CN113323057B - Tamping method for side slope soil body - Google Patents
Tamping method for side slope soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113323057B CN113323057B CN202110683666.1A CN202110683666A CN113323057B CN 113323057 B CN113323057 B CN 113323057B CN 202110683666 A CN202110683666 A CN 202110683666A CN 113323057 B CN113323057 B CN 113323057B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/22—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/22—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling
- E02F5/223—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling for back-filling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/22—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling
- E02F5/223—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling for back-filling
- E02F5/226—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for making embankments; for back-filling for back-filling with means for processing the soil, e.g. screening belts, separators; Padding machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for tamping a side slope soil body, and belongs to the technical field of civil construction. The movable arm of the excavator is provided with a plurality of soil ramming devices, the soil ramming devices are horizontally distributed on the same straight line, and the soil ramming devices and the excavator are connected in the following way: fixing an installation plate parallel to the horizontal plane at the tail end of a movable arm of the excavator, fixing a shell of a speed reduction motor of each ramming device on the installation plate, and ramming the side slope under the condition that a self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod is vertical to the slope surface; translating the mounting plate from the lower position to the higher position of the side slope to finish tamping most of the area of the side slope; the tamping of the slope special-shaped area and the corner position is realized by adjusting the inclination angle of the mounting plate and the horizontal plane or reducing the number of the soil tamping devices on the mounting plate. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil construction, and relates to a method for tamping a side slope soil body.
Background
Ramming is the indispensable construction in the building process, and ramming is the process that makes the ram constantly vibrate from top to bottom and strike the ground and make the earth on ground tamped, and the on-spot large-scale ramming machine that all uses of general building, the ramming device that has vibrating structure of installation on the movable arm of excavator promptly, and the walking through the excavator is adjusted the ramming region territory, and this kind of vibrating ramming device has following shortcoming:
1. a large downward pressure (downward pressure vertical to a soil body plane) needs to be provided, namely, a movable arm of the excavator needs to apply a large impact force when moving the ramming device downwards so as to be matched with vibration to tamp the soil body, so that the energy consumption is large and the noise is large;
2. when soil body tamping is carried out on a slope surface, the external force applied to the vertical slope by an excavator cannot be too large, otherwise the excavator is easy to turn over laterally or backwards, as shown in fig. 4, the soil body tamping effect is poor, the slope needs to be tamped in sections under partial conditions, namely, a retaining wall of the slope is manufactured, then longitudinal soil tamping is carried out, all the slopes are tamped step by step, the constructed slope is in a step shape and needs to be backfilled and restored, the construction period is long, the cost is high, and the soil body tamping effect caused by multiple constructions is not ideal;
3. the existing soil ramming device has the defects that the thickness of a soil layer capable of being rammed is small, multiple times of soil filling and ramming are needed under partial conditions, and the efficiency is low;
4. the construction difficulty of the positions of the wall corner, the outer side of the column body and the like is high, the operation precision cannot be too high due to the fact that external force is applied by equipment such as an excavator and the like, and the manual handheld operation effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency soil compacting device aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the efficiency of compacting the soil body of the side slope, in particular to the compaction of the side slope with low-viscosity soil.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the method for compacting the soil body of the side slope is characterized in that a plurality of soil compacting devices are utilized, each soil compacting device comprises a speed reducing motor, a soil compacting disc, a self-tapping soil compacting screw and a plurality of backfilling screws, a connecting shaft is fixedly arranged between an output shaft of the speed reducing motor and the self-tapping soil compacting screw, the soil compacting discs are connected onto the connecting shaft through splines, each backfilling screw is uniformly arranged on the lower side surface of each soil compacting disc in the circumferential direction, each backfilling screw is rotatably connected onto an installation disc, the installation disc is rotatably connected to the outer edge of each soil compacting disc, a gear is fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the backfilling screws, and each soil compacting disc is provided with a transmission gear ring meshed with each gear; the inner end of the backfilling screw is positioned at the outer side of the upper end of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw;
the movable arm of the excavator is provided with a plurality of ramming devices, each ramming device is horizontally distributed on the same straight line, and the ramming devices are connected with the excavator in the following mode: fixing an installation plate parallel to the horizontal plane at the tail end of a movable arm of the excavator, fixing a shell of a speed reduction motor of each ramming device on the installation plate, and ramming the side slope under the condition that a self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod is vertical to the slope surface; translating the mounting plate from the lower position to the higher position of the side slope to finish tamping most of the side slope; the slope special-shaped area and the corner position are tamped by adjusting the inclination angle between the mounting plate and the horizontal plane or reducing the number of the soil tamping devices on the mounting plate.
Because of the forced guiding function of the backfilling screw on the soil, the landslide flow of the soil in the operation process can be greatly reduced in the side slope tamping operation process, and the self-tapping soil-pressing screw is used for compacting the soil body at a deeper position away from the surface of the side slope, so that the problems of side slope appearance change, soil body collapse and the like can be avoided; moreover, because the ramming device does not need large external force, can enter the soil layer through self tapping of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw rod, and generates large extrusion force on the soil body, a plurality of ramming devices can be simultaneously installed on one excavator, the efficiency is improved, the side turning and the backward turning of the excavator can not be caused, and the construction is safe and efficient.
Furthermore, a handheld frame is fixedly arranged on a shell of the speed reducing motor.
Furthermore, a mounting flange is arranged on a shell of the speed reducing motor.
Furthermore, the soil compacting disc is longitudinally connected to the connecting shaft in a sliding mode, and a buffer spring sleeved on the connecting shaft is arranged between the soil compacting disc and the shell of the speed reducing motor.
Furthermore, a limiting shaft sleeve positioned below the soil compacting plate is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft.
Furthermore, an inclination angle of 95-150 degrees is formed between the axis of the backfill screw and the axis of the self-tapping soil screw.
Furthermore, the soil compacting plate is in a cone shape, the diameter of the lower end of the soil compacting plate is smaller than that of the upper end of the soil compacting plate.
Further, the diameter of the spiral guide vane on the self-tapping soil-compacting screw is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the lower end of the self-tapping soil-compacting screw is provided with a positioning plug.
Furthermore, the diameter of the spiral guide vane on the backfill screw is gradually reduced from outside to inside.
The working principle is as follows: the shell of the speed reducing motor is fixed by a hand or is connected with a movable arm of the excavator, the positioning plug contacts with a soil layer firstly to position the self-tapping soil-compacting screw, the self-tapping soil-compacting screw can contact with the soil layer with smaller pressing force, when the self-tapping soil-compacting screw contacts with the soil layer, the self-tapping soil-compacting screw can actively enter the deep part of the soil layer through rotation, in the process, the soil compacting disc synchronously rotates along with the self-tapping soil-compacting screw, the backfill screw does not rotate, and the self-tapping soil-compacting screw does not cause downward pressure on a soil body; when the backfill screw contacts with the soil on the outer side of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw, the resistance between the soil layer and the backfill screw prevents the backfill screw from synchronously rotating with the soil-pressing disc but automatically rotates under the action of the transmission gear ring and the gear, at the moment, the self-tapping soil-pressing screw is prevented from descending due to the action of the soil-pressing disc, the self-tapping soil-pressing screw and the self-tapping screw hole thereof realize slipping, the self-tapping soil-pressing screw extrudes the soil from top to bottom, the rotation of the backfill screw continuously feeds the soil on the outer side of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw and close to the surface layer of the soil body into the hole drilled by the self-tapping soil-pressing screw, and in the continuous extrusion process, as the soil below the soil-pressing disc is reduced, the rotation of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw can also slightly and frequently carry out the self-tapping downward movement, so that the backfill screw can feed more soil into the hole drilled by the self-tapping soil-pressing screw, in the process of applying external force to the shell of the speed reducing motor, the self-tapping soil-pressing screw intermittently downwards and intermittently extrudes soil, and the backfilling screw continuously pushes the soil below the soil-pressing disc to the central position of the soil-pressing disc; the soil body in all areas is tamped by switching the operation positions.
Because the backfilling screw and the soil pressing plate rotate synchronously and rotate periodically, the soil in the whole circular area below the soil pressing plate can be acted by the backfilling screw, and the soil is tightly pressed into a deeper soil layer, so that the soil body is better tamped.
Because this ramming earth device need not great external force and applys, also need not to make whole ramming earth device carry out the punching press to the soil layer, still do not have the vibration, make the noise little, the energy consumption is little, can hand-held operation. In addition, the soil ramming device enables the self-tapping soil-pressing screw to enter the deep layer of the soil body in a self-tapping mode and extrude deep soil, and the traditional soil ramming device can also loosen partial surface soil in the process of ramming the soil body, so that the ramming device has good soil ramming effect and can even be used for manufacturing rammed soil walls, side slope ramming and side slope reinforcement.
When larger-size stones appear, the backfill screw can synchronously rotate along with the soil compacting disc to avoid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present earth-ramming device.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present ramming device.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the state of the existing ramming device when working on a slope.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state in which the present tamper apparatus is used for working a slope.
In the figure, 1, a speed reducing motor; 2. a soil compacting plate; 3. a self-tapping soil-compacting screw; 4. backfilling the screw; 5. a connecting shaft; 6. mounting a disc; 7. a gear; 8. a transmission gear ring; 9. a hand-held frame; 10. installing a flange; 11. a buffer spring; 12. a limiting shaft sleeve; 13. positioning the plug; 14. and (7) mounting the plate.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the soil compacting device comprises a speed reducing motor 1, a soil compacting plate 2, a self-tapping soil compacting screw 3 and a plurality of backfilling screws 4, wherein a connecting shaft 5 is fixedly arranged between an output shaft of the speed reducing motor 1 and the self-tapping soil compacting screw 3, the soil compacting plate 2 is connected to the connecting shaft 5 through a spline, each backfilling screw 4 is uniformly arranged on the lower side surface of the soil compacting plate 2 in the circumferential direction, the backfilling screws 4 are rotatably connected to a mounting plate 6, the mounting plate 6 is rotatably connected to the outer edge of the soil compacting plate 2, a gear 7 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of each backfilling screw 4, and a transmission gear ring 8 meshed with each gear 7 is arranged on the soil compacting plate 2; the inner end of the backfill screw rod 4 is positioned outside the upper end of the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3.
A hand-held frame 9 is fixedly arranged on the shell of the gear motor 1.
A mounting flange 10 is arranged on a shell of the speed reducing motor 1.
The soil compacting plate 2 is longitudinally connected on the connecting shaft 5 in a sliding manner, and a buffer spring 11 which is sleeved on the connecting shaft 5 is arranged between the soil compacting plate 2 and the shell of the speed reducing motor 1.
A limiting shaft sleeve 12 positioned below the soil compacting plate 2 is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft 5.
The inclination angle between the axis of the backfill screw 4 and the axis of the self-tapping soil-compacting screw 3 is 95-150 degrees, preferably about 110 degrees, and the inclination angle is adjusted according to the soil quality.
The soil compacting plate 2 is in a cone shape with the diameter of the lower end smaller than that of the upper end.
The diameter of the spiral guide vane on the self-tapping soil-compacting screw 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the lower end of the self-tapping soil screw 3 is provided with a positioning plug 13.
The diameter of the spiral guide vane on the backfill screw 4 is gradually reduced from outside to inside.
The working principle is as follows: the shell of the speed reducing motor 1 is fixed by being held by a hand or is connected with a movable arm of an excavator, the positioning plug 13 contacts with a soil layer firstly to position the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3, the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3 can contact with the soil layer with smaller pressing force, when the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3 contacts with the soil layer, the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3 can actively enter the deep part of the soil layer through rotation, in the process, the soil compacting disc 2 synchronously rotates along with the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3, the backfill screw rod 4 does not rotate, and the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod 3 does not cause downward pressure on the soil body; when the backfill screw 4 contacts with the soil on the outer side of the self-tapping soil screw 3, the resistance between the soil layer and the backfill screw 4 prevents the backfill screw 4 from rotating synchronously with the soil pressing disc 2, but the backfill screw rotates under the action of the transmission gear ring 8 and the gear 7, at the moment, the self-tapping soil screw 3 is blocked from moving downwards under the action of the soil pressing disc 2, so that the self-tapping soil screw 3 and a self-tapping screw hole are slipped, the self-tapping soil screw 3 extrudes the soil from top to bottom, the rotation of the backfill screw 4 continuously feeds the soil on the outer side of the self-tapping soil screw 3 and close to the surface layer of the soil body into the hole drilled by the self-tapping soil screw 3, and in the continuous extrusion process, the rotation of the self-tapping soil screw 3 can also slightly and frequently carry out the self-tapping downward movement due to the reduction of the soil below the soil pressing disc 2, so that the backfill screw 4 can feed more soil into the hole drilled by the self-tapping soil screw 3, in the process of applying external force to the shell of the speed reducing motor 1, the self-tapping soil-pressing screw 3 intermittently downwards and intermittently presses soil, and the backfill screw 4 continuously pushes the soil below the soil-pressing disc 2 to the central position of the soil-pressing disc 2; by switching the operation positions, the soil bodies in all the areas are tamped.
Because the backfill screw rod 4 and the soil pressing disc 2 rotate synchronously and rotate occasionally, the soil in the whole circular area below the soil pressing disc 2 can be acted by the backfill screw rod 4, and the soil is tightly pressed into a deeper soil layer, so that the soil body tamping effect is better.
Because this ramming earth device need not great external force and applys, also need not to make whole ramming earth device to the punching press of soil layer, still do not have the vibration, make the noise little, the energy consumption is little, can handheld operation. In addition, the soil ramming device enables the self-tapping soil-pressing screw rod 3 to enter the deep layer of the soil body in a self-tapping mode and extrude deep soil, and the traditional soil ramming device can also loosen partial surface soil in the process of ramming the soil body, so that the ramming device has good soil ramming effect and can even be used for manufacturing rammed soil walls, side slope ramming and side slope reinforcement.
A plurality of ramming devices are arranged on a movable arm of the excavator, each ramming device is horizontally distributed on the same straight line, and the ramming devices are connected with the excavator in the following mode: fixing a mounting plate 14 parallel to the horizontal plane at the tail end of a movable arm of the excavator, fixing a shell of a speed reducing motor 1 of each ramming device on the mounting plate 14, and ramming the side slope under the condition that a self-tapping soil-compacting screw 3 is vertical to the slope surface; translating the mounting plate 14 from the lower position to the higher position of the side slope to complete the tamping of most areas of the side slope; tamping of the slope profile area and the corner positions is achieved by adjusting the inclination angle of the mounting plate 14 to the horizontal or reducing the number of soil tamping devices on the mounting plate 14.
Because of the forced guiding function of the backfilling screw rod 4 to the soil, the landslide flow of the soil in the operation process can be greatly reduced in the side slope tamping operation process, and the self-tapping soil-pressing screw rod 3 is used for compacting the soil body at a deeper position away from the surface of the side slope, so that the problems of side slope appearance change, soil body collapse and the like can be avoided; moreover, because the ramming device can enter the soil layer through self-tapping of the self-tapping soil-pressing screw rods 3 without large external force and generate large extrusion force on the soil body, a plurality of ramming devices can be simultaneously installed on one excavator, the efficiency is improved, the side turning and backward turning of the excavator can not be caused, and the construction is safe and efficient.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for tamping a side slope soil body is characterized in that a plurality of soil tamping devices are utilized, the soil tamping devices comprise a speed reducing motor (1), a soil pressing disc (2), a self-tapping soil pressing screw rod (3) and a plurality of backfilling screw rods (4), a connecting shaft (5) is fixedly arranged between the output shaft of the speed reducing motor (1) and the self-tapping soil-compacting screw (3), the soil compacting disc (2) is connected on the connecting shaft (5) through a spline, each backfilling screw rod (4) is uniformly arranged on the lower side surface of the soil compacting disc (2) in the circumferential direction, the backfill screw rod (4) is rotationally connected to a mounting disc (6), the mounting disc (6) is rotationally connected to the outer edge of the soil compacting disc (2), a gear (7) is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the backfill screw (4), and a transmission gear ring (8) meshed with each gear (7) is arranged on the soil compacting plate (2); the inner end of the backfill screw rod (4) is positioned at the outer side of the upper end of the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod (3);
the method comprises the following steps of arranging a plurality of ramming devices on a movable arm of an excavator, wherein the ramming devices are horizontally distributed on the same straight line, and the ramming devices are connected with the excavator in the following mode: fixing a mounting plate (14) parallel to the horizontal plane at the tail end of a movable arm of the excavator, fixing a shell of a speed reducing motor (1) of each ramming device on the mounting plate (14), and ramming the side slope under the condition that a self-tapping soil-pressing screw (3) is vertical to the slope surface; translating the mounting plate (14) from the lower position to the higher position of the side slope to finish tamping most areas of the side slope; tamping the special-shaped area and the corner position of the slope is realized by adjusting the inclination angle of the mounting plate (14) and the horizontal plane or reducing the number of soil tamping devices on the mounting plate (14).
2. The method for tamping a slope soil mass according to claim 1, wherein a hand-held frame (9) is fixedly arranged on the housing of the gear motor (1).
3. The method for compacting a slope soil mass according to claim 1, wherein a mounting flange (10) is provided on a housing of the reduction motor (1).
4. The method for tamping a soil mass on a side slope according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the soil pressing plate (2) is longitudinally connected to the connecting shaft (5) in a sliding manner, and a buffer spring (11) sleeved on the connecting shaft (5) is arranged between the soil pressing plate (2) and the casing of the speed reducing motor (1).
5. The method for tamping a slope soil mass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a limiting bushing (12) is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft (5) below the soil compacting plate (2).
6. A method of consolidating slope earth according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the axis of the screw (4) for backfilling is inclined at an angle of 95 ° to 150 ° to the axis of the screw (3) for self-tapping earth.
7. A method of tamping a slope soil mass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said soil compacting plate (2) is in the form of a cone having a lower end diameter smaller than an upper end diameter.
8. The method for compacting a slope soil according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the diameter of the spiral guide plate on the self-tapping soil-compacting screw (3) is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the lower end of the self-tapping soil-compacting screw rod (3) is provided with a positioning plug (13).
9. The method for tamping a slope soil according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the diameter of the spiral guide vanes on the backfilling screw (4) is gradually reduced from outside to inside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110683666.1A CN113323057B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Tamping method for side slope soil body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110683666.1A CN113323057B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Tamping method for side slope soil body |
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| CN113323057B true CN113323057B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011021401A (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-02-03 | Hirose & Co Ltd | Self-drilling anchor and earth and sand ground reinforcement method using the same |
| CN108221933A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-29 | 王新念 | A kind of electromagnetic drive type construction rammer compacter |
| CN210105897U (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-02-21 | 中建筑港集团有限公司 | Throw stone layer stock pore-forming auxiliary device |
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2021
- 2021-06-21 CN CN202110683666.1A patent/CN113323057B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011021401A (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-02-03 | Hirose & Co Ltd | Self-drilling anchor and earth and sand ground reinforcement method using the same |
| CN108221933A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-29 | 王新念 | A kind of electromagnetic drive type construction rammer compacter |
| CN210105897U (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-02-21 | 中建筑港集团有限公司 | Throw stone layer stock pore-forming auxiliary device |
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| CN113323057A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
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