CN113328118B - A tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of auto parts, and provides a tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises a multi-layer flat tube arranged longitudinally, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at the horizontal ends of the flat tube. A metal strip with a wavy longitudinal cross-section is arranged between two adjacent layers of flat tubes, the crest of the metal strip is connected to the surface of one of the two adjacent layers of flat tubes, and the trough of the metal strip is connected to the surface of the first layer of the adjacent two layers of flat tubes. The surfaces of the other layer of the two adjacent layers of flat tubes are connected, and a plurality of fin groups are laterally opened on the metal strip, and each of the fin groups includes a plurality of fins, and the fins are bent When working, when the air flows through the fins, the air will be longitudinally deflected to the two opposite surfaces of the adjacent two layers of flat tubes, thereby enhancing the heat exchange on the surfaces of the flat tubes. The radiator of the present invention is provided with louver-type fins bent at a certain angle on the metal belt, so as to strengthen the heat exchange effect, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and has a simple structure and convenient processing.

Description

A tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of auto parts, and more particularly relates to a tube-and-belt radiator for fuel cell vehicles.

Background technique

60% of the heat of a traditional fuel vehicle is taken away through the exhaust gas, and only 30% of the heat is dissipated through the radiator. For a full-power fuel cell vehicle, due to its low operating temperature and small heat exchange temperature difference, the exhaust gas takes away a small part of the heat. , nearly 70% of the heat needs to be dissipated through the radiator.

The traditional fuel vehicle radiator generally adopts a tube-and-belt radiator, which has the effect of light weight and strong heat exchange effect. However, the current full-power fuel cell vehicle has a huge heat load and power level, and its operating temperature is lower than that of traditional fuel cell vehicles. Traditional tube-and-belt radiators cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of current fuel cell vehicles, which will affect the fuel cell stack. Various performances even destroy the stack. In order to solve this problem, some OEMs will use a combination of multiple radiators, but this will obviously increase the weight of the vehicle cooling system.

Chinese patent CN110970639A discloses a tube-strip radiator for vehicle fuel cells, which includes multi-layer flat tubes arranged longitudinally, and several bent tube layers and metal sheet layers are alternately arranged horizontally between every two layers of flat tubes. The layer includes several bent pipes bent at a certain angle, each metal sheet layer includes an array of metal sheets, and the metal sheets are provided with fins. However, the structure of the tube-and-belt radiator for the vehicle fuel cell is relatively complex, and the processing process is cumbersome, difficult, and time-consuming.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tube-strip radiator for fuel cell vehicles. By setting fins bent at a certain angle on the metal strip, the air will be deflected up and down to the flat when passing through the fins. The upper and lower walls of the tube are formed to strengthen the heat exchange between the upper and lower walls of the flat tube, and the purpose is to solve the problems of complex structure and cumbersome processing process of the existing tube-and-belt radiator for fuel cell vehicles.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a tube-and-belt radiator for fuel cell vehicles, which includes a multi-layer flat tube arranged longitudinally, and the horizontal ends of the flat tube are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. A metal strip with a wavy longitudinal section is arranged between the layers of flat tubes, the crest of the metal strip is connected to the surface of a layer of flat tubes in two adjacent layers of flat tubes, and the trough of the metal strip is connected to the surface of the first layer of the flat tubes. The surfaces of the other layer of the two adjacent layers of flat tubes are connected, and a plurality of fin groups are laterally opened on the metal strip, each of the fin groups includes a plurality of fins, and the fins are bent at a certain angle ;

During operation, when the air flows through the fins, the air will be longitudinally deflected to two opposite surfaces of the two adjacent layers of flat tubes, thereby enhancing the heat exchange on the surfaces of the flat tubes.

Preferably, the bending angle of the fins is 1°-179°.

Further preferably, the bending angle of the fins is 45°.

Preferably, the opening angle of the fins is 10°-40°.

Preferably, two adjacent fins form mirror symmetry.

Preferably, the plurality of fins in each of the fin groups are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval is 0.2 mm-5 mm.

Preferably, the opening directions of the plurality of fins in each of the fin groups are the same, or a part of the fins in each of the fin groups are opposite to another part of the fins.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent wave crests or two adjacent wave troughs of the metal strip is 1 mm-15 mm.

Preferably, the width of the metal strip is 10mm-130mm.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent layers of flat tubes is 5mm-20mm.

In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

(1) The radiator of the present invention is provided with flat tubes, corrugated metal strips and curved fins provided on the metal strips, with simple structure and convenient processing; The fins are bent at a certain angle, which significantly increases the air flow leading to the flat tubes, allowing more low-temperature air to “purge” to the flat tubes, significantly enhancing the air turbulence and destroying the thermal boundary layer to enhance heat exchange; at the same time, compared with For conventional vehicle radiators, the radiator provided by the present invention has a larger heat exchange area, improves the overall heat dissipation capability of the radiator, and lays a foundation for meeting the heat dissipation requirements of fuel cell vehicles.

(2) The bending of the fin is the cause of the longitudinal deflection of the air. The bending angle of the fin is reasonably controlled within the range of 1°-179°, so that more air is deflected to the flat tube due to the disturbance of the fin. , the bending angle of the fins is set to 45°, the air deflection is the largest, and the heat exchange effect is the best.

(3) The present invention reasonably optimizes the spacing between the flat tubes, the width of the metal strip, and the spacing between two adjacent wave crests or adjacent two wave valleys, so that the air can smoothly circulate inside the radiator and conduct sufficient heat exchange.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a front view of a tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a left side view of a tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle provided by a comparative example of the present invention;

5 is a side view of the air flow and heat distribution of the fin area of the radiator according to the embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a side view of the air flow and heat distribution of the radiator fin area of the comparative example of the present invention;

7 is a top view of the air flow and heat distribution of the fin area of the radiator according to the embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a top view of the air flow and heat distribution of the radiator fin area of the comparative example of the present invention;

Throughout the drawings, the same reference numbers are used to refer to the same elements or structures, wherein:

1-flat tube, 2-metal strip, 3-fin.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Example

A tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , includes a multi-layer flat tube 1 arranged longitudinally (along the z-axis direction), and the flat tube 1 is used for Through the cooling liquid, both ends in the transverse direction (along the x-axis direction) are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are of the same size; Metal strip 2, the crest of the metal strip 2 is connected to the surface of one layer of flat tubes 1 among the two adjacent layers of flat tubes 1, and the trough of the metal strip 2 is connected to the two adjacent layers of flat tubes 1. The surface of another layer of flat tubes 1 is connected to the surface, and the metal strip 2 is welded with the flat tube 1 for one-time forming; the metal strip 2 is provided with a plurality of fin groups along the x-axis direction, and each of the fin groups includes a A plurality of fins 3 are distributed in the y-axis direction, the fins 3 are bent at a certain angle, and the fins 3 destroy the thermal boundary layer.

In the traditional tube-and-belt radiator, the fins are directly pressed on the metal belt, and the fins are vertical structures. The vertical fins can only strengthen the lateral disturbance of the air, and there is still a certain thermal boundary layer. In the present invention, the bent fins 3 are provided. According to the principle of circular pipe turbulence, when the air passes through the fins 3, the air will be deflected up and down to the lower surface of the upper layer of flat tubes 1 and the upper surface of the next layer of flat tubes 1, which can strengthen the vertical The air disturbance in the vertical direction (z-axis direction) produces random disturbances in the transverse and longitudinal directions, which can better destroy the thermal boundary and enhance heat exchange. At the same time, the fins 3 are bent at a certain angle. Compared with the traditional radiator, the heat exchange area is larger. Under other same conditions, the heat exchange will be larger.

As a preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 3 , the bending angle α of the fins 3 is 1°-179°, more preferably 45°. The opening angle of the fins 3 is 10°-40°.

As a preferred embodiment, two adjacent fins form mirror symmetry; the plurality of fins 3 in each of the fin groups are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval is 0.2 mm-5 mm.

As a preferred embodiment, the opening directions of the plurality of fins 3 in each fin group are the same, or the opening direction of a part of the fins 3 in each of the fin groups is opposite to the opening direction of another part of the fins 3 . When the opening directions of the plurality of fins 3 are different, the air flowing in the positive and negative directions of the y-axis can be disturbed to enhance the heat exchange effect.

As a preferred embodiment, the distance between two adjacent wave crests or adjacent two wave valleys of the metal strip 2 is 1 mm-15 mm; the width of the metal strip 2 is 10 mm-130 mm. The distance between two adjacent layers of flat tubes 1 is 5mm-20mm. Due to the spacing between the flat tubes and the width of the metal strip, as well as the size of the spacing between two adjacent wave crests or adjacent two wave valleys, will directly affect the air circulation inside the radiator. Too much will cause the air to quickly pass through the radiator and not be able to exchange heat. If it is too small, it will prevent air circulation and increase the pressure drop. Therefore, the present invention reasonably optimizes the spacing between the flat tubes and the width of the metal strip, the spacing between two adjacent peaks or two adjacent troughs, so that the air is The inside of the radiator is smoothly circulated while fully exchanging heat.

Multiple flat tubes 1, metal strips 2 and fins 3 can be arranged in a rectangular array. According to the actual requirements of the overall size of the radiator, the number of flat tubes 1, metal strips 2 and fins 3 is designed, and no longer Repeat.

The structure of the fins 3 on the tube-and-belt radiator for fuel cell vehicles of the present invention has certain rules, which can improve the processing line of the existing traditional tube-and-belt radiator to meet the processing requirements of the present invention, thereby reducing the processing cost and difficulty.

When the above radiator is working, the high-temperature coolant flows into the flat tube 1 from one end of the water inlet of the flat tube 1, and at the same time, the air continuously passes through the radiator vertically along the y-axis direction. The heat on the fins 3 whose temperature rises due to the heat dissipation of the cooling liquid is taken away. In addition, because the fins 3 are bent at a certain angle, when the air flows through the fins 3, the air will be deflected up and down to the two opposite surfaces of the adjacent two layers of flat tubes 1. Purge the upper and lower surfaces of the flat tube 1 to take away the heat on the surface of the flat tube 1 heated by the cooling liquid to achieve heat exchange on the surface of the flat tube 1. After heat dissipation, the cooler with a lower temperature flows out from the water outlet of the flat tube 1 , then continue to the next loop. The cooling liquid may be distilled water (DW), ethylene glycol (EG) or nanoflow, etc. without limitation.

Comparative ratio

The Chinese patent CN110970639A provided in this comparative example discloses a fuel cell tube-strip radiator for vehicles. As shown in FIG. 4 , the radiator includes a multi-layer flat tube arranged longitudinally, and the horizontal ends of the flat tube are respectively provided with The cooling liquid inlet and outlet, and between every two layers of flat tubes, several bent tube layers and metal sheet layers are arranged alternately laterally, each of the bent tube layers includes several bent tubes bent at a certain angle, and each of the metal The sheet layer includes an array of metal sheets, and the metal sheets are provided with fins.

The present invention performs simulation tests on the air flow and heat distribution of the two types of tube-and-belt radiators for fuel cell vehicles provided in the embodiment and the comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 . Figures 5 and 6 show the air flow and heat distribution from the side view of the radiator fin area of the embodiment and the comparative example, respectively. The direction of the arrow in the figure indicates the air flow direction. The low-temperature air flows into the radiator, and the higher-temperature air flows out after heat exchange. It can be seen from the comparison between Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 that the air flow in the radiator in the embodiment of the present invention is more turbulent, which leads to a greater air disturbance and makes the thickness of the thermal boundary layer smaller. At the same time, it can be seen that the The low temperature area of the fins is larger, although the air temperature at the end is higher, but it has been discharged from the radiator, which means a larger heat exchange temperature difference, so that a larger heat exchange can be obtained.

Figures 7 and 8 respectively show the air flow and heat distribution in the top view of the fin area of the radiator of the embodiment and the comparative example. It can be seen from this that the thermal boundary layer at the fin structure of the embodiment (that is, the dark color around the fin in the figure) area) is significantly thinner than the thermal boundary layer at the fin structure of the comparative example, which means that the fin structure designed in the embodiment can well destroy the thermal boundary layer, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

The radiator of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with curved fins on the corrugated metal strip. Compared with the alternately arranged curved tube layers and the metal sheet layer with fins in the comparative example, it may be due to the continuous wave shape of the metal strip. There are multiple curved surfaces in different directions inside the radiator, and at the same time, the multiple fins distributed in the array on the metal strip are bent at a certain angle. The wavy metal strip and the curved fins are an integral structure, which makes the air disturbance stronger and improves the heat exchange effect. .

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, etc., All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a multi-layer flat tube (1) arranged longitudinally, and the horizontal ends of the flat tube (1) are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. A metal strip (2) with a wavy longitudinal section is arranged between two adjacent layers of flat tubes (1), and the crest of the metal strip (2) is connected to a layer of flat tubes in the two adjacent layers of flat tubes (1). (1) The surface is connected, and the trough of the metal strip (2) is connected to the surface of the other layer of flat tubes (1) in the two adjacent layers of flat tubes (1), and the metal strip (2) is laterally consists of a plurality of fin groups, each of the fin groups includes a plurality of fins (3), and the fins (3) are bent at a certain angle; During operation, when the air flows through the fins (3), it will be deflected longitudinally to two opposite surfaces of two adjacent layers of flat tubes (1), thereby enhancing the heat exchange on the surfaces of the flat tubes (1). 2 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the bending angle of the fins ( 3 ) is 1°-179°. 3 . 3 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the bending angle of the fins ( 3 ) is 45°. 4 . 4 . The tube-and-belt radiator for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1 , wherein the opening angle of the fins ( 3 ) is 10°-40°. 5 . 5 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the two adjacent fins form mirror symmetry. 6 . 6 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fins ( 3 ) in each of the fin groups are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval is 0.2 mm. 7 . -5mm. 7 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the fins ( 3 ) in each fin group have the same window opening direction, or each of the fins ( 3 ) has the same window opening direction. 8 . A part of the fins (3) in the fin group has a window opening direction opposite to that of another part of the fins (3). 8 . The tube-strip radiator for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between two adjacent wave crests or adjacent two wave troughs of the metal strip ( 2 ) is 1mm-15mm . 9 . The tube-strip radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the metal strip ( 2 ) has a width of 10mm-130mm. 10 . 10 . The tube-and-belt radiator for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between two adjacent layers of flat tubes ( 1 ) is 5mm-20mm. 11 .

Images