CN113324771A - Train line resistance simulation test system and test method - Google Patents
Train line resistance simulation test system and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a train line resistance simulation test system which comprises a control unit, a load unit, an inertia flywheel and a signal acquisition unit, wherein one end of the inertia flywheel is connected with a measured train through a rail wheel, and the load unit is connected with the other end of the inertia flywheel; the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the state information of the rail wheels, and the control unit controls the load unit to output a load value matched with the resistance of the train line according to the state information. The invention also discloses a test method, which comprises the following steps: s01, selecting an inertia flywheel matched with the train; s02, the train runs according to a preset speed curve, the state information of the train rail wheels is collected, and the running resistance of the train is obtained according to the state information; and S03, controlling the load unit to output a load matched with the preset running resistance of the train according to the difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in the step S02. The scheme has the advantages of simple structure, high accuracy of test results, high safety and reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of train running resistance simulation, in particular to a train line resistance simulation test system and a test method.
Background
At present, an alternating current transmission technology is widely adopted in a transmission system of a rail transit vehicle, in the design process of the alternating current traction transmission system of the rail transit vehicle, in order to save design cost and improve design efficiency, a design scheme of the alternating current traction transmission system of the rail transit vehicle generally needs to be simulated and detected through a ground combined joint debugging system, defects and deficiencies in the design scheme are found out through simulation and detection, and therefore system performance of the design scheme of the alternating current traction transmission system is verified, and the designed performance of the alternating current traction transmission system of the rail transit vehicle can meet operation requirements.
The line resistance simulation is mainly used for simulating the running resistance working condition of a tested train in a certain specified actual line on a rolling test bed so as to test the performance and the running reliability of the tested train. From the dynamic analysis of train running, the train resistance needing to be simulated on the rolling platform comprises the line running resistance and the inertia of the train during starting acceleration and braking deceleration resistance.
In order to accurately restore the real working condition of a train in operation, the control of angular acceleration is adopted in the prior scheme to realize the simulation of electric inertia, and a direct measurement method of the angular acceleration is of a piezoresistive type, a piezoelectric type and a liquid ring type, but no mature sensor product installed on an industrial mechanical rotating shaft exists at present. The indirect measurement is to estimate the angular acceleration by differentiating the rotation speed, but the differentiation operation amplifies the noise in the rotation speed signal, and the filtering process lags the phase, resulting in dynamic measurement error.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a train line resistance simulation test system and a test method which are simple in structure, high in test precision and high in safety and reliability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a train line resistance simulation test system comprises a control unit, a load unit, an inertia flywheel and a signal acquisition unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the signal acquisition unit and the load unit; one end of the inertia flywheel is connected with a measured train wheel pair through a rail wheel, and the load unit is connected with the other end of the inertia flywheel; the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the state information of the rail wheels and sending the state information to the control unit, and the control unit controls the load unit to output a load value matched with the resistance of the train line according to the state information.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the load unit is connected to a dc power grid for providing energy of the train to be tested, and is used for feeding back the energy generated by the test to the dc power grid.
The invention also discloses a test method based on the train line resistance simulation test system, which comprises the following steps:
s01, before the test starts, selecting an inertia flywheel matched with the train;
s02, starting a test, wherein in the process that the train runs according to a preset speed curve, the signal acquisition unit acquires the state information of the train track wheels and obtains the running resistance of the train according to the state information;
s03, controlling the load unit to output a load matched with the preset running resistance of the train according to the difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in the step S02; wherein the preset running resistance corresponds to a preset speed curve.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S03, a corresponding torque set value is output according to a difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in step S02, and a load motor in the load unit is controlled to output according to the torque set value.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the output current of the load motor is detected in real time, and current closed-loop control is performed according to the output current so as to realize torque closed-loop control of the load motor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S02, the state information includes a rotation speed and a torque.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S02, the train speed is closed-loop controlled according to the detected rotation speed signal.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S02, a corresponding preset speed curve is generated according to train condition information, road condition information and simulated route information; wherein the train condition information comprises the quality of a motor train, the quality of a trailer and the number of train vehicles; the road condition information includes a slope and a curve radius.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S02, the running resistance W includes a train basic resistance WOAnd additional resistance W of trainj，W＝W0+Wj。
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the basic resistance of the train
W0＝{(1.65+0.0247×v)×Mm+(0.78+0.0028×v)×Mt+[0.028+0.0078×(N-1)]×v×v}×9.81×0.001
Wherein: mmMass t, M of motor train unitt-trailer mass t, v-train speed km/h, N-number of train vehicles;
the train additional resistance Wj＝ωj×Mm×g×0.001
Wherein: omegaj-train unit additional resistance, unit N/kN; mm-motor car mass, in units t; g is the acceleration of gravity;
wherein the train unit additional resistance is:
ωj＝ωi+ωr+ωs
wherein: omegai-ramp additional resistance in N/kN; omegar-curve additional resistance, in N/kN; omegas-tunnel additional air resistance in N/kN; ramp additional resistance: omegaiI, where i is slope;
curve additional resistance: omega when the radius r of the curve is 0r0; when the radius r of the curve is not 0, ωr＝600/r；
Tunnel additional air resistance: omegas0.00013 × s, where s is the tunnel length.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the train line resistance simulation test system simulates the running of a train on an infinite straight track through a track wheel, realizes traction running and control through an urban rail train driving system at the opposite side of the wheel, and simulates the running resistance of the train through a load unit at the side of the track wheel; inertia of the train in the operation process is simulated through the inertia flywheel, only the equivalent inertia flywheel matched with the train needs to be selected, compared with the existing electric inertia mode, the inertia flywheel type train inertia test system does not need to be controlled, corresponding signal detection is not needed, and the whole system is simple in structure, and high in test accuracy and safety and reliability.
(2) According to the train line resistance simulation test system, test energy is fed back to the direct current power grid through the direct current power grid via the urban rail train electric transmission system and the load unit, so that energy feedback is realized, and the energy consumption of the whole system is low.
(3) According to the test method, the inertia flywheel matched with the train is selected to simulate the inertia of the train in the running process, so that only the line running resistance needs to be regulated and controlled, and the corresponding control method is simpler; when the control of the running resistance of the line is carried out, the torque closed-loop control is carried out on the load motor by acquiring the state information of the train, so that the load output by the whole load motor is matched with the speed curve, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
(4) According to the test method, the corresponding torque set value is output according to the difference value between the preset running resistance and the running resistance of the train, and the load motor in the load unit is controlled to output according to the torque set value; meanwhile, the output current of the load motor is detected in real time, current closed-loop control is performed according to the output current, and finally torque closed-loop control of the load motor is achieved, so that the test precision is improved.
(5) According to the test method, the line running resistance is obtained through calculation of the rotating speed signal and the torque signal, then the line running resistance is converted into the torque set value of the load motor, and the torque closed-loop control is performed according to the torque set value, so that the load motor can accurately output the corresponding line running resistance, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.
(6) The test method of the invention generates a corresponding preset speed curve according to the train condition information, the road condition information and the simulation line information; the train operates according to presetting the speed curve, carries out closed-loop control to train speed according to the rotational speed signal that signal acquisition unit detected simultaneously to guarantee that the train can be accurate operate according to presetting the speed curve, further improve the accurate nature of follow-up test result.
(7) The test system and the method are realized by adopting a mode of direct torque feedback control of the load motor, the urban rail train runs according to a simulated vehicle speed curve in a speed closed loop mode, the safety and the reliability of the whole simulation test system are ensured, the occurrence of a runaway phenomenon is avoided, the running resistance working condition in a certain specified actual line can be simulated on a rack, a real vehicle test is replaced by a laboratory test system, the real environment of real vehicle running is achieved under the laboratory condition, effective experimental basis is provided for improving the system structure and the control method of the traction transmission system, the development period and the cost of a new product can be greatly shortened, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. a train wheel set; 2. a rail wheel; 3. a signal acquisition unit; 4. an inertia flywheel; 5. a load unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments of the description.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the train line resistance simulation test system of the present embodiment includes a control unit, a load unit 5, an inertia flywheel 4 and a signal acquisition unit 3, where the control unit is connected to the signal acquisition unit 3 and the load unit 5 respectively; one end of an inertia flywheel 4 is connected with the measured train wheel pair 1 through a rail wheel 2, and a load unit 5 is connected with the other end of the inertia flywheel 4; the signal acquisition unit 3 is used for acquiring the state information of the rail wheel 2 and sending the state information to the control unit, and the control unit controls the load unit 5 to output a load value matched with the resistance of the train line according to the state information, so that the simulation test of the resistance of the train line is realized.
The train line resistance simulation test system simulates the running of a train on an infinite straight track through the track wheel 2, realizes traction running and control through an urban rail train on the opposite side of the wheel, and simulates the running resistance of the train through the load unit 5 on the track wheel 2 side; inertia of the train in the operation process is simulated through the inertia flywheel 4, only an equivalent inertia flywheel matched with the train needs to be selected, compared with the existing electric inertia mode, the inertia flywheel is not required to be controlled, corresponding signal detection is not required, and the whole system is simple in structure, and higher in test accuracy and reliability.
In the embodiment, a power supply is provided for the tested vehicle through the direct current power grid, so that traction and braking control of the tested vehicle is realized; the load unit 5 comprises a load motor and a load motor controller, and the load unit 5 is connected with a direct current power grid; the signal acquisition unit 3 adopts a torque meter and is arranged between the inertia flywheel and the track wheel 2. During testing, the test sample car gets electricity from the pantograph, the traction motor of the test sample car is controlled to operate to drive the sample car wheel pair to rotate, the sample car wheel pair drives the track wheel 2 to rotate, the track wheel 2 is connected with the inertia flywheel 4, the rotating speed is increased to drive the load motor to rotate, and at the moment, the load motor operates in a power generation state to provide counter torque and simulate the line operation resistance. The test energy is fed back to the direct current power grid through the electric transmission system of the urban rail train and the load unit 5 through the direct current power grid, so that energy feedback is realized, and the energy consumption of the whole system is low.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention also correspondingly discloses a test method based on the train line resistance simulation test system, which comprises the following steps:
s01, before the test starts, selecting an inertia flywheel 4 matched with the train, wherein the inertia flywheel 4 can adopt an adjustable inertia flywheel 4, and selecting a corresponding gear to be matched with the train;
s02, starting a test, enabling the train to run according to a preset speed curve, and acquiring the state information of the train track wheels 2 by the signal acquisition unit 3 in the running process of the train and obtaining the running resistance of the train according to the state information;
s03, controlling the load unit 5 to output a load matched with the preset running resistance of the train according to the difference value between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in the step S02; wherein the preset running resistance corresponds to a preset speed curve.
Specifically, the urban rail train is manually operated through a traction/brake handle of a driver console to control the running speed of the train or automatically runs according to a speed curve by importing vehicle speed curve data, and a traction transmission control system of the urban rail train works in a torque control speed amplitude limiting mode; and (2) adopting a torque control shaft control mode, and giving a resisting torque in real time according to a given resisting torque/displacement curve, wherein the displacement curve corresponds to a speed curve, namely the corresponding resisting torque (namely the line running resistance) corresponds to the speed curve. Meanwhile, in order to simplify the train resistance model and facilitate implementation, the resistance moment simulated by the whole urban rail train is uniformly distributed to each shaft.
According to the test method, the inertia flywheel 4 matched with the train is selected to simulate the inertia of the train in the running process, so that only the line running resistance needs to be regulated and controlled, and the corresponding control method is simpler; when the control of the running resistance of the line is carried out, the torque closed-loop control is carried out on the load motor by acquiring the state information of the train, so that the load output by the whole load motor is matched with the speed curve, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
In this embodiment, in step S03, a corresponding torque set value is output according to a difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in step S02, and the load motor in the load unit 5 is controlled to output according to the torque set value; meanwhile, the output current of the load motor is detected in real time, current closed-loop control is performed according to the output current, and finally torque closed-loop control of the load motor is achieved, so that the test precision is improved.
In this embodiment, in step S02, the state information includes a rotation speed signal and a torque signal, and the line running resistance, that is, the train basic resistance and the train additional resistance, is calculated from the rotation speed signal and the torque signal and then converted into a torque set value of the load motor, and the torque set value is subjected to torque closed-loop control according to the method, so that the load motor can accurately output the corresponding line running resistance, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.
In this embodiment, in step S02, a corresponding preset speed curve is generated according to the train condition information, the road condition information, and the simulation route information; the train condition information comprises the quality of a motor train, the quality of a trailer and the number of train vehicles; the road condition information comprises a slope and a curve radius; analog line information such as the uplink of a-B sites; when the train is in specific operation, the train operates according to a preset speed curve, and meanwhile, closed-loop control is performed on the train speed according to the rotating speed signal detected by the signal acquisition unit 3, so that the train can accurately operate according to the preset speed curve, and the accuracy of a follow-up test result is further improved.
In the embodiment, the safety protection of the system is carried out through the collected data such as torque, rotating speed and the like, and when the data exceeds a threshold value, a protection action is triggered to ensure the safety of the system; the speed running curve of the vehicle and the torque curve simulated by the line resistance can be synchronously tracked and recorded in the test process.
In this embodiment, the loading simulation of the load resistance of the urban rail vehicle is to calculate the basic train resistance of the train running according to the rotation speed signal collected by the signal collecting unit 3, calculate the additional train resistance according to the position signal converted from the mileage signal (contained in the displacement curve, i.e. the information contained in the preset speed curve), and synthesize the basic train resistance and the additional train resistance to obtain the final line running resistance under actual conditions,
the running resistance W includes the basic train resistance WOAnd additional resistance W of trainj，
W＝W0+Wj；
Basic resistance of train
W0＝{(1.65+0.0247×v)×Mm+(0.78+0.0028×v)×Mt+[0.028+0.0078×(N-1)]×v×v}×9.81×0.001
Wherein: mmMass t, M of motor train unitt-trailer mass t, v-train speed km/h, N-number of train vehicles;
additional resistance W of trainj＝ωj×Mm×g×0.001
Wherein: omegaj-train unit additional resistance, unit N/kN; mm-motor car mass, in units t; g is the acceleration of gravity;
wherein the train unit additional resistance is:
ωj＝ωi+ωr+ωs
wherein: omegai-ramp additional resistance in N/kN; omegar-curve additional resistance, in N/kN; omegas-tunnel additional air resistance in N/kN; ramp additional resistance: omegaiI, where i is slope;
curve additional resistance: omega when the radius r of the curve is 0r0; when the radius r of the curve is not 0, ωr＝600/r；
Tunnel additional air resistance: omegas0.00013 × s, where s is the tunnel length.
The test system and the method are realized by adopting a mode of direct torque feedback control of the load motor, the urban rail train runs according to a simulated vehicle speed curve in a speed closed loop mode, the safety and the reliability of the whole simulation test system are ensured, the occurrence of a runaway phenomenon is avoided, the running resistance working condition in a certain specified actual line can be simulated on a rack, a real vehicle test is replaced by a laboratory test system, the real environment of real vehicle running is achieved under the laboratory condition, effective experimental basis is provided for improving the system structure and the control method of the traction transmission system, the development period and the cost of a new product can be greatly shortened, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is greatly improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A train line resistance simulation test system is characterized by comprising a control unit, a load unit (5), an inertia flywheel (4) and a signal acquisition unit (3), wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the signal acquisition unit (3) and the load unit (5); one end of the inertia flywheel (4) is connected with the train wheel pair (1) to be tested through a rail wheel (2), and the load unit (5) is connected with the other end of the inertia flywheel (4); the signal acquisition unit (3) is used for acquiring the state information of the rail wheel (2) and sending the state information to the control unit, and the control unit controls the load unit (5) to output a load value matched with the resistance of the train line according to the state information.
2. The trainline resistance simulation test system according to claim 1, wherein the load unit (5) is connected to a dc grid for supplying energy of the train to be tested, and for feeding back the energy generated by the test to the dc grid.
3. A test method based on the train-line resistance simulation test system of claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s01, before the test starts, selecting an inertia flywheel (4) matched with the train;
s02, starting a test, and acquiring the state information of the train track wheel (2) by the signal acquisition unit (3) in the process that the train runs according to a preset speed curve, and acquiring the running resistance of the train according to the state information;
s03, controlling the load unit (5) to output a load matched with the preset running resistance of the train according to the difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in the step S02; wherein the preset running resistance corresponds to a preset speed curve.
4. The control method according to claim 3, characterized in that in step S03, a corresponding torque set value is outputted according to the difference between the preset running resistance of the train and the running resistance obtained in step S02, and the load motor in the load unit (5) is controlled to output according to the torque set value.
5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that the output current of the load motor is detected in real time, and current closed-loop control is performed according to the output current to realize torque closed-loop control of the load motor.
6. The control method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that in step S02, the state information includes rotation speed and torque.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein in step S02, the train speed is closed-loop controlled based on the detected rotation speed signal.
8. The control method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein in step S02, a corresponding preset speed curve is generated according to train condition information, road condition information and simulated route information; wherein the train condition information comprises the quality of a motor train, the quality of a trailer and the number of train vehicles; the road condition information includes a slope and a curve radius.
9. The control method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that in step S02, the running resistance W includes a train base resistance WOAnd additional resistance W of trainj，W＝W0+Wj。
10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that the train basic resistance W0＝{(1.65+0.0247×v)×Mm+(0.78+0.0028×v)×Mt+[0.028+0.0078×(N-1)]×v×v}×9.81×0.001
Wherein: mmMass t, M of motor train unitt-trailer mass t, v-train speed km/h, N-number of train vehicles;
the train additional resistance Wj＝ωj×Mm×g×0.001
Wherein: omegaj-train unit additional resistance, unit N/kN; mm-motor car mass, in units t; g is the acceleration of gravity;
wherein the train unit additional resistance is:
ωj＝ωi+ωr+ωs
wherein: omegai-ramp additional resistance in N/kN; omegar-curve additional resistance, in N/kN; omegas-tunnel additional air resistance in N/kN; ramp additional resistance: omegaiI, where i is slope;
curve additional resistance: omega when the radius r of the curve is 0r0; when the radius r of the curve is not 0, ωr＝600/r；
Tunnel additional air resistance: omegas0.00013 × s, where s is the tunnel length.
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| WO2024082382A1 (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-25 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Motor mutual driving-based rotation speed and torque control method, and related apparatus |
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