fixed in the manned centrifugal machine, the shell is made of aluminum alloy, each joint of the shell is provided with a conductive gasket, and the first signal line, the second signal line and the third signal line are shielding lines.
Optionally, the acquisition device further comprises an indicator light, a ground port, and a switch button;
the indicator light, the ground port, and the switch button are all encapsulated on the surface of the housing;
the indicating lamp is used for reminding a user of the operation condition of each component in the acquisition device, the grounding port is used for being connected with a ground wire, and the switch button is used for controlling the acquisition device to be started.
Optionally, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode comprises a microcontroller and a signal acquisition probe;
the signal output end of the signal acquisition probe is connected with the first end of the microcontroller, the second end of the microcontroller is connected with the third signal wire, the second end of the microcontroller is used as the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode, and the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe is used as the signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode;
the signal acquisition probe is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body;
the microcontroller is used for controlling the acquisition probe to acquire human electroencephalogram signals, receiving the human electroencephalogram signals acquired by the signal acquisition probe, and sending the human electroencephalogram signals to the electrode concentrator module through the third signal wire.
Optionally, the signal acquisition probe comprises an Ag/AgCl electrode core, a BUF circuit, and an impedance indicator lamp;
the output end of the electrode core is connected with the first end of the BUF circuit, and the second end of the BUF circuit and the first end of the impedance indicator lamp are connected with the first end of the microcontroller; the acquisition end of the electrode core is used as the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe;
the Ag/AgCl electrode core is used for conducting the collected human electroencephalogram signals and conducting the human electroencephalogram signals to the BUF circuit;
the BUF circuit is used for enhancing the received human electroencephalogram signals;
the impedance indicator light is used for prompting a user whether to correctly wear the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode.
Optionally, the electrode concentrator module includes a connection terminal and a control unit;
the first end of each third signal wire is connected with the first end of the control unit, the second end of the control unit is connected with the first end of the wiring terminal, and the second end of the wiring terminal is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the first signal wire and the second signal wire;
the second end of the wiring terminal is used as a first signal end of the electrode concentrator module; and the first end of the control unit is used as a second signal end of the electrode concentrator module.
Optionally, the control unit includes an STM32 series single chip microcomputer.
Optionally, the electroencephalogram signal processing module includes: the system comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, an isolator, an FPGA and a processor;
the first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the first signal end of the electrode concentrator module through the first signal wire and a first communication interface packaged on the surface of the shell, the first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used as the first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for mutually converting digital signals and analog signals;
the second end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the first end of the isolator, and the isolator is used for protecting smooth transmission of brain electrical signals;
the second end of the isolator is connected with the first end of the FPGA, and the FPGA is used for sorting and packaging the received electroencephalogram signal data and sending the data to the processor;
the second end of the FPGA is connected with the first end of the processor, and the processor is used for carrying out power frequency interference removing processing on the received electroencephalogram signal data sent by the FPGA.
Optionally, the processor is an ARM Cortex-a 94 core processor.
Optionally, the FPGA is connected to the processor through a 4-wire SPI bus.
Optionally, the indicator light includes a power indicator light, a debugging indicator light, an FPGA indicator light, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit indicator light, and a network indicator light.
The embodiment of the application also provides a human electroencephalogram signal acquisition method of the manned centrifuge, the acquisition method is applied to the human electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of the manned centrifuge, and the acquisition method comprises the following steps:
collecting a plurality of paths of human electroencephalogram signals by a plurality of electroencephalogram signal collecting electrodes of the collecting device;
a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes of the acquisition device transmit acquired multi-path human electroencephalogram signals to an electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device through a plurality of signal lines;
the electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device transmits the received electroencephalogram signals to the electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device, and the electroencephalogram signal processing module performs signal processing on the received electroencephalogram signals of the human body to obtain target electroencephalogram signals of the human body;
the electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device transmits the obtained target human electroencephalogram signal to an upper computer for display.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: the human body brain electrical signal acquisition method comprises a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor, when an electronic device runs, the processor and the memory are communicated through the bus, and the machine readable instructions are executed by the processor to execute the steps of the human body brain electrical signal acquisition method of the manned centrifuge.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition method of the manned centrifuge are executed.
The human brain electrical signal collection system of manned centrifuge and method that this application embodiment provided, through linking to each other a plurality of brain electrical signal collection electrodes, electrode concentrator module, brain electrical signal processing module, casing, first communication interface, second communication interface, first signal line, second signal line, a plurality of third signal line, the electrode cap body, constitute brain electrical signal collection system, make it not only can gather human brain electrical signal in ordinary environment to gather brain electrical signal collection system, can also accomplish human brain electrical signal's normal collection in manned centrifuge environment.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a human brain electrical signal acquisition device of a manned centrifuge provided in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a housing structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a housing structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an EEG signal collecting electrode and electrode concentrator module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroencephalogram signal processing module according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a brain electrical signal processing module according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition method of a manned centrifuge according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Every other embodiment that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.
The manned centrifuge is the most real and effective means for simulating the air acceleration environment on the ground, can truly reflect large-scale aeronautical medical equipment of which the flight load influences the physiology and the psychology of a human body, and is the most direct, reliable and scientific equipment for inspecting and evaluating the load resistance of the body of a flight worker.
The brain electrical signals can reflect the physiological activities of brain nerve cells on the surface of the cerebral cortex or scalp, and contain a large amount of physiological and disease information. However, electroencephalogram signals belong to extremely weak physiological signals, and the conventional electroencephalogram signal acquisition device is very easily influenced by the electromagnetic environment and acceleration mechanics of a centrifugal machine in the environment of a manned centrifugal machine, so that the problems of poor signal stability and poor continuity are caused. Therefore, the electroencephalogram signals of the human body collected by the existing electroencephalogram signal collecting device in the environment of the manned centrifugal machine are poor in signal, and the electroencephalogram signal collecting device is not suitable for researching, checking and evaluating the comprehensive cognitive ability level of the human body under the high-load condition and can not accurately predict the occurrence of syncope in the air of a pilot.
Based on this, this application embodiment provides a manned centrifuge human brain electrical signal collection system, can be applied to and carry out human brain electrical signal's collection among the manned centrifuge.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of a manned centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of the manned centrifuge provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to the manned centrifuge, and the acquisition device 100 includes a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes 101, an electrode hub module 102, an electroencephalogram signal processing module 103, a housing 104, a first communication interface 105, a second communication interface 106, a first signal line 107, a second signal line 108, a plurality of third signal lines 109, and an electrode cap body 110.
The electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 is disposed in the housing 104, and the first communication interface 105 and the second communication interface 106 are both packaged on the surface of the housing 104.
The shell 104 is made of an aluminum alloy shell, and conductive gaskets are added to the gap of the cover plate of the shell 104 and the gap of the mounting surface of the connector, so that the shielding performance is improved.
The first communication interface 105 and the second communication interface 106 are both aviation plugs, the housing 104 is fixed in the manned centrifuge, and the first signal line 107, the second signal line 108, and the third signal line 109 are all shielded wires.
A first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 is connected with the first communication interface 105, and a first end of the first signal wire 107 is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 through the first communication interface 105; a second signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 is connected with the second communication interface 106, and a first end of the second signal wire 108 is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 through the second communication interface 106; a second end of the first signal line 107 is connected with a first signal end of the electrode hub module 102; a second end of the second signal line 108 is connected to a first signal end of the electrode hub module 102; the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 is used for performing power frequency interference removal and baseline filtering processing on the received electroencephalogram signals.
The plurality of third signal lines 109 determine that a plurality of paths of electroencephalogram signals can be acquired, here, the acquisition of 16 paths, 32 paths, 64 paths and other paths of electroencephalogram signals can be supported, and the specific number of the third signal lines can be selected according to the actual acquisition requirements.
The first end of each third signal line 109 is connected with the second signal end of the electrode hub module 102, the second end of each third signal line 109 is connected with the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101, and the electrode hub module 102 is used for relaying electroencephalogram signals.
Here, the electrode hub module 102 also serves to provide a wire harness function in a centrifugal environment. The reason is that when a plurality of paths of electroencephalograms are collected, a plurality of signal lines are needed, in the environment of a centrifugal machine, the condition of signal interference and unsafe condition can exist due to the excessive signal lines, the plurality of signal lines are integrated together through the concentrator module, and the received electroencephalograms of the human body are transmitted to the electroencephalogram signal processing module through one signal line, so that the number of the signal lines is greatly reduced.
The electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 is an active electrode with anti-interference advantage, and the electrode has an impedance detection function.
The signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 is arranged on the electrode cap body 110 through an electrode positioning hole reserved on the electrode cap body 110, and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body.
Here, the electroencephalogram signal collecting electrode 101 and the electrode cap body 110 together form an electrode cap, and the electrode cap is used for being worn on the head of a user to be collected with electroencephalogram signals. Wherein, the electrode cap can design a plurality of sizes to satisfy different user's demands.
Further, please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in which fig. 2 is a top view of the housing structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3 is a front view of the housing structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in addition to the first communication interface 105 and the second communication interface 106, the surface of the housing 104 provided in the embodiment of the present application further encapsulates an indicator 111, a ground port 112, a switch button 113, a LAN interface 114, a USB interface 115, an OTG interface 116, and a power interface 117.
Here, the first communication interface 105 is an electroencephalogram (EEG) input interface, and may include an EEG1 interface and an EEG2 interface, and the second communication interface 106 is a URAT serial interface. The indicator 111 is configured to remind a user of operating conditions of each component in the collection device 100, the ground port 112 is configured to be connected to a ground line, and the switch button 113 is configured to control the collection device 100 to start. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition host is composed of an electroencephalogram signal processing module 103, a shell 104 and various components packaged on the shell.
The indicator lamps 111 may include 5 LED indicator lamps capable of displaying different colors, and the indicator lamps 111 may help a user to determine whether the electroencephalogram signal acquisition device 100 is operating normally or not, and provide fault auxiliary positioning. Here, the 5 indicator lamps 111 may specifically include 1 power indicator lamp (PWR), 4 signal indicator lamps (CHK, FPGA, ADC, LAN), and the 4 signal indicator lamps may specifically be a debugging indicator lamp (CHK), an FPGA indicator lamp (FPGA), a digital-to-analog conversion circuit indicator lamp (ADC), and a network indicator Lamp (LAN).
Further, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 comprises a microcontroller and a signal acquisition probe: the signal output end of the signal acquisition probe is connected with the first end of the microcontroller, the second end of the microcontroller is connected with the third signal wire, the second end of the microcontroller is used as the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode, and the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe is used as the signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode.
The signal acquisition probe is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body; the microcontroller is used for controlling the acquisition probe to acquire electroencephalogram signals of a human body, receiving the electroencephalogram signals acquired by the signal acquisition probe, and sending the electroencephalogram signals of the human body to the electrode hub module 102 through the third signal wire 109.
Here, the microcontroller may be an 8-bit RISC microcontroller.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition probe comprises an Ag/AgCl electrode core, a BUF circuit and an impedance indicator lamp; the output end of the electrode core is connected with the first end of the BUF circuit, and the second end of the BUF circuit and the first end of the impedance indicator lamp are connected with the first end of the microcontroller.
The acquisition end of the electrode core is used as the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe; the Ag/AgCl electrode core is used for conducting the collected human electroencephalogram signals and conducting the human electroencephalogram signals to the BUF circuit; the BUF circuit is used for enhancing the received human electroencephalogram signals; the impedance indicator light is used for prompting a user whether to correctly wear the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101.
Here, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 can be switched between an impedance mode and a normal acquisition mode by the upper computer control. In the impedance mode, the impedance indicator lamps display different colors to inform a user whether the electroencephalogram signal collecting electrode 101 is normally worn or not, and signals are synchronously displayed on an upper computer in real time; in a normal acquisition mode, acquired electroencephalograms are conducted through an Ag/AgCl electrode core, enter a BUF circuit for enhancement and then are transmitted to a concentrator for transfer.
Here, the impedance indicator lamp on the electrode is communicated with the control unit on the electrode hub module 102 through a UART serial port by the brain electrical acquisition host to realize active electrode signal control, and is synchronous with the brain electrical impedance state indicator lamp displayed by the upper computer. The impedance signal is decoded by a control unit on the concentrator, and then an indicator lamp control signal is output to each path of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode.
Further, the electrode hub module 102 includes a connection terminal and a control unit; a first end of each third signal wire 109 is connected with a first end of the control unit, a second end of the control unit is connected with a first end of the wiring terminal, and a second end of the wiring terminal is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 through the first signal wire 107 and the second signal wire 108; wherein the second end of the wire connection terminal serves as the first signal terminal of the electrode hub module 102; the first terminal of the control unit serves as the second signal terminal of the electrode hub module 102.
Optionally, the control unit may include an STM32 series single chip microcomputer, specifically, an STM32F103, and the connection terminal may be a 40pin connection terminal. The control unit is used for receiving the indication lamp control signal sent to the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 by the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103, decoding the received indication lamp control signal, and outputting the indication lamp control signal to each electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 after decoding.
After the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 acquires the electroencephalogram signal of the human body, the electroencephalogram signal can be directly transmitted to the wiring terminal without passing through the main control unit, and the signal is transmitted to the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 by the wiring terminal.
For example, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electroencephalogram signal collecting electrode and electrode hub module. As shown in fig. 4 (see fig. 1 to 3 at the same time), after the human electroencephalogram signal is acquired by the Ag/Agcl electrode in the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101, the human electroencephalogram signal is transmitted to the BUF circuit for enhancement, then the enhanced human electroencephalogram signal is directly transmitted to the connection terminal, and then the human electroencephalogram signal is transmitted to the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 by the connection terminal. The control signal of the impedance indicator lamp in the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 is that an electroencephalogram signal acquisition host computer communicates with a control unit on the electrode concentrator module 102 through a UART serial port, the impedance indicator lamp control signal is sent to the control unit on the electrode concentrator module 102, the main control unit decodes the received control signal, and the decoded impedance indicator lamp control signal is sent to each path of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101.
Further, please refer to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the electroencephalogram signal processing module according to the present application. As shown in fig. 5 (also referring to fig. 1 to 3), the brain electrical signal processing module 103 includes: analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118, isolator 119, FPGA120, processor 121: a first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118 is connected with a first signal end of the electrode hub module 102 through the first signal wire 107 and a first communication interface 105 encapsulated on the surface of the shell, the first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118 serves as a first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118 is used for converting digital signals and analog signals into each other; the second end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118 is connected with the first end of the isolator 119, and the isolator 119 is used for protecting smooth transmission of electroencephalogram signals of a human body; the second end of the isolator 119 is connected with the first end of the FPGA120, and the FPGA120 is configured to sort and pack received electroencephalogram data and send the data to the processor 121; the second end of the FPGA120 is connected to the first end of the processor 121, and the processor 121 is configured to perform power frequency interference removing processing on the received electroencephalogram data sent by the FPGA 120.
Optionally, the processor 121 adopts an i.mx6q processor as a scheduling control core of the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103, and the chip is an ARM Cortex-a 94 core processor with a dominant frequency of 1 GHz. Optionally, the FPGA120 is connected to the processor 121 through a 4-wire SPI bus. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit (ADC)118 has a resolution of 24Bit, and supports a sampling rate of 32K at the maximum. The number of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118 and the isolator 119 may be plural.
For example, please refer to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a brain electrical signal processing module according to the present application. As shown in fig. 6 (also refer to fig. 1 to 3), the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 is configured to perform preprocessing such as filtering, amplifying, and limiting on the electroencephalogram signal of the human body transmitted from the electrode hub module 102. First, the electrode hub module 102 transmits the electroencephalogram signals of the human body to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 118, and converts the digital signals and the analog signals. In this example, the first output to the ADC is an analog signal, and the number of ADCs may be multiple, where all ADCs have 24Bit resolution, up to 32K sample rate support. Moreover, the FPGA120 controls the ADC118 through the isolator 119, receives electroencephalogram signals of a human body, and realizes synchronous control among different ADCs while ensuring data transmission safety through the isolator 119, thereby ensuring synchronous sampling of all channel signals. The FPGA120 then performs packing on the data transmitted by all the ADCs, and sends the packed data to the processor 121. The processor 121 can adopt an i.MX6Q processor, the chip is an ARM Cortex-A94 core processor and has a dominant frequency of 1GHz, the chip receives sampling data which are arranged and packaged by the FPGA through 4-wire SPI bus control, finally, the processor 121 filters, reduces noise, extracts and analyzes electroencephalogram signals which are arranged and packaged by the FPGA120, and transmits the electroencephalogram signals to an upper computer through a network port after being encrypted in a specific coding format, so that remote communication and control are realized.
Here, the electroencephalogram signal processing module 120 can process the processed electroencephalogram signal and can also perform data transmission through communication interfaces such as a USB interface and an OTG interface which are packaged on the casing 104.
In addition, the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103 of the present application sends the human electroencephalogram signal processed by the processor 121 to the upper computer. The signals can be encrypted in a specific coding format and then sent to an in-cabin switch through the LAN interface 114, and then the in-cabin switch sends the processed human body electroencephalogram signals to an upper computer to realize remote communication and control.
Furthermore, the problem that the electroencephalogram signal acquisition device is easily interfered by the electromagnetic environment of a centrifugal machine in the environment of the manned centrifugal machine is solved. The circuit interference suppression design is adopted, and the method respectively comprises the following steps: (1) the input EEG acquisition signal and the EEG signal output to the upper computer adopt a layout mode of separating wires; (2) a low-pass filter circuit is added in the electroencephalogram signal processing module 103; (3) carrying out frequency band protection on the acquired electroencephalogram signals, wherein a high-pass follower design mode is used for the first stage, low-pass amplification is used for the second stage, a differential amplification mode is used for the third stage, and a band elimination filter for inhibiting 50Hz power frequency is designed between the second stage and the third stage; (4) for the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101, an EMC protection design is adopted, and an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection diode for a protected ground is added, wherein signal wires connected with the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode 101 are all shielded wires, and a power wire adopts a twisted pair shielded wire.
In addition, the brain signal acquisition device adopts a tensioning type modular design in structure, and a reasonable arrangement form is sought at the through hole and the screw hole, so that the peak stress is reduced; no notch is designed on the tension surface of the structural member; reinforcing measures such as dispensing, binding and the like are adopted for components and open wires with larger overall dimensions; and reinforcing measures such as layering and glue pouring are taken for components mounted on the structure body, so that structural damping is increased, and the mechanical resistance is improved.
Like this, the EEG signal collection system of this application design links to each other through gathering electrode, electrode concentrator module, EEG signal processing module, casing, first communication interface, second communication interface, first signal line, second signal line, a plurality of third signal line, the electrode cap body with a plurality of EEG signal, constitutes EEG signal collection system, makes gather EEG signal collection system, can gather human EEG signal in manned centrifuge.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a flowchart of a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition method of a manned centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the method for acquiring a human body electroencephalogram signal by using a manned centrifuge provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
and S701, acquiring multiple paths of human electroencephalogram signals by a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes of the acquisition device.
In the step, the electroencephalogram signals of the person to be trained under the environment of the manned centrifugal machine are collected through the probes in the electroencephalogram signal collecting electrodes, wherein each probe collects one path of signal, and a plurality of paths of electroencephalogram signals are collected through the plurality of electroencephalogram signal collecting electrodes.
S702, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes of the acquisition device transmit the acquired multi-path human electroencephalogram signals to an electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device through signal wires.
In the step, after the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode acquires the electroencephalogram signal of the human body, the electroencephalogram signal is transmitted to the concentrator module through the electroencephalogram signal transmission line, wherein the concentrator module does not process the received electroencephalogram signal of the human body, and the concentrator module is used for signal relay and providing a wire bunching function.
Here, the concentrator module receives the human brain electrical signals and then directly outputs the human brain electrical signals to the wiring terminal. Wherein, 40pin binding post can be adopted to the binding post.
And S703, transmitting the received electroencephalogram signal to an electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device through a signal wire and a first communication interface by an electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device, and performing power frequency interference removing processing by the electroencephalogram signal processing module to obtain a target human electroencephalogram signal.
In the step, the received human electroencephalogram signals are transmitted to the electroencephalogram signal processing module by the concentrator module through the signal wires connected with the concentrator module and the electroencephalogram signal processing module and the communication interface connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module, and power frequency interference removal processing is carried out to obtain the target human electroencephalogram signals.
Here, in the process of collecting the electroencephalogram signals of the human body, the noise interference of 50Hz power frequency and each harmonic wave can be caused, and the signal quality is influenced, so that the power frequency interference removing processing is needed. The power frequency interference is removed by the following method:
in the method, wavelet decomposition is carried out on the collected human electroencephalogram signals (EEG signals) to obtain a scale function, a proper threshold value is selected for filtering and signal reconstruction, and useful information in the EEG signals is extracted. Wherein, a proper wavelet basis function is selected according to a higher signal-to-noise ratio and a lower mean square error of the denoised signal. In the wavelet basis function selection process, the following characteristics in four aspects need to be considered: regularity, compactness, symmetry, and vanishing moments. The regularity of the wavelet basis function can be that the reconstructed waveform is more gentle and smooth; the compactness is the attenuation speed of the wavelet function when the time approaches infinity or the frequency of the scale function approaches infinity; the symmetry of the wavelet function can effectively reduce the possibility of signal distortion; the vanishing moment cannot be too high, and cannot be too low, so that the high frequency coefficient is easy to be reduced, thereby losing useful detail information, and the reconstructed signal is not smooth enough due to too low moment.
With the above four characteristics, the wavelet basis functions symN and dbN wavelet series are orthogonal, discrete, approximately symmetrical, and also have compactness, while they also have the same filter length and vanishing moment. Comprehensively, the symN wavelet has better symmetry than the dbN wavelet, so that distortion can be reduced in the filtering process, but a scale function obtained after decomposition of the dbN wavelet series is closer to a characteristic wave group of an original signal, and therefore the method is more suitable for removing the ECG power frequency signal. After the wavelet basis functions are determined, the ECG data are filtered, each decomposition decomposes the signals into low-frequency and high-frequency 2 parts, and since the lowest frequency of the ECG signals is 0.5Hz, and the highest frequency of the ECG signals is 100Hz, the decomposition scale is set to 9 layers, so that useful information in the ECG signals can be extracted.
Here, the suitable threshold value is determined first to remove the power frequency interference. The set threshold is too small, and the wavelet coefficient subjected to threshold processing is still doped with more noise, so that noise interference in the ECG signal cannot be well removed; if the setting is too large, part of useful signals are filtered out along with noise, and the signal distortion degree is increased. The core idea of the threshold processing method is that according to the fact that wavelet coefficients on the scale where noise exists and wavelet coefficients on the scale where useful components exist are distributed in different spaces, wavelet components with high noise occupation ratio are removed, noise parts of the wavelet coefficients are greatly reduced, therefore useful information is highlighted, and signals are reconstructed through inverse transformation. In this case, a method combining a hard threshold function and a soft threshold function can be selected to remove power frequency interference.
Wherein the hard threshold function is: if the absolute value of the wavelet coefficient is not smaller than the preset threshold value, the wavelet coefficient is regarded as a useful signal and is reserved, otherwise, the wavelet coefficient is judged to be obtained by transforming noise.
The soft threshold function is: if the absolute value of the wavelet coefficients is not less than the preset threshold, the threshold is subtracted or added on the original basis, otherwise the zero is directly substituted.
In addition, the baseline drift of the received electroencephalogram signal needs to be removed, the baseline drift is low-frequency signal interference, and the baseline drift in the signal acquisition process can be caused by the change of the breathing rhythm of the acquired electroencephalogram signal, the movement of the body and the circuit design reasons when the electroencephalogram signal is acquired.
Here, the baseline wander removal method is: and removing the null shift phenomenon in the experimental data based on a mathematical morphology filtering method. Here, the mathematical morphology filtering method is a nonlinear time domain filtering method, and a morphology filter is constructed for filtering by selecting appropriate structural elements (mainly setting the lengths, shapes and amplitudes of the structural elements). The method has the advantage that the waveform characteristics of the original pattern can be greatly preserved after the zero drift phenomenon in the original signal is removed.
Specifically, the baseline wander removing processing can be carried out through wavelet change and short-time Fourier transform. Here, when the de-baseline wander processing is performed by wavelet transformation, discrete wavelet transformation may be used to process discrete data in the EEG signal, where discrete wavelet is defined as:
where ψ (t) is a mother wavelet of the wavelets, and the following condition is required to be satisfied:
Wherein the mother wavelet ψ (t) is obtained by shrinking, magnifying by j times, and shifting by k:
the window function resulting from the mother wavelet transform is applied to the wavelet transform, thereby realizing the multi-resolution characteristic of the wavelet.
Here, the principle of baseline wander using wavelet is: suppose that the actual observed signal x (n) is composed of the useful signal s (n) and the additive noise signal v (n), i.e.: x (n) ═ s (n) + v (n).
In the formula, the noise signal v (n) is a random sequence whose mean value is zero and obeys gaussian distribution, and wavelet transformation is performed on two sides of the above formula to obtain:
WTX(a,b)＝WTS(a,b)+WTV(a,b)；
by the wavelet transformation, an additive noise model can be obtained. According to the property of wavelet transform, for the useful signal s (n), each component after wavelet decomposition has correlation, so that the energy is concentrated on the modulus maximum of the wavelet coefficient; and the components of the noise v (n) are irrelevant after wavelet transformation, and all wavelet coefficients on each scale are distributed. According to the characteristic, if the modulus maximum value point under each scale is reserved, other wavelet coefficient points are set to be zero, and then wavelet inverse transformation is carried out, so that the purpose of suppressing noise is achieved. The threshold is determined according to the noise level of the signal, and the general threshold can be divided into a hard threshold, a soft threshold and an improved threshold, which can be selected according to specific situations.
Here, when baseline wander is removed by short-time fourier transform, the EEG signal is windowed and then subjected to fast fourier transform, the entire time domain process is decomposed into a plurality of small processes of equal length, each small process is approximately stationary, and then fourier transform is performed to determine the frequency at each time point. In the short-time Fourier transform process, the length of a window determines the time resolution and the frequency resolution of a spectrogram, the longer the window is, the longer the intercepted signal is, the longer the signal is, the higher the frequency resolution is after Fourier transform, and the worse the time resolution is; conversely, the shorter the window length, the shorter the intercepted signal, the poorer the frequency resolution, and the better the time resolution. When short-time Fourier transform is used, the selection window length of the applicability is long according to actual requirements.
Where short-time fourier transform is used to de-baseline the EEG signal, windowing and shifting around u is achieved by multiplying the source signal f (t) in the fourier transform using a time windowing function g (t-u), followed by a fourier transform. There is a measurable, square-integrable function in linear space, which is subjected to a short-time fourier transform:
Gf(∈,u)＝∫f(t)g(t-u)ej∈tdt；
inverse transform of windowed fourier transform:
in addition, when the EEG signal acquisition electrode acquires signals through the pasted electrode, contact resistance and input impedance generated by an amplifier are generated between the body surface and the electrode to form a voltage division network; and the contact resistance is changed by the body movement of the human body, the ECG signal is obviously jittered under the bidirectional action, noise is generated, the position of the signal characteristic point is difficult to accurately position in the signal processing process, and therefore the noise is removed.
And S704, the electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device transmits the obtained target human electroencephalogram signal to an upper computer for displaying.
In the step, after the target human electroencephalogram signal is obtained after the electroencephalogram module processes the signal, the target human electroencephalogram signal is transmitted to an upper computer through a network port connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module, and therefore remote communication and control are achieved.
When the electroencephalogram signal module transmits the obtained target human electroencephalogram signal to the upper computer, the target human electroencephalogram signal can be encrypted in a specific coding format and then transmitted to the switch through the internet access, and then transmitted to the upper computer through the switch. Wherein, data transmission can also be carried out through interfaces such as USB/OTG/URAT and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope disclosed in the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of a manned centrifuge is characterized by comprising a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes, an electrode concentrator module, an electroencephalogram signal processing module, a shell, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, a first signal wire, a second signal wire, a plurality of third signal wires and an electrode cap body;
the electroencephalogram signal processing module is arranged in the shell, and the first communication interface and the second communication interface are packaged on the surface of the shell;
the first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module is connected with the first communication interface, and the first end of the first signal wire is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the first communication interface; the second signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module is connected with the second communication interface, and the first end of the second signal wire is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the second communication interface; the second end of the first signal line is connected with the first signal end of the electrode concentrator module; a second end of the second signal line is connected with a first signal end of the electrode hub module; the electroencephalogram signal processing module is used for removing power frequency interference and carrying out baseline filtering processing on the received electroencephalogram signals;
the first end of each third signal wire is connected with the second signal end of the electrode concentrator module, the second end of each third signal wire is connected with the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode, and the electrode concentrator module is used for relaying electroencephalogram signals;
the signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is arranged on the cap body of the electrode cap through an electrode positioning hole reserved on the cap body of the electrode cap, the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body, and the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode is an active electrode;
the first communication interface and the second communication interface are both aviation plugs, the shell is fixed in the manned centrifugal machine, the shell is made of aluminum alloy, each joint of the shell is provided with a conductive gasket, and the first signal line, the second signal line and the third signal line are shielding lines.
2. The collection device of claim 1, further comprising an indicator light, a ground port, a switch button;
the indicator light, the ground port, and the switch button are all encapsulated on the surface of the housing;
the indicating lamp is used for reminding a user of the operation condition of each component in the acquisition device, the grounding port is used for being connected with a ground wire, and the switch button is used for controlling the acquisition device to be started.
3. The acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode comprises a microcontroller and a signal acquisition probe;
the signal output end of the signal acquisition probe is connected with the first end of the microcontroller, the second end of the microcontroller is connected with the third signal wire, the second end of the microcontroller is used as the signal output end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode, and the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe is used as the signal acquisition end of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode;
the signal acquisition probe is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a human body;
the microcontroller is used for controlling the acquisition probe to acquire human electroencephalogram signals, receiving the human electroencephalogram signals acquired by the signal acquisition probe, and sending the human electroencephalogram signals to the electrode concentrator module through the third signal wire.
4. The acquisition device of claim 3, wherein the signal acquisition probe comprises an Ag/AgCl electrode core, a BUF circuit and an impedance indicator lamp;
the output end of the electrode core is connected with the first end of the BUF circuit, and the second end of the BUF circuit and the first end of the impedance indicator lamp are connected with the first end of the microcontroller; the acquisition end of the electrode core is used as the signal acquisition end of the signal acquisition probe;
the Ag/AgCl electrode core is used for conducting the collected human electroencephalogram signals and conducting the human electroencephalogram signals to the BUF circuit;
the BUF circuit is used for enhancing the received human electroencephalogram signals;
the impedance indicator light is used for prompting a user whether to correctly wear the electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrode.
5. The acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode hub module comprises a connection terminal and a control unit;
the first end of each third signal wire is connected with the first end of the control unit, the second end of the control unit is connected with the first end of the wiring terminal, and the second end of the wiring terminal is connected with the electroencephalogram signal processing module through the first signal wire and the second signal wire;
the second end of the wiring terminal is used as a first signal end of the electrode concentrator module; and the first end of the control unit is used as a second signal end of the electrode concentrator module.
6. The acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that said control unit comprises a STM32 series single-chip microcomputer.
7. The acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein the electroencephalogram signal processing module comprises: the system comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, an isolator, an FPGA and a processor;
the first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the first signal end of the electrode concentrator module through the first signal wire and a first communication interface packaged on the surface of the shell, the first end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used as the first signal end of the electroencephalogram signal processing module, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for mutually converting digital signals and analog signals;
the second end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the first end of the isolator, and the isolator is used for protecting smooth transmission of human electroencephalogram signals;
the second end of the isolator is connected with the first end of the FPGA, and the FPGA is used for sorting and packaging the received electroencephalogram signal data and sending the data to the processor;
the second end of the FPGA is connected with the first end of the processor, and the processor is used for carrying out power frequency interference removing processing on the received electroencephalogram signal data sent by the FPGA.
8. The acquisition device of claim 7 wherein the processor is an ARM Cortex-a 94 core processor.
9. The acquisition device according to claim 7, wherein said FPGA is connected to said processor by a 4-wire SPI bus.
10. A human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition method of a manned centrifuge is characterized in that the acquisition method is applied to a human body electroencephalogram signal acquisition device of the manned centrifuge, and the acquisition method comprises the following steps:
collecting a plurality of paths of human electroencephalogram signals by a plurality of electroencephalogram signal collecting electrodes of the collecting device;
a plurality of electroencephalogram signal acquisition electrodes of the acquisition device transmit acquired multi-path human electroencephalogram signals to an electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device through a plurality of signal lines;
the electrode concentrator module of the acquisition device transmits the received electroencephalogram signals to the electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device, and the electroencephalogram signal processing module performs signal processing on the received electroencephalogram signals of the human body to obtain target electroencephalogram signals of the human body;
the electroencephalogram signal processing module of the acquisition device transmits the obtained target human electroencephalogram signal to an upper computer for display.
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