CN113319291A - Preparation method of recoverable individualized customized femoral stem based on 4D printing shape - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L27/06—Titanium or titanium alloys
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- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of 4D printing of shape memory alloys, in particular to a preparation method of a femoral stem capable of being restored and customized individually based on a 4D printed shape. Obtaining the accurate size of the individualized femoral stem on the CT image according to the orthopedic requirements; designing a 4D printing model according to the customized size by using three-dimensional design software and 4D printing special software; using an electron beam to selectively melt Ti-Ni prealloy powder with shape memory effect for 4D printing; the surface of the femoral stem is printed by 4D printing and is formed by a porosity gradient change bionic porous structure, and the core is formed by a solid Ti-Ni alloy with a shape capable of being restored after loading and unloading. On one hand, the femoral stem prepared by the invention has reversible phase change in the loading and unloading process of the Ti-Ni alloy and low elastic modulus, the elastic modulus of the surface of the femoral stem is lower after the gradient bionic porous design, and the femoral stem can be perfectly matched with human skeleton, on the other hand, the femoral stem can be customized in accordance with individuation, and the bonding strength of the femoral stem and natural bone is improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of 4D printing of shape memory alloys, in particular to a preparation method of a femoral stem capable of being restored and customized individually based on a 4D printed shape.
Background art:
with the increasing global aging, the developed transportation industry causes frequent traffic accidents, wars exist in local areas of the world, the wars can cause irreversible damage to human bodies, and the demand of medical implants as tissue substitutes is increased rapidly. Most of femoral stem implants used in domestic clinic are designed according to bone morphological parameters of western people, have differences with the national people, and cannot realize perfect matching between the femoral stem implants and medullary cavities. Meanwhile, the elastic modulus of the commonly used femoral stem implant material Ti-6Al-4V alloy is 110GPa, and the elastic modulus of the Co-Cr-Mo alloy is 210GPa which is far greater than 0.05-25 GPa of human bone tissues, so that the stress shielding phenomenon is caused, the implant is loosened or the bone is fractured again due to osteoporosis, and secondary damage is caused to the human body. Meanwhile, the compact metal implant belongs to a biological inert material, and the compact and rigid surface of the implant makes the 'ingrowth' of human bone tissues very difficult, which is not beneficial to the reconstruction, biological integration and homogenization of the implant material and the natural bone tissues of the human body.
The Ti-Ni alloy as a biological metal material has good biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, superelasticity or shape memory effect and high damping property, and the elastic modulus of the Ti-Ni alloy is lower than 80GPa and is closer to that of human bone tissues. The method adopts a 4D printing point-by-point scanning melting mode, a layer-by-layer scanning lapping mode and a layer-by-layer scanning stacking mode to selectively melt Ti-Ni prealloy powder with shape memory effect and then cool, solidify and form the required three-dimensional graph structure metal entity, can realize one-step forming of a complex metal component with a porous structure on the surface of an internal entity, and combines with orthopedics CT scanning data to prepare the personalized customized femoral stem with the surface with porosity gradient change according to the requirements of the body type of Chinese people, thereby reducing or eliminating the stress shielding effect. This 4D prints individualized customized femoral stem and can also take place solid phase transition reaction when bearing human compressive stress too big, takes place big elastic deformation, when the load uninstallation back, resumes original shape, prolongs the life of femoral stem, realizes the conceptual effect that 4D printed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a recoverable personalized customized femoral stem based on a 4D printing shape, and solves the problems that the elastic modulus of an entity femoral stem implant in the market is not matched with human skeleton, the femoral stem produced in a large scale cannot perfectly meet the individual size requirement, and the stress shielding effect and the bone combination strength are reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method for restorable personalized femoral stem based on 4D printing shape comprises the following specific processes:
(1) according to the requirements of the medical femoral stem for orthopedics department, the original size data of the femoral stem comes from the size of real CT scanning data for orthopedics department, and the requirements of individuation are completely met;
(2) the method comprises the steps of designing a 4D printing model according to the original size of a femoral stem by using three-dimensional design software and 4D printing special software, printing the designed model by using a 4D printing mode, and realizing the personalized customization of orthopedic medical treatment by using the model.
According to the preparation method for the recoverable personalized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the designed 4D printing model is inconsistent with the CT scanning structure, the core part of the designed 4D printing model is an entity, the surface area is a bionic porous structure, and the type of the bionic porous structure is adjustable.
According to the preparation method of the recoverable personalized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the porosity of the surface bionic porous structure is changed from the solid surface to the outermost periphery in a gradient manner, the porosity is 40-90%, and the porosity is controllable.
According to the preparation method of the recoverable personalized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the material used for the 4D printing is Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder with a shape memory effect, the Ti content is 49-51 at%, and the balance is Ni.
According to the preparation method of the recoverable personalized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder is prepared by a vacuum atomization method, and the particle size range is 45-106 microns.
According to the preparation method for the restorable personalized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the 4D printing mode is that electron beams are selected to be melted, the internal entity and the surface bionic porous smooth transition are prepared by adjusting the combination of Focus Offset (FO) and Speed Function (SF), the FO is-40 mA, and the SF is 0-200 mm.s-1。
According to the preparation method of the recoverable individualized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, the printing bottom plate and the powder layer in the printing process need to be continuously preheated when the 4D printing is performed through selective melting of the electron beam, and the preheating temperature range is 720-780 ℃.
The preparation method for restorable personalized femoral stem customization based on the 4D printing shape comprises the following steps of: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4mbar, powder layer thickness of 50-70 μm, acceleration voltage of 60kV, scanning current of 19mA, scanning speed of 1500mm/s, and scanning interval of 0.2 mm.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the method is based on the actual orthopedics medical treatment, and according to the size requirement of the individualized femoral stem, a model which can enable the size to be perfectly matched is designed, the pre-alloyed powder in the model design area is selectively melted in a mode of scanning and melting point by means of 4D printing, scanning and lapping layer by layer and scanning and accumulating layer by layer, and the successful preparation of the design model is realized. Ti-Ni alloy with shape memory effect and elastic modulus more matched with human body is selected for 4D printing preparation, and the surface of the designed model is composed of a bionic porous structure with gradient change of porosity, the gradient change of the porous structure realizes ordered reduction of the elastic modulus, weakens or even avoids the stress shielding effect, and simultaneously provides a channel for the ingrowth of blood vessels and the transportation of nutrition, and promotes the recovery of the human body. By adopting the method, the individualized and customized femoral stem with recoverable shape can be prepared, and the osseous combination of the femoral stem is improved.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation method of the individualized and customized femoral stem with the recoverable shape based on 4D printing can solve the problem that the implant is loosened due to the fact that the size of the femoral stem implant prepared by a conventional method is not matched with the size of the national skeleton, and individualized and customized femoral stems are realized.
2. According to the preparation method of the recoverable individualized femoral stem based on the 4D printing shape, a complex structure with a plurality of holes combined with a solid body can be obtained, the elastic modulus of the surface of the femoral stem implant body is reduced to be matched with that of a human body, meanwhile, a channel can be provided for capillary ingrowth and nutrition transportation, and the combination of the femoral stem and the human body is improved.
3. The invention relates to a preparation method of a recoverable personalized femoral stem based on a 4D printed shape, the used material is Ti-Ni alloy with shape memory effect, the rapid damage of a femoral stem implant in a human body caused by overload can be avoided, and the service life of the femoral stem implant is prolonged.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the morphology of Ti-Ni pre-alloyed powder with the size of 53-106 μm for 4D printing.
Fig. 2 is a porous surface topography of a bionic structure on the surface of a femoral stem prepared by 4D printing.
FIG. 3 is a DSC curve of bionic structure on the surface of a femoral stem prepared by 4D printing; in the figure, Temperature on the abscissa represents Temperature (. degree. C.) and Heat flow on the ordinate represents Heat flow (mW/mg).
FIG. 4 is a 4D XRD curve of a bionic structure of the femoral stem surface prepared by printing; in the figure, the abscissa 2 θ represents the diffraction angle (°), and the ordinate Intensity represents the relative Intensity (a.u ℃).
FIG. 5 is a 4D printing prepared femoral stem surface bionic structure compression curve; in the figure, the abscissa Strain represents Strain (mm/mm), and the ordinate Stress represents Stress (MPa).
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the specific implementation process, the specific implementation process of the method of the invention is as follows: obtaining the accurate size of the individualized femoral stem on the CT image according to the orthopedic requirements; designing a 4D printing model according to the customized size by using three-dimensional design software and 4D printing special software; using an electron beam to selectively melt Ti-Ni prealloy powder with shape memory effect for 4D printing; the surface of the femoral stem is printed by 4D printing and is formed by a porosity gradient change bionic porous structure, and the core is formed by a solid Ti-Ni alloy with a shape capable of being restored after loading and unloading.
The present invention will be explained in further detail below by way of examples and figures.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the personalized femoral stem customization can be restored based on the 4D printed shape, and the specific process and results are as follows:
according to CT data obtained according to actual requirements of orthopedic medical treatment, UG software is utilized to design an internal entity, a femoral stem model with a bionic porous structure on the surface is introduced into electron beam selective melting equipment after the femoral stem model is processed by 4D printing software, Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder with the particle size of 45-106 microns is used for 4D printing, and the shape of the powder is shown in figure 1.
The electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4mbar, powder layer thickness of 50 μm, acceleration voltage of 60kV, scanning current of 19mA, scanning speed of 1500mm/s, scanning interval of 0.2mm, preheating temperature of the base plate and the powder layer of 730 deg.C, speed function of 50mm/s and focal length compensation of 10 mA.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the personalized femoral stem customization can be restored based on the 4D printed shape, and the specific process and results are as follows:
according to CT data obtained according to actual requirements of orthopedic medical treatment, UG software is utilized to design an internal entity, a femoral stem model with a bionic porous structure on the surface is introduced into electron beam selective melting equipment after the femoral stem model is processed by 4D printing software, and Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder of 45-106 microns is used for 4D printing.
The electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4The thickness of the powder layer is 50 mu m, the accelerating voltage is 60kV, the scanning current is 19mA, the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.2mm, the preheating temperature of the bottom plate and the powder layer is 740 ℃, the speed function is 60mm/s and the focal length compensation is 20mA, and the prepared surface bionic structure is shown in figure 2, which shows that the prepared surface bionic porous structure has uniform pore distribution, regular pore structure and higher porosity.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the personalized femoral stem customization can be restored based on the 4D printed shape, and the specific process and results are as follows:
according to CT data obtained according to actual requirements of orthopedic medical treatment, UG software is utilized to design an internal entity, a femoral stem model with a bionic porous structure on the surface is introduced into electron beam selective melting equipment after the femoral stem model is processed by 4D printing software, and Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder of 45-106 microns is used for 4D printing.
The electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4The DSC test of the prepared surface bionic structure is shown in figure 3, which shows that the printed sample has good shape memory effect.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the personalized femoral stem customization can be restored based on the 4D printed shape, and the specific process and results are as follows:
according to CT data obtained according to actual requirements of orthopedic medical treatment, UG software is utilized to design an internal entity, a femoral stem model with a bionic porous structure on the surface is introduced into electron beam selective melting equipment after the femoral stem model is processed by 4D printing software, and Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder of 45-106 microns is used for 4D printing.
The electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4The physical analysis of the prepared surface biomimetic structure test XRD (X-ray diffraction) shows that the printed sample consists of body-centered cubic austenite (B2) and monoclinic martensite (B19) at room temperature, wherein the thickness of the powder layer is 50 microns, the acceleration voltage is 60kV, the scanning current is 19mA, the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.2mm, the preheating temperature of the bottom plate and the powder layer is 770 ℃, the speed function is 80mm/s and the focal length compensation is 30mA, and the physical analysis is shown in figure 4′) And Ti2Ni phase composition.
Example 5
In this embodiment, the personalized femoral stem customization can be restored based on the 4D printed shape, and the specific process and results are as follows:
according to CT data obtained according to actual requirements of orthopedic medical treatment, UG software is utilized to design an internal entity, a femoral stem model with a bionic porous structure on the surface is introduced into electron beam selective melting equipment after the femoral stem model is processed by 4D printing software, and Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder of 45-106 microns is used for 4D printing.
The electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4The isometric compression test result of the prepared surface bionic structure is shown in figure 5, and the isometric compression test result shows that the sample has higher compression strength.
The embodiment result shows that on one hand, the Ti-Ni alloy used for preparing the femoral stem has reversible phase change and low elastic modulus in the loading and unloading process, the elastic modulus of the surface of the femoral stem is lower after the gradient bionic porous design, and the femoral stem can be perfectly matched with human skeleton, on the other hand, the femoral stem can be customized in accordance with individuation, and the bonding strength of the femoral stem and the natural bone is improved.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a recoverable individualized femoral stem based on a 4D printed shape is characterized by comprising the following specific processes:
(1) according to the requirements of the medical femoral stem for orthopedics department, the original size data of the femoral stem comes from the size of real CT scanning data for orthopedics department, and the requirements of individuation are completely met;
(2) the method comprises the steps of designing a 4D printing model according to the original size of a femoral stem by using three-dimensional design software and 4D printing special software, printing the designed model by using a 4D printing mode, and realizing the personalized customization of orthopedic medical treatment by using the model.
2. The method for preparing the femoral stem capable of being restored and personalized based on the 4D printing shape according to claim 1, wherein the designed 4D printing model is inconsistent with a CT scanning structure, the core part of the designed 4D printing model is an entity, the surface area of the designed 4D printing model is a bionic porous structure, and the type of the bionic porous structure is adjustable.
3. The preparation method of the femoral stem capable of recovering the personalized customization based on the 4D printing shape according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the surface bionic porous structure is changed from the solid surface to the outermost periphery in a gradient manner, the porosity is 40-90%, and the porosity is controllable.
4. The method for preparing the femoral stem capable of recovering and customizing the shape based on the 4D printing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material used for the 4D printing is Ti-Ni pre-alloy powder with shape memory effect, the content of Ti is 49-51 at%, and the balance is Ni.
5. The method for preparing the femoral stem capable of recovering the personalized customization based on the 4D printing shape according to claim 4, wherein the Ti-Ni pre-alloyed powder is prepared by a vacuum atomization method, and the particle size range is 45-106 μm.
6. The method for preparing the femoral stem with the shape recoverable and personalized customization based on the 4D printing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 4D printing is performed by selective melting of an electron beam, and the internal solid and surface bionic porous smooth transition is prepared by adjusting the combination of Focus Offset (FO) and Speed Function (SF), wherein FO is-40 to 40mA, and SF is 0 to 200mm s-1。
7. The preparation method of the femoral stem capable of recovering the personalized customization based on the 4D printing shape according to claim 6, characterized in that the printing bottom plate and the powder layer in the printing process need to be continuously preheated when the 4D printing is performed through selective melting of the electron beam, and the preheating temperature ranges from 720 ℃ to 780 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the femoral stem capable of recovering the personalized customization based on the 4D printing shape according to claim 6, wherein the electron beam selective melting printing parameters are as follows: the vacuum degree of the forming bin is 10-4mbar, powder layer thickness of 50-70 μm, acceleration voltage of 60kV, scanning current of 19mA, scanning speed of 1500mm/s, and scanning interval of 0.2 mm.
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| CN114899413A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-12 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Porous titanium-nickel current collector, preparation method thereof and lithium battery |
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