CN113312861B - CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of blast furnace cyclone zone - Google Patents
CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of blast furnace cyclone zone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a blast furnace raceway, which comprises the following steps: establishing a cyclotron geometric model by using three-dimensional modeling software, setting size parameters of the cyclotron geometric model, and setting basic solving parameters; establishing a fluid phase control equation in the transmission process according to a computational fluid dynamics method; establishing a solid phase control equation according to a discrete unit method; and calculating the porosity and the particle-fluid interaction force in the grid of the geometrical model of the cyclotron region according to a discrete unit method, determining the position and the speed information of a single particle at the next time step by combining the discrete unit method and a computational fluid dynamics method, and circulating according to the steps until the preset simulation time is reached to form a dynamically balanced cyclotron region. In the invention, different blowing speeds and bed widths are selected for calculation, and the gas-solid flow effect is compared, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the optimized control of the appearance and the like of an actual convolution area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer numerical simulation, in particular to a method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a blast furnace raceway based on a CFD-DEM coupling model.
Background
Modern blast furnaces are high-temperature high-pressure reactors involving reverse, co-current and cross-current flow of four phases, gas, powder, liquid and solid, with complex heat and mass transfer chemical reactions and strong interphase interactions. In the blast furnace, the physical areas from top to bottom can be divided into block zones, reflow zones, dripping zones, dead material columns, tuyere raceway zones and hearth zones according to the state and the flow property of the material.
In the above-mentioned region, the tuyere raceway region located in the lower portion of the blast furnace, which is a source of heat and reducing gas generation of the entire blast furnace, is an important reaction region indispensable for stable operation of the blast furnace, is particularly important. The mechanism of forming the tuyere raceway on the front edge of the blast furnace tuyere is always taken into consideration by ironmaking workers, and various detailed researches are carried out to form a plurality of theoretical and mathematical models about the forming mode, the shape characteristics, the heat transfer, the mass transfer and the like of the tuyere raceway. But the physical conditions of high temperature and high pressure in the tuyere raceway and the complicated chemical reaction process in which three phases coexist lead to the complication of problems. At present, a uniform tuyere raceway theory is not formed, so that the change rule of the tuyere raceway characteristic is not really mastered.
The method can understand that the gas-solid flow mode and the micromechanics characteristic of the tuyere raceway are mastered, and the method has important significance for accurately understanding the formation, size and shape characteristics of the tuyere raceway of the blast furnace, mastering the mechanism of the physicochemical process in the tuyere raceway, the temperature, speed, distribution condition of gas components and other parameters in the raceway, and further ensuring smooth and stable operation of blast furnace smelting.
In order to reliably and accurately describe the multiphase substance flow and thermochemical behavior of the tuyere raceway, optimal control strategies such as the optimal tuyere raceway morphology and the like can be formulated under different raw materials, pulverized coal injection and operating conditions. Based on this, it is necessary to establish a method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability in the cyclone zone.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of a raceway so as to make optimal control strategies such as optimal tuyere raceway morphology and the like under different raw materials, pulverized coal injection and operation conditions.
The invention provides a CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a rotary area of a blast furnace, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
utilizing three-dimensional modeling software to establish a convolution area geometric model, setting size parameters of the convolution area geometric model, adopting a structural method to carry out mesh division on the convolution area geometric model, and setting basic solving parameters, wherein the basic solving parameters at least comprise: inlet gas velocity, gas density, particle diameter, total bed particle retention, and time step;
Step two:
establishing a fluid phase control equation in the transmission process according to a method for calculating fluid dynamics, wherein the fluid phase control equation comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation;
step three:
establishing a solid phase control equation according to a discrete unit method, wherein the solid phase control equation comprises a particle motion control equation;
step four:
generating an initial bed layer with a preset number of particles by a discrete unit method, discharging the particles above a convolution area at a discharge rate of a first preset rate, and simultaneously feeding materials above the initial bed layer at the same rate to ensure that the height of the initial bed layer is unchanged; calculating porosity and particle-fluid interaction force in a grid of the geometric model of the convolution region according to a discrete cell method;
and according to the porosity and the particle-fluid interaction force, combining the discrete unit method and the computational fluid dynamics method to determine the position and speed information of the single particle in the next time step, and circulating according to the steps until a preset simulation time is reached to form a dynamically balanced convolution region.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace raceway, wherein in the step one, the geometrical width, the height and the thickness of the geometric model of the raceway are 2.7m, 12m and 0.12m respectively.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the blast furnace cyclone zone is characterized in that in the first step, a structural method is adopted to carry out grid division on the cyclone zone geometric model, and the size of a grid is 2 times of the size of particles.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace comprises the following steps of: the inlet gas velocity is 50-110 m/s, and the gas density is 1.2kg/m 3 The particle density is 2500kg/m 3 The particle diameter is 30mm, the total retention number of the particles in the bed layer is 40000, and the time step length is 5.53 e-05.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace raceway, wherein in the second step, the continuity equation is expressed as follows:
where ρ is f Is the gas density,. epsilon f Is the gas local porosity and u is the gas superficial velocity.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace is characterized in that in the second step, the momentum equation is expressed as:
wherein p is gas pressure, F fp Is the interaction force among gas particles in unit volume, g is the gravity acceleration, and tau is the gas phase stress tensor.
The CFD-DEM coupling model-based method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace raceway, wherein in the third step, the particle motion control equation is expressed as follows:
wherein m is i Is the ith particle mass;
v i is the ith particle horizontal velocity;
f e，ij is the elastic force between the ith particle and the jth particle;
f d，ij is the viscous damping force between the ith particle and the jth particle;
f d，ij is the force between the ith particle and the fluid;
m i g is the gravity of the ith particle;
I i is the i-th particle moment of inertia;
ω i the rotation speed of the ith particle;
T t，ij is the tangential moment between the ith particle and the jth particle;
T r，ij is the rolling friction torque between the ith particle and the jth particle.
The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace cyclone zone based on the CFD-DEM coupling model comprises the following steps:
different blowing speeds were selected to calculate the gas-solid flow conditions in the cyclone zone, wherein the blowing speeds included 70m/s, 77.5m/s, 80m/s and 95 m/s.
The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the rotary area of the blast furnace based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has the following specific beneficial effects:
1. the method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the rotary area of the blast furnace based on the CFD-DEM coupling model adopts the simplified physical model, shortens the calculation time and reduces the calculation cost.
2. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace cyclone zone based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has high calculation precision and strong applicability, and can be suitable for gas-solid flow of other different cyclone zone models.
3. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace convolution area based on the CFD-DEM coupling model, provided by the invention, has the advantages that different blowing speeds and bed widths are selected for calculation, and the gas-solid flow effect is compared, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the optimization control of the actual convolution area appearance and the like.
4. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace cyclone zone based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has the remarkable advantages of low cost, high precision and the like, and can easily obtain certain cyclone zone gas-solid flow modes and micro-mechanical property distribution rules which are not easily obtained by an experimental method.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, or in part may be learned by the practice of the above-described techniques of the disclosure, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a blast furnace cyclone zone based on a CFD-DEM coupling model, which is provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of the flow pattern of the swirl zone with an increase in blowing speed at a bed width of 2.7m in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing different flow patterns of the swirling zone under different bed widths in the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In order to reliably and accurately describe the multiphase substance flow and thermochemical behavior of the tuyere raceway, optimal control strategies such as optimal tuyere raceway morphology and the like can be formulated under different raw materials, pulverized coal injection and operating conditions. Based on this, it is necessary to establish a method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability in the raceway.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a blast furnace cyclone zone based on a CFD-DEM coupling model, wherein the method includes the following steps:
s101, establishing a convolution region geometric model by using three-dimensional modeling software, setting size parameters of the convolution region geometric model, performing mesh division on the convolution region geometric model by using a structural method, and setting basic solving parameters.
It should be noted here that the three-dimensional modeling software is pro three-dimensional modeling software. Specifically, for the dimensional parameters of the geometric model of the convolution region, the geometric width is 2.7m, the height is 12m, and the thickness is 0.12 m. I.e. a bed width of 2.7 m. In addition, CFD represents computational fluid dynamics, and DEM represents a discrete element method.
In this embodiment, a structured method is adopted to perform mesh division on the geometric model of the convolution region, and the size of a mesh is 2 times of the size of a particle. The inlet adopts a speed inlet boundary condition, the outlet adopts a pressure outlet boundary condition, and the wall surface adopts a periodic boundary condition.
Further, the basic solution parameters at least include: inlet gas velocity, gas density, particle diameter, total bed particle retention, and time step. Specifically, among the basic solution parameters: the inlet gas velocity is 50-110 m/s, and the gas density is 1.2kg/m 3 The particle density is 2500kg/m 3 The particle diameter is 30mm, the total retention number of the particles in the bed layer is 40000, and the time step length is 5.53 e-05.
S102, establishing a fluid phase control equation in the transmission process according to a computational fluid dynamics method, wherein the fluid phase control equation comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation.
In this step, the continuity equation is expressed as:
where ρ is f As gas density, corresponding units are kg/m 3 ；ε f Is the gas local porosity, u is the gas apparent velocityAnd degree, corresponding to the unit of m/s.
The momentum equation is expressed as:
wherein p is gas pressure and the corresponding unit is Pa; f fp Is the interaction force among gas particles in unit volume, and the corresponding unit is N; g is the acceleration of gravity, and the corresponding unit is m/s 2 (ii) a τ is the gas phase stress tensor, corresponding in units of Pa.
S103, establishing a solid phase control equation according to a discrete unit method, wherein the solid phase control equation comprises a particle motion control equation.
In this step, the particle motion control equation is expressed as:
wherein m is i Is the ith granule mass, kg;
v i is the ith particle horizontal velocity, m/s;
f e，ij is the elastic force between the ith particle and the jth particle, N;
f d，ij is the viscous damping force between the ith and jth particles, N;
f d，ij is the force between the ith particle and the fluid, N;
m i g is the gravity of the ith particle, N;
I i is the i-th particle moment of inertia, kg · m 2 ；
ω i Is the rotation speed of the ith particle, rad/s;
T t，ij is the ith particleAnd the tangential moment between the jth particle, N · m;
T r，ij is the rolling friction torque, N · m, between the ith particle and the jth particle.
S104, generating an initial bed layer with a preset number of particles by a discrete unit method, discharging the particles above a convolution region at a discharge rate of a first preset rate, and simultaneously feeding materials above the initial bed layer at the same rate to ensure that the height of the initial bed layer is unchanged; calculating porosity and particle-fluid interaction force in a grid of the geometric model of the convolution region according to a discrete cell method; and (3) according to the porosity and the particle-fluid interaction force, combining the discrete unit method and the computational fluid dynamics method to determine the position and speed information of the single particle of the next time step, and circulating according to the steps until reaching the preset simulation time to form a dynamically balanced cyclotron region.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2(a), an initial bed of 40000 granules was first formed by the discrete unit process, and the granules were discharged at a discharge rate of 0.64kg/s above the swirling zone while feeding above the initial bed was maintained at the same rate, thereby ensuring that the overall initial bed height was constant. It should be noted that the initial bed refers to the initial state of particle generation.
Then, the porosity, particle-fluid interaction force, in the mesh of the geometric model of the convolution is calculated according to the discrete cell method. Finally, the porosity and particle-fluid interaction forces are combined with the discrete unit method and the computational fluid dynamics method to determine the position and velocity information of the individual particles for the next time step. And circulating according to the above steps until the preset simulation time is reached, and finishing the calculation.
Furthermore, after the calculation is finished according to the above circulation until the preset simulation time is reached, the calculation result needs to be analyzed.
Specifically, the blowing speeds are respectively selected to be 70m/s, 77.5m/s, 80m/s and 95m/s, the gas-solid flow state of the cyclone zone is calculated, and the simulation time is 80 s.
As shown in fig. 2(b) to 2(e), the particle flow pattern at 80s is shown in fig. 2(b), 2(c) and 2 (d): at blowing speeds of 70m/s, 77.5m/s and 80m/s, respectively, the convolutes formed reached a state of dynamic equilibrium. While in fig. 2(e) it can be seen that: when the velocity reaches 95m/s, the dynamic equilibrium of the swirling zone is disrupted and the bed reaches a fluidized state.
As shown in fig. 3(a) to 3(d), typical several swirl zone flow phases with bed widths of 1.8m, 2.1m, 2.4m and 3.6m, respectively, include an initial bed quiescent phase, a swirl zone dynamic equilibrium phase and a bed fully fluidized phase. The blowing speeds in the dynamic equilibrium stage of the raceway of FIGS. 3(b) to 3(d) were 65m/s, 70m/s, and 90m/s, respectively. The critical velocities for reaching the fluidized state in FIGS. 3(a) to 3(d) were 57.5m/s, 72.5m/s, 80m/s and 115m/s, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 3 (a): a bed width of 1.8m is one in which a dynamic equilibrium rotor cannot be formed, but is directly shifted from the initial stationary phase to the completely fluidized phase, with the increase in the bed width. In both FIGS. 3(a) to 3(d), there are dynamically balanced convolution stages, which illustrate that the convolution is formed with a minimum critical bed width value, 56 times the particle diameter when two gas inlets are present, and the blowing speed is selected to be a suitable value to form a dynamically balanced convolution.
The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the rotary area of the blast furnace based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has the following specific beneficial effects:
1. the method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the rotary area of the blast furnace based on the CFD-DEM coupling model adopts the simplified physical model, shortens the calculation time and reduces the calculation cost.
2. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace raceway based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has high calculation precision and strong applicability, and can be suitable for gas-solid flow of other different raceway models.
3. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace convolution area based on the CFD-DEM coupling model, provided by the invention, has the advantages that different blowing speeds and bed widths are selected for calculation, and the gas-solid flow effect is compared, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the optimization control of the actual convolution area appearance and the like.
4. The method for analyzing the gas-solid flow stability of the blast furnace cyclone zone based on the CFD-DEM coupling model has the remarkable advantages of low cost, high precision and the like, and can easily obtain certain cyclone zone gas-solid flow modes and micro-mechanical property distribution rules which are not easily obtained by an experimental method.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for analyzing gas-solid flow stability of a rotary area of a blast furnace based on a CFD-DEM coupling model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
utilizing three-dimensional modeling software to establish a convolution area geometric model, setting size parameters of the convolution area geometric model, adopting a structural method to carry out mesh division on the convolution area geometric model, and setting basic solving parameters, wherein the basic solving parameters at least comprise: inlet gas velocity, gas density, particle diameter, total bed particle retention, and time step;
step two:
establishing a fluid phase control equation in the transmission process according to a computational fluid dynamics method, wherein the fluid phase control equation comprises a continuity equation and a momentum equation;
step three:
establishing a solid phase control equation according to a discrete unit method, wherein the solid phase control equation comprises a particle motion control equation;
step four:
generating an initial bed layer with a preset number of particles by a discrete unit method, discharging the particles above a convolution area at a discharge rate of a first preset rate, and simultaneously feeding materials above the initial bed layer at the same rate to ensure that the height of the initial bed layer is unchanged; calculating porosity and particle-fluid interaction force in a grid of the geometric model of the convolution region according to a discrete cell method;
And (3) according to the porosity and the particle-fluid interaction force, combining the discrete unit method and the computational fluid dynamics method to determine the position and speed information of the single particle of the next time step, and circulating according to the steps until reaching the preset simulation time to form a dynamically balanced cyclotron region.
2. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the cyclone zone of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the geometrical width, the height and the thickness of the geometrical model of the cyclone zone are respectively 2.7m, 12m and 0.12m, respectively.
3. The CFD-DEM coupled model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the cyclone zone of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the geometrical model of the cyclone zone is gridded by a structured method, and the size of the gridding is 2 times of the particle size.
4. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the basic solution parameters comprise: the inlet gas velocity is 50-110 m/s, and the gas density is 1.2kg/m 3 The particle density is 2500kg/m 3 And granulesDiameter of 30mm, total retention number of bed particles of 40000 and time step of 5.53 e-05.
5. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the continuity equation is expressed as:
where ρ is f Is the gas density,. epsilon f Is the gas local porosity and u is the gas superficial velocity.
6. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the second step, the momentum equation is expressed as:
wherein p is gas pressure, F fp Is the interaction force among gas particles in unit volume, g is the gravity acceleration, and tau is the gas phase stress tensor.
7. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the cyclone zone of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the particle motion control equation is expressed as:
wherein m is i Is the ith particle mass;
v i is the ith particle horizontal velocity;
f e，ij is the elastic force between the ith particle and the jth particle;
f d，ij is the viscous damping force between the ith particle and the jth particle;
f d，ij Is the force between the ith particle and the fluid;
m i g is the gravity of the ith particle;
I i is the i-th particle moment of inertia;
ω i the rotation speed of the ith particle;
T t，ij is the tangential moment between the ith particle and the jth particle;
T r，ij is the rolling friction torque between the ith particle and the jth particle.
8. The CFD-DEM coupling model-based gas-solid flow stability analysis method for the rotary area of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the step four, the method further comprises the following steps:
different blowing speeds were selected to calculate the gas-solid flow conditions in the cyclone zone, wherein the blowing speeds included 70m/s, 77.5m/s, 80m/s and 95 m/s.
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