CN1133252A - New concept air propeller with auxiliary propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The new-concept air propeller with auxiliary propeller is composed of propeller hub, main propeller, auxiliary propeller, propeller blade and air lot. The auxiliary propeller is placed in the leading edge position of the main propeller, and the triangular teeth their backswept is more than 30 deg. are uniformly distributed from its propeller root to propeller end towards stream-coming direction so as to make th normal component of stream-coming speed in front of those teeth less than the precession speed of the propeller blade, so that it can delay the production of shock wave so as to make the screw aircraft can overrun the high-subsonic zone and implement ultrasonic flight.

Description

A kind of new ideas air screw that is provided with metaplasm

The present invention relates to aircraft propulsion efficient aerodynamic Measures, specifically is a kind of new ideas air screw that is provided with metaplasm.

The propeller aeroplane of countries in the world now because the restriction of screw propeller prior art feature, flying speed greater than 700 kilometers/time after, efficient sharply descends." Encyclopadia Sinica " " aerospace " are said for the 374th page: " speed be lower than 700 kilometers/time situation under, the air screw propulsion coefficient is higher, speed continue to increase, propulsion coefficient sharply descends.Simultaneously, the required power of aircraft increases with the cube direct ratio of speed ".Former Soviet Union Ku Luoqijin work " omniplane principle of design " (National Defense Industry Press's version in 1973) said for the 49th page: " the propeller engine installation is when fly with level speed; the decline of propeller pulling force is very fast; heavily loaded screw propeller is said; when 900 kilometers/hour of speed V ≌ (M ≌ 0.75); pulling force is equivalent to the 20-25% of floating state, the pulling force of underloading screw power device with the rising of speed descend on the contrary rapider." this be because; existing propeller aeroplane with greater than 700 kilometers/time speed when flight; blade back side local air flow will be above velocity of sound; so that shock wave occurs; cause the burbling of shock wave back; make that screw propeller precession resistance is anxious to be increased, and propulsion coefficient reduces sharply, and machinery is trembled and shaken also corresponding increase with noise emission.Owing to these reasons, cause existing air screw aircraft not only to be difficult to cross over the high subsonic speed district and enter supersonic flight, also be difficult to rank among to noise very responsive modern passenger's air transport industry up to standard.The air screw engine installation in the many exclusive preceence of low subsonic area fail to obtain that actv. extends and expansion.

Purpose of the present invention a kind ofly has the air screw engine installation to postpone that shock wave produces and implement boundary-layer air blowing function to the blade back side can make propeller aeroplane can cross over the high subsonic speed district and enter a kind of new ideas air screw that is provided with metaplasm of supersonic flight thereby provide.

For achieving the above object, that the present invention has is affixed with propeller hub, its cross-sectional profile is with the similar multi-disc blade of wing, it is characterized in that: its main slurry leading edge is provided with tooth bar shape metaplasm, be provided with the bar shaped air cleft between metaplasm and the main oar, the oar cutter is bar shaped air cleft horizontal partition, and becomes a high strength monolithic with main oar and metaplasm are affixed.Below, the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

Fig. 1 is a plan view from above of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the I-IV cross-sectional view of arbitrary blade among Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged drawing of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the I-I cutaway view of Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is the I-I cutaway view of Fig. 4

Among the figure: 1, propeller hub; 2, main oar; 3, metaplasm; 4, oar cutter; 5, bar shaped air cleft; 6, rake tooth.

From Fig. 1-5 as can be known, metaplasm 3 places the leading edge locus of main oar 2, and metaplasm 3 from the blade root to the blade tip in the face of the precession direction is evenly distributed with the rake tooths 6 of sweepback angle greater than 30 degree, like this, establish the rake tooth sweepback angle and be 45 degree, then the normal component of speed of incoming flow V before the tooth This proof shock wave only just can occur under higher precession speed, thereby makes the generation of shock wave obtain postponing, and its function class is similar to swept wing or delta wing combination; This shows, adopt the blade leading edge evenly to lay the aerodynamic Measures of rake tooth, can overcome the precession of blade high speed, its back air-flow reaches velocity of sound and shock wave occurs, and then the obstacle of serious burbling and violent noise emission appears in the shock wave rear portion, make the propeller motor plane can cross over the high subsonic speed district, enter the kingdom of high efficiency supersonic flight.

And owing to each point garden circular velocity on the blade is directly proportional with this distance of putting rotating shaft, so, the exterior actual airflow speed of each section of blade is also proportional to the distance of rotating shaft with this section, like this, in theory, the sweepback angle of being located at the rake tooth 6 on the metaplasm 3 also should be with this tooth to the distance of rotating shaft and different, without exception unsuitable.But, be convenient to without exception make, generally get best sweepback angle and implement to get final product by the calculating system.

Shown in 3-5 figure, bar shaped air cleft 5 penetrates the blade two sides, be located at big stagger angle oar section between main oar 2 and the metaplasm 3, its cross-sectional configuration is as the conch shape pipeline that all opens wide to outside atmosphere towards main oar 2 back side trailing edge convergent bendings and rear and front end sealing, oar cutter 4 places between the adjacent bar air cleft 5, affixed with main oar 2 and metaplasm 3, as oval column.The junction surface outer wheels profile of the tip of rake tooth 6, two waists and adjacent rake tooth two waists is blunt round.Like this, higher requirement of strength and the less cloudy requirement of type are all satisfied in each position of blade, thereby help realizing the high rotating speed high thrust characteristic of screw propeller.As everyone knows, slat is opened, and can delay leading edge of a wing burbling, increases airfoil lift; To the bar shaped air cleft 5 of oar edge bending behind when blade is done big angle of attack precession, therefrom when blowing out fast, main oar 2 back sides produce boundary effect by the high-pressure side air-flow, thereby can strengthen the pressure reduction on blade 2 high-low pressure two sides, further improve the pulling force of screw propeller.

According to flying speed more is near as the air-flow velocity of working medium, and its propulsion coefficient high principle that just heals is set up known propulsion coefficient n _fComputing formula as follows: $n_f=\frac{2}{1+\frac{\mathrm{Ve}}{V}}$

Ve is the working medium flow velocity in the formula

V is an aircraft flight speed

According to above-mentioned formula as can be known, because the diameter of air screw is big as the unit time charge air of working medium much larger than jet engine, thereby when engine power was identical, the thrust of screw propeller was much bigger.In general, the air-flow velocity Ve of propeller is less, is slightly larger than V, and is almost approaching with V, so the propulsion coefficient of propeller is not only much larger than turbojet engine, also far above fanjet, thereby its oil consumption is little, helps realizing not doing flight-refueled super long distance flight; Less with the relevant heat exhaust of oil consumption because of propeller turbine again, so its exhaust temperature is corresponding lower, this avoids the infrared homing missile attack advantageous particularly of enemy for military aircraft; The propeller pulling force that takes off is big, can slow down by anti-oar during landing, and this realizes that to aircraft short take-off and landing (STOL) and carrier-borne use also are sought after.Yet, be in the international environment of current high-tech fast development, the screw propeller engine installation is only solving above-mentioned postponement shock wave generation, effectively reduce wave resistance and noise, enter after the supersonic flight thereby can make aircraft cross over the high subsonic speed district, above-mentioned many-sided advantage of propeller aeroplane just has the most advanced and sophisticated failure-free feasibility of using.

In sum, the present invention is not only for civilian sphere and the civilian level of expanding propeller aeroplane, especially for the military range of expansion propeller aeroplane and the realistic meaning that military level all has particular importance as can be known.It is for the military novel transport plane of China, tanker aircraft, and the development of extraordinary warplane and vertical and short take-off and landing aircraft, carrier-borne aircraft all has the effect of uniqueness; Its basic skills also is suitable for the development of new multi-purpose high-speed rotor machine equally.Use new ideas screw propeller of the present invention as angle of rake aircraft, it has high thrust-weight ratio and big charge air, and the take-off and landing ground run distance is short, can be from the landing of taking off of the runway of being damaged or aircraft carrier; The characteristic of its a compatible low subsonic standby and a velocity of sound halting spurt is so it has higher maneuverability; Its exhaust temperature is low, the infrared signal minimum, thereby have higher viability; Its oil consumption is economized most, has the voyage more much bigger than jet airplane; It has lower noise emission, thereby can make cyclogyro improve rotary wing performance, when obtaining higher forward flight speed, can also obtain more excellent travelling comfort.

The propeller hub 1 of novel air screw propeller of the present invention is made by alloy steel or alloy aluminum, and main oar 2, metaplasm 3, oar cutter 4 all can be made by alloy steel, alloy aluminum or composite material.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of new ideas air screw, has the multi-disc paddle affixed with propeller hub, that its cross-sectional profile is similar to wing, it is characterized in that: its main oar (2) leading edge is provided with tooth bar shape metaplasm (3), be provided with bar shaped air cleft (5) between metaplasm (3) and the main oar (2), oar cutter (4) is fixed into a high strength monolithic with bar shaped air cleft (5) horizontal partition and with main oar (2) and metaplasm (3).

2, as the described new ideas air screw of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the face of tooth of evenly laying rake tooth (6) on the metaplasm 3 from the blade root to the blade tip is to the precession direction, and the sweepback angle is equicrural triangle greater than 30 degree; The junction surface outer wheels profile of its tip, two waists and adjacent rake tooth two waists is blunt garden shape.

3, as the described new ideas air screw of claim 1, it is characterized in that: bar shaped air cleft (5) penetrates the blade two sides, be located between metaplasm (3) and the main oar (2) big stagger angle oar section, its cross-sectional configuration is as the conch shape pipeline that opens wide to outside atmosphere towards main oar (2) back trailing edge convergent bending and rear and front end sealing.

4, as the described new ideas air screw of claim, it is special seized with terrorly to be: oar cutter 4 places between the adjacent bar air cleft, and is affixed with main oar (2) and metaplasm (3), as ellipse garden shape column.

Images