CN113313817B - Three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundle based on MCT slice image and application - Google Patents
Three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundle based on MCT slice image and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundles based on MCT slice images selects a fiber bundle area as a seed area in one frame image of the MCT slice images of leather fibers, and adopts a forward tracking method and a reverse tracking method to track the extension of the fiber bundles in different longitudinal cross section areas of the same fiber bundle with the selected seed area, so as to finally obtain the cross section areas belonging to the same fiber bundle. The method adopts a forward tracking method and a reverse tracking method to track the cross section areas belonging to the same fiber bundle, and finally obtains the fiber areas belonging to the same fiber bundle for reconstructing the three-dimensional tissue form of the leather fiber bundle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundles based on an MCT slice image and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of leather image reconstruction.
Background
The woven structure of leather fibers has been a concern in the industry. So far, people have a very shallow understanding of the woven structure of leather fibers. The research on the weaving structure of the leather fiber has important theoretical value and application value.
Researchers respectively adopt a CT technology and a metallographic method to obtain sequence section images of the leather fibers, and perform image processing and analysis such as denoising, registration and segmentation on the obtained images to obtain three-dimensional reconstruction of the leather fiber bundles and some geometric morphology research results about the leather fiber bundles.
The authors Zhang Hua Yong in 2015, 12 months and 16 days, disclose "research on three-dimensional reconstruction of leather fiber woven network", respectively adopt micro-CT and metallographic methods to obtain sequential slice images of leather fibers, and by using three-dimensional image reconstruction techniques in the fields of biology, medicine, materials and the like, establish a three-dimensional digital model of a collagen fiber woven structure in chrome tanned cow leather, and perform three-dimensional reconstruction on the obtained sequential slice images of the leather fibers by means of 3D-vector software, thereby laying a key foundation for research on correlation between leather structure and performance. And further researching the morphology, the weaving mode, the bending angle and other rules of the collagen fiber bundle through a three-dimensional digital model, and finding that the collagen fiber bundle has a fractal rule. The fractal dimension of the surface of the fiber bundle in the reconstructed body is calculated by comparing and researching a fractal dimension calculation method, preferably calculating the fractal dimension of the section of the leather fiber bundle by an island method, and calculating the fractal dimension of the surface of the fiber bundle in the reconstructed body by using the perimeter and the area data of the section of the fiber bundle in the sequence image and by using the surface area and the volume data of the fiber bundle in the three-dimensional digital model and the spatial region relation formed by the fractal curved surface and the fractal curved surface.
The authors of the present invention, named as "three-dimensional reconstruction research of chrome-tanned sheepskin fiber network" disclosed in 2017, 5, 20, which states that a sequence section image of a chrome-tanned sheepskin is obtained by a metallographic method according to the special structural characteristics of a chrome-tanned sheepskin blank (chrome-tanned sheepskin for short, the same below), so that a three-dimensional digital model of the chrome-tanned sheepskin fiber network is constructed, and a foundation is laid for preliminarily researching the relationship between the structure and the performance of the chrome-tanned sheepskin. The literature clearly states that proper image preprocessing software is selected to carry out denoising, enhancing and other processing on the obtained sequence image; the registration of the sequence two-dimensional images is realized through self-developed registration software; and 3D-vector software is used for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the leather fiber bundle. By marking each individual fiber bundle with a different color and numbering, a separate display of the fiber bundles individually or as a whole is achieved.
However, one of the obvious disadvantages of the three-dimensional reconstruction of leather fiber bundles based on the metallographic method is that the leather sample for obtaining the image needs to be subjected to a resin solution soaking and curing process, and the process can cause deformation of the leather fibers, thereby affecting the three-dimensional reconstruction effect. Another drawback of the metallographic method is that the sequence of cross-sectional images obtained by the metallographic method have large intervals (i.e., layer thicknesses), a small number of images, and poor continuity. Image registration of the sequence images thus acquired is also a difficult task, sometimes relatively labor intensive, and currently there is no satisfactory solution.
The 3D-vector Software is an image processing Software developed by Able Software corporation of America and can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of MRI, CT, PET and other types of sequence sectional images, and is widely accepted and used. But the three-dimensional reconstruction process of the 3D-vector is established on the basis of pre-segmentation and labeling. The three-dimensional reconstruction effect of the 3D-factor is good for certain tissue structures which are easier to segment and label, but the 3D-factor is ineffective for certain tissue structures which are harder to segment and label. Because the distinguishing difficulty between different fiber bundles of the leather is high, the fiber bundles are marked firstly before the three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out by adopting the 3D-factor, the cross-sectional areas belonging to the same fiber bundle are marked as the same mark, and the work is usually completed manually. Therefore, the three-dimensional reconstruction of a single fiber bundle of leather fibers using 3D-Doctor is inefficient. Aiming at the three-dimensional reconstruction based on the leather fiber sequence sectional image, the rapid and effective algorithm design is extremely important.
Images acquired by a metallographic method can display finer parts, but the number of the images is small, and the difficulty and the workload of image preprocessing are high. And a microscopic X-ray tomography (MCT) technique can acquire a slice image of the internal structure of the sample without destroying the sample, which image can display a fiber woven structure having a size of several tens to several hundreds of micrometers. The MCT slice image of the leather fiber can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the leather fiber, so that the weaving structure and the weaving rule of the leather fiber can be displayed. The three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology based on the leather fiber MCT sequence image have important application value for researching the leather fiber weaving structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a three-dimensional reconstruction method of a leather fiber bundle based on an MCT slice image and application thereof, namely, a forward tracking method and a reverse tracking method are adopted to track the cross-section area belonging to the same fiber bundle, and finally, the fiber area belonging to the same fiber bundle is obtained and is used for reconstructing the three-dimensional tissue form of the leather fiber bundle.
Detailed technical scheme of the invention
A three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundles based on MCT slice images is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a fiber bundle area as a seed area in one frame image in the MCT slice image of the leather fibers; tracking the extension of the fiber bundles in different longitudinal cross section areas of the same fiber bundle with the selected seed area by adopting a forward tracking method and a reverse tracking method to finally obtain the cross section area of the same fiber bundle, wherein the fiber bundle reconstructed from the same root area is called as the same root fiber bundle;
the forward tracing method comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting a seed area in the first frame image, namely a root area, and searching an area in the second frame image, which has a common part with the seed area of the previous frame image, according to the forward sequence:
if the second frame image has an area which has a public part with the seed area of the previous frame image, the area is divided and used as the seed area of the second frame image, and the area is also the area which has the same root with the root area of the previous frame image; otherwise, the forward tracking process is ended;
2) Searching the same root area in the next frame image by taking the same root area in the second frame image as a new seed area;
3) So on until there is no new sibling region;
the reverse tracing method comprises the following steps:
1) Taking the fiber bundle area of the last frame image obtained by the forward tracking method as a seed area, searching an area which has a public part with the seed area of the previous frame image in the adjacent second frame image according to a reverse sequence, dividing the area from the original image, combining the area with the area of the same frame image obtained by the forward tracking method to be used as the seed area of the second frame image, wherein the area is inevitably the area with the same root as the root area in the first frame image selected by the forward tracking method;
2) Taking the obtained seed area of the second frame image as a new seed area, and searching the same root area in the next frame image in a reverse order;
3) This is done until the first frame image specified by the forward tracking method ends.
The forward tracking algorithm will discard some backward branches of the fiber bundle, and the backward tracking algorithm can search for some backward branches with the same root, such as the backward branches of the fiber bundle represented by the dotted line in fig. 1, which contains some untracked fiber bundles. To trace such a fiber bundle, the backward tracing can be performed after the forward tracing process is completed to trace such a branch, as shown by the solid line portion more than that shown in fig. 1 in fig. 2.
According to the invention, the three-dimensional reconstruction method of the leather fiber bundle based on the MCT slice image further comprises alternately carrying out forward tracking and backward tracking on the MCT slice image of the leather fiber for multiple times until a new fiber bundle section area cannot be tracked. The algorithm is to perform forward tracking and then perform backward tracking by taking the fiber bundle region of the first frame cross-sectional image segmented by the above process as a seed region. This alternately performs forward and backward tracking of the MCT slice image of the leather fibers multiple times until no new fiber bundle cross-sectional area can be tracked. As shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Preferably, the MCT slice image of the leather fiber is a denoised MCT slice image of the leather fiber.
The method disclosed by the invention is suitable for three-dimensional reconstruction of leather fiber in-situ MCT slice images and leather fiber embedded MCT slice images.
The invention has the technical advantages that:
1. according to the three-dimensional reconstruction method of the leather fiber bundle based on the MCT slice image, the organization structure of the three-dimensional bundle of the leather fibers can be rapidly reconstructed by tracking the same root region of a certain fiber bundle in the MCT slice image of the leather fibers in the forward direction of a frame image, and the three-dimensional shape of the leather fiber bundle is shown.
2. Because the forward tracking algorithm can lose some backward branches of the fiber bundle, the invention introduces a reverse tracking method on the basis of forward tracking to reversely track the same root region of the frame-based image.
3. The combination of forward and backward tracking is called two-way tracking. And repeatedly executing a bidirectional tracking algorithm on the MCT slice image of the leather fiber to be reconstructed until no new same root area appears, so that the three-dimensional form of the leather fiber is more complete, clear and accurate.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-4 are schematic diagrams of forward and backward tracking of a co-rooted area;
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a same-root region obtained by first forward tracing from a root region, wherein a solid line part is a same-root fiber bundle obtained by the first forward tracing, a dotted line part is a same-root fiber bundle region which cannot be traced by the first forward tracing, and an arrow to the right is a forward tracing indication arrow;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the same-root region obtained by performing the backward tracking after the first forward tracking, wherein a solid line part is the same-root fiber bundle tracked after the first forward tracking and the first backward tracking, a dotted line part is the same-root fiber bundle region not tracked yet after the first forward tracking and the first backward tracking, a rightward arrow is a forward tracking indication arrow, and a leftward arrow is a backward tracking indication arrow;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the same root region obtained by performing forward tracing again, wherein a solid part is a fiber bundle of the same root region, a dotted part is a region of the same root fiber bundle which is not traced yet, a rightward arrow is a forward tracing indication arrow, and a leftward arrow is a reverse tracing indication arrow;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the same-root region obtained by performing the backward tracing again, wherein the solid line part is the same-root fiber bundle, the dotted line part is the same-root fiber bundle region that has not yet been traced, the arrow to the right is a forward tracing indication arrow, and the arrow to the left is a backward tracing indication arrow;
figures 5 and 6 are several leather fiber bundles reconstructed using leather fiber in-situ MCT slice images obtained after forward and reverse tracking according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings of the specification, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundles based on MCT slice images selects a fiber bundle area as a seed area in one frame image in the MCT slice images of leather fibers;
and tracking the extension of the fiber bundles in different longitudinal cross section areas belonging to the same fiber bundle by adopting a forward tracking method, and finally obtaining the cross section areas belonging to the same fiber bundle.
The forward tracking method includes:
1) Selecting a seed area in the first frame image, namely a root area, and searching an area in the second frame image, which has a common part with the seed area of the previous frame image, according to the forward sequence:
if the second frame image has an area which has a public part with the seed area of the previous frame image, the area is divided and used as the seed area of the second frame image, and the area is also the same root area with the root area of the previous frame image; otherwise, the forward tracking process is ended;
2) Taking the same root area in the second frame image as a new seed area, and searching the same root area in the next frame image;
3) This is done until there are no new sibling regions, as shown in FIG. 1.
And then tracking the fiber bundle extension in different longitudinal cross section areas belonging to the same fiber bundle by adopting a reverse tracking method, and finally obtaining a fiber three-dimensional area belonging to the same fiber bundle, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Using the fiber bundle area of the last frame image obtained by the forward tracking method as a seed area, searching an area which has a common part with the seed area of the previous frame image in the adjacent second frame image according to a reverse sequence, dividing the area from the original image, combining the area with the area of the same frame image obtained by the forward tracking method to be used as the seed area of the second frame image, wherein the area is inevitably the area with the same root as the root area in the first frame image selected by the forward tracking method;
2) Taking the obtained seed area of the second frame image as a new seed area, and searching the same root area in the next frame image in a reverse order;
3) So on until the first frame image specified by the forward tracking method is finished; as shown in fig. 2.
Example 2
The method for reconstructing the leather fiber bundle three-dimensionally based on the MCT slice image as described in embodiment 1 further comprises alternately performing forward tracking and backward tracking on the MCT slice image of the leather fiber for a plurality of times until a new fiber bundle section area cannot be tracked. As shown in fig. 3 and 4. The combination of forward and backward tracking is called two-way tracking. In this process, the new root region of each frame of image must contain the root region obtained in the forward trace search process. The two-way tracking algorithm is repeated until no new co-root region appears.
Application example 1
The image acquisition and processing was performed using the method described in example 1 with the following steps:
1) Skin-like material: a small tuft of fibrous tissue stripped from the dry blue skin of the cow rump in the united states;
2) MCT image-taking equipment:
MCT tomography: skyScan2211; a camera lens: MX11002;
3) MCT tomography image parameters:
resolution ratio: 150 nm; pixel: 4032 × 4032; layer thickness: 0.31 μm; frame number: 2357, a step of mixing the raw materials;
denoising the acquired 2357 frames of MCT slice images (the MCT slice images of the leather fibers are denoised), and performing three-dimensional reconstruction on part of fiber bundles in the MCT slice images of the leather fibers by applying a bidirectional tracking algorithm, as shown in FIG. 5.
Application example 2
The method described in example 2 was used to perform image acquisition and processing as follows:
1) Skin-like material: dried cowhide;
2) MCT image capturing equipment
MCT tomography: skyScan2211; a camera lens: MX11002;
3) MCT tomographic image features
Pixel: 4032 × 4032; layer thickness: 0.31 μm; frame number: 1578;
denoising the obtained 1578 frame MCT slice image (the MCT slice image of the leather fiber is the denoised MCT slice image of the leather fiber), and performing three-dimensional reconstruction on part of the fiber bundles by applying a bidirectional tracking algorithm, as shown in FIG. 6.
Example 3
The methods described in examples 1 and 2 are also applicable to the three-dimensional reconstruction of leather fiber in situ MCT slice images and leather fiber embedded MCT slice images.
Claims (3)
1. A three-dimensional reconstruction method of leather fiber bundles based on MCT slice images is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a fiber bundle area as a seed area in an MCT slice image of leather fibers in one frame of the slice image of the leather fibers, and tracking the extension of the fiber bundles in different longitudinal cross section areas of the same fiber bundle with the selected seed area by adopting a forward tracking method and a reverse tracking method to finally obtain the fiber area belonging to the same fiber bundle;
the forward tracing method comprises the following steps:
1-1) selecting a seed region in the first frame image, namely a root region, and searching a region in the second frame image, which has a common part with the seed region of the previous frame image, according to the forward sequence:
if the second frame image has an area which has a public part with the seed area of the previous frame image, the area is divided and used as the seed area of the second frame image, and the area is also the same root area with the root area of the previous frame image; otherwise, the forward tracking process is ended;
1-2) taking the same root area in the second frame image as a new seed area to search the same root area in the next frame image;
1-3) repeating the above 1-1) -1-2) tracing process until there is no new homologous region;
the reverse tracing method comprises the following steps:
2-1) taking the fiber bundle area of the last frame image obtained by the forward tracking method as a seed area, searching an area which has a common part with the seed area of the previous frame image in the adjacent second frame image in a reverse sequence, dividing the area from the original image, and combining the area with the area of the second frame image obtained by the forward tracking method to be used as the seed area of the second frame image, wherein the area is inevitably the area which has the same root with the root area in the first frame image selected by the forward tracking method;
2-2) searching the same root area in the next frame image in a reverse order by taking the obtained seed area of the second frame image as a new seed area;
2-3) repeating the 2-1) -2-2) tracking process until the first frame image specified by the forward tracking method is completed;
the three-dimensional reconstruction method further comprises the steps of alternately carrying out forward tracking and backward tracking on the MCT slice images of the leather fibers for multiple times until a new fiber bundle section area cannot be tracked; the combination of forward and backward tracking is called bi-directional tracking, and the new co-root region of each frame of image must include the co-root region obtained from the forward tracking search process, and bi-directional tracking is repeated until no more new co-root regions appear.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MCT slice image of leather fibers is a denoised MCT slice image of leather fibers.
3. Use of the method according to any of claims 1-2: the method is suitable for three-dimensional reconstruction of leather fiber in-situ MCT slice images and leather fiber embedded MCT slice images.
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| CN110992439A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-10 | 上海联影智能医疗科技有限公司 | Fiber bundle tracking method, computer device and storage medium |
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| KR20150099375A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Computer tomography apparatus and method for reconstructing a computer tomography image thereof |
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