CN113321965A - Heat-triggered microcapsule, intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing heat-triggered microcapsule and preparation method of intelligent self-lubricating composite material - Google Patents
Heat-triggered microcapsule, intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing heat-triggered microcapsule and preparation method of intelligent self-lubricating composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing a thermal trigger microcapsule, wherein the thermal trigger microcapsule can realize effective stimulation response of the microcapsule in a specific temperature range and quick release of core material active lubricating medium along with continuous change of a temperature field, and a complex additional matching device is not needed. Meanwhile, the prepared microcapsule is applied to the preparation of the self-lubricating composite material, the microcapsule breaks under a specific heating temperature condition or in a friction process, an active lubricating medium is released to form an oil film with good lubricating property, and the self-lubricating efficiency of the composite material is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to an intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing a thermal trigger microcapsule and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polymer-based composite material has the good characteristics of excellent thermal property, high specific modulus, good chemical stability, easy processing and forming and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of buildings, spaceflight, machinery and the like. However, when the polymer matrix composite material is used as materials such as bearings and gears, the polymer matrix composite material is easy to lose lubrication and aggravate friction and wear under the interaction of external mechanical force and friction force, so that the service life of the material is reduced, and therefore higher requirements are provided for the antifriction and wear-resistant performances of the polymer matrix composite material. The addition of lubricants is often used to improve lubrication, reduce friction and improve wear resistance. The liquid lubricant can obviously improve the lubrication state and reduce the friction and the abrasion, but the liquid lubricant has poor affinity with the polymer matrix molecules to cause a micro-phase separation structure, so that the mechanical and processing properties of the polymer matrix are greatly reduced, and the application range of the liquid lubricant is restricted. In recent years, microencapsulation coating of a liquid lubricant has become a research hotspot of material researchers, so as to effectively solve the problem of micro-phase separation, obviously improve the friction performance of a composite material, and maintain the mechanical and processing properties of the material to the maximum extent.
The intelligent microcapsule composite material is characterized in that the microcapsule can rapidly respond to external stimulation to continuously release the contained active lubricant or repairing agent, so that the self-lubricating or self-repairing function of the material is realized. There are a number of different physical or chemical methods proposed to stimulate the microcapsule response to release the core material active, with mechanical and electromagnetic stimulation triggering being the most common. The mechanical triggering microcapsule rupture is mainly caused by physical damage and mechanical rupture of the microcapsule wall caused by external pressure, so that the substance containing the core material is released and reacts with the external environment substance or catalyst to generate the final product. The electromagnetic triggering is mainly to change the magnetic heating effect of the magnetic particles in the microcapsule wall or to change the molecular arrangement of the microcapsule wall by the rapid rotation and swing of the magnetic particles caused by the change of the external high-frequency alternating magnetic field, so as to release the core material of the microcapsule. Mechanical or electromagnetic triggering generally has the following drawbacks: (1) the mechanical triggering cannot realize selective microcapsule rupture and has lower rupture release efficiency, and when the crack stress in the matrix is lower, the rupture of the microcapsule cannot be effectively triggered; (2) electromagnetic triggering often requires complex special devices to provide a high frequency alternating magnetic field, and electromagnetic triggering also typically produces a release effect with a change in temperature. The thermal response temperature of the traditional thermal triggering microcapsule is generally above 100 ℃ or below 50 ℃, and the research on the thermal triggering microcapsule in the range of 50-100 ℃ is less, so that the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing mechanical or electromagnetic triggering microcapsule material, the thermal triggering microcapsule and the preparation method of the intelligent self-lubricating composite material thereof are provided, and the difference of the thermal stimulation triggering and the mechanical or electromagnetic triggering method is that the temperature field can be continuously changed, the effective response and the quick release of the microcapsule within the specific temperature range of 50-100 ℃ are realized, no complex additional special device is needed, and the thermal triggering application of the self-lubricating composite material in the application scene is expanded.
Based on this, the present invention provides a thermally triggered microcapsule comprising a lubricant, a polymer and a surfactant.
Wherein the polymer is microcapsule wall material, and is composed of one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol succinate, polyvinyl acetate, and polybutylene succinate.
Wherein the lubricant is microcapsule core material, and is composed of one or more of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil, linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, paraffin oil, tung oil, silicone oil and white oil.
Wherein the surfactant is one or more of acacia, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, xanthan gum, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, tween 80 and OP-10.
Wherein the particle diameter of the heat-triggered microcapsule is 0.5-300 μm, and the wall thickness of the microcapsule is 0.1-3 μm，Has a thermal stimulation response release in the temperature range of 50-100 DEG CAnd (4) a discharge characteristic.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a first solution, namely respectively weighing a certain amount of lubricant and a certain amount of polymer, adding the lubricant and the polymer into a closed glass container containing a certain amount of organic solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the first solution;
step two, preparing a second solution, namely weighing a certain amount of surfactant and dissolving the surfactant in deionized water;
and thirdly, slowly adding the first solution into the second solution, stirring at a constant speed to form homogeneous microemulsion, reacting to volatilize the organic solvent, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the microcapsule.
The invention also provides a self-lubricating composite material containing the thermal trigger microcapsule, which comprises 40-90% of the thermal trigger microcapsule, 0.01-15% of the reinforcing filler and 0.5-50% of the thermal trigger microcapsule.
Wherein the resin matrix is composed of any one or more of epoxy resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, phenolic resin, polyester resin and organic silicon resin.
The reinforcing filler is composed of one or more of boron nitride, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube, silicon dioxide, graphene, aluminum oxide, montmorillonite, molybdenum disulfide, black phosphorus and hydrotalcite.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the self-lubricating composite material containing the thermal trigger microcapsule, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, metal substrate processing, namely, mechanically polishing a metal sheet to enable the surface smoothness to be Ra (equal to 3-5 microns), and then placing the metal sample sheet in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning;
secondly, preparing slurry, namely weighing a certain amount of heat-triggered microcapsules and reinforcing filler, uniformly dispersing the heat-triggered microcapsules and the reinforcing filler in a resin matrix through mechanical stirring or ultrasonic treatment, and removing bubbles in the matrix under a vacuum condition to obtain the slurry;
and thirdly, uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate by using a spin coater or an electrostatic spraying method, heating to 25-120 ℃ at the speed of 5-20 ℃/min, further preferably 35-80 ℃, preserving the heat for 6-30h, further preferably 8-24h, solidifying, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite material.
The invention has the advantages of
The continuous change of the thermal triggering microcapsule prepared by the invention along with the temperature field can realize the effective stimulation response of the microcapsule in a specific temperature range of 50-100 ℃ and the quick release of the core material active lubricating medium, and a complex additional matching device is not needed. Meanwhile, the prepared microcapsule is applied to the preparation of the self-lubricating composite material, the microcapsule breaks under a specific heating temperature condition or in a friction process, an active lubricating medium is released to form an oil film with good lubricating property, and the self-lubricating efficiency of the composite material is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of microcapsules prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of natural light and fluorescence microscope for responding to release of core material by thermal stimulation at specific temperature of microcapsule prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a friction coefficient curve diagram of the intelligent self-lubricating composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a natural light mirror image of the microcapsule prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a heat-triggered microcapsule which is composed of a lubricant, a polymer and a surfactant.
The particle size of the heat-triggered microcapsule is 0.5-300 μm, the wall thickness of the microcapsule is 0.1-3 μm, and the heat-triggered microcapsule has the heat stimulus response release characteristic in the temperature range of 50-100 ℃.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a first solution, namely respectively weighing a certain amount of lubricant and a certain amount of polymer, adding the lubricant and the polymer into a closed glass container containing a certain amount of organic solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the first solution;
step two, preparing a second solution, namely weighing a certain amount of surfactant and dissolving the surfactant in deionized water;
and thirdly, slowly adding the first solution into the second solution, stirring at a constant speed to form homogeneous microemulsion, reacting to volatilize the organic solvent, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the microcapsule.
In the first step, the mass fraction of the organic solvent in the first solution is 40-96%, and more preferably 70-95%.
The mass ratio of the lubricant to the polymer in the first step is 1: (0.3-5), and more preferably 1: (0.3-2).
In the second step, the mass fraction of the surfactant in the second solution is 0.1 to 6%, and more preferably 0.4 to 2%.
In the third step, the mass ratio of the first solution to the second solution is 1: (1.8-8).
In the third step, the stirring speed is 100-.
In the third step, the reaction temperature is 20-60 ℃, the further optimization is 35-50 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-8h, the further optimization is 2-5 h.
In the first step, the used polymer is a microcapsule wall material and is composed of one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol succinate, polyvinyl acetate and polybutylene succinate.
In the first step, the lubricant is a microcapsule core material and is composed of one or more of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil, linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, paraffin oil, tung oil, silicone oil and white oil.
The surfactant in the second step is one or more of arabic gum, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, xanthan gum, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, tween 80 and OP-10.
The organic solvent is one of dichloromethane and trichloromethane or a mixture of the two in any ratio.
The invention also provides a self-lubricating hair composite material containing the heat-triggered microcapsule, which consists of the heat-triggered microcapsule, a resin matrix and a reinforcing filler, wherein the mass fraction of the resin matrix is 40-90%, and is further preferably 50-70%, the mass fraction of the reinforcing filler is 0.01-15%, and is further preferably 0.3-7%, and the mass fraction of the heat-triggered microcapsule is 0.5-50%, and is further preferably 4-20%.
The resin matrix is composed of any one or more of epoxy resin, urea resin, phenolic resin, polyester resin and organic silicon resin.
The reinforcing filler is composed of one or more of boron nitride, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube, silicon dioxide, graphene, aluminum oxide, montmorillonite, molybdenum disulfide, black phosphorus and hydrotalcite.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the self-lubricating composite material containing the thermal trigger microcapsule, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, metal substrate processing, namely, mechanically polishing a metal sheet to enable the surface smoothness to be Ra (equal to 3-5 microns), and then placing the metal sample sheet in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning;
secondly, preparing slurry, namely weighing a certain amount of heat-triggered microcapsules and reinforcing filler, uniformly dispersing the heat-triggered microcapsules and the reinforcing filler in a resin matrix through mechanical stirring or ultrasonic treatment, and removing bubbles in the matrix under a vacuum condition to obtain the slurry;
and thirdly, uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate by using a spin coater or an electrostatic spraying method, heating to 25-120 ℃ at the speed of 5-20 ℃/min, further preferably 35-80 ℃, preserving the heat for 6-30h, further preferably 8-24h, solidifying, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite material.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, by which how to apply technical means to solve technical problems and achieve a technical effect can be fully understood and implemented.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of heat-triggered microcapsules:
the solvent volatilization method is adopted to prepare the thermal stimulation response microcapsule with the core material of poly-alpha olefin synthetic oil (PAO) and the wall material of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
Preparation process of solution A: weighing 3.0g of PAO lubricating medium and 2.0g of EVA polymer, wherein the mass ratio of the lubricant to the polymer is 1: 0.66, adding the mixture into a closed glass container containing 50mL of dichloromethane solvent, and uniformly stirring by magnetic force, wherein the mass fraction of the dichloromethane in the solution A is 92.8%. Preparation process of solution B: 0.3g of Arabic gum and 1.5g of polyvinyl alcohol are weighed and dissolved in 200mL of deionized water under magnetic stirring, the mass fraction of the Arabic gum in the solution B is 0.15%, and the mass fraction of the polyvinyl alcohol in the solution B is 0.74%. Slowly adding the solution A into the solution B, wherein the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B is 1: 2.8, stirring at a mechanical uniform speed of 500rpm for 0.5h to form homogeneous microemulsion, and then reacting in a water bath environment at 40 ℃ for 3h to fully volatilize the organic solvent. And then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for multiple times, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the microcapsule. Scanning electron microscope results, as shown in FIG. 1, indicate that the prepared microcapsules have uniform particle size, complete coating, smooth and flat surface, average particle size of about 17 μm, and wall thickness of about 1.1 μm. By adding the fluorescent agent into the microcapsule core material in advance and utilizing an inverted fluorescence microscope, the result is shown in fig. 2, which shows that the prepared microcapsule has good thermal stimulation response release characteristics at a specific temperature (70 ℃), and the microcapsule slightly swells but does not rupture to release the active core material before the temperature reaches the melting point of the wall material polymer.
(2) The preparation process of the intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing the microcapsules comprises the following steps:
the metal substrate treatment process comprises the following steps: the metal sheet was subjected to mechanical polishing treatment to have a surface finish Ra of 3 to 5 μm, after which the metal sample sheet was ultrasonically cleaned in absolute ethanol. The preparation process of the slurry comprises the following steps: 0.65g of microcapsules, 0.43g of boron nitride and 0.22g of montmorillonite are weighed, added into 12.40g of epoxy resin matrix, and dispersed uniformly by mechanical stirring in a room temperature environment. Degassing in a vacuum drying oven for 1h under high vacuum degree to obtain slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the microcapsule is 4.7%, the mass fraction of the boron nitride is 3.1%, and the mass fraction of the montmorillonite is 1.6%. Uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate sheet by using a spin coater, heating to 50 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12h, solidifying, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite coating material.
(3) Testing the friction performance of the self-lubricating composite material:
the prepared self-lubricating composite material is tested on a UMT-3 friction wear testing machine in a point contact reciprocating mode, the load is 3N, the speed is 48mm/s, and the result is shown in figure 3, and the friction coefficient of the self-lubricating composite material is about 0.07.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of heat-triggered microcapsules:
a solvent volatilization method is adopted to prepare a thermal stimulation response microcapsule with a tung oil as a core material and an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) as a wall material.
Preparation process of solution A: weighing 4.4g of tung oil and 2.0g of EAA polymer, wherein the mass ratio of the lubricant to the polymer is 1: 0.45, adding the mixture into a closed glass container containing 40mL of dichloromethane and 10mL of trichloromethane mixed solvent, and uniformly stirring by magnetic force, wherein the mass fraction of the mixed organic solvent in the solution A is 91.0%. Preparation process of solution B: 0.2g of OP-10 and 1.8g of polyvinyl alcohol are weighed out and dissolved in 200mL of deionized water under magnetic stirring, the mass fraction of the OP-10 in the solution B is 0.10%, and the mass fraction of the polyvinyl alcohol in the solution B is 0.89%. Slowly adding the solution A into the solution B, wherein the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B is 1: 2.8, stirring at a mechanical uniform speed of 600rpm for 0.5h to form homogeneous microemulsion, and then reacting in a water bath environment at 45 ℃ for 4h to fully volatilize the organic solvent. And then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for multiple times, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the microcapsule. The result of the optical microscope is shown in fig. 4, which shows that the prepared microcapsule has uniform grain diameter, complete coating, smooth and flat surface and average grain diameter of about 24 μm.
(2) The preparation process of the intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing the microcapsules comprises the following steps:
the metal substrate treatment process comprises the following steps: the metal sheet was subjected to mechanical polishing treatment to have a surface finish Ra of 3 to 5 μm, after which the metal sample sheet was ultrasonically cleaned in absolute ethanol. The preparation process of the slurry comprises the following steps: 1.76g of microcapsules, 0.33g of carbon nanotubes and 0.21g of graphene are weighed, added into 12.40g of epoxy resin matrix, and uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic treatment in a room temperature environment. And degassing in a vacuum drying oven at a high vacuum degree for 1h to obtain slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the microcapsule is 11.9%, the mass fraction of the carbon nano tube is 2.2%, and the mass fraction of the graphene is 1.4%. Uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate sheet by using a spin coater, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12h, solidifying, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite coating material.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of heat-triggered microcapsules:
the solvent volatilization method is adopted to prepare the thermal stimulation response microcapsule with epoxidized soybean oil as the core material and polyethylene glycol succinate as the wall material.
Preparation process of solution A: weighing 3.6g of epoxidized soybean oil and 1.2g of polyethylene glycol succinate polymer, wherein the mass ratio of the lubricant to the polymer is 1: 0.33, adding the chloroform into a closed glass container containing 60mL of chloroform solvent, and uniformly stirring by magnetic force, wherein the mass fraction of the chloroform in the solution A is 94.2%. Preparation process of solution B: 0.8g of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2.4g of gelatin are weighed and dissolved in 200mL of deionized water by magnetic stirring, wherein the mass fraction of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the solution B is 0.39%, and the mass fraction of the gelatin in the solution B is 1.18%. Slowly adding the solution A into the solution B, wherein the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B is 1: 2.4, stirring at a mechanical uniform speed of 800rpm for 0.5h to form homogeneous microemulsion, and then reacting in a water bath environment at 50 ℃ for 4h to fully volatilize the organic solvent. And then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for multiple times, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the microcapsule.
(2) The preparation process of the intelligent self-lubricating composite material containing the microcapsules comprises the following steps:
the metal substrate treatment process comprises the following steps: the metal sheet was subjected to mechanical polishing treatment to have a surface finish Ra of 3 to 5 μm, after which the metal sample sheet was ultrasonically cleaned in absolute ethanol. The preparation process of the slurry comprises the following steps: 2.15g of microcapsules, 0.55g of silica and 0.25g of black phosphorus were weighed, added to 12.40g of a polyester resin matrix, and dispersed uniformly by mechanical stirring at room temperature. And degassing in a vacuum drying oven at a high vacuum degree for 1h to obtain slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the microcapsule is 14.0%, the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide is 3.5%, and the mass fraction of the black phosphorus is 1.6%. Uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate sheet by using a spin coater, heating to 60 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 24 hours, solidifying, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite coating material.
All of the above mentioned intellectual property rights are not intended to be restrictive to other forms of implementing the new and/or new products. Those skilled in the art will take advantage of this important information, and the foregoing will be modified to achieve similar performance. However, all modifications or alterations are based on the new products of the invention and belong to the reserved rights.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermally triggered microcapsule characterized by: comprising a lubricant, a polymer and a surfactant, which has a heat stimulus-responsive release characteristic in a temperature range of 50-100 ℃, is prepared by a method comprising,
step one, preparing a first solution, namely respectively weighing a certain amount of lubricant and a certain amount of polymer, adding the lubricant and the polymer into a closed glass container containing a certain amount of organic solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the first solution;
step two, preparing a second solution, namely weighing a certain amount of surfactant and dissolving the surfactant in deionized water;
and thirdly, slowly adding the first solution into the second solution, stirring at a constant speed to form homogeneous microemulsion, reacting to volatilize the organic solvent, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the microcapsule.
2. The thermally triggered microcapsule according to claim 1, wherein: the used polymer is microcapsule wall material, and is composed of one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol succinate, polyvinyl acetate and polybutylene succinate.
3. A thermally triggered microcapsule according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the lubricant is microcapsule core material, and is composed of one or more of poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil, linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, paraffin oil, tung oil, silicone oil and white oil.
4. A thermally triggered microcapsule according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the surfactant is one or more of acacia, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, xanthan gum, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, tween 80 and OP-10.
5. A thermally triggered microcapsule according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the particle size of the heat-triggered microcapsule is 0.5-300 μm, and the wall thickness of the microcapsule is 0.1-3 μm.
6. A process for the preparation of thermally triggered microcapsules according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises:
step one, preparing a first solution, namely respectively weighing a certain amount of lubricant and a certain amount of polymer, adding the lubricant and the polymer into a closed glass container containing a certain amount of organic solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the first solution;
step two, preparing a second solution, namely weighing a certain amount of surfactant and dissolving the surfactant in deionized water;
and thirdly, slowly adding the first solution into the second solution, stirring at a constant speed to form homogeneous microemulsion, reacting to volatilize the organic solvent, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the microcapsule.
7. A self-lubricating hair composite containing thermally triggered microcapsules, comprising: the composite material comprises 40-90% of thermal triggering microcapsules, 0.01-15% of reinforcing filler and 0.5-50% of thermal triggering microcapsules.
8. A self-lubricating hair composite containing heat-triggerable microcapsules according to claim 7, wherein: the resin matrix is composed of any one or more of epoxy resin, urea resin, phenolic resin, polyester resin and organic silicon resin.
9. A self-lubricating hair composite containing heat-triggerable microcapsules according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the reinforcing filler is composed of one or more of boron nitride, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube, silicon dioxide, graphene, aluminum oxide, montmorillonite, molybdenum disulfide, black phosphorus and hydrotalcite.
10. A method of making a self-lubricating hair composite containing heat-activated microcapsules according to claim 8 or 9, comprising:
firstly, metal substrate processing, namely, mechanically polishing a metal sheet to enable the surface smoothness to be Ra (equal to 3-5 microns), and then placing the metal sample sheet in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning;
secondly, preparing slurry, namely weighing a certain amount of heat-triggered microcapsules and reinforcing filler, uniformly dispersing the heat-triggered microcapsules and the reinforcing filler in a resin matrix through mechanical stirring or ultrasonic treatment, and removing bubbles in the matrix under a vacuum condition to obtain the slurry;
and thirdly, uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the smooth metal substrate by using a spin coater or an electrostatic spraying method, heating to 25-120 ℃ at the speed of 5-20 ℃/min, further preferably 35-80 ℃, preserving the heat for 6-30h, further preferably 8-24h, solidifying, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the intelligent self-lubricating composite material.
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