CN113328312A

CN113328312A - Hook-type commutator for preventing jump sheet

Info

Publication number: CN113328312A
Application number: CN202110386710.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨阿东
Original assignee: Ruian Dongcheng Motor Accessories Co ltd
Current assignee: Ruian Dongcheng Motor Accessories Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-12
Filing date: 2021-04-12
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-12
Also published as: CN113328312B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hook type commutators, in particular to a hook type commutators capable of preventing spring plates from jumping. The base body is divided into two parts, the guide rod arranged on the lower die is inserted into the foot body on the commutator segment and fixed with the upper die, so that the process of inserting the commutator segment can be flexible in the processing process, the problem of insufficient bonding strength between the commutator segment and the base body is effectively solved, the connection strength between the commutator segment and the base body when the heat in the commutator segment is increased can be increased by arranging the plug which can increase the volume when being heated on the guide rod, the stress point is increased by further increasing the contact area between the commutator segment foot body and the base body by arranging the curved plate on the foot body, and the possibility of generating segment jump caused by untight connection between the commutator segment and the base body is reduced.

Description

Hook-type commutator for preventing jump sheet

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hook type commutators, in particular to a hook type commutators capable of preventing a jump piece.

Background

A hook-type commutator is a part which is used on a DC motor and enables the motor to continuously rotate, and is structurally characterized in that a plurality of conductive copper sheets are enclosed into a circle, one end of the circular part is connected with a rotor and is contacted with an external brush, and only two groups of copper sheets are contacted with the brush, the main working principle is that after a coil passes through current, the circular part can rotate under the action of a permanent magnet through attraction and repulsion forces, when the circular part rotates to be balanced with the magnet, a line which is originally electrified is separated from the brush compared with a contact sheet on the corresponding commutator, the brush is connected to the contact sheet corresponding to the group of coils which generate driving force, so that the motor continuously and repeatedly enables the motor to continuously operate, when the motor is actually used, the jump sheet can generate great potential safety hazard, and the factors of the existing commutator generating the jump sheet in the use process not only include the self structural problem of the commutator, and meanwhile, the electric spark generated when the commutator operates and the brush rubs is also greatly related.

The reason for the current commutator to generate the jump phenomenon mainly includes the following aspects:

1. the foot body of the commutator segment used in the prior art is integrally fixed with the base body, and the foot body is used as the only fixing means of the commutator segment and the base body, so that the binding force between the foot body and the base body is very limited, and certain influence is brought to the overspeed performance of the commutator;

2. the foot body of the existing commutator segment is mostly a metal part, and the weight of the existing commutator segment is heavier, so that the inconvenience is brought to the sheet inserting procedure in the processing process, and the performance of the commutator is also influenced;

3. meanwhile, the commutator segment needs to rub with the electric brush frequently, a large amount of copper scraps or other impurities exist in the process, and electric sparks are generated after a long time, so that the electric brush or the coating on the surface of the commutator segment is damaged, and even a fire disaster is generated.

Disclosure of Invention

Solves the technical problem

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the anti-jump-piece hook type commutator which can effectively solve the problem that the fixing between a foot body and a base body is not tight in the prior art.

Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a hook-type commutator for preventing segment jumping, which comprises a base body and commutator segments, wherein the commutator segments are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the base body, the base body consists of an upper die and a lower die, the upper die is an insulating hollow cylinder, an insulating groove is formed between adjacent commutator segments on the upper die, insulating materials are filled in the insulating groove, and the lower die comprises a hollow circular plate and a guide rod vertically arranged on the surface of the hollow circular plate;

wherein, the commutator segment comprises the copper sheet body and the foot body of a plurality of group installations on the copper sheet body concave surface, the crotch is installed at the top of copper sheet body, the foot body closely cooperates with last mould, the whole arc structure that is of foot body, the concave surface of its cambered surface and commutator segment is laminated mutually, a guiding hole that runs through the foot body is seted up to foot body top face, the guiding hole on the foot body is alternated to the guide bar correspondence on the lower mould, the guide bar is provided with the end cap that a plurality of groups are heated inflation on the surface.

Furthermore, the insulating material in the insulating groove is mica sheets, and the reversing sheets are insulated from each other, so that the reversing failure is avoided.

Furthermore, the guide rods are circumferentially arrayed on the surface of the hollow circular plate, the number of the guide rods corresponds to the number of the commutator segments, through the guide rods, the whole quality of the commutator segments is reduced by arranging through holes on the foot bodies while assisting the process of inserting the commutator segments, and the overspeed performance of the commutator is improved.

Further, the side slope of copper sheet body sets up, and top surface and inclined plane contained angle are 45, the cambered surface and the side inclined plane of copper sheet body are acute angle 135, and are adjacent the acute angle end of copper sheet body is pressed close to, reduces the electric brush from the frictional interval time of adjacent copper sheet body to improve its hypervelocity performance.

Further, the end caps are made of alumina, the end caps are arranged on the outer surface of the guide rod at intervals, the end caps are arranged between the foot body and the upper die, the tail end of the guide rod extends out of the foot body and is tightly matched with the upper die, the foot body and the base body can be fixed in an auxiliary mode through the guide rod, and the fixing capacity between the foot body and the base body is improved.

Further, the guiding hole is opened in the middle part of the foot body, the size of dimension of guiding hole is the same with the diameter size of guide bar completely, the guide bar laminates all the time at the inner wall of guiding hole, has not only alleviateed the overall quality of the foot body through the setting of guiding hole, also utilizes setting of guide bar to assist and fix between the foot body and the base member simultaneously.

Furthermore, a curved plate extends from the top end of the foot body, a concave cavity is formed between the curved plate and the copper sheet body, one side of the curved plate, which is close to the copper sheet body, is provided with a concave surface, and the back of the curved plate is also provided with the concave surface which is tightly attached to the upper die, so that the contact area between the inside of the base body and the foot body is increased, the base body is more compact in fixation during injection, and the fixation performance of the base body is improved.

Further, the foot body sets up to two sets of at least, the foot body is arranged along the vertical direction of copper sheet body interval from top to bottom, and through the cooperation between foot body and the lower mould, let stability strengthen between commutator segment and the base member, established the basis for the realization of the overspeed performance of commutator.

Furthermore, the lower part of the copper sheet body is provided with a graphite layer which is flush with the surface of the copper sheet body, the plane where the graphite layer is located and the plane where the electric brush contacted with the commutator are located on the same plane, the electric conductivity of the graphite layer not only can be competent with the same performance of the copper sheet, compared with the copper sheet, the manufacturing cost is lower, and meanwhile, later-stage maintenance and polishing are facilitated.

Furthermore, the hollow circular plate on the lower die is made of bakelite powder, so that the hollow circular plate is light in weight and good in heat resistance, and can well meet the use requirement of the commutator.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the base body is divided into two parts, the guide rod arranged on the lower die is inserted into the foot body on the commutator segment and fixed with the upper die, so that the process of inserting the commutator segment can be flexible in the processing process, the problem of insufficient bonding strength between the commutator segment and the base body is effectively solved, the connection strength between the commutator segment and the base body when the heat in the commutator segment is increased can be increased by arranging the plug which can increase the volume when being heated on the guide rod, the stress point is increased by further increasing the contact area between the commutator segment foot body and the base body by arranging the curved plate on the foot body, and the possibility of generating segment jump caused by untight connection between the commutator segment and the base body is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional elevation view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower mold structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a commutator segment according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the commutator segment structure of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1. a substrate; 101. an upper die; 1011. an insulating groove; 102. a lower die; 1021. a hollow circular plate; 1022. a guide bar; 1023. a plug; 2. a commutator segment; 201. a copper sheet body; 202. a foot body; 203. a guide hole; 204. a curved plate; 205. and a graphite layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example (b): a hook-type commutator for preventing the jumping of segments comprises a base body 1 and commutator segments 2, wherein the commutator segments 2 are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the base body 1, the number of the commutator segments can be controlled according to different actual working environments, the base body 1 comprises an upper die 101 and a lower die 102, the base body is made of insulating materials, and other components of the commutator are made by known technologies, such as external electric brushes, rotating shafts and the like, which are not discussed herein. The upper die 101 is an insulating hollow cylinder, an insulating groove 1011 is arranged between adjacent commutator segments 2 on the upper die 101, the insulating groove 1011 is filled with insulating materials, the insulating groove 1011 in the scheme adopts an inner trapezoidal structure, the fixity between the insulating material and the insulating groove is increased, the surface of the insulating groove is convenient to treat and maintain, the lower die 102 comprises a hollow circular plate 1021 and guide rods 1022 vertically arranged on the surface of the hollow circular plate 1021, and the number of the guide rods 1022 on the hollow circular plate 1021 is adjustable according to the specific actual working requirements and corresponds to the number of the commutator segments 2;

wherein, the commutator bar 2 is composed of a copper bar body 201 and a plurality of groups of foot bodies 202 arranged on the concave surface of the copper bar body 201, the foot bodies 202 are of a punching metal piece structure, and simultaneously, the insulating property is better, the top of the copper bar body 201 is provided with a hook, the foot bodies 202 are tightly matched with the upper die 101, the whole foot bodies 202 are of an arc structure, compared with the traditional rectangular structure, the arc surface increases the contact area between the arc surface and the base body, the connection strength between the foot bodies and the base body is improved, the arc surface is attached to the concave surface of the commutator bar 2, the top end surface of the foot bodies 202 is provided with a guide hole 203 penetrating through the foot bodies 202, the volume of a part of the foot bodies 202 is reduced, thereby the total quality of the foot bodies is reduced, the commutation property of the commutator is improved, the guide rod 1022 on the lower die 102 is correspondingly inserted into the guide hole 203 on the foot bodies 202, in addition, the plug on the guide rod 1022 is tightly matched with the upper die 101, the top of the guide rod 1022 is fixed together with the upper die pressing, the guide bar 1022 has a plurality of groups of plugs 1023 which are deformable by heat disposed on the surface thereof.

The insulating material in the insulating groove 1011 used in this example is mica sheet, which may be replaced by other materials having good insulating properties.

Referring to fig. 3, the guide rods 1022 are circumferentially arrayed on the surface of the hollow circular plate 1021, in this example, the guide rods 1022 are made of insulating metal rods, which have light weight, and the number of the guide rods 1022 corresponds to the number of the segments 2.

Referring to fig. 7, the side of the copper sheet body 201 is inclined, the included angle between the top surface and the inclined plane is 45 °, the arc surface and the side inclined plane of the copper sheet body 201 are acute angles of 135 °, the acute angles of the adjacent copper sheet bodies 201 are close to each other, the contact interval time of the electric brush on the copper sheet body 201 is reduced, and the overspeed performance of the commutator is increased to a certain extent.

Referring to fig. 6, the plugs 1023 are made of alumina, the plugs 1023 are arranged on the outer surface of the guide rod 1022 at intervals, the plugs 1023 are arranged between the foot body 202 and the upper die 101, the tail end of the guide rod 1022 extends out of the foot body 202 and is tightly matched with the upper die 101, the plugs 1023 can also be made of silica or other insulating metal pieces capable of increasing the volume of the silicon oxide when being heated, meanwhile, the melting point of the alumina is higher, the hardness is higher, in the embodiment, the plugs 1023 are preferably made of alumina, the positions of the plugs 1023 on the guide rod 1022 are located between the foot body 202 and the upper die 101, the tail end of the guide rod 1022 extends out of the foot body 202 and is tightly matched with the upper die 101, a certain volume is increased when the commutator generates heat, so that the connection strength between the foot body 202 and the base body 1 is improved, and the possibility of the existence of skip pieces is reduced.

Referring to fig. 7, the guide hole 203 is formed in the middle of the foot 202 and located on one side of the curved plate 204, the size of the guide hole 203 is completely the same as the diameter of the guide rod 1022, the guide rod 1022 is always attached to the inner wall of the guide hole 203, the connection strength between the foot 202 and the base 1 can be effectively increased by the connection between the guide rod 1022 and the guide hole 203, and the connection strength between the commutator segment and the base 1 is improved by the joint action of the foot 202 and the base and the guide rod 1022 and the thermal expansion plug arranged on the rod.

Referring to fig. 7, a curved plate 204 extends from the top of the leg 202, and forms a cavity with the copper sheet 201 to increase the contact area and the accommodation space between the leg 202 and the substrate 1, so as to further increase the fixing ability between the substrate 1 and the leg 202, the curved plate 204 is concave on one side near the copper sheet 201, and the back is concave and tightly attached to the upper mold 101,

referring to fig. 7, the minimum number of the leg bodies 202 is two, the leg bodies 202 are arranged at intervals up and down along the vertical direction of the copper sheet body 201, and according to different use spaces or use strengths, the number of the leg bodies 202 can be increased according to the number of the copper sheet bodies 201 and the power of the motor, in principle, the faster the rotation speed of the engine is, the stronger the possibility of the existence of the skip pieces is, and therefore, the connection strength between the base body and the commutator segments needs to be further improved.

Referring to fig. 4, a graphite layer 205 flush with the surface of the copper sheet body 201 is disposed at the lower portion of the copper sheet body 201, a plane where the graphite layer 205 is located and a plane where a brush contacted by the commutator is located are located on the same plane, and the graphite layer 205 can also be made of other good conductive materials with light weight.

Referring to fig. 3, the hollow circular plate 1021 of the lower mold 101 is made of bakelite powder, and other insulating materials can be used.

For the convenience of understanding, the working principle and the using method of the anti-skip hook type commutator are discussed.

When the commutator is used, along with the continuous rotation of the commutator and under the use environment, a large amount of heat can be generated in the commutator, the base body 1 is divided into two parts to connect the foot bodies 202 on the commutator segment 2 during processing, in addition to the connection strength generated by the contact surfaces between the foot bodies 202 and the base body 1, the base body 1 and the foot bodies 202 can be connected and fixed in an auxiliary way through the guide rods 1022, the connection strength between the foot bodies 202 and the base body 1 is further increased, meanwhile, the volume of the plug 1023 arranged on the guide rods 1022 can be expanded when the guide rods 1022 are heated, the connection force between the plug 1023 and the base body 1 is increased, the mechanical strength of the commutator is increased, and the possibility of segment skipping in the operation process of the commutator can be effectively prevented;

the hole grooves matched with the guide rods 1022 are formed in the foot bodies 202, so that the mass of a part of the foot bodies 202 is reduced, the actual mass of the commutator is further reduced, meanwhile, a layer of copper sheet substitute is arranged at the contact position of the surface of the copper sheet body 201 and the electric brush, graphite is adopted in the embodiment, the overall mass of the commutator is reduced on the premise that the electric conductivity between the copper sheet body 201 and the electric brush is not influenced, and the overspeed performance of the commutator is improved.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hook-type commutator for preventing jump pieces comprises a base body (1) and commutator pieces (2), wherein the commutator pieces (2) are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the base body (1), and the hook-type commutator is characterized in that the base body (1) consists of an upper die (101) and a lower die (102), the upper die (101) is an insulating hollow cylinder, an insulating groove (1011) is formed between adjacent commutator pieces (2) on the upper die (101), the insulating groove (1011) is filled with insulating materials, and the lower die (102) comprises a hollow circular plate (1021) and a guide rod (1022) vertically installed on the surface of the hollow circular plate (1021);

wherein, commutator segment (2) are installed foot body (202) on the concave surface of copper sheet body (201) by copper sheet body (201) and a plurality of group and are constituteed, the crotch is installed at the top of copper sheet body (201), foot body (202) closely cooperates with last mould (101), foot body (202) wholly is the arc structure, and its cambered surface and commutator segment (2)'s concave surface laminates mutually, a guiding hole (203) that runs through foot body (202) is seted up to foot body (202) top terminal surface, guiding rod (1022) on lower mould (102) correspond guiding hole (203) on the foot body (202) of interlude, guiding rod (1022) are provided with the end cap (1023) that a plurality of groups are heated the inflation on the surface.

2. An anti-skip hook-type commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating material in the insulating groove (1011) is mica sheet.

3. The hook type commutator for preventing jump ring according to claim 1 wherein the guide bars (1022) are arranged on the surface of the hollow circular plate (1021) in a circumferential array, and the number of the guide bars (1022) is corresponding to the number of the commutator segments (2).

4. The hook-type commutator of an anti-jump piece of claim 1, characterized in that the side of the copper sheet body (201) is inclined, the included angle between the top surface and the inclined surface is 45 °, the arc surface and the side inclined surface of the copper sheet body (201) are acute angles of 135 °, and the acute angles of the adjacent copper sheet bodies (201) are close to each other.

5. The anti-skip hook-type commutator of claim 1, wherein the plugs (1023) are made of alumina, the plugs (1023) are arranged on the outer surface of the guide rod (1022) at intervals, the plugs (1023) are arranged between the foot body (202) and the upper die (101), and the tail end of the guide rod (1022) extends out of the foot body (202) and is tightly matched with the upper die (101).

6. The anti-skip hook-type commutator of claim 1, wherein the guide hole (203) is opened in the middle of the leg body (202), the size of the guide hole (203) is identical to the diameter of the guide rod (1022), and the guide rod (1022) is always attached to the inner wall of the guide hole (203).

7. The hook-type commutator for preventing jump ring according to claim 1, wherein the top of the leg body (202) is extended with a curved plate (204) and forms a cavity with the copper body (201), the curved plate (204) is concave on one side near the copper body (201) and the back is concave and tightly contacts with the upper die (101).

8. The anti-skip hook-type commutator of claim 1, wherein the foot bodies (202) are arranged in at least two groups, and the foot bodies (202) are arranged at intervals up and down along the vertical direction of the copper sheet body (201).

9. The hook-type commutator for preventing the jumping of the sheets according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the copper sheet body (201) is provided with a graphite layer (205) flush with the surface of the copper sheet body (201), and the plane of the graphite layer (205) is the same as the plane of the brush contacted by the commutator.

10. The hook commutator of claim 1, wherein the hollow circular plate (1021) of the lower mold (101) is made of bakelite powder.