CN113331837B - Detection device and detection method for detecting mental alertness of rodents - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method for detecting mental alertness of rodents Download PDFInfo
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- CN113331837B CN113331837B CN202110468428.9A CN202110468428A CN113331837B CN 113331837 B CN113331837 B CN 113331837B CN 202110468428 A CN202110468428 A CN 202110468428A CN 113331837 B CN113331837 B CN 113331837B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
- A61B2503/40—Animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
- A61B2503/42—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals for laboratory research
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of rodents, wherein the detection device comprises an operation bin and a base, wherein the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the operation bin are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation bin through fixed components, and a metal net, a movable rod, a loudspeaker, an environment lamp, a stimulating lamp, a lifting rod and a trough are arranged in the operation bin; speaker, stimulus lamp, lift pole and trough all set up on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse, the environment lamp sets up on the rear side inner wall of operation storehouse, the trough passes through conveying channel and links to each other with food dispenser, food dispenser sets up on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is arranged in on the base, speaker, environment lamp, stimulus lamp, lift pole and food dispenser all are connected with the controlling means electricity, controlling means passes through the transmission line and is connected with the computer, controlling means sets up on the left side outer wall of operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh is provided with the collecting box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experimental equipment for psychology, and particularly relates to a detection device and a detection method for detecting mental alertness of rodents.
Background
Mental alertness test (PVT) is a commonly used method of alertness assessment, mainly to detect the sustained attention and response time of a subject to a stimulus. The method can well evaluate central fatigue, and is a routine and effective evaluation means for fatigue evaluation of various high cognitive load and environmental stimulation operations (such as aerospace operations and the like).
The currently used rodent mental state detection means mainly comprise forced swimming experiments, overhead cross experiments and the like, namely, the reaction of animals to extreme environments is observed, and the mental state of the animals is tested, but the experiments mainly detect the stress response intensity of the animals in the extreme states, and no specific detection means is provided for the mental alertness state under higher frequency stimulation, but no mental alertness state detection device under higher frequency stimulation is involved at present. Secondly, the current detection device only considers the detection purpose, but does not consider the physiological stability of the combined animal, and keeps the cleanliness of the experimental environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a detection device and a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of rodents.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a detect detection device of rodent mental alertness, includes operation storehouse and base, preceding lateral wall, back lateral wall and the roof of operation storehouse all adopt rigid plastic, roof, preceding lateral wall and back lateral wall all are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of operation storehouse through fixed subassembly, the inside metal mesh, movable rod, speaker, ambient light, stimulating lamp, lift pole and the trough of being provided with of operation storehouse, the movable rod is located the bottom and one end of metal mesh inlays and establishes on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse, and its other end runs through to the operation storehouse outside from the right side inner wall of operation storehouse and is provided with the spacing ring on it; speaker, stimulus lamp, lift pole and trough all set up on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse, the environment lamp sets up on the rear side inner wall of operation storehouse, the trough passes through conveying channel and links to each other with food dispenser, food dispenser sets up on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is arranged in on the base, speaker, environment lamp, stimulus lamp, lift pole and food dispenser all are connected with the controlling means electricity, controlling means passes through the transmission line and is connected with the computer, controlling means sets up on the left side outer wall of operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh is provided with the collecting box.
Preferably, the fixed subassembly includes fixing base and fixed column, the fixing base is an L type fixed plate, is provided with the fixed orifices on the horizontal part of L type fixed plate, is provided with two fixture blocks in the perpendicular lower extreme of L type fixed plate, the fixture block sets up in the both sides of L type fixed plate, the terminal surface, the rear end face and the preceding terminal surface of the left side wall and the right side wall of operation storehouse are provided with respectively with fixed orifices matched with fixed slot, the fixed column is located fixed orifices and fixed slot, be provided with respectively on the outer wall of the left side wall and the right side wall of operation storehouse with fixed slot matched with draw-in hole, the fixture block is located the draw-in hole.
Preferably, the metal net is composed of a plurality of metal rods, one ends of the metal rods are embedded on the inner wall of the rear side of the operation bin, and the other ends of the metal rods are embedded on the inner wall of the front side of the collection box.
Preferably, a square positioning block is integrally arranged at one end of the metal rod, and an adapting groove matched with the square positioning block is formed in the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box.
Preferably, a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the movable rod, the metal rod is located in the placing grooves, a limiting ring and a limiting assembly are arranged at the end portion of the movable rod, and the limiting assembly is matched with the limiting ring to fix the movable rod.
Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a first stop block and a second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block are symmetrically arranged in the through holes on the side wall of the movable rod, the inner end faces of the first stop block and the second stop block are respectively provided with a groove, a sliding rod is arranged in each groove on the first stop block, a sleeve is arranged in each groove of the second stop block, the end part of each sliding rod is located in each sleeve, a compression spring is sleeved outside each sliding rod and each sleeve, one end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of each first stop block, and the other end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of each second stop block.
Preferably, at least two raised strips are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, the raised strips are distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve, a sliding groove is arranged on the raised strips, the sliding groove is distributed along the axial direction of the raised strips, the inner side wall of the sliding groove bends towards the sliding rod to form an arc surface, the sliding rod is positioned in an inner ring defined by a plurality of raised strips, a plurality of sliding rails matched with the raised strips are arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rod, a plurality of trapezoid grooves are arranged on the side wall of the sliding rail, the trapezoid grooves are distributed along the axial direction of the sliding rail, guide beads and connecting rods are arranged in the trapezoid grooves, one end of each connecting rod is provided with a curved surface, the guide beads are positioned in the curved surface, a reset spring is sleeved on each connecting rod, and the guide beads are in rolling contact with the curved surface and the arc surface.
Preferably, the collecting box is internally provided with an inclined plate, four corners of the bottom surface of the inclined plate are clockwise and are sequentially provided with a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg, a third supporting leg and a fourth supporting leg from high to low, the first supporting leg is arranged at the left rear position of the inclined plate, the fourth supporting leg is arranged at the right front position of the inclined plate, the rear side wall of the collecting box is provided with a plurality of equidistant water inlet holes, the water inlet holes are clung to the inclined plate surface, the right side wall of the collecting box is provided with drain holes, the bottom wall of the right side wall of the operating bin is provided with a liquid outlet matched with the drain holes, the drain holes are positioned above the inclined plate, the left side wall and the right side wall of the collecting box are respectively provided with guide rails, the left wall and the right wall of the operating bin are provided with guide grooves matched with the guide rails, the guide grooves are formed by two L-shaped mounting plates which are mutually symmetrical, and the guide rails and the guide grooves are mutually symmetrically arranged, and the guide rails and the guide grooves are mutually slid through a sliding guide assembly.
Preferably, the sliding guide assembly comprises a sliding assembly arranged on the guide rail and a guide assembly arranged on the horizontal inner walls of the two L-shaped mounting plates, the rolling assembly comprises a central mounting hole and an inserting rod, the central mounting hole penetrates through the guide rail along the longitudinal axis direction of the guide rail, the central mounting hole comprises an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large-diameter inner hole, a lower large-diameter inner hole and a small-diameter inner hole for connecting the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole, which are symmetrically arranged along the transverse axis of the guide rail, the inserting rod is arranged in the small-diameter inner hole, two ends of the inserting rod extend into the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole respectively, limiting arc plates are arranged at the ends of the inserting rod, guide springs are arranged in the small-diameter inner holes, the guide springs are sleeved on the inserting rod, the inner ends of the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole are respectively provided with balls, and the inner ends of the two balls are respectively in rolling contact with the inner curved surfaces of the two limiting arc plates, and the outer ends of the guide springs are respectively positioned in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening;
the guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide block units which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal axis direction of the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the upper end of each guide block unit is provided with a mounting block, the side wall of each mounting block is provided with a moving hole, the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate is provided with a support column, the support column is movably connected with the moving hole through a fixed short rod, the two sides of the upper end of each guide block unit are respectively hinged with a first loop bar and a second loop bar, the upper ends of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are fixedly connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the outer sides of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are respectively sleeved with a first limiting spring and a second limiting spring, and the number of turns of the first limiting spring is larger than that of the second limiting spring.
A method of detecting mental alertness in a rodent comprising the steps of:
step 1: adapting to the environment of an operation bin
A normal environment lamp, which has no lifting rod and free movement, and is 30min per day; each animal was assigned to one of the bins where the test was performed daily, with the test time recorded;
step 2: operational conditional reflex training establishment
The normal environment lamp is provided with a lifting rod which is freely movable, the experiment starts to be fixed to food once in 30 seconds, then the food is fed every time the lifting rod of the pressing rod is lifted in 30 seconds until the experiment animal can complete the triggering of lifting the pressing rod to the food for 40-50 times in 30 minutes in continuous 5 days of operation;
step 3: establishment of a link between a stimulus light and a nose stamp for food
Adding a stimulating lamp, turning on the stimulating lamp after the animal compression bar lifts the rod T1, turning on the stimulating lamp for 1.5s, recording the time T2 of lifting the rod of the mouse after the stimulating lamp is turned on, determining the starting of food particle conveying through condition judgment, loosening the lifting rod within 1.5s after the stimulating lamp is turned on by experimental animals to obtain food, otherwise, putting no food, and recording no reaction failure; likewise, releasing the lifting rod before the stimulus lamp is turned on also has no food input, and is marked as premature reaction failure, wherein the time T1 is initially set to 10s, and gradually reduced by 1s every 1 day;
step 4: training completion criteria
After T1 is regulated to the minimum threshold value for 3s, the success rate of food throwing opening reaches more than 60% in 30min operation for 5 continuous days;
step 5: after training is successful, the experimental animal can be started to carry out drug intervention, after the intervention is finished, the psychomotor behavior detection is started, the detection flow is carried out according to the step 3, T1 is directly set to be the minimum value of 3s, and the failure rate, the success rate and the response time T2 of the animal in the operation for 30min in continuous 5 days are recorded;
step 6: in the process of step 1-5, every half hour, a water inlet switch is opened, accumulated animal excreta on the inclined plate is cleaned by flowing water, and the animal excreta is discharged into a garbage can outside the operation bin along a water discharge hole, and after detection, the animal excreta is removed from the collection box for cleaning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the stimulus lamp is added in the operation bin, a stable link of fixed stimulus and conditional reflex is established, the operational conditional reflex behavior of the rodent under the established fixed stimulus is reflected, the conditional reflex after vision stimulus is waited for by a person, and the main indexes such as response time and accuracy can be equal, but other auxiliary judging indexes such as accuracy, dexterity, coordination and consistency are evaluated in series.
The operation bin is formed by mutually fixing the plurality of fixing plates, wherein the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall are all made of hard plastics and are respectively connected with the left side wall and the right side wall through the fixing components, so that the connection firmness is ensured, and meanwhile, the operation bin is convenient to detach, replace and clean and sterilize.
In addition, the metal net is formed by a plurality of detachable metal rods, and the movable rods are erected below the metal net, so that the metal net is supported on one hand, the metal net can be limited at the current position on the other hand, the stability of the metal net is improved, the designed movable rods are easy to operate, and limit and fix can be quickly carried out. In addition, both ends of the metal rod are respectively embedded on the front side inner wall of the collecting box and the rear side inner wall of the operation bin, and when the collecting box is pulled out, one end of the metal rod can be separated from the side wall of the collecting box, and at the moment, the metal rod can be easily taken out for cleaning.
According to the invention, the inclined plate is arranged in the collecting box, so that animal excrement can slide to the drain hole from the inclined plate, is discharged into the garbage can placed outside from the drain hole, and the left and right side walls of the collecting box are provided with the guide rails and the left and right inner walls of the operating bin are provided with the matched sliding grooves, and the guide rails are in sliding connection with the sliding grooves through the sliding guide assemblies, so that the collecting box can be conveniently taken out easily, and is cleaned at regular time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a device for detecting mental alertness of a rodent according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a securing assembly;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a movable bar;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve and slide bar;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a metal rod;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a collection box;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a tilt plate;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the guide rail and the chute;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the guide assembly in a natural state;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the guide assembly in use;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method of detecting mental alertness of a rodent;
FIG. 15 shows training results of a simple response-mental behavior test device (a) stimulus lamp-associated operability condition reflex is established, response time varies with time; (b) the accuracy rate varies with time;
FIG. 16 is the effect of hypoxia exposure on mental alertness of mice; (a) accuracy rate; (b) reaction time; (c) total number of lifters changed;
FIG. 17 is a graph showing changes in mental alertness of virus-injected transgenic mice; (a) optogenetically activating D1R cells (D1R-ChR 2); (b) optogenetically inhibiting D1R cells (D1R-eNpHR); (c) optogenetically activating D2R cells (D2R-ChR 2); (D) optogenetically inhibiting D2R cells (D2R-eNpHR).
1. An operation bin; 101 a liquid outlet; 2. a metal mesh; 201. a metal rod; 202. a square positioning block; 3. a movable rod; 301. a placement groove; 4. a collection box; 401. a water inlet hole; 402. a drain hole; 5. a trough; 6. a control device; 7. lifting a rod; 8. a stimulating lamp; 9. a speaker; 10. an ambient light; 11. a food dispenser; 12. a conveying channel; 13. a mounting frame; 14. a limiting ring; 15. a limit component; 1501. a first stopper; 1502. a second stopper; 1503. a groove; 1504. a slide bar; 1505. a sleeve; 1506. a compression spring; 1507. a convex strip; 1508. a sliding groove; 1509. a cambered surface; 1510. a slide rail; 1511. a trapezoid groove; 1512. a guide bead; 1513. A connecting rod; 1514. a curved surface; 1515. a return spring; 16. a fixing seat; 1601. an L-shaped fixing plate; 1602. A fixing hole; 1603. a clamping block; 17. fixing the column; 18. an inclined plate; 19. a guide rail; 1901. a central mounting hole; 20. an L-shaped mounting plate; 21. a guide block unit; 22. a support column; 23. a mounting block; 2301. a moving hole; 24. a ball; 25. a rod; 26. a guide spring; 27. a first loop bar; 28. a second loop bar; 29. A first limit spring; 30. a second limit spring; 31. a second leg; 32. a third leg; 33. and a fourth leg.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention particularly provides a rodent simple reaction-psychomotor behavior detection device, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises an operation bin 1 and a base, wherein the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall of the operation bin 1 are all made of hard plastics, and the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall are all connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation bin 1 through fixing components; the operation bin 1 is internally provided with a metal net 2, a movable rod 3, a loudspeaker 9, an environment lamp 10, a stimulating lamp 8, a lifting rod 7 and a trough 5, wherein the movable rod 3 is positioned at the bottom end of the metal net 2, one end of the movable rod is embedded on the left inner wall of the operation bin 1, and the other end of the movable rod penetrates from the right inner wall of the operation bin 1 to the outer side of the operation bin and is provided with a limiting ring 14; speaker 9, stimulus lamp 8, nasal stamp 7 and trough 5 all set up on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse 1, ambient lamp 10 sets up on the rear side inner wall of operation storehouse 1, trough 5 links to each other with food dispenser 11 through conveying channel 12, food dispenser 11 sets up on mounting bracket 13, mounting bracket 13 sets up on the base, speaker 9, ambient lamp 10, stimulus lamp 8, nasal stamp 7 and food dispenser 11 all are connected with controlling means 6 electricity, controlling means 6 is connected with computer (not shown in the figure) through the transmission line, controlling means 6 sets up on the left side outer wall of operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh 2 is provided with collection box 4.
The control device 6 can control the on and off of the environment lamp 10, and the on condition, the on time and the flashing frequency of the stimulation lamp 8 are controlled by the computer by the control device 6, and the connection with the nasal stamp 7 and the food dispenser 11 is established. The control method is a well-known technical means in the field of the stenite box, and therefore, a detailed description is omitted here.
In this embodiment, the roof, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the operation cabin 1 are all made of transparent hard plastics, and are fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall by using the fixing component, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the roof, and a window for putting experimental animals is formed in the front side wall.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixing assembly includes a fixing base 16 and a fixing post 17, the fixing base is an L-shaped fixing plate 1601, a fixing hole 1602 is provided on a horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, two clamping blocks 1603 are provided at lower ends of vertical portions of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, the clamping blocks 1603 are disposed on two sides of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, fixing grooves (not shown in the drawing) matched with the fixing hole 1602 are respectively provided on top end surfaces, rear end surfaces and front end surfaces of left side walls and right side walls of the operation bin 1, the fixing post 17 is located in the fixing hole 1602 and the fixing grooves, clamping holes (not shown in the drawing) matched with the fixing grooves are respectively provided on outer walls of left side walls and right side walls of the operation bin 1, and the clamping blocks are located in the clamping holes. By adopting the fixing assembly, the fixing assembly is convenient to connect, detach and replace and clean and sterilize.
As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the metal net 2 is constituted by a plurality of metal rods 201, one end of each metal rod 201 is fitted on the rear side inner wall of the operation bin 1, and the other end is fitted on the front side inner wall of the collection bin 4. A square positioning block 202 is integrally arranged at one end of the metal rod 201, and an adapting groove matched with the square positioning block 202 is formed in the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box 4. One end of the metal rod 201 is designed into a square positioning block structure, so that the side wall of the collecting box 4 is convenient to limit and fix the metal rod, and the metal rod 201 is prevented from rotating.
As shown in fig. 3-7, the movable rod 3 is provided with a plurality of placement grooves 301, the metal rod 201 is located in the placement grooves 301, the end part of the movable rod 3 is provided with a limiting ring 14 and a limiting assembly 15, and the limiting assembly 15 is matched with the limiting ring 14 to fix the movable rod. The metal rod 201 can be conveniently taken out for disinfection treatment, and the safety of the internal environment of the operation bin 1 is improved.
The limiting component 15 includes a first stop block 1501 and a second stop block 1502, the first stop block 1501 and the second stop block 1502 are symmetrically disposed in a through hole on a side wall of the movable rod 3, inner end surfaces of the first stop block 1501 and the second stop block 1502 are respectively provided with a groove 1503, a slide bar 1504 is disposed in the groove 1503 on the first stop block 1501, a sleeve 1505 is disposed in the groove 1503 of the second stop block 1502, an end portion of the slide bar 1504 is disposed in the sleeve 1505, compression springs 1506 are sleeved on outer sides of the slide bar 1504 and the sleeve 1505, one end of each compression spring 1506 is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the first stop block 1501, and the other end of each compression spring 1506 is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the second stop block 1502.
In this embodiment, the two sides of the ends of the first stop 1501 and the second stop 1502 are designed to be inclined planes, so that the resistance of pulling out and pushing in the stop collar 14 is reduced, the flexibility is high, and the operation is convenient.
In order to improve the stability of the sliding between the sliding rod 1504 and the sleeve 1505, in this embodiment, at least two raised strips 1507 are provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 1505, the raised strips 1507 are distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve 1505, sliding grooves 1508 are provided on the raised strips 1507, the sliding grooves 1508 are distributed along the axial direction of the raised strips 1507, the inner side walls of the sliding grooves 1508 bend towards the sliding rod 1504 to form an arc surface 1509, the sliding rod 1504 is located in an inner ring defined by the raised strips 1507, a plurality of sliding rails 1510 matched with the raised strips 1507 are provided on the outer wall of the sliding rod 1504, a plurality of trapezoid grooves 1511 are provided on the side walls of the sliding rail 1510, a plurality of trapezoid grooves 1511 are distributed along the axial direction of the sliding rail 1510, guide beads 1512 and a connecting rod 1513 are provided in the trapezoid grooves 1511, one end of the connecting rod 1513 is provided with a curved surface 1514, the guide beads 1512 are located in the curved surface 1514, and a reset spring 1515 is sleeved on the connecting rod 1513. 1/3 of the guide beads 1512 are located in the slide groove 1508 and are in sliding contact with the curved surface 1509.
By the design of the raised strips 1507 and the sliding rail 1510, the contact between the sliding rod 1504 and the sleeve 1504 is improved from circular contact to cambered contact between the sliding rail 1510 and the raised strips 1507, and the friction force between the sliding rod 1504 and the sleeve 1505 is reduced. Meanwhile, a trapezoid groove 1511 is designed on the sliding rail 1510, a guide post 1512 and a connecting rod 1513 are arranged in the trapezoid groove 1511, the connecting rod 1513 is not directly contacted with the inner wall of the trapezoid groove 1511, a return spring 1515 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 1513, 1/3 of the guide post 1512 is stabilized outside the trapezoid groove 1511 and in the sliding groove 1508 by the elasticity of the return spring 1515, the guide post 1512 is contacted with an arc surface 1509 on the inner wall of the sliding groove 1508, and accordingly the arc surface 1509 is contacted with points, friction force between the convex strip 1507 and the sliding rail 1510 is further reduced, and stability of relative sliding between the sleeve 1505 and the sliding rod 1504 is improved to a great extent.
As shown in fig. 9-13, an inclined plate 18 is disposed in the collecting box 4, four corners of the bottom surface of the inclined plate 18 are clockwise and sequentially provided with a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg 31, a third supporting leg 32 and a fourth supporting leg 33 from high to low, the first supporting leg is disposed at a left rear position of the inclined plate 18, the fourth supporting leg 33 is disposed at a right front position of the inclined plate 18, a plurality of equidistant water inlet holes 401 are disposed on a rear side wall of the collecting box 4, the water inlet holes 401 are tightly attached to an inclined plate surface, a water drain hole 402 is disposed on a right side wall of the collecting box 4, the water drain hole 402 is located above the inclined plate 18, a liquid outlet 101 matched with the water drain hole is disposed on a bottom wall of a right side wall of the operating bin 1, guide rails 19 are disposed on left and right side walls of the collecting box 4 respectively, guide grooves matched with the guide rails 19 are formed by two L-shaped mounting plates 20 symmetrically disposed on the left and right side walls of the operating bin 1, and the guide rails are relatively slid between the guide rails 19 and the guide rails through a sliding guide assembly.
As shown in fig. 11, the sliding guide assembly includes a sliding assembly disposed on a guide rail and a guide assembly disposed on horizontal inner walls of two L-shaped mounting plates.
Specifically, the rolling assembly includes a central mounting hole 1901 and an inserting rod 25, the central mounting hole 1901 penetrates through the guide rail 19 along the longitudinal axis direction of the guide rail, the central mounting hole 1901 includes an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large diameter inner hole, a lower large diameter inner hole and a small diameter inner hole for connecting the upper large diameter inner hole and the lower large diameter inner hole which are symmetrically arranged along the transverse axis of the guide rail 19, the inserting rod 25 is arranged in the small diameter inner hole, two ends of the inserting rod extend into the upper large diameter inner hole and the lower large diameter inner hole respectively, limiting arc plates are arranged at the ends of the inserting rod 25, a guide spring 26 is arranged in the small diameter inner hole, balls 24 are arranged in the upper large diameter inner hole and the lower large diameter inner hole in a sleeved mode, the inner ends of the two balls 24 are in rolling contact with inner curved surfaces of the two limiting arc plates respectively, and the outer ends of the two balls 24 are located in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening respectively.
As shown in fig. 12-13, the guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide block units 21 sequentially arranged along the horizontal axis direction of the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20, the bottom of each guide block unit 21 is an arc surface, the arc surface is positioned in the upper curved surface opening or the lower curved surface opening and is in rolling contact with the balls 24, the upper end of each guide block unit 21 is provided with a mounting block 23, the side wall of each mounting block 23 is provided with a moving hole 2301, the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20 is provided with a support column 22, the support column 22 is movably connected with the moving holes 2301 through a fixed short rod, two sides of the upper end of each guide block unit 21 are respectively hinged with a first loop bar 27 and a second loop bar 28, the upper ends of the first loop bar 27 and the second loop bar 28 are fixedly connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20, a first limit spring 29 and a second limit spring 30 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the first loop bar 27 and the second loop bar 28, one ends of the first limit spring 29 and the second limit spring 30 are connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20, the other ends of the first limit spring 29 and the second limit spring 30 are connected with the upper ends of the guide block units 21 respectively.
After the guide rails on two sides of the collecting box slide into the sliding groove, the guide block units 21 connected to the horizontal inner walls of the upper and lower L-shaped mounting plates 20 slide into the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening respectively and are in rolling contact with the balls 24, the first limit springs 29 are compressed due to the extrusion of the guide rails 19 to the guide block units 20, the first sleeve rods 27 are contracted, then the second sleeve rods 28 are stretched, the second limit springs 30 are stretched, the guide block units 21 are straightened and are parallel to the guide rails 19, the guide rails 19 slide along the sliding groove conveniently, and the sliding is more stable.
The invention also provides a method for detecting mental alertness of a rodent, as shown in figure 14, comprising the steps of:
step 1: adapting to the environment of an operation bin
A normal environment lamp, which has no lifting rod and free movement, and is 30min per day; each animal was assigned to one of the bins where the test was performed daily, with the test time recorded;
step 2: operational conditional reflex training establishment
The normal environment lamp is provided with a lifting rod which is freely movable, the experiment starts to be fixed to food once in 30 seconds, then the food is fed every time the lifting rod of the pressing rod is lifted in 30 seconds until the experiment animal can complete the triggering of lifting the pressing rod to the food for 40-50 times in 30 minutes in continuous 5 days of operation;
step 3: establishment of a link between a stimulus light and a nose stamp for food
Adding a stimulating lamp, turning on the stimulating lamp after the animal compression bar lifts the rod T1, turning on the stimulating lamp for 1.5s, recording the time T2 of lifting the rod of the mouse after the stimulating lamp is turned on, determining the starting of food particle conveying through condition judgment, loosening the lifting rod within 1.5s after the stimulating lamp is turned on by experimental animals to obtain food, otherwise, putting no food, and recording no reaction failure; likewise, releasing the lifting rod before the stimulus lamp is turned on also has no food input, and is marked as premature reaction failure, wherein the time T1 is initially set to 10s, and gradually reduced by 1s every 1 day;
step 4: training completion criteria
After T1 is regulated to the minimum threshold value for 3s, the success rate of food throwing opening reaches more than 60% in 30min operation for 5 continuous days;
step 5: after training is successful, the experimental animal can be started to be subjected to pharmaceutical intervention
After intervention is finished, the psychomotor behavior detection is started, the detection flow is carried out according to the step 3, T1 is directly set to be the minimum value of 3s, and the failure rate (including non-response failure and premature response failure), the success rate (the successful delivery times/the nasal stamp times) and the response time T2 of the animal in the operation for 30 minutes in continuous 5 days are recorded;
step 6: in the process of step 1-5, every half hour, a water inlet switch is opened, accumulated animal excreta on the inclined plate is cleaned by flowing water, and the animal excreta is discharged into a garbage can outside the operation bin along a water discharge hole, and after detection, the animal excreta is removed from the collection box for cleaning.
As a result, as shown in fig. 15, by the device, the mouse can effectively establish the connection between the operative conditioned reflex and the stimulus lamp and the operative conditioned reflex.
The rat feed used 45 mg food particles and the mice used 20 mg food particles to control the stimulus presentation, the nasal stamp response input, the enhanced delivery and data collection through an interface connected to a computer.
Examples
As shown in FIG. 11, the device was used to measure changes in simple response-mental nerve reactivity of mice after hypoxia exposure, and experiments were divided into hypoxia group (Hyp) and normoxic group (con)
The change in the response of the mice to the established operating conditions of the stimulation lamp was again measured 21 days after exposure, and it was found by 3-day repeated measurements that the response accuracy (Correct%) in mental alertness of the mice in the hypoxic group was not significantly changed compared to the normoxic group, but the response time (response time) was significantly prolonged at the first day of the test, and the response times on the second and third days were not significantly different from the normoxic group, suggesting that the hypoxic exposure may excessively affect the mental alertness of the mice.
As shown in FIG. 16, after constructing D1R cells and D2R cells, which can be activated by the striatum region of the mice, respectively, by virus injection using the apparatus assay, the change of the small mental alertness before and after the optogenetic activation (CHR 2) or inhibition (eNpHR) was measured, and it was found that the reaction time of the mice after the optogenetic activation of the D1R cells was significantly shortened and the reaction time of the mice after the inhibition of the D1R cells was not significantly changed by repeating the assay for 3 days. The response time of the mice after the D2R cells are activated by the light inheritance is not changed significantly, and the response time limit of the mice after the D2R cells are restrained is shortened. Important loop cells suggesting mental alertness in mice when striatal D1R cells and D2R cells.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive, and other modifications and equivalents thereof may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a detect detecting device of rodent mental alertness, includes operation storehouse and base, its characterized in that, preceding lateral wall, back lateral wall and the roof of operation storehouse all adopt rigid plastic, roof, preceding lateral wall and back lateral wall all are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of operation storehouse through fixed subassembly, the inside metal mesh, movable rod, speaker, ambient light, stimulating lamp, lift pole and the trough of being provided with of operation storehouse, the movable rod is located the bottom of metal mesh and one end inlays and establishes on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse, and its other end runs through to the operation storehouse outside from the right side inner wall of operation storehouse and is provided with the spacing ring on it; the loudspeaker, the stimulating lamp, the lifting rod and the food groove are all arranged on the left inner wall of the operation bin, the environment lamp is arranged on the rear inner wall of the operation bin, the food groove is connected with the food dispenser through a conveying channel, the food dispenser is arranged on the mounting frame, the mounting frame is arranged on the base, the loudspeaker, the environment lamp, the stimulating lamp, the lifting rod and the food dispenser are all electrically connected with the control device, the control device is connected with the computer through a transmission line, the control device is arranged on the left outer wall of the operation bin, and the collecting box is arranged below the metal net;
the metal net consists of a plurality of metal rods, one ends of the metal rods are embedded on the inner wall of the rear side of the operation bin, and the other ends of the metal rods are embedded on the inner wall of the front side of the collection box;
the movable rod is provided with a plurality of placing grooves, the metal rod is positioned in the placing grooves, the end part of the movable rod is provided with a limiting ring and a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly is matched with the limiting ring to fix the movable rod;
the limiting assembly comprises a first stop block and a second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block are symmetrically arranged in a through hole on the side wall of the movable rod, the inner end surfaces of the first stop block and the second stop block are respectively provided with a groove, a sliding rod is arranged in the groove on the first stop block, a sleeve is arranged in the groove of the second stop block, the end part of the sliding rod is positioned in the sleeve, compression springs are sleeved outside the sliding rod and the sleeve, one end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the first stop block, and the other end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the second stop block;
the sliding sleeve comprises a sleeve body and is characterized in that at least two raised strips are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body, the raised strips are distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve body, sliding grooves are formed in the raised strips, the sliding grooves are distributed along the axial direction of the raised strips, the inner side walls of the sliding grooves are bent towards a sliding rod to form cambered surfaces, the sliding rod is positioned in an inner ring defined by a plurality of raised strips, a plurality of sliding rails matched with the raised strips are arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rod, a plurality of trapezoid grooves are formed in the side walls of the sliding rail, the trapezoid grooves are distributed along the axial direction of the sliding rail, guide beads and connecting rods are arranged in the trapezoid grooves, one end of each connecting rod is provided with a curved surface, the guide beads are positioned in the curved surface, a reset spring is sleeved on each connecting rod, and the guide beads are in rolling contact with the curved surface and the cambered surface;
the collecting box is internally provided with an inclined plate, four corners of the bottom surface of the inclined plate are clockwise and sequentially provided with a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg, a third supporting leg and a fourth supporting leg from high to low, the first supporting leg is arranged at the left rear position of the inclined plate, the fourth supporting leg is arranged at the right front position of the inclined plate, the rear side wall of the collecting box is provided with a plurality of equidistant water inlet holes, the water inlet holes are clung to an inclined plate surface, the right side wall of the collecting box is provided with a drain hole, the bottom wall of the right side wall of the operating bin is provided with a liquid outlet matched with the drain hole, the drain hole is positioned above the inclined plate, the left side wall and the right side wall of the operating bin are respectively provided with guide rails, the left side wall and the right side wall of the operating bin are provided with guide grooves matched with the guide rails, the guide grooves are formed by two L-shaped mounting plates which are symmetrically arranged, and relative sliding is realized between the guide rails and the guide grooves through sliding guide assemblies;
the sliding guide assembly comprises a sliding assembly arranged on a guide rail and guide assemblies arranged on the horizontal inner walls of two L-shaped mounting plates, the sliding assembly comprises a central mounting hole and an inserting rod, the central mounting hole penetrates through the guide rail along the longitudinal axis direction of the guide rail, the central mounting hole comprises an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large-diameter inner hole, a lower large-diameter inner hole and a small-diameter inner hole which are symmetrically arranged along the transverse axis of the guide rail, the small-diameter inner hole is connected with the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole, the inserting rod is arranged in the small-diameter inner hole, two ends of the inserting rod extend into the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole respectively, limiting arc plates are arranged at the ends of the inserting rod, guide springs are arranged in the small-diameter inner holes, the guide springs are sleeved on the inserting rod, the inner ends of the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole are respectively provided with balls, and the inner ends of the two balls are respectively in rolling contact with the inner curved surfaces of the two limiting arc plates, and the outer ends of the guide springs are respectively positioned in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening;
the guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide block units which are sequentially arranged along the transverse axis direction of the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the bottom of each guide block unit is an arc surface, the arc surface is positioned in an upper curved surface opening or a lower curved surface opening and is in rolling contact with balls, the upper end of each guide block unit is provided with a mounting block, the side wall of each mounting block is provided with a moving hole, a support column is arranged on the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the support column is movably connected with the moving hole through a fixed short rod, the two sides of the upper end of each guide block unit are respectively hinged with a first loop bar and a second loop bar, the upper ends of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are fixedly connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the outer sides of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are respectively sleeved with a first limit spring and a second limit spring, one ends of the first limit spring and the second limit spring are connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the other ends of the first limit spring and the second limit spring are connected with the upper end of the guide block unit, and the number of turns of the first limit spring is larger than that of turns of the second limit spring.
2. The device for detecting the mental alertness of the rodents according to claim 1, wherein the fixing assembly comprises a fixing seat and a fixing column, the fixing seat is an L-shaped fixing plate, a fixing hole is formed in the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, two clamping blocks are arranged at the lower end of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, the clamping blocks are arranged on two sides of the L-shaped fixing plate, fixing grooves matched with the fixing hole are respectively formed in the top end face, the rear end face and the front end face of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation bin, the fixing column is located in the fixing hole and the fixing groove, clamping holes matched with the fixing grooves are respectively formed in the outer walls of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation bin, and the clamping blocks are located in the clamping holes.
3. The device for detecting mental alertness of rodents according to claim 1, wherein a square positioning block is integrally arranged at one end of the metal rod, and an adapting groove matched with the square positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box.
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