CN113325322A

CN113325322A - Signal processing device, battery management device and battery management system

Info

Publication number: CN113325322A
Application number: CN202110573877.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周号; 姚秉
Original assignee: Zhuhai Maiju Microelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Maiju Microelectronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-25
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2021-08-31

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a signal processing apparatus including: the acquisition control unit is used for acquiring the induction voltage; a driving signal providing unit that provides a driving signal to generate an induced voltage; and the detection capacitor is connected with the acquisition control unit and is used for acquiring the induction voltage. The disclosure also provides a battery management device and a battery management system.

Description

Signal processing device, battery management device and battery management system

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a signal processing apparatus, a battery management device, and a battery management system.

Background

In the use process of the rechargeable battery, the shape of the battery will change along with the aging of the battery, if the deformation of the battery is neglected, the battery will explode after being deformed to a certain degree, and the like, thereby causing inevitable loss.

Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the battery, it is necessary to monitor the deformation of the battery. Current monitoring is either cost prohibitive or not particularly effective. In the process of acquiring the battery deformation signal, the signal needs to be effectively and accurately acquired.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a signal processing apparatus, a battery management device and a battery management system.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a signal processing apparatus, comprising:

the acquisition control unit is used for acquiring the induced voltage of a capacitor plate, wherein the capacitor plate is used for sensing the shape change of a battery pack, the capacitor plate is arranged on the side surface or the outer side of the battery panel and changes along with the shape change of the battery pack, and when the shape of the capacitor plate changes, the induced voltage generated by the capacitor plate changes correspondingly;

the excitation signal providing unit is used for providing an excitation signal to the capacitor plate so that the capacitor plate can generate an induction voltage according to the excitation signal; and

a detection capacitor connected with the acquisition control unit and used for receiving the first charge from the capacitor plate to acquire the induction voltage,

after the detection capacitor finishes collecting the induced voltage, the induced voltage is applied to the induced capacitor by a second charge with the polarity opposite to that of the first charge, and the induced voltage is calculated according to the time length of the detection voltage reduced to the threshold voltage.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further includes a multiplexing unit, where the multiplexing unit is configured to select a part of the plurality of capacitor plates, so as to provide the excitation signal to the part of the plurality of capacitor plates through the excitation signal providing unit and collect the induced voltages of the part of the plurality of capacitor plates through the collection control unit and the detection capacitor.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection device further includes a reverse charging unit, and the reverse charging unit is configured to provide the second charge to the detection capacitor after the detection capacitor completes the collection of the induced voltage.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes a comparing unit that receives a voltage change value of the detection capacitor when the second charge is supplied to the detection capacitor, and outputs a comparison signal according to the voltage change value.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes a detection unit, wherein the detection unit is configured to compare the comparison signal with the threshold voltage, and when the comparison signal is lower than the threshold voltage, an output signal of the detection unit changes.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection circuit further includes a calculation unit that calculates a time period between an initial time when the second electric charge is supplied to the detection capacitance and a time when an output signal of the detection unit changes.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation unit calculates a voltage value of the induced voltage according to the time period.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further comprises an inductive charge discharging unit for connecting the capacitor plate to a reset voltage so as to discharge the charge of the capacitor plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the voltage detection device further includes a reset switch connected to the detection unit, the reset switch being capable of resetting the voltage of the detection unit to the reset voltage.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the reset voltage is equal to the threshold voltage.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management device includes the signal processing apparatus as described above.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management system is characterized by comprising the signal processing apparatus as described in any one of the above.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety check device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device of a battery safety detection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a signal processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management device or system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. Technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Unless otherwise indicated, the illustrated exemplary embodiments/examples are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concepts of the present disclosure may be practiced. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, features of the various embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged, and/or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.

The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the drawings is generally used to clarify the boundaries between adjacent components. As such, unless otherwise noted, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for a particular material, material property, size, proportion, commonality between the illustrated components and/or any other characteristic, attribute, property, etc., of a component. Further, in the drawings, the size and relative sizes of components may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. While example embodiments may be practiced differently, the specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two processes described consecutively may be performed substantially simultaneously or in reverse order to that described. In addition, like reference numerals denote like parts.

When an element is referred to as being "on" or "on," "connected to" or "coupled to" another element, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. However, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element, there are no intervening elements present. For purposes of this disclosure, the term "connected" may refer to physically, electrically, etc., and may or may not have intermediate components.

For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "below … …," below … …, "" below … …, "" below, "" above … …, "" above, "" … …, "" higher, "and" side (e.g., as in "side wall") to describe one component's relationship to another (other) component as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below … …" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below". Further, the devices may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" and variations thereof are used in this specification, the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof are stated but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, and as such, are used to interpret the inherent variation of a processed value, a calculated value, and/or a provided value that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery safety detection apparatus is provided. The battery safety detection device can measure the water content near the battery and also can measure the deformation of the battery.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery safety detection apparatus is provided. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a battery safety detection apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Wherein, the battery safety detection device 10 is used for measuring the shape change of the battery and/or the change of the water content of the environment where the battery is located, and the battery safety detection device 10 may include: a detection plate 100 and a signal processing device 200.

The sensing plate 100 is disposed adjacent to the battery 20, and when the shape of the battery changes and/or the moisture content of the surrounding of the battery changes, the sensing capacitance of the sensing plate 100 with respect to a reference ground changes. Wherein the reference ground may be a ground of the battery container described below, a ground of the battery pack, a reference ground of the processing circuit, or a ground of the chip described below.

The signal processing device 200 is connected to the sensing electrode 100, and obtains the changed induced capacitance from the sensing electrode 100, so as to measure the shape change of the battery 20 and/or the change of the moisture content of the environment in which the battery 20 is located according to the changed induced capacitance.

The battery 20 is accommodated in the battery container 30, and the sensing electrode plate 100 is disposed at least one portion of the battery container 30.

The detection electrode plate 100 may be provided inside, on the inner surface, on the outer surface of the battery container 30, or at a predetermined space from the outer surface of the battery container 30. The battery container may be a battery pack that accommodates a plurality of batteries.

In fig. 1, a case where one detection pad is included is shown, and in addition, a plurality of detection pads may be provided, for example, as shown in fig. 2. In the present disclosure, preferably, one or more current sensing plates may be disposed near the middle of the battery for better sensing the deformation of the battery.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sensing plate includes two or more plate units 110, the two or more plate units are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and the signal processing device measures a change in shape of the battery and/or a change in moisture content of an environment in which the battery is located by sensing an induced capacitance between each of the two or more plate units and a reference ground.

The signal processing device also measures the shape change of the battery and/or the change of the water content of the environment where the battery is located by detecting the induction capacitance between each plate unit and the adjacent plate unit of more than two plate units.

As shown in fig. 3, two or more plate units are strip-shaped and distributed on the detection plate along the first direction. There is an induced capacitance between each plate cell 110 and a reference ground, and there is also an induced capacitance between each adjacent plate cell 110.

The two or more pole plate units are one of a circle, an ellipse, a triangle and a polygon, and are respectively arranged at a plurality of positions of the detection pole plate. As shown in fig. 4, the plate unit has a circular shape, and an induced capacitance exists between each plate unit 110 and a reference ground, and an induced capacitance also exists between each adjacent plate unit 110.

In various embodiments or examples of the present disclosure, when the moisture content of the battery cell is changed, the dielectric constant between the plates is changed due to the change in the moisture content, and accordingly, the value of the induced capacitance between the plates is changed. This allows for effective measurement of changes in moisture content by the capacitive sensing apparatus of the present disclosure. When the water content is too high, alarm processing and the like can be performed. In addition, when the moisture content is changed, the dielectric constant caused by moisture in the battery pack will be uniformly changed, that is, the change in the dielectric constant caused by moisture in the battery pack is generally changed by the same amount throughout the battery pack.

When the battery deformation causes a change in the induced capacitance between the sensing plate 100/plate unit 110 and the reference ground. If a plurality of plate units 110 are used for detection, the influence of the deformation of the battery on the plate units 110 arranged at different positions is different, so that the change of the induced capacitance of the plate units 110 at different positions is different.

The signal processing device compares the induced capacitance obtained by each plate unit, and judges the shape change of the battery or the change of the water content according to the comparison result.

The shape change of the battery in the present disclosure includes a deformation position, a deformation amount, a deformation range, and/or a deformation type.

When the change rate or the change value of the induction capacitance of each plate unit is inconsistent, the change of the induction capacitance is considered to be caused by the shape change of the battery, and when the change rate or the change value of the induction capacitance of each plate unit is consistent, the change of the induction capacitance is considered to be caused by the change of the water content. In the present disclosure, the rate of change of the sense capacitance, that is, the proportion of the change in sense capacitance at a later time relative to a previous time, is preferably used as the measurement parameter. Therefore, the influence of the measurement result caused by the difference of the shape, the size and the like of the pole plate unit can be effectively avoided.

The change rate or change value of the induction capacitance of each plate unit is different from the change rate or change value of the induction capacitance of one or more plate units in more than two plate units.

When the change rate or the change value of the induction capacitance of one or more plate units exceeds a preset threshold value, the battery is considered to be in fault.

The number of the batteries is plural, and the sensing electrode plates are disposed between the batteries, at the inner surface, the outer surface of the battery pack accommodating the batteries, or at a predetermined space from the outer surface of the battery pack.

For example, if the detection plates are disposed on two sides of a battery, the two detection plates on the two sides may detect the battery from different angular directions, for example, in the case of a strip-shaped detection plate, the arrangement direction of the strip-shaped plates of the detection plates on the two sides may form an angle, for example, 90 degrees.

The number of the detection polar plates is more than two. The present disclosure may be set according to actual needs, and is not limited.

Fig. 5 shows a battery safety detection apparatus in a battery pack according to a first aspect of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 5, the battery pack may include more than two battery cells. Fig. 5 shows three

battery cells

621, 622, and 623, it being noted that other numbers of battery cells are possible. In the following, three battery cells are taken as an example, and the principle is the same when other number of battery cells are used.

The three

battery cells

621, 622, and 623 are arranged at a predetermined space interval.

The battery safety detection device may include a capacitance sensing device and a processing device.

The capacitance sensing device may include a first plate 601 disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of one of the neighboring battery cells and a second plate 602 disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of the other of the neighboring battery cells, wherein the first plate and the second plate are disposed in a predetermined space and are oppositely disposed. A first polar plate and a second polar plate are arranged between every two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units.

As shown in fig. 5, a first plate may be disposed on the outer surface of the first cell 621 and correspondingly a second plate on the outer surface of the second cell 622, a first plate on the outer surface of the other side of the second cell, and a second plate on the outer surface of the third cell 623.

And the signal processing device processes the output signals of the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate so as to acquire the capacitance change between the first polar plate and the second polar plate caused by the moisture around the battery unit and/or the deformation of the battery unit.

In addition, the signal processing device processes the output signals of the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate, and can acquire the capacitance change between the first polar plate and the second polar plate generated when the distance between the first polar plate and the second polar plate is changed due to the deformation of the battery unit. When the battery unit deforms, the pole plates deform correspondingly, so that the distance between the pole plates changes, and correspondingly, the capacitance generated between the pole plates also changes. The shape of the plates is not regular due to variations in shape. Therefore, if there are a plurality of pairs of plates for detection as described below, the rate of change or value of change in capacitance formed by each pair of plates will be different.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of moisture contained in the battery pack. Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a battery after deformation, wherein the deformation shown in fig. 7 is a bulge-type deformation of the battery cell.

In the battery pack of the present disclosure, the resulting capacitance value between the first and second pole plates will change due to changes in the moisture content of the battery pack. The deformation of the battery unit causes the first and second electrode plates to deform. When the first polar plate and the second polar plate are deformed, the electrostatic capacitance value between the first polar plate and the second polar plate is changed. Thus, the change in the moisture content in the battery pack and/or the deformation of the battery cell can be obtained by measuring the change in the capacitance value.

According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate disposed at the outer surface of one battery may be two or more. The signal processing device respectively acquires unit capacitance change values formed by the two or more capacitance sensing units.

Fig. 8 shows a case where a plurality of first and second pole plates are provided. The number of the first polar plate and the second polar plate may be set according to actual situations, and the shape of the first polar plate and the second polar plate may be various shapes such as a square, a rectangle, a circle, a trapezoid, a diamond, a triangle, a T-shape, an interdigital shape, a polygon, and the like.

By providing a plurality of first electrode plates and a plurality of second electrode plates, taking a first battery cell and a second battery cell as an example, a plurality of first electrode plates are provided on the outer surface of the first battery cell, and correspondingly, a plurality of second electrode plates are provided on the outer surface of the second battery cell. When the size and shape of each pair of the first and second plates are the same, the change in capacitance value detected by each pair of the first and second plates is the same when the moisture content in the battery pack is changed (because the change in dielectric constant caused by the moisture content in the battery pack is uniform), but when the size and/or shape of each pair of the first and second plates is the same, the change in capacitance value detected by each pair of the first and second plates is different when the moisture content in the battery pack is changed, the change in capacitance value caused by the moisture content can be obtained by calculating the rate of change in capacitance value of each pair of the first and second plates, for example, the rate of change in capacitance value between the previous and subsequent times.

When the first battery unit and/or the second battery unit at the position of a certain first polar plate and a certain second polar plate deform, the static capacitance value generated by the first polar plate and the second polar plate will change, and therefore the deformation condition of the first battery unit and/or the second battery unit is obtained by detecting the static capacitance value. Because different first and second plates are disposed at different locations, the static capacitance values generated by the respective first and second plates may be different. For example, when a bulge-type fault occurs, the static capacitance change of the first plate and the second plate at the bulge position is large, and the static capacitance change of the first plate and the second plate at the non-bulge position is small. Thus, the position and the range of deformation, and the type and the deformation amount of the deformation can be obtained according to the arrangement positions of the first polar plate and the second polar plate.

Preferably, the first plate and the second plate are arranged in parallel.

For example, the signal processing apparatus of the present disclosure may further include a comparison unit for comparing the capacitance change value and/or the change rate of each cell (each corresponding cell made up of the first plate and the second plate), and determining a change in the water content in the battery pack according to the comparison result. The comparison unit can also judge the deformation position, the deformation amount, the deformation range and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the capacitance change value and/or the change rate.

In addition, whether the capacitance change is caused by the change of the water content or the deformation of the battery unit can be judged according to the capacitance change value and/or the change rate. For example, when a bulge-type failure having a shape as shown in fig. 7 occurs, the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the middle two first electrode plates and the second electrode plates will be significantly different from the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the two first electrode plates and the second electrode plates on both sides, so that by detecting the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the detection unit formed by each of the first electrode plates and the second electrode plates, the position where the deformation occurs can be obtained, and the type of the deformation can also be obtained by the position of the deformation. For example, when a change in moisture content occurs, the value and/or rate of change of the electrostatic capacitance of each cell is substantially uniform/equal, and thus it can be considered that the capacitance change is caused by the change in moisture content.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electrical conductor for external packaging of each battery cell may be employed as the first and second plates. For example, the battery cell is usually wrapped with aluminum foil, and aluminum foil for wrapping may be used as the first and second electrode plates. And an insulating layer or the like may be further provided between the aluminum foil and the battery body.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate is an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed at or near an outer surface of one battery cell and/or at or near an outer surface of another battery cell, respectively, and may also be disposed at or near an inner surface. For example, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed separately from an electrically conductive material, or the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed of an electrically conductive material (e.g., coated with an electrically conductive material) to function as the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

The battery safety detecting device may further include an applying device for applying a stimulus to the first plate and/or the second plate. In addition, a threshold comparison unit may be included, and when the capacitance change value and/or the change rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the battery has a fault (excessive moisture content, excessive deformation, etc.).

Fig. 9 shows a case where a plurality of first plates 6011 and second plates 6021 are arranged in a stripe shape and cross, where the first plates may serve as emitting plates and the second plates may serve as receiving plates, or vice versa. After the first plates are sequentially excited, the induced capacitance obtained from each excited first plate is measured by each second plate, respectively.

Fig. 10 shows the case of a plurality of first plates 6011 and second plates 6021, the plates being rectangular and arranged correspondingly, where the first plate may serve as the emitter plate and the second plate may serve as the receiver plate, or vice versa. After the first plates are sequentially excited, the induced capacitance obtained according to each excited first plate is measured by the adjacent second plates, respectively.

Fig. 11 shows a case where one second plate 602 is included, and there are a plurality of first plates 6011, where the first plate may be used as a transmitting plate, the second plate may be used as a receiving plate, and vice versa. After each first plate is excited in turn, the induced capacitance obtained from the excited first plate is measured by the second plate, respectively, and vice versa.

Further, the case of measuring the induced capacitance between two plates is given in the above example, but the induced capacitance between a plurality of plate units provided on one plate may be measured by one plate in the present disclosure. For example, as shown in fig. 12, the plurality of plate units include transmitting electrodes 131 and receiving electrodes 132, and the transmitting electrodes 131 and the receiving electrodes 132 are arranged in a staggered manner. When the transmitting electrode 131 is excited, the induced capacitance formed between the adjacent transmitting electrode 131 is measured by the receiving electrode 132.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including the above battery safety detection apparatus, by which the moisture content and/or deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack is measured.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detecting device in a battery pack, the battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space, the battery safety detecting device including: the capacitance sensing device comprises a first polar plate array and a second polar plate array; and a signal processing device that processes output signals of the first plate array and/or the second plate array so as to obtain a change in capacitance between the first plate array and the second plate array generated when a moisture content in the battery pack changes, wherein the first plate array includes two or more first plates and the second plate array includes two or more second plates, an extending direction of the two or more first plates is at a predetermined angle to an extending direction of the two or more second plates, the first plate array is disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of one of adjacent battery cells, the second plate array is disposed on, near, or inside an outer surface of another of the adjacent battery cells, and wherein the first plate array and the second plate array are disposed in a predetermined space and are opposed to each other. The predetermined angle may be 90 degrees.

A first polar plate array and a second polar plate array are arranged between every two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units. The first and second electrode plate arrays may be arranged in parallel.

Two battery cells will be described as an example. Fig. 9 shows a schematic arrangement of the first and second plates of the first and second battery cells.

As shown in fig. 9, the first electrode plate 6011 disposed in the first electrode plate array of the first battery cell may extend in the first direction and may be arranged in plurality in parallel, and the second electrode plate 6021 disposed in the second electrode plate array of the second battery cell may extend in the second direction and may also be arranged in plurality in parallel. In this way, when the first polar plate and the second polar plate are arranged oppositely, the change of the water content of the battery pack and/or the deformation of the battery unit can be sensed through the capacitance value generated between the first polar plate and the second polar plate. It should be noted that although the first plate and the second plate are configured as long strips in fig. 5, they may also take other shapes, and are not limited in this disclosure.

The battery safety detection device may further include an applying device for applying a stimulus to one or more of the two or more first electrode plates in a time-sharing manner and/or applying a stimulus to one or more of the two or more second electrode plates in a time-sharing manner.

For example, an excitation voltage is applied to a first plate at a first time, and then the electrostatic capacitance between the first plate and a second plate is measured. An excitation voltage is then applied to the other first plate, and the electrostatic capacitance between the first and second plates is measured, … ….

Thus, the electrostatic capacitance value between the first plate and the second plate obtained after the excitation voltage is applied to each first plate can be finally obtained.

The signal processing device obtains the capacitance change measured based on each first polar plate and/or second polar plate after applying excitation to the first polar plate and/or second polar plate at one time and other times, compares the capacitance change value and/or change rate, and judges the water content change of the battery and/or the deformation position, deformation amount, deformation range and/or deformation type of the battery unit according to the comparison result.

For example, when the moisture content in the battery pack changes, the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance measured by each plate is substantially uniform/equal, and thus the change can be regarded as being caused by the change in the moisture content. When a bulge-type fault of the shape shown in fig. 7 occurs, the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate at the bulge position is larger than the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the two first electrode plates and the second electrode plates at the two sides, so that the position where the deformation occurs can be obtained by detecting the change value and/or the change rate of the electrostatic capacitance of the detection unit formed by each first electrode plate and each second electrode plate, and the type of the deformation and the like can also be obtained by the position of the deformation.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electrical conductor for external packaging of each battery cell may be employed as the first and second plates. For example, the battery cell is usually wrapped with aluminum foil, and aluminum foil for wrapping may be used as the first and second electrode plates. And an insulating layer or the like may be further provided between the aluminum foil and the battery body. The packaging aluminium foil may then be treated to form each of the first and second plates.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate is an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed at or near an outer surface of one battery cell and/or at or near an outer surface of another battery cell, respectively, and may be disposed at or near an inner surface. For example, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed separately from an electrically conductive material, or the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed of an electrically conductive material (e.g., coated with an electrically conductive material) to function as the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

In addition, when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold value, the problem that the water content of the battery is too much or the deformation of the battery is too large is judged. For example, as can be seen from the above, the capacitance sensing device according to the present disclosure can effectively distinguish the change of the moisture content from the change of the shape, so that it can be obtained whether the problem of the moisture content or the deformation of the battery occurs after the distinguishing.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including the above battery safety detection apparatus, through which the moisture content and/or deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack is measured.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detecting device in a battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space, the battery safety detecting device comprising: the capacitance induction device comprises a first polar plate, a second polar plate and a middle polar plate; and a signal processing device which processes output signals of the first plate, the second plate and/or the intermediate plate so as to acquire a capacitance change between the first plate and the intermediate plate and/or between the second plate and the intermediate plate generated when a change in water content inside the battery pack and/or a deformation of the battery unit causes a change in a distance between the first plate and the intermediate plate and/or between the second plate and the intermediate plate, the first plate being disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of one battery unit of adjacent battery units, the second plate being disposed on, near or inside an outer surface of another battery unit of the adjacent battery units, the intermediate plate being disposed between the first plate and the second plate, and the intermediate plate being disposed opposite to the first plate and the second plate in a predetermined space, respectively.

A first polar plate 601, a second polar plate 602 and an intermediate polar plate 603 are arranged between each two adjacent batteries of the more than two battery units.

As shown in fig. 13, an intermediate plate is disposed between the first plate and the second plate, the change of the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the first battery unit can be known through the capacitance change between the intermediate plate and the first plate, and the change of the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the second battery unit can be known through the capacitance change between the intermediate plate and the second plate. The principle is the same for other battery units, and the description is omitted.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plate and/or the second plate is an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed at or near an outer surface of one battery cell and/or at or near an outer surface of another battery cell, respectively, and may additionally be disposed at or near an inner surface. For example, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed separately from an electric conductor, or the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be formed from an electrically conductive material.

The middle pole plate can be a whole conductor, and the conductor/conductive material can also be arranged on two sides of the middle pole plate. When the whole conductor is adopted, the change of the water content in the battery pack and/or the deformation of the first battery unit and the deformation of the second battery unit can be obtained by respectively detecting the capacitance change between the middle polar plate and the first polar plate and the capacitance change between the middle polar plate and the second polar plate. When the conductors/conductive materials are disposed on both sides of the middle plate, the change in the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the first battery cell is measured by the conductors/conductive materials on the opposite side of the middle plate corresponding to the first plate, and the change in the water content inside the battery pack and/or the deformation of the second battery cell is measured by the conductors/conductive materials on the opposite side of the middle plate corresponding to the second plate. Under the condition that the electric conductors or the electric conducting materials are respectively arranged on the two sides of the middle polar plate, the electric conductors or the electric conducting materials on the two sides are insulated.

Similar to the above embodiment, the number of the first electrode plates, the number of the second electrode plates, and the number of the middle electrode plates are respectively two or more, the two or more first electrode plates and the two or more middle electrode plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner and form two or more first capacitance sensing units, the two or more second electrode plates and the two or more middle electrode plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner and form two or more second capacitance sensing units, and the signal processing device respectively obtains the unit capacitance change values and/or the change rates formed by the two or more first capacitance sensing units and the two or more second capacitance sensing units.

The signal processing device comprises a comparison unit, wherein the comparison unit is used for comparing the capacitance change value and/or the change rate of each unit, and judging the change of the water content in the battery pack and/or the deformation position, the deformation amount, the deformation range and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the comparison result.

Similarly, the first plate and/or the second plate is/are an electrical conductor for packaging one battery cell and/or an electrical conductor for packaging another battery cell, and the intermediate plate is an electrical conductor or a conductive material disposed between the first plate and the second plate. Alternatively, the first and/or second plates are conductors or conductive materials disposed adjacent to an outer surface of one cell and/or adjacent to an outer surface of another cell, respectively, and the intermediate plate is a conductor or conductive material disposed between the first and second plates.

The first polar plate, the second polar plate and the middle polar plate are arranged in parallel.

And the application device is used for applying excitation to the first polar plate, the second polar plate and/or the middle polar plate. And when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that the battery has excessive water content or excessive deformation.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system including the above battery safety detection apparatus, wherein deformation of the battery cells in the battery pack and a water content inside the battery pack are measured by the battery safety detection apparatus.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery safety detecting device in a battery pack, the battery pack including two or more battery cells arranged at a predetermined space, the battery safety detecting device including: the capacitance sensing device comprises a first polar plate array, a second polar plate array and a middle polar plate array; and a signal processing device for processing output signals of the first plate array, the second plate array and/or the middle plate array so as to obtain capacitance changes generated by changes in water content inside the battery pack and/or capacitance changes generated by changes in distance between the first plate array and the middle plate array and/or between the second plate array and the middle plate array caused by deformation of the battery unit, wherein the first plate array comprises more than two first plates, the second plate array comprises more than two second plates and the middle plate array comprises more than two middle plates, the extending directions of the more than two first plates and the extending directions of the more than two middle plates form a predetermined angle, the extending directions of the more than two second plates and the extending directions of the more than two middle plates form a predetermined angle, the first electrode plate array is disposed at or near an outer surface or an inner surface or a vicinity of one of the adjacent battery cells, the second electrode plate array is disposed at or near an outer surface or an inner surface or a vicinity of another of the adjacent battery cells, and the intermediate electrode plate array is disposed between the first electrode plate array and the second electrode plate array, wherein the first electrode plate array, the second electrode plate array, and the intermediate electrode plate array are disposed in a predetermined space and are oppositely disposed.

A first polar plate array, a second polar plate array and an intermediate polar plate array are arranged between every two adjacent batteries of more than two battery units. The first polar plate array, the second polar plate array and the middle polar plate array are arranged in parallel. The predetermined angle is 90 degrees.

And electric conductors or conductive materials are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle polar plate array, and the electric conductors or the conductive materials on the two sides are insulated.

Also included is an application device for applying excitation to one or more of the two or more first plates in a time-sharing manner, to one or more of the two or more second plates in a time-sharing manner, and/or to one or more of the two or more intermediate plates in a time-sharing manner.

The signal processing device obtains a capacitance change value and/or a capacitance change rate measured based on each first polar plate, second polar plate and/or middle polar plate after applying excitation to the first polar plate, the second polar plate and/or the middle polar plate at one time and other times, compares the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate, and judges the change of the water content in the battery pack and/or the deformation position, the deformation amount, the deformation range and/or the deformation type of the battery according to the comparison result.

The first plate and/or the second plate are an electrical conductor or conductive material disposed adjacent to an outer surface of one cell and/or adjacent to an outer surface of another cell, respectively.

And when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that the battery has excessive water content or excessive deformation.

And when the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each first plate and each middle plate and/or the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each second plate and each middle plate are consistent, the internal water content of the battery pack is considered to be changed, and when the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each first plate and each middle plate and/or the capacitance change value and/or the capacitance change rate between each second plate and each middle plate are inconsistent, the shape of the battery unit is considered to be changed.

The technical solution of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure is different from the example of fig. 5 in that the present disclosure further includes an intermediate plate array, and the intermediate plate may include a plurality of strip-shaped intermediate plates.

For example, a plurality of first plates may extend in parallel in a first direction, a plurality of second plates may extend in parallel in the first direction, and a plurality of middle plates may extend in a second direction at an angle to the first direction, for example, the angle may be 90 degrees, wherein the middle plates may be disposed at both sides so as to correspond to the first and second plates, respectively. The measurement method may also be similar to the technical solution of the second aspect, and is not described herein again.

According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery management system including the above battery safety detection apparatus, by which deformation of a battery cell in a battery pack and/or moisture content inside a battery panel is measured.

The signal processing device may include an applying unit which may provide a square wave voltage, a step wave voltage, etc. of a predetermined hertz, and the sampling unit may receive a signal from the plate, provide the received signal to the analog-to-digital converting unit, and provide the signal to the filtering unit, etc. after being converted by the analog-to-digital converting unit, so that a corresponding capacitance change value may be measured. Furthermore, when a plurality of plates are processed by the signal processing device, a multiplexing unit may be provided before the sampling unit, and for example, a multiplexing switch may be used to select and measure signals of the respective plates.

The applying unit may apply the excitation to the plates, and further, in a case where it is necessary to apply the excitation to the plurality of plates respectively, the applying unit may selectively apply the excitation to the plates by the multiplexing unit. After the excitation is applied, the capacitance values generated by the plates may be sampled by the sampling unit (in the case of sampling a plurality of plates respectively, each plate may be selected by the multiplexing unit to sample the plate), the capacitance values collected by the sampling unit are sent to the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit may convert the collected capacitance values into digital signals and then filter the digital signals by the filtering unit. The filtering unit may include a linear filter, a nonlinear filter, or a combined filter of the linear filter and the nonlinear filter. The filtered signal is sent to a calculation unit which calculates the value and/or rate of change of capacitance generated by the plates. The calculated capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate are/is sent to a judgment unit, the judgment unit judges according to the capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate, for example, the judgment unit can judge whether the capacitance change is caused by the change of the water content or the battery deformation according to the capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate, and the judgment unit can judge whether the fault occurs according to the capacitance change value and/or capacitance change rate to give an alarm and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case of including a plurality of first electrode plates, an insulating material or an insulating member may be disposed between the plurality of first electrode plates in order to prevent a short circuit from being formed between the respective first electrode plates when the battery cell is deformed. Further, also in the case of including a plurality of second/intermediate plates, each of the second/intermediate plates may be provided with an insulating material or an insulating member to prevent short-circuiting after deformation. Further, an insulating material or an insulating member may be disposed between the first plate and the second plate, between the first plate and the intermediate plate, and/or between the second plate and the intermediate plate. When the insulating material or the insulating member is provided as described above, the insulating material or the insulating member may be provided between the two electrode plates, or the surface of each electrode plate may be covered with the insulating material or the insulating member.

In addition, although the first plate/the second plate is provided on the outer surface of the battery cell in the above embodiments/examples, the first plate/the second plate may be provided inside the outer surface of the battery cell, for example, inside the outer package of the battery cell.

In the above description, the moisture content may be measured according to the capacitance change value and/or the change rate, and the deformation position, the deformation amount, the deformation range, and/or the deformation type of the battery may be cut off. For example, in the case where a plurality of first plates, second plates, or intermediate plates are provided, the range of the deformation is determined by signals of plates provided at different positions, and for example, when the plate signals at certain positions are changed, the range of the deformation may be determined. The same manner can be used for determining the area where the distortion occurs. In addition, the deformation amount of the battery cell can be obtained according to the magnitude of the capacitance change,

further, according to a modified embodiment of the present disclosure, when the number of the first plate, the second plate, and the intermediate plate is one or more, it may be set so as to detect a change in moisture content and/or deformation.

For example, when there are more than one first plate and one second plate, the number of the first plates can be set to M, M is larger than or equal to 1, the number of the second plates can be set to N, N is larger than or equal to 2, wherein each of the M first plates is respectively acted with each of the N second plates to measure the corresponding capacitance change, for example, when there are 2 first plates and the 2 first plates are used as transmitting electrodes, and 3 second plates are used as receiving electrodes, 1 first plate in the 2 first plates is excited, the induction capacitance formed at the 3 second plates is respectively measured, then the other first plate is excited, and the induction capacitance formed at the 3 second plates is respectively measured. The same principle applies for the case where there is more than one first plate, second plate and intermediate plate. For example, the number of the first polar plates can be set to M, M is larger than or equal to 2, the number of the second polar plates can be set to N, N is larger than or equal to 2, the number of the middle polar plates can be set to M, wherein M is larger than or equal to 1, and the corresponding capacitance change is measured through the action of each of the M middle polar plates and each of the M first polar plates and the N second polar plates respectively.

Further, when the plates are disposed on both sides of the middle plate, the middle portions of the plates on both sides of the middle plate may be disposed to be electrically insulated.

According to another embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, the signal processing apparatus according to the present disclosure may include an acquisition control unit, a detection capacitor, a reverse charging unit, a comparison unit, a detection unit, a calculation unit, and an excitation signal providing unit.

In addition, the system can further comprise a multiplexing unit, and in the case of collecting the induced voltages of the plurality of plates, the multiplexing unit can select one plate corresponding to one induced voltage, the excitation signal providing unit provides an excitation signal, and then the collection control unit performs collection control.

The acquisition control unit may comprise an inductive charge discharging unit for discharging the charge of the plate by connecting the plate to a reset voltage, e.g. ground.

When the pole plate corresponding to one induction voltage is collected, the excitation signal is applied to the corresponding pole plate through the excitation signal providing unit, and the induction charges of the corresponding pole plate are transferred to the detection capacitor through the collection control unit. In addition, a reset switch may be connected to both ends of the detection capacitor to discharge the detection capacitor, thereby resetting it. The reset voltage of the detection capacitor and the reset voltage of the corresponding plate can be the same.

The comparison unit may include an operational amplifier, and a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier may be connected to the detection capacitor and a negative input terminal thereof may be connected to a threshold voltage, and the comparison unit outputs the comparison signal by comparing a voltage generated by the charge of the detection capacitor with the threshold voltage.

Or the negative input terminal may be connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, so that the output voltage of the comparing unit will change when the charge of the detection capacitor causes a voltage change.

After the sensing capacitor is acquired through the sensing capacitor, the reverse charging unit provides first charges with opposite polarities to the sensing capacitor, and the polarities of the first charges are opposite to the polarities of the charges injected into the sensing capacitor by the sensing capacitor. Thus, as the first charge supply time continues, the output voltage of the comparison unit gradually approaches in the direction of the reset voltage. The output voltage of the comparison unit is compared with a preset voltage in the detection unit, wherein the preset voltage can be equal to the reset voltage. When the output voltage of the comparison unit is less than the preset voltage, the output signal of the comparison unit will change.

The calculation unit performs time calculation from an initial time at which the reverse charging unit supplies the first charge, and calculates a time period between the initial time and a change time when the output signal of the comparison unit changes. And calculating the size and the change of the sensing capacitor through the time length.

The duration is proportional to the size of the sensing capacitor, so that the change of the duration reflects the change of the sensing capacitor. The value of the sensing capacitance is obtained by the time length.

As shown in fig. 15, according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management device, wherein the battery management device integrates the signal processing apparatus. According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a battery management system, wherein the battery management system includes the signal processing device.

In the battery management device or the battery management system, an overvoltage module may be further included, wherein the overvoltage module may calculate a discharge overvoltage threshold, a charge overvoltage threshold, or the like according to the detected deformation amount, and in the case that the threshold or the like is exceeded, alarm or take other measures, or the like.

The system also comprises an overcurrent module, wherein the overcurrent module can calculate a charging filtering threshold value, a discharging overcurrent threshold value and the like according to the detected deformation quantity, and alarm or take other measures and the like when the threshold value and the like are exceeded.

Therefore, the protection parameters of the battery can be adjusted, the working state of the battery can be maintained in a normal range, and under the condition that the deformation of the battery is overlarge, each threshold value is adjusted, so that faults and the like are prevented.

In addition, an electric quantity calculation unit can be further included, and due to the deformation of the battery, the corresponding battery model can be changed, such as the change of the model and the change of related parameters. These changes are all needed to be adjusted according to the parameters of the battery deformation so as to calculate the electric quantity of the battery with high precision.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A signal processing apparatus, characterized by comprising:

the acquisition control unit is used for acquiring the induced voltage of a capacitor plate, wherein the capacitor plate is used for sensing the shape change of a battery pack, the capacitor plate is arranged on the surface or outside of the battery pack and changes the shape along with the shape change of the battery pack, and when the shape of the capacitor plate changes, the induced voltage generated by the capacitor plate changes correspondingly;

2. The signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a multiplexing unit, wherein the multiplexing unit is configured to select a part of the plurality of capacitor plates, so as to provide the excitation signal to the part of the plurality of capacitor plates through the excitation signal providing unit and collect the induced voltages of the part of the plurality of capacitor plates through the collection control unit and the detection capacitor.

3. The signal processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a reverse charging unit configured to provide the second charge to the detection capacitor after the detection capacitor completes collecting the induced voltage.

4. The signal processing apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a comparison unit that receives a voltage change value of the detection capacitance when the second charge is supplied to the detection capacitance, and outputs a comparison signal according to the voltage change value.

5. The signal processing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a detection unit for comparing the comparison signal with the threshold voltage, an output signal of the detection unit changing when the comparison signal is lower than the threshold voltage.

6. The signal processing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a calculation unit that calculates a time period between an initial time when the second electric charge is supplied to the detection capacitance and a time when an output signal of the detection unit changes.

7. The signal processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the calculation unit calculates the voltage value of the induced voltage based on the time period.

8. The signal processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

the inductive charge releasing unit is used for connecting the capacitor plate to a reset voltage so as to release the charge of the capacitor plate; or

The voltage detection circuit further comprises a reset switch, wherein the reset switch is connected with the detection unit and can reset the voltage of the detection unit to the reset voltage, and the reset voltage is optionally equal to the threshold voltage.

9. A battery management device, characterized by comprising a signal processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A battery management system, characterized by comprising a signal processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.