CN113328549A

CN113328549A - Iron core with magnetic conductive wire, magnetic circuit component, axial magnetic field motor and reluctance motor

Info

Publication number: CN113328549A
Application number: CN202110637740.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王善铭
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2021-06-08
Filing date: 2021-06-08
Publication date: 2021-08-31

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to an iron core with a magnetic conductive wire, a magnetic circuit component, an axial magnetic field motor and a reluctance motor, which comprise: the magnetic conducting wires are fixed in a certain mode, are arranged in parallel and are fixed in a mode of filling fixing materials between the parallel magnetic conducting wires or are directly fixed in a mode of integrally bundling and forming. The magnetic conductivity of the iron core can be improved, the volume and weight of the iron core are reduced, the processing technology of the iron core is simplified, and the motor is convenient to manufacture.

Description

Iron core with magnetic conductive wire, magnetic circuit component, axial magnetic field motor and reluctance motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to an iron core with a magnetic conducting wire, a magnetic circuit component, an axial magnetic field motor and a reluctance motor, belonging to the technical field of motors, in particular to the technical field of axial magnetic field motors and reluctance motors.

Background

The field in an axial field machine has an axial character and the machine is generally disc-shaped and is therefore also referred to as a disc machine. The axial magnetic field has the advantages of light weight, small volume, compact structure, small axial size and the like due to the disc structure, and is widely concerned. The axial motor can also be made into a multi-disc structure, and the expandability is good. Because of the advantages, the axial magnetic field motor has wide application prospect in the fields of ship propulsion, electric automobiles, diesel generating sets, robots, wind power generation, numerical control machines, robots, elevators, electric tools, household appliances and the like.

However, the axial magnetic field motor has an axial characteristic in the magnetic field, and the core shape of the motor is different at different diameter positions in the radial direction, so that the core loss of the motor is large. In order to reduce the core loss, the core is generally manufactured in two ways. Firstly, winding, namely rolling a strip-shaped iron core into a cylinder shape, then slotting the side surface of the iron core, and arranging a winding. But the process is complex and needs special equipment for winding; and secondly, compression molding, namely, carrying out compression molding by adopting magnetically conductive powder such as soft magnetic composite material and the like, and carrying out one-step molding. However, the soft magnetic composite powder has a low magnetic permeability, and the volume of the core increases.

In order to overcome the defects of the two iron core manufacturing methods, an axial laminated reluctance motor is introduced, and the axial laminated reluctance motor is characterized in that the axial laminated reluctance of a direct-axis magnetic circuit and a quadrature-axis magnetic circuit can be greatly different, and the reluctance torque is increased. However, as axial laminated reluctance machines are intensively studied, manufactured and tested, the disadvantages of the axial laminated reluctance machines are also fully exposed. Due to the presence of a magnetic field perpendicular to the laminations in the machine, the magnetic field causes eddy current losses in the laminations, resulting in rotor heating and reduced efficiency. In addition, the size and shape of the silicon steel sheets at different positions of the axial laminated rotor are different, which leads to the problems of complex process, insufficient material utilization and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an iron core having a magnetic conductive wire, a magnetic pole, a magnetic yoke, a magnetic pole and magnetic yoke assembly, an axial field motor, and a reluctance motor rotor and a motor, which can improve the magnetic conductive capability of the iron core, reduce the volume weight of the iron core, simplify the processing process of the iron core, and facilitate the manufacture of the motor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a core having magnetically conductive wires, comprising: the magnetic conducting wires are arranged in parallel and fixed in a mode of filling fixing materials between the parallel magnetic conducting wires or directly fixed in a mode of integrally bundling and forming.

Further, the magnetically conducting wire is obtained by laying an insulating portion on the outer surface of the highly magnetically permeable portion, said insulating portion being intended to avoid the highly magnetically permeable portions from contacting each other causing an electric current.

Further, the high magnetic conductive part is drawn into a filament, the cross section of the filament is circular, square, rectangular, oval or polygonal, the high magnetic conductive part is made of magnetic conductive materials, and the magnetic conductive materials are made of iron, cobalt, nickel, amorphous materials or silicon steel materials.

Further, the fixing material is glue or epoxy resin or an adhesive material.

The present invention also discloses a magnetic circuit component comprising: a core having a magnetic conductive wire along which a magnetic flux flows, as described in any of the above; the magnet conducting wires are arranged in parallel with the axial direction, or in parallel with the radial direction, or in the circumferential direction.

The invention also discloses an axial magnetic field motor which comprises the iron core with the magnetic conducting wires, wherein the arrangement direction of the magnetic conducting wires is parallel to the axial direction of the motor.

The invention also discloses a reluctance motor rotor with magnetic conductive wires, which is characterized by comprising: the magnetic pole magnetic yoke component is composed of a magnetic yoke between two magnetic poles and half magnetic poles positioned at two ends of the magnetic yoke component, a plurality of magnetic conducting wires and fixing materials are arranged in parallel on the magnetic pole magnetic yoke component, the magnetic conducting wires form a low-reluctance channel between the two half magnetic poles, and the fixing materials are filled between the parallel magnetic conducting wires.

The invention also discloses a reluctance motor, comprising: a stator and a reluctance machine rotor with magnet wires as described above.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the magnet guide wire and the axial magnetic field motor adopting the magnet guide wire can improve the magnetic conductivity of the armature core, reduce the volume weight of the armature core, simplify the processing technology of the armature core and facilitate the manufacture of the motor. The magnetic conducting wire and the reluctance motor rotor adopting the magnetic conducting wire can reduce the eddy current loss of the axial laminated reluctance motor rotor, improve the efficiency, improve the magnetic conducting capacity of the iron core, reduce the volume and weight of the iron core, simplify the processing technology of the iron core and facilitate the motor manufacture.

2. The invention can be used for permanent magnet motors, asynchronous motors, synchronous motors, direct current motors and the like, can be used in magnetic circuits such as magnetic yokes, magnetic poles and the like, can be used for motors with magnetic poles on rotors, can also be used for motors with armatures on rotors, can be used for reluctance motors with reluctance effect on rotors, and can also be used for motors with reluctance effect on stators.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art axial field permanent magnet machine, and fig. 1(a) is a front view of the axial field permanent magnet machine; fig. 1(b) is a front view of a stator of a permanent magnet electric machine; fig. 1(c) is a left side view of a stator of a permanent magnet electric machine;

figure 1(d) is a front view of the rotor of a permanent magnet electric machine;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an axial field permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2(a) is a front view of the axial field permanent magnet motor; fig. 2(b) is a front view of a stator of the permanent magnet motor; fig. 2(c) is a left side view of the stator of the permanent magnet motor; figure 2(d) is a front view of the rotor of the permanent magnet machine;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structural unit of a stator of an axial field permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3(a) is a schematic view of a structure in which an armature winding is wound around an armature core; fig. 3(b) is a schematic view of the structure of an armature core;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetically conductive wire according to one embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an electrically excited synchronous motor or a dc motor field pole made of a magnet conductive wire according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5(a) is a front view of the field pole, and fig. 5(b) is a plan view of the field pole;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of an axial laminated reluctance motor in the prior art, and fig. 6(a) is a front view of the rotor of the axial laminated reluctance motor; FIG. 6(b) is a schematic structural view of an axial lamination member; FIG. 6(c) is a schematic view of the structure of one of the laminations;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of a reluctance motor in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7(a) is a front view of the rotor of the reluctance motor; fig. 7(b) is a schematic structural view of the pole yoke part; fig. 7(c) is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the pole yoke member in cross section.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail by way of specific embodiments in order to better understand the technical direction of the present invention for those skilled in the art. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description is provided for a better understanding of the invention only and that they should not be taken as limiting the invention. In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terminology used is for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be indicative or implied of relative importance.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor is a conventional axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor, and includes a rotor yoke 1, a rotor permanent magnet 2, an armature winding 3, and an armature core 4. Wherein, the rotor yoke 3 and the rotor permanent magnet 4 form a rotor 5, and the rotor 5 is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates together with the rotating shaft. The armature winding 3 and the armature core 4 constitute a stator 6, the armature winding 3 is wound around the armature core 4, and the armature winding 3 and the armature core 4 are fixed together. The armature core 4 is formed by compression molding of soft magnetic composite material powder, and the core manufactured by the method is easy to manufacture into a complex shape, and the core material has high resistivity and isotropic magnetic performance. However, the soft magnetic composite material has the defects of low magnetic conductivity, low saturation magnetic density, high hysteresis loss and poor mechanical property, and the iron core is manufactured by the soft magnetic composite material powder through more processes, so that the manufacturing difficulty is increased.

In view of the above problems, the present embodiment provides an armature core with magnetic conductive wires and a corresponding axial magnetic field motor, so as to improve the magnetic conductive capability of the armature core, reduce the volume weight of the armature core, simplify the processing technology of the armature core, and facilitate the manufacturing of the motor. The following describes the present embodiment in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the axial field motor of the present embodiment, similar to the axial field motor of the related art, also includes a rotor yoke 101, a rotor permanent magnet 102, an armature winding 103, and an armature core 104. Wherein rotor yoke 101 and rotor permanent magnet 102 constitute rotor 105, which is fixed to the rotating shaft and rotates together with the rotating shaft. Armature winding 103 and armature core 104 constitute stator 106, armature winding 103 is wound around armature core 104, and armature winding 103 and armature core 104 are fixed together.

The armature core 104 is an armature core having magnet conductive wires 107, and as shown in fig. 3, includes: the magnetic flux motor comprises a plurality of parallel magnetic conducting wires 107 and fixing materials 108, wherein the arrangement direction of the magnetic conducting wires 107 is parallel to the axial direction of the axial magnetic field motor, the fixing materials are filled between the parallel magnetic conducting wires, and the magnetic flux of the motor passes through the magnetic conducting wires 107 along the axial direction. As shown in fig. 4, the magnetic conductive wire is obtained by laying an insulating portion 110 on the outer surface of the high magnetic conductive portion 109, and the high magnetic conductive portion 109 may be formed by drawing a thin wire made of a high magnetic conductive material, and may be made of iron, cobalt, nickel, amorphous material, silicon steel, or the like. The high magnetic conductive portion 109 may have a circular, square, rectangular, oval or polygonal shape, and the shape is not limited. The high permeability part 109 inside the magnetically conductive wire 107 should be made of a material with high permeability, high saturation magnetic density and low loss, and the diameter of the magnetically conductive wire 107 should be minimized to reduce the loss. The insulating portion 110 should be as thin as possible to reduce the area occupied by the insulating material. The insulating part is used for avoiding the loss caused by the current caused by the mutual contact of the high magnetic conduction parts.

The fixing material 108 may be glue or epoxy resin material. The magnetic conducting wires 107 can be directly formed by integral bundling without adopting a fixing material; or other convenient fixing and forming methods. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the plurality of magnet-guiding wires are extruded by the die so as to be closer to each other, thereby improving space utilization. The axial magnetic field motor can improve the magnetic conductivity of the armature core, reduce the volume weight of the armature core, simplify the processing technology of the armature core and facilitate the manufacture of the motor.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment discloses an excitation magnetic pole 111 of an electrically excited synchronous motor or a direct current motor manufactured using a magnetic conductive wire, including: the excitation winding 112 is wound on the iron core formed by the magnetic conductive wires 113, the magnetic conductive wires 113 are fixedly formed by adopting a fixing material 114, and the magnetic conductive wires 113 can be fixedly formed by adopting glue bonding, or can be fixedly formed by adopting epoxy resin materials or other convenient fixing and forming modes. In addition, the magnetic conductive wires 113 can be directly formed by integral bundling without using a fixing material;

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 6, a conventional axial laminated reluctance motor includes a stator and a rotor. The stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, which are the same as the common alternating current motor. The rotor 10 of the axial laminated reluctance motor is composed of a rotating shaft 11 and an axial laminated part 12. The axial lamination part 12 is laminated by single-layer laminations 13 arranged in the axial direction of the motor. Magnetic flux flowing along the single-layer laminated sheet 13 encounters a small magnetic resistance, while magnetic flux flowing in a direction perpendicular to the single-layer laminated sheet 13 encounters a large magnetic resistance, so that the difference in magnetic resistance in the two directions is large, and a large reluctance torque is generated. Flux perpendicular to the laminations causes eddy current losses in the laminations and, for the reasons mentioned above, axial laminated reluctance machines are not widely used.

The embodiment discloses a reluctance motor, which is composed of a stator and a rotor 120, wherein the stator is the same as a common alternating current motor stator, and stator windings are arranged in an inner circle slot of the stator. The rotor 120 of the reluctance motor, as shown in fig. 7, includes: the magnetic pole comprises a rotating shaft 121 and a magnetic pole yoke part 122, wherein the magnetic pole yoke part 122 is fixed on the rotating shaft 121, the magnetic pole yoke part 122 consists of a magnetic yoke between two magnetic poles and half magnetic poles positioned at two ends of the magnetic yoke part, the magnetic pole yoke part comprises a plurality of magnetic conducting wires 123 and fixing materials 124 which are arranged in parallel, the magnetic conducting wires 123 form a low-reluctance channel for magnetic flux to pass through the magnetic yoke from one magnetic pole to the other magnetic pole, and the fixing materials 124 are filled between the parallel magnetic conducting wires. The magnetic conductive wire 123 may also be formed by bonding with glue, by fixing with epoxy resin, or by other convenient fixing and forming methods. In addition, the magnetic conductive wires 123 may be integrally bundled without using a fixing material. The magnetically conducting wire is obtained by laying an insulating portion on the outer surface of the highly magnetically permeable portion, the insulating portion being intended to avoid the highly magnetically permeable portions from contacting each other causing an electric current. The high magnetic conductive part is drawn into filaments by magnetic conductive materials, the cross section of the high magnetic conductive part is round, square, rectangular, oval or polygonal, and the magnetic conductive materials can be made of iron, cobalt, nickel, amorphous materials, silicon steel and the like.

In the rotor of the reluctance motor, along the direction of the magnetic conductive line, the magnetic resistance is small, that is, the magnetic resistance from one magnetic pole to the adjacent other magnetic pole is small; while the magnetic resistance from one pole to the next is large, and the difference in magnetic resistance is the basis for generating the reluctance torque, the rotor in this embodiment has large variation in magnetic resistance and large reluctance torque. In addition, the magnetic conduction lines are mutually insulated, the magnetic flux between poles causes small eddy current in the magnetic conduction lines, and the problem of the eddy current loss of the rotor lamination of the common axial lamination reluctance motor is avoided.

The embodiment provides a reluctance motor rotor adopting electromagnetic wires, which can reduce the eddy current loss of the axial laminated reluctance motor rotor, improve the efficiency, improve the magnetic conductivity of an iron core, reduce the volume weight of the iron core, simplify the processing technology of the iron core and facilitate the motor manufacture.

The invention is described by taking a permanent magnet motor with magnetic poles on a rotor as an example, and the invention can also be used for a motor with an armature on the rotor.

The invention is described by taking a reluctance motor with a reluctance effect on a rotor as an example, and the invention can also be used for a motor with a reluctance effect on a stator.

In summary, the magnetic conductive wire, the magnetic yoke using the magnetic conductive wire, the magnetic pole using the magnetic conductive wire, and the magnetic circuit using the magnetic conductive wire of the present invention can be used in a permanent magnet motor, an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor, a direct current motor, etc., and can be used in a magnetic yoke, a magnetic pole, a combination of the two, etc.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims. The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A core having magnetically conductive wires, comprising: the magnetic conducting wires are arranged in parallel and fixed in a mode of filling fixing materials between the parallel magnetic conducting wires or directly fixed in a mode of integrally bundling and forming.

2. A core with magnetically conductive wires as claimed in claim 1, wherein said magnetically conductive wires are obtained by laying insulating portions on the outer surface of the highly magnetically permeable portions, said insulating portions being intended to avoid the highly magnetically permeable portions from coming into contact with each other causing an electric current.

3. A core having magnetically conductive wires as claimed in claim 2, wherein said highly magnetically conductive portions are drawn as filaments having a circular, oval or polygonal cross-section, and said highly magnetically conductive portions are made of a magnetically conductive material selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, amorphous materials or silicon steel.

4. A core with magnetically conducting wires as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that said fixation material is glue or epoxy or adhesive material.

5. A magnetic circuit component, comprising: a core having magnetically conductive wires as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, along which magnetic flux flows; the magnet conducting wires are arranged in parallel with the axial direction, or in parallel with the radial direction, or in the circumferential direction.

6. An axial field electric machine, comprising: a core having magnetically conductive wires as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which are arranged in a direction parallel to an axial direction of the motor.

7. A reluctance machine rotor with magnetically conductive wires, comprising: a rotating shaft and a pole yoke part, the pole yoke part being the core having the magnet conductive wires as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the pole yoke part being fixed to the rotating shaft, the pole yoke part being composed of a yoke between two poles and half poles at both ends thereof, the pole yoke part having a plurality of magnet conductive wires arranged in parallel and a fixing material, the magnet conductive wires constituting a low reluctance path between the two half poles, the fixing material being filled between the parallel magnet conductive wires.

8. A reluctance machine, comprising: a stator and a reluctance machine rotor with magnetically conducting wires as claimed in claim 7.