CN113329277A

CN113329277A - Method and apparatus for optical communication

Info

Publication number: CN113329277A
Application number: CN202010132015.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张伦; 林华枫; 郑刚; 曾小飞
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-29
Filing date: 2020-02-29
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-29
Also published as: CN113329277B

Abstract

The application provides a method and a device for optical communication, which are applied to an optical communication network, wherein the optical communication network comprises an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and a plurality of Optical Network Units (ONU), the method comprises the steps that first equipment sends a first light beam with a first wavelength, and the first equipment comprises one of the OLT or the first ONU; the first device receiving a second optical beam comprising reflected light of the first optical beam generated by first reflecting means in a second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU; the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the receiving power of the second light beam, the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the second wavelength comprises the wavelength used by the second ONU for data transmission, so that the communication of other ONUs can be unaffected, the service delay is reduced, and the device cost is reduced.

Description

Method and apparatus for optical communication

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for optical communication in optical communication.

Background

A Passive Optical Network (PON) is a typical Passive Optical Network. A passive Optical Network includes an Optical Line Termination (OLT) installed at a central control station, and a plurality of Optical Network Units (ONUs) installed at customer sites in a coordinated manner.

The distance between the OLT and the ONU is an important parameter in the optical communication technology, and at present, a technology for measuring the distance between the OLT and the ONU is known, in which a transmitting side of the OLT and the ONU transmits a measurement signal to a receiving side, and the receiving side feeds back a response signal after receiving the measurement signal, so that the transmitting side can determine the distance between the OLT and the ONU according to a time length from a transmission time of the measurement signal to a reception time of the response signal.

In order to prevent the measurement signal and the response signal from affecting the communication of its ONU in the PON network, in one scheme, the OLT assigns a time window to each ONU, and only the ONU to be measured and the OLT transmit the measurement signal and the response signal within the time window, and other ONUs do not perform data transmission with the OLT, thereby seriously affecting the communication efficiency and greatly increasing the communication delay of other ONUs.

In contrast, a scheme is proposed in which an optical communication module for transmission of a measurement signal and a return signal and an optical communication module for data transmission are respectively disposed in the OLT and the ONU, so that distance measurement and data transmission can be performed by different optical communication modules, but the technique requires two optical communication modules to be configured, which greatly increases the equipment cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an optical communication method and device, which can reduce equipment cost while not influencing communication of other ONUs.

In a first aspect, a method for optical communication is provided, which is applied to an optical communication network including an optical line terminal OLT and a plurality of optical network units ONU, and includes that a first device transmits a first optical beam with a first wavelength, and the first device includes one of the OLT or the first ONU; the first device receiving a second optical beam comprising reflected light of the first optical beam generated by first reflecting means in a second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU; and the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, wherein the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the second wavelength comprises a wavelength used by the second ONU for data transmission.

By way of example and not limitation, the first device determining a distance between the first device and the second device from the received power of the second beam comprises:

and the first equipment determines the distance between the first equipment and the second equipment by using an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) technology according to the received power of the second light beam.

Optionally, the determining, by the first device, the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam includes:

the first device determines a time domain position corresponding to the received power of the second light beam according to the received power change condition of the reflected light of the first light beam returned from the optical fiber; and determining the distance between the first device and the second device according to the time domain position corresponding to the received power of the second light beam.

Specifically, assuming that the emission timing of the first light beam is Ta and the reception time of the reflected light from the second device is Tb, the distance d between the first device and the second device is (Tb-Ta) × v/2.

Where v is the propagation velocity of the first beam in the fiber.

In this application, based on the OTDR device, a profile (also referred to as OTDR) of reflected light (specifically, intensity of the reflected light) of the first beam incident from the optical fiber in a time domain (or a time base) can be generated, and further, since the reflected light of the first beam by the second device is strong, that is, the intensity of the second beam is strong, the second beam shows a peak on the OTDR profile, so that the receiving time of the second beam can be determined based on the time corresponding to the peak position, and further, the distance between the second device and the first device can be determined.

Optionally, the first device includes an OLT, and the method further includes: and the first device uses the seventh light beam with the second wavelength to carry out data transmission with the second ONU.

According to the ranging scheme provided by the application, the wavelength of the first light beam is different from the wavelengths used by other ONUs for data transmission, so that the communication of other ONUs cannot be influenced by ranging.

In this application, a light beam may also be referred to as an optical signal, a signal light, or a detection light, where the optical signal does not carry data, or the optical signal does not need to undergo processing such as modulation and demodulation in a ranging process.

Optionally, the first light beam carries no data.

According to the ranging scheme provided by the application, since ranging is performed based on the received power of the reflected light of the first light beam, data for identifying whether information is successfully transmitted and received does not need to be carried in the first light beam, and therefore, an optical communication module such as a photoelectric conversion module or an electro-optical conversion module does not need to be additionally arranged for transmitting and receiving the light beam for ranging, and equipment cost can be reduced.

And the number of the first and second electrodes,

in this application, an ONU may include an Optical Network unit (ONT).

Optionally, the first device comprises an OLT.

And, the OLT may transmit the first beam to all the ONUs through the optical fiber network.

That is, the first device transmits a first light beam at a first wavelength, comprising: the first device transmits the first optical beam to a plurality of ONUs including a second device.

In this case, in order to distinguish the power of the reflected light from the second device from the power of the emitted light from the plurality of ONUs, the following processing may be performed.

Namely, the method further comprises:

the first equipment sends first information, and the first information is used for indicating the second equipment to close the first reflecting device;

the first device transmits a third light beam at a first wavelength;

the first device receiving a fourth light beam, the fourth light beam comprising reflected light of the third light beam; and

the first device determining a distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second beam, comprising:

the first device determines the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device according to the received power of the second light beam and the received power of the fourth light beam;

the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device.

Optionally, the first information includes identification information of the second device.

That is, the first information includes identification information of the first ONU.

Wherein the identification information of the first ONU can be used to uniquely indicate the ONU in the PON system.

For example, the identification information of the first ONU may be an identification assigned by the OLT to the first ONU.

Alternatively, the identification information of the first ONU may be its own identification or the like.

By way of example and not limitation, the identification information of the second device may include, but is not limited to, a Serial Number (SN) of the second device, for example.

As another example, the identification information of the second device may include, but is not limited to, a password (password) of the second device.

It should be understood that the above listed identification information is only an exemplary illustration, the present application is not limited thereto, and other identifications capable of being used to distinguish the first ONU from multiple ONUs fall within the scope of the present application.

According to the scheme of the application, the first ONU is enabled to start the reflection device in one time of ranging, so that the light received by the OLT includes the reflected light from the first ONU, the first ONU is enabled to stop the reflection device in another time of ranging, so that the light received by the OLT does not include the reflected light from the first ONU, therefore, the power of the reflected light from the first ONU is determined by comparing the power distribution of the reflected light received twice, and further, the distance between the OLT and the first ONU can be determined according to the power of the reflected light from the first ONU.

Optionally, the method further comprises: the first device determines a first time length according to the distance between the first device and the second device, wherein the first time length comprises the optical fiber transmission time length from the first device to the second device; and the first device determines Eqd an equalization delay parameter of the first ONU according to the first duration.

The distance between the OLT and the first ONU measured according to the scheme provided by the present application may be used to determine Eqd of the first ONU. In contrast to the prior art, in which the process of determining Eqd is similar to ranging, in order to avoid the influence of measurement on data transmission of other ONUs, a time window for measurement needs to be allocated, and data transmission of other ONUs is prohibited in the measured time window, so that communication delay of other ONUs is increased.

Optionally, the determining Eqd of the first ONU according to the first duration includes: the first device determines Eqd of the first ONU according to an equivalent frame number, the first time, a second time, a third time, a fourth time, a fifth time, a sixth time and a seventh time, wherein the second time comprises the optical fiber transmission time from the second device to the first device, the third time comprises the sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth time comprises the receiving circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth time comprises the message processing time of the first ONU, the sixth time comprises the first sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time, and the seventh time comprises the receiving circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first device.

Optionally, the method further comprises: the first device determines the second duration according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

Optionally, the method further comprises: the first device reflects a fifth light beam with a third wavelength sent by the second device through a second reflecting device; the first device receives third information sent by the second device, where the third information is used to indicate the second time duration, the second time duration is determined by the second device according to the received power of a sixth light beam, the sixth light beam includes reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the first device through the second reflecting device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength.

Optionally, the first device includes an ONU, and the method further includes: the first device receives resource configuration information periodically sent by an OLT, wherein the resource configuration information is used for indicating resources of the first device for data transmission.

According to the scheme provided by the application, when the first ONU initiates the measurement process, since the ONU can obtain Eqd by self-measurement, the OLT cannot sense whether the ONU completes the measurement, and according to the scheme in the prior art, the OLT cannot determine whether the first ONU can perform resource scheduling for data transmission. In contrast, according to the present invention, by periodically transmitting resource allocation information for resource scheduling to the OLT, the OLT can directly communicate with the OLT using Eqd after the first ONU has obtained Eqd for measurement, and the OLT does not need to sense whether the ONU has completed measurement, thereby further improving the practicability of the present invention.

Optionally, the first device includes an ONU, and the method further includes: the first device receives measurement configuration information sent by an OLT, wherein the measurement configuration information is used for indicating a first time period; and the first device transmitting the first light beam at the first wavelength comprises the first device transmitting the first light beam at the first wavelength for the first period of time.

According to the scheme provided by the application, different measurement time periods can be configured for different ONUs through the measurement configuration information sent by the OLT, so that the conflict caused by the fact that a plurality of ONUs initiate measurement at the same time can be avoided, and the accuracy and the reliability of the measurement method are improved.

In a second aspect, a method for optical communication is provided, which is applied to an optical communication network including an optical line terminal OLT and a plurality of optical network units ONU, and includes: the second device reflects a first light beam with a first wavelength sent by the first device through a first reflection device, so that the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, the second light beam comprises the reflected light of the first light beam generated by the second device through the first reflection device, wherein the first device comprises one of the OLT or the first ONU, the second device comprises the other of the OLT or the first ONU, the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength comprises a wavelength used by the second ONU for data transmission.

Optionally, the first light beam carries no data.

Optionally, the second device includes an OLT, and the method further includes: and the second device uses the seventh light beam with the second wavelength to carry out data transmission with the second ONU.

Optionally, the second device includes an ONU, and the method further includes: the second device receives first information, and the first information is used for instructing the second device to close the first reflecting device.

Optionally, the second device includes an ONU, and the method further includes: the second device receives fourth information sent by the first device, where the fourth information is used to indicate an equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU, where the Eqd is determined according to an equivalent frame number, a first duration, a second duration, a third duration, a fourth duration, a fifth duration, a sixth duration, and a seventh duration, where the first duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the first device to the second device, the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third duration includes a sending circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration includes a receiving circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration includes a message processing time of the first ONU, and the sixth duration includes the sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the seventh time period comprises a receiving circuit processing and photoelectric conversion time of the first device, and the first time period or the second time period is determined according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

Optionally, the method further comprises: the second device transmits a fifth light beam at a third wavelength; the second device receives a sixth light beam comprising reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the second reflecting means in the first device; the first device determines the second duration according to the received power of the sixth light beam, where the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength; and third information sent by the second device to the first device, wherein the third information is used for indicating the second duration.

Optionally, the second device includes an OLT, and the method further includes: and resource configuration information periodically sent by the second device, where the resource configuration information is used to indicate a resource for data transmission by the first device.

A third aspect provides an apparatus for optical communication, configured in a first device in an optical communication network, the optical communication network comprising an optical line terminal, OLT, and a plurality of optical network units, ONUs, the first device comprising one of the OLT or a first ONU, the apparatus comprising: a transceiver unit for transmitting a first light beam of a first wavelength and for receiving a second light beam comprising reflected light of the first light beam generated by a first reflecting device in a second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU; and the processing unit is configured to determine a distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, where the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength includes a wavelength used by a second ONU for data transmission.

Optionally, the first light beam carries no data.

Optionally, the first device includes an OLT, and the transceiver unit is further configured to perform data transmission with the second ONU using a seventh optical beam with the second wavelength.

Optionally, the first device includes an OLT, and the transceiver unit is specifically configured to send the first light beam to a plurality of ONUs including a second device, and is further configured to send first information, where the first information is used to instruct the second device to turn off the first reflection apparatus, send a third light beam with a first wavelength, and receive a fourth light beam, where the fourth light beam includes reflected light of the third light beam; and the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device according to the received power of the second light beam and the received power of the fourth light beam, and determine the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine a first time length according to a distance between the first device and the second device, where the first time length includes a time length of optical fiber transmission from the first device to the second device, and determine an equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU according to the first time length.

Optionally, the processing unit is specifically configured to determine Eqd of the first ONU, according to an equivalent frame number, the first duration, the second duration, the third duration, the fourth duration, the fifth duration, the sixth duration, and a seventh duration, where the second duration includes a duration of optical fiber transmission from the second device to the first device, the third duration includes a sending circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration includes a receiving circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration includes a time for the first ONU to process a packet, the sixth duration includes the first ONU sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time, and the seventh duration includes the receiving circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first device.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second duration according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: second reflecting means for reflecting a fifth light beam of a third wavelength transmitted by the second device; the transceiver unit is further configured to receive third information sent by the second device, where the third information is used to indicate the second duration, the second duration is determined by the second device according to a received power of a sixth light beam, the sixth light beam includes a reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the first device through the second reflection device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength.

In yet another implementation, the second reflecting means may also be configured independently of the means for optical communication, i.e. the second reflecting means is a device configured in the first apparatus.

Optionally, the first device includes an ONU, and the transceiver unit is further configured to receive resource configuration information periodically sent by the OLT, where the resource configuration information is used to indicate a resource for data transmission by the first device.

In a fourth aspect, an apparatus for optical communication is provided in a second device in an optical communication network, the optical communication network including an optical line terminal OLT and a plurality of optical network units ONU, the first device including one of the OLT or the first ONU, and the second device including the other of the OLT or the first ONU, the apparatus comprising: the reflection unit is configured to reflect a first light beam with a first wavelength sent by a first device, so that the first device determines a distance between the first device and a second device according to a received power of a second light beam, where the second light beam includes a reflected light of the first light beam generated by the second device through a first reflection device, the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength includes a wavelength used when a second ONU performs data transmission.

Optionally, the first light beam carries no data.

Optionally, the second device includes an OLT, and the apparatus further includes: and the transceiver unit is used for carrying out data transmission with the second ONU by using the seventh light beam with the second wavelength.

Optionally, the second device includes an ONU, and the apparatus further includes: and the transceiver unit is used for receiving first information, and the first information is used for indicating the second equipment to close the first reflecting device.

Optionally, the second device includes an ONU, and the apparatus further includes: a transceiver unit, configured to receive fourth information sent by the first device, where the fourth information is used to indicate an equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU, where the Eqd is determined according to an equivalent frame number, a first duration, a second duration, a third duration, a fourth duration, a fifth duration, a sixth duration, and a seventh duration, where the first duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the first device to the second device, the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third duration includes a transmission circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration includes a reception circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration includes a message processing time of the first ONU, and the sixth duration includes the first ONU transmission circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time, the seventh time period comprises a receiving circuit processing and photoelectric conversion time of the first device, and the first time period or the second time period is determined according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

Optionally, the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit a fifth light beam with a third wavelength, and to receive a sixth light beam, where the sixth light beam includes a reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by a second reflection device in the first device; the device further comprises: a processing unit, configured to determine the second duration according to a received power of the sixth light beam, where the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength;

the transceiver unit is further configured to send third information to the first device, where the third information is used to indicate the second duration.

Optionally, the second device includes an OLT, and the apparatus further includes: a transceiving unit, configured to periodically send resource configuration information, where the resource configuration information is used to indicate a resource for data transmission by the first device.

In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided that comprises means for performing the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided that comprises means for performing the method of the second aspect or any one of its possible implementations.

In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which comprises a processor, coupled with a memory, and operable to perform the method of the first aspect and its possible implementation. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, the processor being coupled to the communication interface. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, the processor being coupled to the communication interface.

In one implementation, the communication device is an OLT or an ONU. In this case, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.

In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a system of chips. In this case, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or related circuit, etc. on the chip or system of chips. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided that includes a processor. The processor is coupled to the memory and is operable to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method of the second aspect and its possible implementations. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, the processor being coupled to the communication interface. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transmit-receive circuit. Alternatively, the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.

In one implementation, the communication device is an OLT or an ONU. In this case, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transmit-receive circuit. Alternatively, the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.

In another implementation, the communication device is an OLT or an ONU. In this case, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or related circuit, etc. on the chip or system of chips. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus comprising: input circuit, output circuit and processing circuit. The processing circuitry is configured to receive signals via the input circuitry and to transmit signals via the output circuitry such that the method of any possible implementation of the first or second aspect and aspects thereof is implemented.

In a specific implementation process, the communication device may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, and the like. The input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example and without limitation, a receiver, the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example and without limitation, output to and transmitted by a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit may be different circuits or the same circuit, in which case the circuits function as the input circuit and the output circuit, respectively, at different times. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner of the processor and various circuits.

In a tenth aspect, a processing apparatus is provided that includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory and may receive signals via the receiver and transmit signals via the transmitter to perform the method of any of the possible implementations of the first or second aspect and aspects thereof.

Optionally, the number of the processors is one or more, and the number of the memories is one or more.

Alternatively, the memory may be integral to the processor or provided separately from the processor.

In a specific implementation process, the memory may be a non-transient memory, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM), which may be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or may be separately disposed on different chips.

It will be appreciated that the associated data interaction process, for example, sending the indication information, may be a process of outputting the indication information from the processor, and receiving the capability information may be a process of receiving the input capability information from the processor. In particular, the data output by the processor may be output to a transmitter and the input data received by the processor may be from a receiver. The transmitter and receiver may be collectively referred to as a transceiver, among others.

The processor in the tenth aspect may be a chip, and may be implemented by hardware or software, and when implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like; when implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory, which may be integrated with the processor, located external to the processor, or stand-alone.

In an eleventh aspect, a processing apparatus is provided, which includes a communication interface configured to obtain data to be processed, and a processing circuit configured to process the data to be processed according to the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a processing apparatus comprising: a communication interface for transmitting indication information according to the method of the second aspect or any of its possible implementations, and processing circuitry for generating the indication information.

In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising: a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions), which when executed, causes a computer to perform the method of any of the possible implementations of the first or second aspect and aspects thereof.

In a fourteenth aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, which stores a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any of the possible implementations of the first or second aspect and aspects thereof described above.

In a fifteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the OLT and the ONU described above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a communication system according to the present application.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an OTDR.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of optical power versus time based on OTDR measurements.

Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of the communication system of the present application.

Fig. 5 is an interaction diagram illustrating an example of a ranging procedure under the architecture shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the transmission delay between the OLT and the ONU.

Fig. 7 is a schematic architecture diagram of another example of the communication system of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an interaction diagram illustrating an example of a ranging procedure in the configuration shown in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of still another example of the communication system of the present application.

Fig. 10 is an interaction diagram of an example of a ranging procedure under the architecture shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for optical communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for optical communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to various communication systems that can transmit data using light, for example: for example: global System for Mobile communications (GSM) systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication System, 5th Generation (5G) System or New Radio (NR), Device-to-Device (D2D) communication System, machine communication System, car networking communication System, satellite communication System, future communication System, or the like. For example, the optical communication network may be an access network in the communication system.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an optical communication network to which the distance measuring method of the present application is applied. Wherein, the optical communication network may include but is not limited to a PON, as shown in fig. 1, the PON includes: OLT and ONU.

The PON uses a single fiber to connect to the OLT, which then connects to the ONUs. The ONU provides services such as data, interactive network television, voice and the like for users.

The OLT device and the ONU may be an optical-electrical integrated device.

The OLT (or OLT device) is a local side device, and may perform functions including, but not limited to:

1. the front-end (convergence layer) switch is connected with a network cable, converted into an optical signal and used for sending Ethernet data to an ONU (optical network unit) in a broadcasting mode;

2. initiating and controlling a ranging process, and recording ranging information;

3. and allocating bandwidth for the ONU, namely controlling the starting time and the sending window size of the ONU for sending data.

The ONU (or ONU device) is divided into an active optical network unit and a passive optical network unit. A device equipped with a network monitoring comprising an optical receiver, an upstream optical transmitter, a plurality of bridged amplifiers is generally called an optical node.

The ONU has two roles: selectively receiving the broadcast sent by the OLT, and receiving a response to the OLT if the data needs to be received; and collecting and buffering Ethernet data required to be sent by a user, and sending the buffered data to the OLT end according to the distributed sending window.

Optionally, the ONU may comprise an ONT. Or, an ONU may be connected to one or more ONTs, so as to provide service to users through the ONTs.

The ONU can effectively improve the utilization rate of the uplink bandwidth of the whole system, can also configure the channel bandwidth according to the network application environment and the characteristics of the applicable service, bears the terminal users as many as possible under the condition of not influencing the communication efficiency and the communication quality, improves the network utilization rate and reduces the user cost.

Optionally, one or more optical splitters (Splitter) may be further disposed in the optical paths of the OLT and the ONU, or optical communication may be performed between the OLT and the ONU via the one or more optical splitters.

As with the cable transmission system, the optical network system also needs to couple, branch, and distribute optical signals, which requires an optical splitter to implement. An optical splitter, also called an optical splitter, is one of the most important passive devices in an optical fiber link, and is an optical fiber junction device having a plurality of input ends and a plurality of output ends, and a splitter is usually represented by M × N to have M input ends and N output ends.

The methods of optical communication provided herein may be based on optical power (or, alternatively, optical intensity). Specifically, a light generator is provided in a transmitting-side device (i.e., one of the OLT and the ONU), and a measuring beam is emitted from the light generator, and an optical reflector is provided in a receiving-side device (i.e., the other of the OLT and the ONU), so that the measuring beam can be reflected, and further, the transmitting-side device determines a distance between the transmitting-side device and the receiving-side device based on optical power (or optical intensity) of a reflected beam after receiving the reflected beam (note, reflected beam).

By way of example and not limitation, Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) technology may be cited as a method for Optical communication based on Optical power. By OTDR, the characteristics of a single fiber or a complete optical link can be evaluated; through the OTDR test curve, the loss factor and the event distribution of the measured optical line link can be visually seen.

The OTDR technique is explained below.

OTDR is mainly used to test the attenuation of the entire optical link and to provide attenuation details related to the length, with the advantage of detecting, locating and measuring events anywhere on the optical link (events: defects due to fusion, connectors, bends, etc. in the optical link, whose changes in the optical transmission characteristics can be measured): non-destructive, one-end access, direct viewing and quick.

OTDRs use the unique physical phenomenon of optical fibers to indicate their loss and events:

reflection of the fiber. The reflection of the optical fiber means the light reflected back from a certain point in the optical path. The magnitude of which is expressed as the ratio of the light reflected from the spot to the power of the light incident on the spot.

There are two types of reflection in an optical fiber:

one is generated by intrinsic material scattering of the optical fiber, namely Rayleigh backscattering, and the backscattering in the Rayleigh scattering forms Rayleigh reflection;

one is caused by the abrupt change in refractive index encountered during the transmission of the light wave, most commonly the fresnel reflection at the fiber end face.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of the OTDR of the present application. In the OTDR set at the transmitting end (or, measurement end) shown in fig. 2, first, via a time base and control unit, a pulse generator, and a laser, test light is generated, which is sent to an optical transmission line of a measurement object via an optical coupler (or, a directional coupler) for separating the emitted light from the received light.

A reflector, disposed at the receiving end (or, the end under test), may reflect the test light back to the measuring end.

Further, due to rayleigh scattering and fresnel reflection, the light returns from each part of the optical fiber (including unevenness of the optical fiber, optical connector, optical fiber splice, failure or break point of the optical fiber).

The reflected light including the above components enters the optical detector at the measuring end after being coupled, and the received optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric detector.

After amplification by the amplifier, the signal is sent to a data analysis system for processing (including sampling, analog-to-digital conversion and averaging).

Thus, a continuous signal is displayed on the time base of an output device (e.g., a display or oscilloscope, etc.), i.e., close first and far later, with an intensity proportional to the transmitted optical power at each point.

Obviously, the backward scattered light is separately received by the optical coupler, the horizontal axis corresponds to the time sequence of arrival of the backward scattered light in the form of distance, the vertical axis represents the intensity of the scattered light in dB and is displayed on a screen, and thus, the round-trip time of the optical pulse can be converted into the scale of the length of the optical fiber on the horizontal axis and directly used for observing the state change of the optical power transmitted along the whole optical fiber line.

By detecting the intensity of this returned light and the time it takes to return to the detector, we can know the loss value (insertion and reflection), type and location of an event in the fiber link. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the power versus time of the components in the reflected light of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, according to the method of the present application, since the intensity (or optical power) of the light reflected by the reflection device provided at the measured end is relatively larger than the intensity of the reflected light due to other reasons, the time corresponding to the reflected light from the measured end can be determined from the peak position (or maximum position) of the reflected light power, and further the distance L between the measuring end and the measured end can be determined from the time.

For example, L can be determined according to the following equation 1.

L ═ c · t)/(2n ·) formula 1

Where C is the speed of light in vacuum, n is the refractive index of the fiber, and C/n is the speed of light in the fiber; t is the time from the sending of the test light from the measuring end to the arrival of the reflected light from the measured end at the sending measuring end.

It should be understood that the above-listed manner of performing optical communication based on the power of the reflected light is merely an exemplary illustration, and the present application is not limited thereto, and for example, the distance side may also be performed according to the attenuation condition of the power of the reflected light (for example, the difference or ratio between the emission power of the test light and the reception power of the reflected light).

In the measurement scheme of the present application, the aforementioned ODTR may be provided in the OLT and the reflection device provided in the ONU to perform distance measurement (i.e., mode 1), or the aforementioned ODTR may be provided in the ONUT and the reflection device provided in the OLT to perform distance measurement (i.e., mode 2), or both the ONU and the OLT may be provided so that distance measurement of the uplink (link from the ONU to the OLT) is performed by the ODTR provided in the ONU and distance measurement of the downlink (link from the OLT to the ONU) is performed by the ODTR provided in the OLT (i.e., mode 3).

Next, the measurement process in each of the above-described embodiments will be described in detail.

Mode 1

Fig. 4 shows a system architecture of mode 1, and as shown in fig. 4, a measurement device (for example, ODTR device) is provided in the OLT, and a reflection device is provided in the ONU. As shown in fig. 4, there may be a plurality of ONUs in the optical network, and hereinafter, for convenience of understanding, a distance measurement process between the OLT and the ONU # a will be described as an example.

In addition, in the system architecture shown in fig. 4, the OLT and each ONU are connected through two stages of optical splitters, but this case is merely an exemplary illustration, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the OLT and each ONU may be connected through any number of optical splitters, and may be arbitrarily disposed according to actual needs, or the OLT and each ONU may be directly connected without an optical splitter, and descriptions of the same or similar cases are omitted below to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 5 shows a distance measurement process between the OLT and ONU # a.

As shown in fig. 5, the ONU # a needs to perform a ranging process with the OLT when the ONU is on line (or after joining the optical network), and in this application, the reflection device in the ONU may be in an openable and closable arrangement, that is, the ONU can reflect the test light from the OLT when the reflection device in the ONU is turned on, and the ONU does not reflect the test light from the OLT when the reflection device in the ONU is turned off.

In this application, at S110, after ONU # a is on-line, the reflection device may be turned on.

By way of example and not limitation, in the present application, a reflection device in an ONU may default to off, and when ranging is required, the ONU may turn on the reflection device itself or based on an instruction of the OLT. By making the reflection device in the ONU default to be closed, the influence on the measurement of the ONU to be measured due to the opening of the reflection device of the ONU which has finished measuring the distance can be avoided, and the complexity of measuring the distance is reduced.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned method is merely an exemplary illustration, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the reflection device in the ONU may be regarded as being turned on by default.

At S120, the OLT (or a measurement device in the OLT, e.g., an ODTR device) may send test light # a (i.e., an instance of the first beam).

Accordingly, at S130, the ONU # a can emit the test light # a (hereinafter, referred to as reflected light # a for ease of understanding and distinction) by the reflection device (i.e., an example of the second reflection device).

In the present application, there may be a case where only ONU # a is online (i.e., case 1), or there may be a case where a plurality of ONUs including ONU # a are online (i.e., case 2). The processing procedure in each of the above two cases will be described in detail below.

Case 1

In this case, the OLT can determine a time length (referred to as time length # a) corresponding to the power of the reflected light # a directly from the received reflected light power distribution (specifically, the distribution of the power in the time domain, which is hereinafter referred to as distribution # a for easy understanding and distinction), and can determine the distance between the OLT and the ONU # a based on the time length # a.

Case 2

In this case, at S140, the OLT may broadcast information # a (i.e., an example of the first information) that may be used to instruct the ONU # a to turn off the reflection device.

By way of example, the broadcast information # a may be a Physical Layer Operations management and Maintenance (Physical Layer Operations and Maintenance, ploam) message.

By way of example and not limitation, the broadcast information # a may include an identification of ONU # a, e.g., a SN and/or password of ONU # a.

Accordingly, in S150, each ONU including ONU # a can determine that the information # a is transmitted to ONU # a based on the SN and/or password carried in the information # a.

The ONU # a can turn off the reflection device based on the information # a.

At S160, the OLT (or a measuring device in the OLT, e.g., an ODTR device) may transmit test light # B (i.e., an instance of the third beam).

Since ONU # a has turned off the reflection device, the test light # B is not reflected, and the other ONUs reflect the test light.

In S170, the OLT may determine a time-domain position of a time duration (referred to as time duration # a) corresponding to the power of the reflected light # a in the distribution # a by comparing the received reflected light power distribution (specifically, the distribution of the power in the time domain, which is hereinafter referred to as distribution # B for easy understanding and distinction) with the distribution # a, and then determine a distance between the OLT and the ONU # a according to the time duration # a.

The processing method of case 2 is described above as an example, and the present application is not particularly limited, and for example, the power distribution # B of the reflected light may be obtained by turning off the reflection device of ONU # a, and the power distribution # a of the reflected light may be obtained by instructing ONU # a to turn on the reflection device.

In the present application, while performing the above measurement process, the OLT may perform data transmission, for example, downstream data transmission (i.e., the OLT transmits data to ONU # B) with one or more ONUs (denoted as ONU # B) which are unexpected from ONU # a.

The wavelength of the light beam used for the data transmission is different from the wavelength of the test light # a, so that the test process does not affect the data transmission process.

In this application, after the OLT determines the distance between the OLT and the ONU # a, the OLT may further determine an Equalization Delay parameter (EqD) of the ONU # a based on the distance in S180.

Specifically, since the distances between different ONUs and the OLT are not equal, the loop delay value (Rtd) of each ONU is different, and the OLT calculates an EqD for each ONU in order to ensure that the phases of the upstream data are the same.

Thus, The sum of Rtd and EqD of all ONUs can be a fixed value, which is also called compensated Round-Trip Delay (Teqd).

In the present application, Eqd may be defined and used in a manner similar to that of the prior art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted here in order to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 6 shows a configuration of a transmission delay between the OLT and the ONU. According to the time configuration shown in fig. 6, Eqd (note: Eqd # a) of ONU # a can be determined based on the following formula 2

Eqd # A-Teqd-T1-T2-T3-T4-T5-T6-T7 equation 2

Where the Teqd may be a time period corresponding to an equivalent frame number preset by the system, T1 (i.e., an example of the first time period) represents an optical fiber transmission time period from the OLT to the ONU # a, T2 (i.e., an example of the second time period) represents an optical fiber transmission time period from the ONU # a to the OLT, T3 (i.e., an example of the third time period) represents a transmission circuit process and an electro-optical conversion time of the OLT, T4 (i.e., an example of the fourth time period) represents a reception circuit process and an electro-optical conversion time of the ONU # a, T5 (i.e., an example of the fifth time period) represents a time at which the ONU # a processes a message, T6 (i.e., an example of the sixth time period) represents a transmission circuit process and an electro-optical conversion time of the ONU # a, and T7 (i.e., an example of the seventh time period) represents a reception circuit process and an electro-optical conversion time of the OLT.

Wherein T1 may be determined based on the distance between the OLT and ONU # a detected as described above, for example, the value of T1 may be determined based on the following formula 3

T1＝L_A/V_AEquation 3

Wherein L is_ADenotes the distance, V, between OLT and ONU # A detected as described above_ARepresents the transmission wave velocity of the optical beam (denoted as beam # a) for data transmission between OLT and ONU # a in the optical fiber between OLT and ONU # a, wherein V_AThe value of (d) is related to the refractive index of the fiber between OLT and ONU # a for the wavelength of beam # a.

Similarly, T2 may be determined based on the distance between OLT and ONU # a detected as described above.

T3 and T7 may be obtained by the OLT through measurement in advance such as testing or statistics.

Alternatively, T3, T7 may be determined by a user or administrator through experimentation or the like and input to the OLT.

Alternatively, T3, T7 may be pre-configured in the OLT by the manufacturer.

T4, T5, T6 may be reported to the OLT by ONU # a.

Among them, T4, T5, and T6 may be obtained by ONU # a by measurement in advance such as testing or statistics.

Alternatively, T4, T5, and T6 may be determined by a user or an administrator through experiments or the like and input to ONU # a.

Alternatively, T4, T5, and T6 may be configured in ONU # a in advance by the manufacturer.

Thereafter, at S190, the OLT may transmit Eqd # a determined as described above to ONU # a.

Accordingly, at S195, ONU # a can transmit upstream data to the OLT based on Eqd # a.

Mode 2

Fig. 7 shows a system architecture of mode 2, and as shown in fig. 7, a measurement device (e.g., ODTR device) is provided in the ONU, and a reflection device is provided in the OLT. As shown in fig. 7, there may be a plurality of ONUs in the optical network, and hereinafter, for convenience of understanding, a distance measurement process between the OLT and ONU #1 will be described as an example.

In addition, in the system architecture shown in fig. 7, the OLT and each ONU are connected through two stages of optical splitters, but this case is merely an exemplary illustration, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the OLT and each ONU may be connected through any number of optical splitters and may be arbitrarily set according to actual needs, or the OLT and each ONU may be directly connected without an optical splitter, and descriptions of the same or similar cases are omitted below to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 8 shows a distance measurement process between the OLT and ONU # 1.

As shown in fig. 8, at S220, the ONU #1 (or a measuring device in the ONU #1, for example, an ODTR device) may transmit the test light #1 (i.e., an example of the first light beam).

It should be noted that, because there may be multiple ONUs in the system, in order to avoid that the multiple ONUs initiate the distance measurement process at the same time and affect the accuracy and reliability of the measurement, in this application, in S210, the OLT may allocate a time window to each ONU to be measured, and only one ONU sends test light for ranging in one time window.

By way of example and not limitation, the OLT may indicate the indication information of the time window of each ONU together when assigning SNs or passports to the ONUs.

Accordingly, in S230, the OLT can emit the test light #1 (hereinafter, referred to as reflected light #1 for ease of understanding and distinction) through a reflection arrangement (i.e., an example of the second reflection means).

In S240, the ONU #1 may determine, according to the received reflected light power distribution, a time-domain position of a time length (denoted as time length #1) corresponding to the power of the reflected light #1 in the distribution #1, and further determine, according to the time length #1, a distance between the OLT and the ONU # 1.

In the present application, while the above measurement process is performed, the OLT may perform data transmission, for example, upstream data transmission (that is, ONU #2 transmits data to the OLT) with one or more ONUs (denoted as ONU #2) which are unexpected from ONU # 1.

The wavelength of the light beam used for data transmission is different from the wavelength of the test light #1, so that the test process does not affect the data transmission process.

In this application, after ONU #1 determines the distance between the OLT and ONU #1, in S250, ONU #1 may further determine the EqD for ONU #1 based on the distance.

The process may be similar to the process of determining the EqD of the ONU # a by the OLT in the mode 1, and here, detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

In the prior art, Eqd is determined by the OLT, and after determining Eqd, the OLT may send Eqd to the ONU along with the resource scheduling information, so that the ONU may determine a time period for upstream transmission (e.g., a time period corresponding to one or more time slots) based on Eqd and the resource scheduling information, and perform upstream transmission during the time period.

In contrast, since the ONU autonomously identifies Eqd in the method 2, the OLT does not need to issue Eqd.

In contrast, in the method 2, in S260, the OLT may periodically transmit, to the ONU #1, the resource scheduling information #1, where the resource scheduling information #1 is used to indicate an uplink transmission resource (e.g., a time domain resource) allocated by the OLT to the ONU #1, the resource scheduling information #1 may be broadcast information, and the resource scheduling information #1 may carry identification information of the ONU #1, so that the ONU in the communication system may determine, based on the identification information of the ONU #1, that the resource indicated by the resource scheduling information #1 is allocated to the ONU # 1.

Accordingly, in S270, the ONU #1 can transmit the upstream data to the OLT in the resource indicated by the resource scheduling information #1 based on the Eqd # 1.

Mode 3

Fig. 9 shows a system architecture of mode 3, and as shown in fig. 9, a measuring device (e.g., ODTR device) and a reflecting device are provided in the ONU, and a measuring device (e.g., ODTR device) and a reflecting device are provided in the OLT. As shown in fig. 9, there may be a plurality of ONUs in the optical network, and hereinafter, for convenience of understanding, a distance measurement process between the OLT and ONU # X will be described as an example.

In addition, in the system architecture shown in fig. 9, the OLT and each ONU are connected through two stages of optical splitters, but this case is merely an exemplary description, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the OLT and each ONU may be connected through any number of optical splitters and may be arbitrarily disposed according to actual needs, or the OLT and each ONU may be directly connected without an optical splitter, and descriptions of the same or similar cases are omitted below to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 10 shows a distance measurement process between the OLT and ONU # X.

As shown in fig. 10, at S310, the OLT may initiate a measurement process to determine a distance between the OLT and the ONU # X (hereinafter, the distance # X is referred to for ease of understanding), where the process may be similar to the process described in manner 1, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S320, the ONU # X may initiate a measurement process to determine a distance between the OLT and the ONU # X (hereinafter, the distance # Y is referred to for ease of understanding), where the process may be similar to the process described in the manner 2, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S330, the OLT may determine T1 based on the distance # X. And, the ONU # X may determine T2 based on the distance # Y.

For example, the OLT may transmit information of T1, T3, and T7 to ONU # X, and thus ONU # X may determine Eqd of ONU # X from T1, T3, and T7 acquired from the OLT and T2, T4, T5, T6 stored in ONU # X.

Alternatively, ONU # X may transmit information of T2, T4, T5, and T6 to the OLT, so that the OLT may determine Eqd of ONU # X from stored T1, T3, and T7 and T2, T4, T5, and T6 acquired from ONU # X, and transmit the Eqd to ONU # X.

Thus, at S340, ONU # X can perform upstream data transmission according to Eqd determined as described above.

Thereby. The ONU # X can transmit upstream data to the OLT at the resource indicated by the resource scheduling information # X based on the Eqd # X.

Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 400 for optical communication provided in an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 400 comprises a transceiver unit 410 and a processing unit 420. The transceiving unit 410 may communicate with the outside, and the processing unit 420 is used to perform data processing. The transceiving unit 410 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

Optionally, the apparatus 400 may further include a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions or/and data, and the processing unit 420 may read the instructions or/and data in the storage unit.

The apparatus 400 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the first device (e.g., the ONU configured with ODTR or the OLT) in the above method embodiments, in this case, the apparatus 600 may be a communication device or a component configurable in the communication device, the transceiver unit 410 is configured to perform the operations related to transceiving of the first device in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 420 is configured to perform the operations related to processing on the first device side in the above method embodiments.

Alternatively, the apparatus 400 may be configured to perform the actions performed by the second device (e.g., the ONU or the OLT configured with the reflection apparatus) in the above method embodiments, in this case, the apparatus 400 may be a communication device or a component configurable in the communication device, the transceiver 410 is configured to perform the operations related to transceiving on the second device side in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 420 is configured to perform the operations related to processing on the terminal device side in the above method embodiments.

As shown in fig. 12, the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 500 for optical communication. The communication device 500 comprises a processor 510, the processor 510 is coupled to a memory 520, the memory 520 is configured to store computer programs or instructions or/and data, and the processor 510 is configured to execute the computer programs or instructions and/or data stored by the memory 520, so that the method in the above method embodiment is performed.

Optionally, the communication device 500 includes one or more processors 510.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 12, the communication device 500 may further include a memory 520.

Optionally, the communication device 500 may include one or more memories 520.

Alternatively, the memory 520 may be integrated with the processor 510 or separately provided.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 12, the wireless communication apparatus 500 may further include a transceiver 530, and the transceiver 530 is used for receiving and/or transmitting signals. For example, processor 510 may be configured to control transceiver 730 to receive and/or transmit signals.

As an approach, the communication apparatus 500 is used to implement the operations performed by the first device (e.g., the ONU or the OLT configured with ODTR) in the above method embodiments.

For example, processor 510 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, and transceiver 530 is configured to implement transceiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

Alternatively, the communication apparatus 500 is used to implement the operations performed by the second device (e.g., the ONU or the OLT configured with the reflection apparatus) in the above method embodiments.

For example, the processor 510 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and the transceiver 530 is configured to implement transceiving-related operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions for implementing the method performed by the first device or the method performed by the first device in the above-described method embodiments are stored.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions for implementing the method performed by the second device or the method performed by the second device in the above-described method embodiments are stored.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, where the computer program, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to implement the method performed by the first device in the foregoing method embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, where the computer program, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to implement the method performed by the second device in the above method embodiments.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system includes the first device and the second device in the above embodiments.

As an example, the communication system includes: the OLT and the ONUs in the above embodiments.

For the explanation and beneficial effects of the related contents in any wireless communication device, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and details are not repeated here.

The term "and/or" in this application is only one kind of association relationship describing the associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship; the term "at least one", as used herein, may mean "one" and "two or more", e.g., at least one of A, B and C, may mean: a exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist together, A and C exist together, C and B exist together, A and B exist together, and A, B and C exist together, which are seven cases.

In an embodiment of the present application, a communication device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running above the hardware layer, and an application layer running above the operating system layer. The hardware layer may include hardware such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Memory Management Unit (MMU), and a memory (also referred to as a main memory). The operating system of the operating system layer may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes (processes), such as a Linux operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or a windows operating system. The application layer may include applications such as a browser, an address book, word processing software, and instant messaging software.

The embodiment of the present application does not particularly limit a specific structure of an execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, as long as communication can be performed by the method provided by the embodiment of the present application by running a program in which codes of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application are recorded. For example, an execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal device or a satellite, or a functional module capable of calling a program and executing the program in the terminal device or the satellite.

Various aspects or features of embodiments of the application may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, or magnetic tape), optical disks (e.g., Compact Disk (CD), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick, or key drive, etc.).

Various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, but is not limited to: wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

It will also be appreciated that the memory referred to in the embodiments of the application may be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as external cache memory. By way of example and not limitation, RAM may include the following forms: static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct bus RAM (DR RAM).

It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, the memory (memory module) may be integrated into the processor.

It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially implemented or make a contribution to the prior art, or may be implemented in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of optical communication, applied to an optical communication network comprising an optical line terminal, OLT, and a plurality of optical network units, ONUs, the method comprising:

a first device transmits a first light beam of a first wavelength, the first device comprising one of the OLT or a first ONU;

the first device receiving a second optical beam comprising reflected light of the first optical beam generated by first reflecting means in a second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU;

and the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, wherein the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the second wavelength comprises a wavelength used by the second ONU for data transmission.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first beam of light carries no data.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first device comprises an OLT, and wherein the method further comprises:

and the first device uses the seventh light beam with the second wavelength to carry out data transmission with the second ONU.

4. The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first device comprises an OLT,

the first device transmits a first light beam at a first wavelength, comprising: the first device sends the first light beam to a plurality of ONUs including a second device; and

the method further comprises the following steps:

the first device transmits a third light beam at a first wavelength;

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first information comprises identification information of the second device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

the first device determines a first time length according to the distance between the first device and the second device, wherein the first time length comprises the optical fiber transmission time length from the first device to the second device;

and the first device determines Eqd an equalization delay parameter of the first ONU according to the first duration.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining Eqd of the first ONU according to the first duration comprises:

the first device determines Eqd of the first ONU according to an equivalent frame number, the first time, a second time, a third time, a fourth time, a fifth time, a sixth time and a seventh time, wherein the second time comprises the optical fiber transmission time from the second device to the first device, the third time comprises the sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth time comprises the receiving circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth time comprises the message processing time of the first ONU, the sixth time comprises the first sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time, and the seventh time comprises the receiving circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first device.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

the first device determines the second duration according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

the first device reflects a fifth light beam with a third wavelength sent by the second device through a second reflecting device;

the first device receives third information sent by the second device, where the third information is used to indicate the second time duration, the second time duration is determined by the second device according to the received power of a sixth light beam, the sixth light beam includes reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the first device through the second reflecting device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength.

10. The method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first device comprises an ONU, and the method further comprises: the first device receives resource configuration information periodically sent by an OLT, wherein the resource configuration information is used for indicating resources of the first device for data transmission.

11. A method of optical communication, applied to an optical communication network comprising an optical line terminal, OLT, and a plurality of optical network units, ONUs, the method comprising:

the second device reflects a first light beam with a first wavelength sent by the first device through a first reflection device, so that the first device determines the distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, the second light beam comprises the reflected light of the first light beam generated by the second device through the first reflection device, wherein the first device comprises one of the OLT or the first ONU, the second device comprises the other of the OLT or the first ONU, the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength comprises a wavelength used by the second ONU for data transmission.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first beam of light carries no data.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein the second device comprises an OLT, and wherein the method further comprises:

and the second device uses the seventh light beam with the second wavelength to carry out data transmission with the second ONU.

14. The method according to any of claims 11 to 13, wherein the second device comprises an ONU, and

the method further comprises the following steps:

the second device receives first information, and the first information is used for instructing the second device to close the first reflecting device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first information comprises identification information of the second device.

16. The method according to any of claims 11 to 15, wherein the second device comprises an ONU, and

the method further comprises the following steps:

the second device receives fourth information sent by the first device, where the fourth information is used to indicate an equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU, where the Eqd is determined according to an equivalent frame number, a first duration, a second duration, a third duration, a fourth duration, a fifth duration, a sixth duration, and a seventh duration, where the first duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the first device to the second device, the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third duration includes a sending circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration includes a receiving circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration includes a message processing time of the first ONU, and the sixth duration includes the sending circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the seventh time period comprises a receiving circuit processing and photoelectric conversion time of the first device, and the first time period or the second time period is determined according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

the second device transmits a fifth light beam at a third wavelength;

the second device receives a sixth light beam comprising reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the second reflecting means in the first device;

the first device determines the second duration according to the received power of the sixth light beam, where the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength;

and third information sent by the second device to the first device, wherein the third information is used for indicating the second duration.

18. The method according to any of claims 11 to 17, wherein the second device comprises an OLT, and wherein

The method further comprises the following steps:

and resource configuration information periodically sent by the second device, where the resource configuration information is used to indicate a resource for data transmission by the first device.

19. An apparatus for optical communication, configured in a first device in an optical communication network, the optical communication network comprising an optical line terminal, OLT, and a plurality of optical network units, ONUs, the first device comprising one of the OLT or a first ONU, the apparatus comprising:

a transceiver unit for transmitting a first light beam of a first wavelength and for receiving a second light beam comprising reflected light of the first light beam generated by a first reflecting device in a second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU;

and the processing unit is configured to determine a distance between the first device and the second device according to the received power of the second light beam, where the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength includes a wavelength used by a second ONU for data transmission.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first light beam carries no data.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the first device comprises an OLT, and wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit data with the second ONU using a seventh optical beam of the second wavelength.

22. The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 21, wherein the first device comprises an OLT,

the transceiver unit is specifically configured to send the first light beam to a plurality of ONUs including a second device, and further configured to send first information, where the first information is used to instruct the second device to turn off the first reflection apparatus, send a third light beam with a first wavelength, and receive a fourth light beam, where the fourth light beam includes a reflected light of the third light beam; and

the processing unit is specifically configured to determine, according to the received power of the second light beam and the received power of the fourth light beam, the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device, and determine, according to the received power of the reflected light generated by the first reflecting device of the second device, a distance between the first device and the second device.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the first information comprises identification information of the second device.

24. The apparatus according to any of claims 19-23, wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine a first time duration based on a distance between the first device and the second device, the first time duration comprising a fiber transmission duration from the first device to the second device, and determine the equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU based on the first time duration.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to determine Eqd for the first ONU based on an equivalent frame number, the first duration, a second duration, a third duration, a fourth duration, a fifth duration, a sixth duration, and a seventh duration, wherein the second duration comprises a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third duration comprises a transmit circuit processing and an electrical-to-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration comprises a receive circuit processing and an optical-to-electrical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration comprises a time for the first ONU to process a packet, the sixth duration comprises the first ONU transmit circuit processing and the electrical-to-optical conversion time, and the seventh duration comprises a receive circuit processing and an optical-to-electrical conversion time of the first device.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine the second duration according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising: second reflecting means for reflecting a fifth light beam of a third wavelength transmitted by the second device;

the transceiver unit is further configured to receive third information sent by the second device, where the third information is used to indicate the second duration, the second duration is determined by the second device according to a received power of a sixth light beam, the sixth light beam includes a reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the first device through the second reflection device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength.

28. The apparatus according to any of claims 19 to 27, wherein the first device comprises an ONU, and the transceiver unit is further configured to receive resource configuration information periodically sent by an OLT, wherein the resource configuration information is used to indicate resources for data transmission by the first device.

29. An apparatus for optical communication, configured in a second device in an optical communication network, the optical communication network comprising an optical line termination, OLT, and a plurality of optical network units, ONUs, the first device comprising one of the OLT or a first ONU, the second device comprising the other of the OLT or the first ONU,

the device comprises:

the reflection unit is configured to reflect a first light beam with a first wavelength sent by a first device, so that the first device determines a distance between the first device and a second device according to a received power of a second light beam, where the second light beam includes a reflected light of the first light beam generated by the second device through a first reflection device, the first wavelength is different from a second wavelength, and the second wavelength includes a wavelength used when a second ONU performs data transmission.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the first beam of light carries no data.

31. The apparatus of claim 29 or 30, wherein the second device comprises an OLT, and wherein the apparatus further comprises:

and the transceiver unit is used for carrying out data transmission with the second ONU by using the seventh light beam with the second wavelength.

32. The apparatus according to any of claims 29-31, wherein the second device comprises an ONU, and

the device further comprises:

and the transceiver unit is used for receiving first information, and the first information is used for indicating the second equipment to close the first reflecting device.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the first information comprises identification information of the second device.

34. The apparatus according to any of claims 29-33, wherein the second device comprises an ONU, and

the device further comprises:

a transceiver unit, configured to receive fourth information sent by the first device, where the fourth information is used to indicate an equalization delay parameter Eqd of the first ONU, where the Eqd is determined according to an equivalent frame number, a first duration, a second duration, a third duration, a fourth duration, a fifth duration, a sixth duration, and a seventh duration, where the first duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the first device to the second device, the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third duration includes a transmission circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first device, the fourth duration includes a reception circuit processing and an electro-optical conversion time of the first ONU, the fifth duration includes a message processing time of the first ONU, and the sixth duration includes the first ONU transmission circuit processing and the electro-optical conversion time, the seventh time period comprises a receiving circuit processing and photoelectric conversion time of the first device, and the first time period or the second time period is determined according to a distance between the first device and the second device.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit a fifth light beam at a third wavelength and to receive a sixth light beam comprising a reflected light of the fifth light beam generated by the second reflecting means in the first device;

the device further comprises:

a processing unit, configured to determine the second duration according to a received power of the sixth light beam, where the second duration includes a fiber transmission duration from the second device to the first device, the third wavelength is different from the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is different from the first wavelength;

36. The apparatus of any of claims 29 to 35, wherein the second device comprises an OLT, and wherein

The device further comprises:

a transceiving unit, configured to periodically send resource configuration information, where the resource configuration information is used to indicate a resource for data transmission by the first device.

37. A communications apparatus comprising a processor coupled to a memory, the memory for storing a computer program or instructions, the processor for executing the computer program or instructions in the memory such that

The method of any one of claims 1 to 10 being performed, or

The method of any of claims 11 to 18 performed.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the memory is integrated in the processor.

39. The device of claim 37 or 38, wherein the communication device is a chip.

40. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program or instructions for implementing

The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, or

The method of any one of claims 11 to 18.

41. A chip system, comprising: a communication interface for acquiring data to be processed and processing circuitry for processing the data to be processed according to the method of any of claims 1 to 10.

42. A chip system, comprising: a communication interface for transmitting indication information according to the method of any of claims 11 to 18, and processing circuitry for generating the indication information.