CN113325270A - Optical cable transmission line monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Optical cable transmission line monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113325270A CN113325270A CN202110620452.XA CN202110620452A CN113325270A CN 113325270 A CN113325270 A CN 113325270A CN 202110620452 A CN202110620452 A CN 202110620452A CN 113325270 A CN113325270 A CN 113325270A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring an optical cable transmission line. The optical cable transmission line monitoring method comprises the following steps: acquiring structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line; collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line; calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters; calculating the outlier density of the state parameter; and when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density, sending out an early warning signal. The invention achieves the effect of accurately monitoring the ice shedding jump condition of the power transmission line.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring an optical cable transmission line.
Background
The high-voltage overhead line is exposed in the field for a long time, when the environmental temperature is low, the humidity is high and the wind speed is high, the ice coating of the power transmission line is easy to cause disasters, and the ice coating mechanism of the ice coating conductor is based on thermodynamics and mechanical mechanics. Thermodynamics is that heat is exchanged between an ice-coated wire system and the external environment in the modes of solar radiation, air convection, joule effect, evaporation, sublimation, melting and the like to cause ice coating to fall off; the mechanical mechanics is reflected in that the ice coating falls off by applying static load, dynamic load, impact load and the like to the ice coating lead system or the supporting tower thereof. Uneven deicing or different-period deicing not only can influence the subsequent re-icing process of the lead, but also can cause high-amplitude oscillation of the overhead power transmission system.
At present, researches on ice coating jump of a power transmission line mainly obtain key parameters such as dynamic displacement and tension characteristics of ice coating jump by a numerical simulation method such as a simulated artificial climate ice coating test and a simulated sudden unloading wire ice coating test, and judge whether the power transmission line has ice coating jump in real conditions by taking test parameters as bases. However, the method excessively depends on the experience of field testers, and the monitoring accuracy of the power transmission line deicing jump is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for monitoring an optical cable power transmission line, which are used for accurately monitoring the ice shedding jump condition of the power transmission line.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical cable transmission line monitoring method, where the optical cable transmission line monitoring method includes:
acquiring structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line;
collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line;
calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters;
calculating an outlier density of the state parameter;
and sending out an early warning signal when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density.
Optionally, when it is determined that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density, the sending an early warning signal includes:
when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density, performing risk grade evaluation;
and when the risk level is greater than a level threshold value, sending out an early warning signal.
Optionally, performing a risk rating assessment comprises:
and calculating the weight of the state parameter, and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
Optionally, before collecting the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line, the method further includes:
acquiring historical parameter information of the optical cable transmission line from a historical database; the historical parameter information comprises historical load parameters and historical environment parameters, the historical load parameters comprise historical first load parameters and historical second load parameters, the historical first load parameters at least comprise historical line tension, the historical second load parameters at least comprise historical icing thickness and historical deicing rate, and the historical environment parameters at least comprise historical temperature, historical wind speed and historical wind direction;
and calculating the critical outlier density according to the historical parameter information.
Optionally, calculating the state parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal and the structural parameter includes:
calculating current environmental parameters and current first load parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals, wherein the current environmental parameters at least comprise current temperature, current wind direction and current wind speed, and the current first load parameters at least comprise current line tension;
and calculating a current second load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the structural parameter, the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter, wherein the current second load parameter at least comprises the icing thickness and the deicing rate.
Optionally, collecting the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line includes:
collecting a first optical signal, a second optical signal and a third optical signal of the optical cable transmission line;
calculating the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal comprises the following steps:
calculating the current vibration frequency of the optical cable transmission line according to the first optical signal, and acquiring the current wind direction and the current wind speed according to the current vibration frequency;
calculating the current temperature of the optical cable transmission line according to the second optical signal;
and calculating the current line tension of the optical cable transmission line according to the third optical signal.
Optionally, the structural parameters include at least: the number of steps, the span, the type of the wire and the dead weight of the wire of the optical cable transmission line.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an optical cable transmission line monitoring device, where the optical cable transmission line monitoring device includes:
the structural parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line;
the optical signal acquisition module is used for acquiring optical signals of the optical cable transmission line;
the signal processing module is used for calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters;
the outlier density calculating module is used for calculating the outlier density of the state parameter;
and the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density.
Optionally, the early warning module includes:
the risk grade evaluation unit is used for evaluating the risk grade when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density;
and the early warning unit is used for sending out an early warning signal when the risk level is greater than the level threshold.
Optionally, the risk level assessment unit includes:
and the weight calculating subunit is used for calculating the weight of the state parameter and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
According to the method, the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line are obtained, the optical signals of the optical cable transmission line are collected, the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line are calculated according to the optical signals and the structural parameters, then the outlier density of the state parameters is calculated, and when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density, an early warning signal is sent out to remind a worker to take corresponding measures to overhaul the transmission line. According to the method, the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line are calculated according to the structural parameters and the optical signals of the optical cable transmission line, then the outlier density of the state parameters is calculated, whether the optical cable transmission line has the ice shedding jump risk or not is judged according to the outlier density of the state parameters, and the judgment is more accurate compared with manual experience judgment. The method solves the problems that monitoring of the cable transmission line excessively depends on experience of field testers, and monitoring accuracy of the transmission line ice shedding jump is low, and achieves the effect of accurately monitoring the ice shedding jump condition of the transmission line.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an optical cable transmission line monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of another method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system for collecting optical signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method included in S430 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical cable transmission line monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical cable transmission line monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an optical cable transmission line monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where this embodiment is applicable to a monitoring situation of a transmission line provided with an optical cable, and the method may be executed by an optical cable transmission line monitoring apparatus, and specifically includes the following steps:
and S110, obtaining structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line.
The Optical cable transmission line is a transmission line provided with an Optical cable, the Optical cable transmission line can be an Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW), the OPGW Optical cable is a Composite Overhead Ground Wire integrating a Ground Wire and a communication function, the Optical Fiber is placed in the Ground Wire of the Overhead high-voltage transmission line to form an Optical Fiber communication network on the transmission line, the structural form has the double functions of the Ground Wire and the communication, and the Optical cables adopted by a plurality of lines in the existing power system are built. For example, the obtaining of the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line is to extract the structural parameters of all optical cable transmission lines from a Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) of the power grid, where the Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) is a new generation of power grid dynamic monitoring and control System formed based on a synchrophasor technology.
Optionally, the structural parameters include at least: the number of steps, the span, the type of the wire and the dead weight of the wire of the optical cable transmission line.
Specifically, the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line include the number of poles and towers corresponding to the wires in the optical cable transmission line and the span between adjacent poles and towers, that is, the number of the wires and the length of the wires can be obtained, the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line further include the type and the self weight of the wires, and further include other structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line, which can be specifically determined according to the actual situation, and this embodiment is not limited.
And S120, collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line.
The optical signal of the optical cable transmission line can reflect the state of the optical cable transmission line, and the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line is collected so as to monitor the optical cable transmission line. The optical signal of the optical cable transmission line is collected by collecting scattered light characteristic quantities such as the collection time, the phase, the polarization state, the wavelength and the intensity of the scattered light of the optical cable transmission line. For example, the collected optical signal may be collected by combining multiple distributed sensing technologies, and a specific collection manner may be determined according to an actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
And S130, calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters.
Specifically, the optical signal is processed, for example, demodulated, for example, by means of a Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method, or a whitening process, so as to extract a main feature of the optical signal. And then, calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line by combining the demodulated optical signals with the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line.
And S140, calculating the outlier density of the state parameter.
Illustratively, the Outlier density of the state parameter may be calculated using an Outlier detection algorithm (LOF), which is an anomaly detection algorithm that essentially looks for a meaningful deviation between the observed and reference values, primarily for the purpose of detecting anomalous data that differs significantly from normal data behavior or characteristic attributes. And calculating the outlier density of the state parameter to obtain whether the state parameter is abnormal.
S150, when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density, an early warning signal is sent out.
Specifically, the outlier density of the state parameter is compared with the critical outlier density, when the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density, the state parameter is indicated to be abnormally too large, namely the optical cable transmission line possibly has safety risks and possibly has ice shedding jump risks, and at the moment, an early warning signal is sent out to remind a worker to take corresponding measures to overhaul the transmission line.
According to the technical scheme, the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line are obtained, the optical signals of the optical cable transmission line are collected, the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line are calculated according to the optical signals and the structural parameters, then the outlier density of the state parameters is calculated, and when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density, an early warning signal is sent out to remind a worker to take corresponding measures to overhaul the transmission line. According to the technical scheme, the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line are calculated according to the structural parameters and the optical signals of the optical cable transmission line, then the outlier density of the state parameters is calculated, whether the optical cable transmission line has the ice shedding jump risk or not is judged according to the outlier density of the state parameters, and the judgment is more accurate compared with manual experience judgment. The technical scheme of this embodiment has solved the monitoring of cable transmission line and has excessively relied on-the-spot test personnel experience, to the lower problem of the monitoring accuracy of transmission line deicing jump, has reached the effect of accurate monitoring transmission line's deicing jump condition.
On the basis of the above technical solution, this embodiment is further detailed for S150 in the above embodiment, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of another method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, referring to fig. 2, the method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line includes:
s210, obtaining structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line.
S220, collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line.
And S230, calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters.
And S240, calculating the outlier density of the state parameter.
And S250, when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density, carrying out risk grade evaluation.
Specifically, when the outlier density of the state parameter of the optical cable transmission line exceeds the critical discrete density, it indicates that the optical cable transmission line may have the risk of ice shedding jump, and then, the risk level evaluation is performed according to the state parameter of the optical cable transmission line, and the risk level of the optical cable transmission line is determined, where the risk level may be divided into four levels or other levels, for example, and the embodiment is not limited.
Optionally, performing a risk rating assessment comprises: and calculating the weight of the state parameter, and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
Illustratively, the weight of the state parameter can be calculated by a hierarchy-entropy combination method, the subjective weight can be determined by using a hierarchy analysis method, the objective weight can be determined by using an entropy weight method, and the subjective weight and the objective weight can also be calculated by using a least square combination method to obtain the comprehensive weight. And forming an index data matrix by combining the state parameters and the comprehensive weight, quantifying the risk score of the power transmission line, and dividing the ice shedding jump risk level of the power transmission line according to the risk score, wherein the ice shedding jump risk level can be divided into 4 risk levels. Table 1 shows the deicing jump risk quantitative classification of the optical cable transmission line, referring to table 1, when the risk score H satisfies 0< H <0.53, the risk classification is 1 grade; when the risk score H satisfies 0.53< H <0.71, the risk rating is level 2; when the risk score H satisfies 0.71< H <0.89, the risk rating is 3; when the risk score H satisfies 0.89< H <1, the risk rating is four. The staff can make corresponding measure according to different risk grades to prevent that optical cable transmission line from taking place the jump of deicing.
TABLE 1 deicing jump risk quantitative classification for optical cable transmission lines
| Risk rating | Class I | Class II | Class III | IV stage |
| H | 0～0.53 | 0.53～0.71 | 0.71～0.89 | 0.89～1 |
And S260, sending out an early warning signal when the risk level is greater than the level threshold.
Specifically, when the risk level is greater than the level threshold value, the risk level of the optical cable transmission line is high, the maintenance is required, and at the moment, an early warning signal is sent out to remind a worker to take corresponding measures. Illustratively, the risk level is four levels, the level threshold value is 2, and when the risk level of the optical cable transmission line is greater than 2, early warning is performed. For example, different risk levels may correspond to different reminding information, so that the staff may take corresponding measures, for example, when the risk level is 1, the staff may not take measures; when the risk level is 2, paying attention to the staff, and paying attention to the optical cable transmission line with the risk level of 2; when the risk level is 3, an early warning signal is sent out, and a worker can track and observe in time to prevent the situation from deteriorating; when the risk level is 4, further send out early warning signal, the staff cuts off the power supply immediately and overhauls. Therefore, the monitoring of the optical cable transmission line is realized, the deicing jump risk is prevented, the maintenance strategy can be pointed according to the risk grade, and the optical cable transmission line with the risk is maintained in time to prevent major safety accidents.
Optionally, when the risk level is greater than the level threshold, the risk position is located after the early warning signal is sent.
Specifically, when the risk level is greater than the level threshold value, it is indicated that the optical cable transmission line has the risk of ice shedding jump, and at this time, the optical cable transmission line with the risk is positioned. For example, the position of the optical cable transmission line with risk can be calculated by calculating the time for collecting the optical signal.
On the basis of the above technical solution, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, referring to fig. 3, the method for monitoring an optical cable transmission line includes:
s310, acquiring historical parameter information of the optical cable transmission line from a historical database; the historical parameter information comprises historical load parameters and historical environment parameters, the historical load parameters comprise historical first load parameters and historical second load parameters, the historical first load parameters at least comprise historical line tension, the historical second load parameters at least comprise historical icing thickness and historical deicing rate, and the historical environment parameters at least comprise historical temperature, historical wind speed and historical wind direction.
Specifically, the historical database is, for example, a wide-area measurement system of the power grid, and may be other systems, and the historical database includes all information of all the optical cable transmission lines, so that historical parameter information of the optical cable transmission lines may be obtained. The historical parameter information can comprise historical load parameters and historical environment parameters of the optical cable transmission line, and the historical first load parameters comprise historical line tension and can also comprise stress information of other lines; the historical second load parameters include, for example, historical icing thickness and historical deicing rate; the historical environmental parameters may include, for example, historical temperature, historical wind speed, and historical wind direction, and the historical parameter information may include other parameter information, which is not limited in this embodiment. And obtaining historical parameter information, namely obtaining the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line when the ice shedding jump occurs, thereby obtaining the ice shedding jump under what conditions the optical cable transmission line can occur.
And S320, calculating the critical outlier density according to the historical parameter information.
Specifically, the critical outlier density, that is, the critical outlier density corresponding to the state parameter when the optical cable transmission line may have ice shedding jump, may be calculated according to the historical parameter information by using the outlier detection algorithm, and the state of the optical cable transmission line may be determined by calculating the critical outlier density, so as to determine whether the optical cable transmission line has the risk of ice shedding jump.
And S330, obtaining the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line.
And S340, collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line.
And S350, calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters.
And S360, calculating the outlier density of the state parameter.
And S370, sending out an early warning signal when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density.
On the basis of the above technical solution, this embodiment is further detailed with respect to S130 in the above embodiment, and fig. 4 is a flowchart of another optical cable transmission line monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, referring to fig. 4, the optical cable transmission line monitoring method includes:
and S410, obtaining structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line.
And S420, collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line.
Optionally, the step S420 of collecting the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line includes: and collecting a first optical signal, a second optical signal and a third optical signal of the optical cable transmission line.
Specifically, a first optical signal, a second optical signal and a third optical signal of the optical cable transmission line are collected, that is, three kinds of scattered light of the optical cable transmission line are collected, and the three kinds of scattered light are raman scattered light, brillouin scattered light and rayleigh scattered light, for example. For example, the first optical signal may be acquired by using a Φ -OTDR module based on backward rayleigh scattering, the second optical signal may be acquired by using a ROTDR module based on backward raman scattering, and the third optical signal may be acquired by using a BOTDR module based on backward brillouin scattering. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for collecting optical signals according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, a Φ -OTDR module based on backward rayleigh scattering includes an electro-optical modulator, a pulse light source of a semiconductor laser, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), a polarizer, an optical circulator, a polarization beam splitter, two photodetectors, and a data acquisition card, where an optical pulse is injected into an optical cable through the optical circulator and a wavelength division multiplexer, the optical pulse generates backward-transmitted rayleigh backward scattered light while being forward-transmitted, and then the rayleigh backward scattered light is divided into o light and e light through the polarization beam splitter by the same optical circulator, and then introduced into the photodetectors, and then a first optical signal can be collected by the data acquisition card. Referring to fig. 5, the ROTDR module based on backward raman scattering includes a pulse code modulator, an HMS high-speed pulse light source, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), an optical circulator, a filter, two photodetectors, and a data acquisition card, wherein pulsed light emitted from the HMS high-speed pulse light source is amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and is injected into the optical cable through the optical circulator, the time-division multiplexer, and the wavelength-division multiplexer, and a scattered light signal in the optical cable passes through the time-division multiplexer and the wavelength-division multiplexer, so that useless light signals such as brillouin scattering and rayleigh scattering are filtered, only Stokes (Stokes) and Anti-Stokes (Anti-Stokes) light signals of raman scattering are left, and the Stokes and Anti-Stokes scattered light signals are converted into corresponding voltage signals, and are acquired by the data acquisition card, so that a second light signal can be acquired. BOTDR module based on backward Brillouin scattering includes pulse code modulator, distributed feedback laser instrument (DFB laser instrument), mix bait fiber amplifier (EDFA), the optical circulator, binary channels photoelectric converter (APD), photoelectric detector and data acquisition card, send out laser through the DFB laser instrument, laser process optical circulator, time division multiplexer and wavelength division multiplexer get into the optical cable, spontaneous production backward Brillouin scattering in the optical cable, form Brillouin light, pass through binary channels photoelectric converter (APD) through the optical circulator, among the photoelectric detector again, data acquisition card can gather the third light signal. In addition, the frequency spectrums and the amplitudes of the three optical signals are different, so that the three optical signals can be effectively distinguished according to the frequency spectrums.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 5, the system for acquiring optical signals may further include an upper computer module, where the upper computer module includes a virtual oscilloscope, a waveform analysis and signal processor, and a feature identifier, the virtual oscilloscope may display the acquired optical signals, the waveform analysis and signal processor may process the acquired optical signals, and the feature identifier may extract, identify, and display feature quantities in the optical signals.
Optionally, the system for collecting optical signals may further include a low voltage dc power supply (not shown in the figure), and the low voltage dc power supply may supply power to the electric equipment in the system for collecting optical signals. The system for collecting the optical signals further comprises a frequency shift optical modulation module and an optical signal coherence detection module (not shown in the figure), wherein a semiconductor laser pulse light source, an HMS high-speed pulse light source and a distributed feedback laser generate polarization-free frequency shift base light, one path of the base light is modulated into pulse light with regular light intensity and frequency characteristics by an electro-optical modulator or a pulse code modulator, the pulse light is transmitted along an OPGW optical cable, and Rayleigh scattering, Raman scattering and Brillouin scattering are generated when the pulse light is changed due to ice removal jumping, namely three optical signals are generated; and the other path of the pulse light generates spectral frequency shift through a frequency shift light modulation module, and three types of back-scattered pulse light enter an optical signal coherent detection module for coherent detection and photoelectric conversion to be converted into electric signals, and then the calculation and analysis of the optical signals are realized through signal processing to obtain state parameters of the optical cable transmission line, so that the deicing jump information of the optical cable transmission line is obtained.
S430, calculating current environment parameters and current first load parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals, wherein the current environment parameters at least comprise current temperature, current wind direction and current wind speed, and the current first load parameters at least comprise current line tension.
Specifically, the optical signal is subjected to signal processing, and after analog-to-digital conversion, filtering, amplification and accumulation processing are performed on the optical signal, the optical characteristic quantity contained in the optical signal is demodulated, so that the current temperature, the current wind direction and the current wind speed of the optical cable transmission line can be calculated, and the current environmental parameters of the optical cable transmission line can be obtained. The current line tension of the optical cable power transmission line can be calculated, and the current first load parameter of the optical cable power transmission line can be obtained.
S440, calculating a current second load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the structural parameter, the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter, wherein the current second load parameter at least comprises the icing thickness and the deicing rate.
Specifically, a model is established according to the structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line, the current temperature, the current wind direction, the current wind speed and the current line tension to calculate the ice coating thickness and the ice shedding rate of the optical cable transmission line, the specific calculation model can be determined according to the actual situation, and the embodiment is not limited. The ice coating thickness and the ice shedding rate of the optical cable transmission line can be used for effectively judging whether the optical cable transmission line has the risk of ice shedding jump.
S450, calculating the outlier density of the state parameter.
And S460, sending out an early warning signal when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density.
In view of the above implementation, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method included in S430 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, optionally, the calculating, by S430, the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal includes:
and S431, calculating the current vibration frequency of the optical cable transmission line according to the first optical signal, and acquiring the current wind direction and the current wind speed according to the current vibration frequency.
Specifically, the first optical signal is subjected to signal processing, the vibration frequency information of the optical cable transmission line can be determined by demodulating the optical power phase of the first optical signal, and the current wind direction and the current wind speed can be calculated according to the vibration frequency information of the optical cable transmission line, so that the current environmental parameters are calculated.
And S432, calculating the current temperature of the optical cable transmission line according to the second optical signal.
Specifically, the second optical signal is subjected to signal processing, and the current temperature of the optical cable transmission line can be obtained by demodulating the ratio of stokes to anti-stokes light of the second optical signal, so that the current environmental parameter is calculated.
And S433, calculating the current line tension of the optical cable transmission line according to the third optical signal.
Specifically, the third optical signal is subjected to signal processing, the current line tension and the current temperature of the optical cable transmission line can be obtained by demodulating the optical frequency shift information of the third optical signal, the current temperature information is removed, the current tension of the optical cable transmission line can be obtained, and therefore the current first load parameter is calculated.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical cable transmission line monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 7, the optical cable transmission line monitoring device includes:
the structural parameter acquiring module 710 is configured to acquire a structural parameter of the optical cable transmission line;
the optical signal acquisition module 720 is used for acquiring optical signals of the optical cable transmission line;
the signal processing module 730 is used for calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters;
an outlier density calculation module 740 for calculating an outlier density of the state parameter;
and the early warning module 750 is configured to send an early warning signal when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density.
The optical cable transmission line monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the optical cable transmission line monitoring method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. The implementation principle and technical effect of the optical cable transmission line monitoring device provided by the embodiment are similar to those of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical cable transmission line monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, referring to fig. 8, the early warning module 750 includes:
a risk level evaluation unit 751 for performing risk level evaluation when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density;
the early warning unit 752 is configured to send out an early warning signal when the risk level is greater than the level threshold.
Optionally, the risk level evaluation unit 751 comprises:
and the weight calculating subunit is used for calculating the weight of the state parameter and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
Optionally, the optical cable transmission line monitoring device further includes:
the historical parameter information acquisition module is used for acquiring historical parameter information of the optical cable transmission line from a historical database; the historical parameter information comprises historical load parameters and historical environment parameters, the historical load parameters comprise historical first load parameters and historical second load parameters, the historical first load parameters at least comprise historical line tension, the historical second load parameters at least comprise historical icing thickness and historical deicing rate, and the historical environment parameters at least comprise historical temperature, historical wind speed and historical wind direction;
and the critical outlier density calculating module is used for calculating the critical outlier density according to the historical parameter information.
Optionally, the signal processing module 730 is specifically configured to calculate a current environmental parameter and a current first load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal, where the current environmental parameter at least includes a current temperature, a current wind direction, and a current wind speed, and the current first load parameter at least includes a current line tension; and calculating a current second load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the structural parameter, the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter, wherein the current second load parameter at least comprises the icing thickness and the deicing rate.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical cable transmission line monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line;
collecting optical signals of the optical cable transmission line;
calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters;
calculating an outlier density of the state parameter;
and sending out an early warning signal when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density.
2. The optical cable transmission line monitoring method of claim 1, wherein when determining that the outlier density exceeds a critical outlier density, sending an early warning signal comprises:
when determining that the outlier density exceeds the critical outlier density, performing risk grade evaluation;
and when the risk level is greater than a level threshold value, sending out an early warning signal.
3. The optical cable transmission line monitoring method of claim 2, wherein performing risk level assessment comprises:
and calculating the weight of the state parameter, and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
4. The method for monitoring the optical cable transmission line according to claim 1, further comprising, before collecting the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line:
acquiring historical parameter information of the optical cable transmission line from a historical database; the historical parameter information comprises historical load parameters and historical environment parameters, the historical load parameters comprise historical first load parameters and historical second load parameters, the historical first load parameters at least comprise historical line tension, the historical second load parameters at least comprise historical icing thickness and historical deicing rate, and the historical environment parameters at least comprise historical temperature, historical wind speed and historical wind direction;
and calculating the critical outlier density according to the historical parameter information.
5. The method for monitoring the optical cable transmission line according to claim 1, wherein calculating the state parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal and the structural parameter comprises:
calculating current environmental parameters and current first load parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals, wherein the current environmental parameters at least comprise current temperature, current wind direction and current wind speed, and the current first load parameters at least comprise current line tension;
and calculating a current second load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the structural parameter, the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter, wherein the current second load parameter at least comprises the icing thickness and the deicing rate.
6. The optical cable transmission line monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein collecting the optical signal of the optical cable transmission line comprises:
collecting a first optical signal, a second optical signal and a third optical signal of the optical cable transmission line;
calculating the current environmental parameter and the current first load parameter of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signal comprises the following steps:
calculating the current vibration frequency of the optical cable transmission line according to the first optical signal, and acquiring the current wind direction and the current wind speed according to the current vibration frequency;
calculating the current temperature of the optical cable transmission line according to the second optical signal;
and calculating the current line tension of the optical cable transmission line according to the third optical signal.
7. The optical cable transmission line monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the structural parameters at least include: the number of steps, the span, the type of the wire and the dead weight of the wire of the optical cable transmission line.
8. An optical cable transmission line monitoring device, characterized by comprising:
the structural parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring structural parameters of the optical cable transmission line;
the optical signal acquisition module is used for acquiring optical signals of the optical cable transmission line;
the signal processing module is used for calculating the state parameters of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical signals and the structural parameters;
the outlier density calculating module is used for calculating the outlier density of the state parameter;
and the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density.
9. The optical cable transmission line monitoring device of claim 8, wherein the early warning module comprises:
the risk grade evaluation unit is used for evaluating the risk grade when the outlier density is determined to exceed the critical outlier density;
and the early warning unit is used for sending out an early warning signal when the risk level is greater than the level threshold.
10. The optical cable transmission line monitoring device according to claim 9, wherein the risk level evaluation unit includes:
and the weight calculating subunit is used for calculating the weight of the state parameter and evaluating the risk level according to the weight.
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