CN113321529A - Purification method and screening purification device for marine diatom fossil - Google Patents
Purification method and screening purification device for marine diatom fossil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for purifying marine diatomite fossil and a screening and purifying device, the method is used for treating sediment on the sea bottom to extract the component of the diatomite fossil, the method comprises the steps of oxidation dissolution, acidification for removing carbonate impurities, dilution for reducing acidity, multi-stage screening, soaking and washing and the like, the screening and purifying device is used for multi-stage screening of the treated sediment in the multi-stage screening step, the device comprises a fixed plate, a plurality of screening and washing grooves are arranged on the fixed plate, a plurality of washing rings are arranged on each screening and washing groove, a screen mesh is arranged in each washing ring, all the washing rings are arranged on a washing pipe, and the washing pipe is connected with an ultrapure water tank filled with ultrapure water. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has the advantages of simplifying the purification process of the kieselguhr fossil, being easy to operate, reducing the purification cost of the kieselguhr fossil, effectively improving the abundance of the kieselguhr fossil in the sediment purification material and reducing the pollution of the flushing waste liquid to the environment in the purification process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of purification of diatom fossils, in particular to a purification method and a screening purification device for marine diatom fossils.
Background
Diatoms play an important role in marine geology, and they can well reflect various environmental characteristics of the water in which they live, and are often used in marine geology. Through analyzing the marine diatomite fossil species composition, the settlement and the burial after death, the method can be used for reading the condition of the modern marine water body and the information of the ancient environment in many geological periods covered by diatomite fossil.
When diatoms die, their siliceous skeleton deposits on the sea floor to form a large number of fossils. In order to understand the state of modern marine water and ancient environmental information, researchers have conducted seafloor exploration and retrieved a large number of seafloor sediments. In order to know the information of ancient environments in different geological periods, seabed sediments need to be purified to obtain high-abundance marine diatomite fossil, the currently common purification device mostly adopts a direct flushing single-stage washing and screening mode, and the abundance of the diatomite fossil in the extract obtained by the purification device is not high, so that the research requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the abundance of diatomite stone in the extract for purifying abundant sediments and reduce the difficulty of the sieving and purifying process of the diatomite stone, the invention provides a method for purifying marine diatomite stone, which is used for treating sediments on the seabed to extract diatomite stone components in the sediments, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning the sediment in the container;
s2: adding hydrogen peroxide into the cleaning container to promote the dissolution of organic impurities in the sediment;
s3: adding an acidic solution into the cleaning container, stirring until no bubbles are generated, sealing and standing to promote the dissolution of carbonate impurities in the sediment;
s4: adding ionized water into a cleaning container, standing for a period of time, removing the liquid on the upper layer part of the mixed liquid in the cleaning container, and repeating the process for 2-5 times;
s5: performing multi-stage physical screening on the treated sediment in the cleaning container to enable solid parts in the sediment to be respectively attached to screens with different meshes;
s6: and putting all the screens and the solid components attached to the screens into an extraction device, soaking and washing the screens in the extraction device, and finally extracting the solid components to obtain the high-abundance diatom fossils.
Further, in the step S2, the mass concentration of hydrogen peroxide added into the cleaning container is 20-40%.
Further, the acidic solution added to the cleaning container in the step S3 is hydrochloric acid, and the mass concentration of the acidic solution is 10-30%.
Further, the specific process of step S6 includes: putting all the screens and the diatomite stones attached to the screens into a spherical extractor; adding ultrapure water into the spherical extractor, and using the ultrapure water to flush all solids attached to the lower screen mesh; and taking out the cleaned screen, standing for a period of time, and discharging water in the spherical extractor to obtain the high-abundance diatom fossil.
The invention also provides a marine diatom fossil screening and purifying device which comprises a fixing plate, wherein a plurality of screening grooves are formed in the fixing plate, a plurality of coaxial flushing rings with different diameters are arranged on each screening groove, a screen is arranged in each flushing ring, all the screens are sequentially nested, the screen hole diameters of the screens in the same screening groove are sequentially reduced from inside to outside, flushing holes are uniformly distributed in the inner rings of all the flushing rings, all the flushing rings are arranged on flushing pipes, the flushing pipes are connected with ultrapure water tanks filled with ultrapure water, the ultrapure water tanks are connected with a pressure pump, and the pressure pump is used for pressurizing and inputting the ultrapure water tanks into the flushing pipes, so that the ultrapure water in the ultrapure water tanks is sprayed out from the flushing holes to flush the screens in the flushing rings.
And furthermore, the acid-base neutralization box also comprises an acid-base neutralization box, a water drainage pipe is arranged below each screening and washing tank, and all the water drainage pipes are connected to the acid-base neutralization box.
Furthermore, an ultrapure water purifier, a purified water tank, a filter tank and a waste liquid collector which are connected in sequence are arranged between the ultrapure water tank and the acid-base neutralization tank.
Furthermore, a sieve cup is fixed in each flushing ring, through holes are uniformly distributed in all the sieve cups, and each sieve mesh is wrapped on the outer wall of one sieve cup.
Furthermore, the left side and the right side of each screening and washing groove are respectively provided with an ultrasonic vibrator.
Furthermore, all wash and all be equipped with a plurality of miniature vibrators on the pipe, still be equipped with the multistage plastic hose on each wash pipe, the plastic hose is used for preventing the vibration between a plurality of miniature vibrators of wash pipe takes place mutual interference.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the purification method of the diatomite fossil can effectively remove solid impurities in the seabed sediments, can extract the diatomite fossil with different granularity from the seabed sediments, and improves the abundance of the diatomite fossil in the extract of the seabed sediments. The marine kieselguhr fossil screening and purifying device has the advantages that the kieselguhr fossil purification process is simple and easy to master, and the purification cost of the kieselguhr fossil is reduced; meanwhile, the device can screen the diatom fossils with different sizes, so that the abundance of the diatom fossils is greatly improved, the utilization rate of the diatom fossils is improved, and the problem that the diatom micro-ancient fossils in the sediment are difficult to purify is effectively solved; and the device can reduce the pollution of the flushing waste liquid to the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a marine diatomite fossil screening and purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the fixing plate 1 of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a top view of the flush tube 2 and the flush ring 21 of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a sieve cup 4 and a fixing ring 41 in the marine diatomite fossil sieving and purifying device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of the ball extractor 5.
In the above figures: 1-a fixing plate, 11-a limiting clamping groove, 12-a support frame, 13-a drain pipe, 14-an ultrasonic vibrator, 2-a flushing pipe, 21-a flushing ring, 22-a plastic hose, 23-a pressure controller, 24-a micro vibrator, 25-a water inlet pipe, 26-a flushing pipe, 27-a flushing faucet, 28-a flushing hole, 3-an ultrapure water tank, 31-a pressure pump, 32-an ultrapure water purifier, 33-a purified water tank, 34-a filter tank, 35-a waste liquid recycling tank, 36-an acid and alkali neutralizing tank, 4-a sieve cup, 41-a fixing ring and 5-a spherical extractor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for purifying marine fossils, which is used for sediment treatment on the sea bottom to extract the fossils therein, comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing a certain weight of sediment, and putting the sediment into a cleaning container;
s2: adding hydrogen peroxide into the cleaning container, and promoting the dissolution of organic impurities in dissolved sediments in an oxidation mode to remove part of the organic impurities in the sediments, wherein a large amount of heat can be released in the process; preferably, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 10-40%;
s3: adding an acidic solution into the cleaning container, stirring until no bubbles are generated, sealing and standing to promote the dissolution of carbonate impurities in the sediment so as to remove part of solid carbonate impurities in the sediment; preferably, the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10-40%;
s4: adding ionized water into the cleaning container to dilute the acidity of the mixed liquid in the cleaning container and remove part of the liquid on the upper layer of the mixed liquid; repeating the step for 2-5 times;
s5: the sediment in the cleaning container is physically screened, and the screening process needs to carry out multi-stage screening on the solid-liquid mixture, in the embodiment, the screening process adopts multi-stage screening, the mesh number of the screen is respectively 200 meshes, 400 meshes and 800 meshes, the diameters of the diatomite fossil particles are different, and the diatomite fossil particles with different diameters are attached to the screen.
S6: putting all the screens and the diatomite stones attached to the screens into an extraction device, soaking and washing the screens, and extracting the diatomite stones, wherein in the embodiment, the extraction device is a spherical extractor 5 (please refer to fig. 5), the process specifically comprises the steps of putting all the screens into the spherical extractor, soaking and washing all the screens, taking out the cup-shaped screens after washing, placing the spherical extractor 5 on a test tube rack, standing for a period of time, and discharging water in the spherical extractor 5, so that the diatomite stones with high abundance are obtained.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a marine diatom fossil screening and purifying apparatus for use in the physical screening process in step 5 includes: a screening component and a purification cycle component.
The screening component comprises a fixing plate 1, six screening tanks 11 are embedded on the fixing plate 1, a plurality of flushing rings 21 which are arranged up and down are arranged above each screening tank 11, in the embodiment, the number of the flushing rings 21 above each screening tank 11 is three, a water discharge pipe 13 is connected below each screening tank 11, the three flushing rings 21 above each screening tank 11 are coaxially arranged, the diameters of the flushing rings 21 are sequentially increased from top to bottom, flushing holes 28 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of all the flushing rings 21, all the flushing rings 21 are arranged on the flushing pipes 2 and are communicated with the flushing pipes 2 where the flushing rings are arranged, both ends of all the flushing pipes 21 are communicated with a water inlet pipe 25, a screening cup 4 (the screening cup is not shown in figure 1) with through holes distributed on the wall is fixed in each flushing ring 21, namely three screening cups 4 which are sequentially increased in diameter and are sequentially nested are arranged above each screening tank 11, each screening cup 4 is wrapped by a layer of screen cloth, the three-layer screen cloth is nested in proper order, and the sieve mesh diameter on the screen cloth diminishes from inside to outside in proper order, and the screen cloth mesh number is in proper order: 200 meshes, 400 meshes and 800 meshes.
The purification circulation component comprises a pressure pump 31, an ultrapure water tank 3, an ultrapure water purifier 32, a purified water tank 33, a filter tank 34, a waste liquid recovery tank 35 and an acid-base neutralization tank 36 which are connected in sequence, wherein a water inlet pipe 25 is connected to the ultrapure water tank 2, and a water outlet pipe 14 is connected to the acid-base neutralization tank 36.
When the screening and purifying device works, sediment to be screened is placed into the uppermost one of three layers of screens above a screening tank 11, ultrapure water in an ultrapure water tank 3 is pressurized by a pressurizing pump 31 and then is input into a flushing pipe 2, the ultrapure water is sprayed out from a flushing hole 28 formed in a flushing ring 21, the sediment in the screens is flushed, flushed waste flushing liquid flows into the screening tank 11 and flows into an acid-base middle tank 36 through a drainage pipe 14 at the bottom of the screening tank 11, kieselguhr particles with different diameters in the sediment are attached to the screens with different diameters, and other impurities are flushed into the acid-base middle tank 36, so that multi-stage screening and purifying of the kieselguhr are realized.
The purification circulation component is used for recycling the flushing waste liquid, the acid-base neutralization tank 36 is used for neutralizing the acidity of the flushing waste liquid, the water purification tank 33 and the filter tank 34 are used for filtering and purifying the flushing waste liquid, the filtered and purified flushing waste liquid enters the water purification tank 33, water in the water purification tank 33 is changed into ultrapure water after being processed by the ultrapure water purifier 32 and enters the ultrapure water tank 3 again, and the ultrapure water purifier 32 is further provided with a water inlet which is used for providing initial water for the screening and purifying device.
Further, all the screen meshes are cup-shaped, each screen mesh is sleeved on one screen cup 4, and the outer wall of each screen cup 4 is provided with a fixing ring 41, and the fixing ring 41 is used for detachably fixing the screen meshes on the outer wall of the screen cups 4.
Furthermore, a plurality of support frames 12 are arranged on the fixing plate 1, and the support frames 12 are used for fixing the flushing pipe 2.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic vibrator 14 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of each screening groove 11, and the ultrasonic vibrators 14 are used for vibrating the liquid in the screening grooves 11, so that the sediments in the screening grooves 11 are fully washed.
Furthermore, a flushing tap 27 is arranged on the screen washing tank 11, each flushing tap 27 is connected with the ultrapure water tank 3 through a flushing pipe 26 (only one flushing tap and one flushing pipe are shown in fig. 1), and the flushing tap 27 is used for cleaning the screen washing tank 11 after the screening is finished.
Furthermore, each flushing pipe 21 is provided with a plurality of micro vibrators 24, and the micro vibrators 24 are used for driving the sieve cups 4 and the sieve mesh to vibrate, so that sediment is prevented from being deposited on the sieve mesh to influence the sieving and purifying effect; each flushing pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of sections of plastic hoses 22, the plastic hoses 22 prevent the mutual interference of the vibration among a plurality of micro vibrators of the flushing pipe, and two ends of each flushing pipe 2 are respectively provided with a pressure controller which is used for adjusting the water pressure in the flushing pipe 2, so that the flushing holes 28 of each flushing ring 21 are sprayed with ultrapure water.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the purification method of the diatomite fossil can effectively remove solid impurities in the seabed sediments, can extract the diatomite fossil with different granularity from the seabed sediments, and improves the abundance of the diatomite fossil in the extract of the seabed sediments. The marine kieselguhr fossil screening and purifying device has the advantages that the kieselguhr fossil purification process is simple and easy to master, and the purification cost of the kieselguhr fossil is reduced; meanwhile, the device can screen the diatom fossils with different sizes, so that the abundance of the diatom fossils is greatly improved, the utilization rate of the diatom fossils is improved, and the problem that the diatom micro-ancient fossils in the sediment are difficult to purify is effectively solved; and the device can reduce the pollution of the flushing waste liquid to the environment.
TABLE I Diatom fossil abundance comparison before and after experiment
Diatom screening purification device diatom fossil abundance comparison condition after single screening and multiple screening
| Sample numbering | Single stage sieving abundance (per g) | Multi-stage sieving abundance (per/g) |
| A1 | 0.0 | 57.3 |
| B1 | 90.9 | 103282.4 |
| B2 | 42.9 | 18023.4 |
| C1 | 686.9 | 54703.5 |
| C2 | 467.5 | 1002.3 |
| D1 | 2636.4 | 21042.1 |
| D2 | 2102.3 | 181244.1 |
| D3 | 2102.3 | 181244.1 |
| E1 | 19103.0 | 61074.7 |
| E2 | 36007.1 | 56930.8 |
| E3 | 52107.0 | 111634.0 |
The first table is comparison data of abundance of kieselguhr stones in the sediments obtained before and after the sediments are treated in the experiment, the second table is comparison data of abundance of kieselguhr stones obtained after the experiment device is used for carrying out a multi-stage screening experiment and kieselguhr stones obtained through single-stage screening in a conventional experiment, and the first table and the second table show that the purification method and the screening purification device for marine kieselguhr stones can effectively extract the kieselguhr stones in the sediments, so that the high-abundance kieselguhr stones are obtained.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for purifying marine diatom fossil is characterized in that: the method is used for sediment treatment on the seabed to extract kieselguhr components in the sediment, and comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning the sediment in the container;
s2: adding hydrogen peroxide into the cleaning container to promote the dissolution of organic impurities in the sediment;
s3: adding an acidic solution into the cleaning container, stirring until no bubbles are generated, sealing and standing to promote the dissolution of carbonate impurities in the sediment;
s4: adding ionized water into a cleaning container, standing for a period of time, removing the liquid on the upper layer part of the mixed liquid in the cleaning container, and repeating the process for 2-5 times;
s5: performing multi-stage physical screening on the treated sediment in the cleaning container to enable solid parts in the sediment to be respectively attached to screens with different meshes;
s6: and putting all the screens and the solid components attached to the screens into an extraction device, soaking and washing the screens in the extraction device, and finally extracting the solid components to obtain the high-abundance diatom fossils.
2. The method for purifying marine diatomic fossils according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S2, adding hydrogen peroxide into the cleaning container, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 20-40%.
3. The method for purifying marine diatomic fossils according to claim 1, wherein: the acidic solution added to the cleaning container in the step S3 is hydrochloric acid, and the mass concentration of the acidic solution is 10-30%.
4. The method for purifying marine diatomic fossils according to claim 1, wherein: the specific process of step S6 includes: putting all the screens and the diatomite stones attached to the screens into a spherical extractor; adding ultrapure water into the spherical extractor, and using the ultrapure water to flush all solids attached to the lower screen mesh; and taking out the cleaned screen, standing for a period of time, and discharging water in the spherical extractor to obtain the high-abundance diatom fossil.
5. The utility model provides a marine diatom fossil screening purification device which characterized in that: including the fixed plate, be equipped with a plurality of sieve washgrooves on the fixed plate, be equipped with the unequal washing ring of a plurality of coaxial and diameters on each sieve washgroove, be equipped with a screen cloth in each washing ring, all screen cloths are nested in proper order, and the screen cloth in same sieve washgroove reduces by its sieve mesh diameter from inside to outside in proper order, and the interior circle evenly distributed of all washing rings has the flushing hole, and all washing rings all set up on the flushing pipe, the flushing pipe links to each other with the ultrapure water tank that is equipped with ultrapure water, ultrapure water tank links to each other with a force (forcing) pump, the force (forcing) pump is arranged in inputing the flushing pipe with ultrapure water tank pressurization to make ultrapure water in the ultrapure water tank spout from the flushing hole and wash away the screen cloth in the flushing ring.
6. The marine diatomite sieving purification device of claim 5, wherein: the acid-base neutralization box is characterized by further comprising an acid-base neutralization box, a water drainage pipe is arranged below each screening and washing tank, and all the water drainage pipes are connected to the acid-base neutralization box.
7. The marine diatomite sieving purification device of claim 6, wherein: the ultrapure water tank and the acid-alkali neutralization tank are provided with an ultrapure water purifier, a purified water tank, a filter tank and a waste liquid collector which are connected in sequence.
8. The marine diatomite sieving purification device of claim 5, wherein: each flushing ring is internally fixed with a sieve cup, all the sieve cups are uniformly distributed with through holes, and each sieve mesh is wrapped on the outer wall of one sieve cup.
9. The marine diatomite sieving purification device of claim 5, wherein: and the left side and the right side of each screening and washing tank are respectively provided with an ultrasonic vibrator.
10. The marine diatomite sieving purification device of claim 5, wherein: all be equipped with a plurality of micro vibrator on all wash pipes, still be equipped with the multistage plastic hose on each wash pipe, the plastic hose is used for preventing vibration between a plurality of micro vibrator of wash pipe takes place mutual interference.
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| CN114469403A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-13 | 杭州民生立德医疗科技有限公司 | Surface treatment method for implant and sand blasting medium treatment device |
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