CN113310822A - Airport pavement sealing layer high horizontal force shearing test device and test method - Google Patents

Airport pavement sealing layer high horizontal force shearing test device and test method Download PDF

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CN113310822A
CN113310822A CN202110575186.3A CN202110575186A CN113310822A CN 113310822 A CN113310822 A CN 113310822A CN 202110575186 A CN202110575186 A CN 202110575186A CN 113310822 A CN113310822 A CN 113310822A
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shear
cement concrete
sealing layer
test piece
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CN113310822B (en
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高磊
吉雪
柯世堂
张叶
邓行宽
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract

本发明公开机场道面封层大水平力剪切试验装置，包括UTM试验机，其特征在于：还包括水泥混凝土板、环氧沥青砂雾封层、环氧粘结剂和金属板。所述环氧粘结剂将金属板及水泥混凝土板‑环氧沥青砂雾封层粘结固定成三层结构试件；所述三层结构试件由UTM机的固定架上的左右夹头加紧固定，由UTM机的荷载夹头施加竖向应力。

Figure 202110575186

The invention discloses a large horizontal force shearing test device for the sealing layer of airport pavement, including a UTM testing machine, which is characterized in that it also includes a cement concrete plate, an epoxy asphalt sand mist sealing layer, an epoxy adhesive and a metal plate. The epoxy adhesive bonds and fixes the metal plate and the cement concrete plate-epoxy asphalt sand mist seal into a three-layer structure test piece; the three-layer structure test piece is fixed by the left and right chucks on the fixing frame of the UTM machine Tighten and fix, and apply vertical stress by the load chuck of the UTM machine.

Figure 202110575186

Description

Airport pavement sealing layer high horizontal force shearing test device and test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large horizontal force shear test method for an airport pavement sealing layer, and belongs to the technical field of airport pavement sealing layer performance test.
Background
At present, no instrument specially aiming at the sealing layer shearing force of the airport pavement surface is available, and the instrument mainly aims at the shearing instrument of the bonding material between the highway pavement layers and mainly comprises three types of direct shearing type, torsion type and oblique shearing type test instruments. The direct shear type experiment instrument adopts one end of a fixed test piece and applies a force parallel to the plane of the bonding layer to the other end to realize the shear strength test of the bonding layer; the torsion type experiment instrument completes the shear strength test by fixing one end of the test piece and applying torque to the other end; the oblique shear type tester is different from the direct shear type tester in that an oblique bonding surface is arranged, and the shear strength test of the bonding layer is completed by applying the axial force of the bonding layer. The above described shearing apparatus has the following disadvantages:
the direct shear type tester comprises: a large bending moment is generated at the bonding layer part, and the interlaminar damage cannot be ensured to be completely caused by shearing damage;
a torsion tester: the influence of interlayer friction is not considered, and under the condition of an actual airport pavement, the horizontal force acted on the pavement by the airplane usually comprises the friction between the airplane wheel and the pavement when the airplane normally slides;
③ oblique shearing type tester: failure prior to bonding surface can occur during the course of the experiment.
Along with the continuous increase of air traffic, under the long-term effect of load and environment, the phenomenon that more and more airport cement pavements have not enough anti-skidding performance appears, brings the hidden danger for airport safe operation. As a preventive maintenance technology, the sand fog seal layer has a good treatment effect on the insufficient skid resistance of the airport pavement, but the problem of stripping which occurs when the service life is not reached in the actual engineering becomes a key for restricting the popularization of the technology. The adhesion of the seal needs to be accurately evaluated, and in the aspect of evaluating the influence of large horizontal force on the seal, no large horizontal force shear test aiming at complex stress of the seal of the airport pavement and special environments of airports exists at present, and more interlayer adhesion tests such as additional pavement of new and old pavements, white and black airfield pavement and the like are concentrated.
The seal layer is very thin, and according to the previous test method, the measured interlaminar shear cannot be guaranteed to be generated between the cement pavement and the seal layer, so that the test has large errors, and the seal layer cohesiveness cannot be evaluated correctly. Therefore, a high-horizontal-force shear test method for the airport pavement sealing layer needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for the airport pavement sealing layer large horizontal force shear test, which has the advantages of simple test, strong operability and high precision.
The technical scheme is as follows: big horizontal force shear test device of airport pavement sealing, including the UTM testing machine, its characterized in that: the epoxy asphalt mortar is characterized by also comprising a cement concrete plate, an epoxy asphalt sand fog seal layer, an epoxy adhesive and a metal plate.
The epoxy adhesive bonds and fixes the metal plate, the cement concrete plate and the epoxy asphalt sand fog seal layer into a three-layer structure test piece; the three-layer structure test piece is fastened and fixed by a left chuck and a right chuck on a fixing frame of the UTM machine, and vertical stress is applied by a load chuck of the UTM machine.
The invention also discloses a large horizontal force shear test method for the airport pavement sealing layer, which adopts the experimental device of claim 1 and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
first, the combined test piece is formed
Uniformly spraying prepared sealing layers with different mixing ratios on a cement concrete slab, and after the sealing layer maintenance is finished, cutting the combined test block longitudinally and transversely to divide the combined test block into square test pieces with the length and the width of 10cm so as to adapt to the size of a fixed support chuck in a shearing test device;
second, testing step
2.1) adhering the metal plate to one side of a seal layer of the combined test piece by using epoxy resin AB glue strong glue to manufacture a three-layer structure of a cement flat plate, the seal layer and the metal plate; fixing a test piece by using a UTM machine fixing frame, and uniformly applying the acting force of a load chuck on a cement concrete slab to ensure that a shearing acting surface is positioned between a hardened cement slab and a sand fog sealing layer;
2.2) the situation of large horizontal force applied to the airplane during turning is effectively simulated through the vertical stress applied by the load chuck; the influence of the air temperature on the shear strength of the seal layer when the airplane turns is effectively simulated by adjusting the temperature in the UTM testing machine box to 10 ℃, 30 ℃, 50 ℃ and 70 ℃; recording tangential vertical load and tangential displacement data of the test piece by a computer, calculating the shearing strength Tc of the interlayer interface by a formula (1), drawing a shearing stress-displacement curve graph and carrying out descending curve stage fitting:
Figure BDA0003082375070000021
in the formula: tc-interlaminar interfacial shear strength (MPa);
p-shear load (N);
a-interfacial layer area (mm)2)；
2.3) calculating the interlaminar fracture energy according to equation (2) based on the shear stress-displacement curve of step 2.2:
Figure BDA0003082375070000022
in the formula:
Figure BDA0003082375070000031
interfacial fracture energy (J/m)2)；
Tc-interlaminar interfacial shear strength (MPa);
area (mm) of curve formed by S-shear stress-displacement curve and coordinate axis2)；
And thirdly, analyzing results, and more accurately evaluating the crack resistance of the airport pavement sealing layer by calculating the fracture energy.
The test method also comprises a test piece forming step, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the mass of various materials according to the mixing proportion of cement concrete, and mixing by adopting a small concrete mixer;
then, pouring the cement concrete into a wood test mold, vibrating and compacting the cement concrete on a cement concrete vibrating table, scraping the place with uneven surface by using a scraper, and performing surface grooving or stone embedding treatment according to the scheme requirement after the cement concrete surface is slightly dry and hard;
and finally, demolding, placing the concrete slab into a standard curing room for curing, and preparing the cement concrete slab.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention is different from the defects that most of common shear tests can only measure the adhesive force between new and old pavements of a highway pavement, between bridge layers and between white-to-black layers of an airport pavement, and provides a novel method for shear test of the large horizontal force of the airport pavement sealing layer by considering the factors of the large horizontal force of the airport pavement and the thinner thickness of the airport pavement sealing layer.
2) According to the invention, by changing the bonding mode between the test piece materials, the shearing action is ensured to be only generated between the cement concrete slab and the seal layer, the test error is reduced, and the accuracy of the measurement result is improved.
3) The invention utilizes the UTM testing machine to change the test temperature, thereby effectively simulating the influence of the load effect and the air temperature of the airplane on the shear strength of the seal layer when the airplane turns, acquiring the change of the shear strength of the seal layer under the actual temperature condition, and conforming to the influence of the actual service environment on the seal layer of the airport pavement.
4) The invention fills the blank of the prior art for the shear test method of the airport pavement sealing layer, provides the shear test method of the airport pavement sealing layer under the action of large horizontal force, and provides real and effective theoretical support for deeply researching the adhesiveness of the airport pavement sealing layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shear test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of shear load versus displacement and a fitted graph of a descending curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a large horizontal force shear test device for an airport pavement sealing layer, which mainly includes a fixing frame 1, a cement concrete slab 3, an epoxy asphalt sand fog sealing layer 4, an epoxy adhesive 5, a load chuck 2 and a metal plate 6.
The epoxy adhesive 5 adopts epoxy resin AB strong glue, and the epoxy resin AB strong glue is used for respectively bonding and fixing the metal plate 6 and the cement concrete plate 3-epoxy asphalt sand fog seal 4 into a three-layer structure test piece.
The fixing frame 1 comprises a left fixing support and a right fixing support, the left fixing support and the right fixing support are respectively provided with a fixing chuck, and the three-layer structure test piece is fixed through the left fixing support chuck and the right fixing support chuck of the fixing frame. The fixing frame 1 and the load chuck of the embodiment are both based on the existing structural components on the UTM testing machine.
In order to evaluate the adhesiveness of the airport pavement sealing layer, the present example also provides a shear test method of the airport pavement sealing layer with a large horizontal force. The main equipment for the high horizontal force shear test is a large-scale material testing machine UTM. For the epoxy resin asphalt sand fog seal, water-based epoxy resin (A component), amine curing agent (B component), emulsified asphalt and basalt aggregate are selected as main seal materials, seal materials with different mixing ratios and thicknesses are designed and uniformly sprayed on a formed cement concrete slab to manufacture a seal combined test piece.
The airport pavement sealing layer high horizontal force shear test mentioned in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
first, test piece forming
1.1) Cement concrete slab test piece Molding
Firstly weighing the mass of various materials according to the mixing proportion of cement concrete, mixing by adopting a small concrete mixer, pouring into a wood test mould, vibrating on a cement concrete vibrating table to be compact, scraping the place with uneven surface by using a scraper, performing surface grooving or stone embedding treatment according to the scheme requirement after the surface of the cement concrete is slightly dry and hard, then demoulding, and finally putting into a standard curing room for curing, and preparing the cement concrete slab.
1.2) preparation of epoxy resin asphalt Sand fog seal
Preparing epoxy asphalt sand fog seal layers with different mixing proportions by using aqueous epoxy resin (A component), amine curing agent (B component), emulsified asphalt and basalt aggregate.
1.3) Forming of Combined test pieces
The prepared sealing layers with different mixing ratios are uniformly sprayed on a cement concrete slab, and after the sealing layer maintenance is finished, the combined test block is cut longitudinally and transversely and is divided into square test pieces with the length and the width of 10cm so as to adapt to the size of a fixed support chuck in a shearing test device.
Second, testing step
And 2.1) adhering the metal plate to one side of the seal layer of the combined test piece by using epoxy resin AB glue strong glue to manufacture a three-layer structure of a cement flat plate, the seal layer and the metal plate. The test piece is fixed by the fixing frame, and the size of the cross section of the load chuck is half of that of the cement concrete slab, so that the acting force from the UTM is uniformly applied to the cement concrete slab, and the shearing acting surface is ensured to be positioned between the hardened cement slab and the sand fog sealing layer.
2.2) the situation of large horizontal force applied to the airplane during turning is effectively simulated through the vertical stress applied by the load chuck; the influence of the air temperature on the shear strength of the seal layer when the airplane turns is effectively simulated by adjusting the temperature in the UTM testing machine box to 10 ℃, 30 ℃, 50 ℃ and 70 ℃. Recording tangential vertical load and tangential displacement data of the test piece by a computer, calculating the shearing strength Tc of the interlayer interface by a formula (1), drawing a shearing stress-displacement curve graph and carrying out descending curve stage fitting:
Figure BDA0003082375070000051
in the formula: tc-interlaminar interfacial shear strength (MPa);
p-shear load (N);
a-interfacial layer area (mm)2)。
The shear stress-displacement curve and curve-down phase fit are shown in figure 2.
2.3) calculating the interlaminar fracture energy according to equation (2) based on the shear stress-displacement curve of step 2.2:
Figure BDA0003082375070000052
in the formula:
Figure BDA0003082375070000053
interfacial fracture energy (J/m)2)；
Tc-interlaminar interfacial shear strength (MPa);
area (mm) of curve formed by S-shear stress-displacement curve and coordinate axis2)。
Third step, result analysis
The method fully considers the characteristic that the sealing layer of the airport pavement is thinner, fixes the metal plate and the cement slab-sealing layer by the epoxy adhesive to prepare a cement slab-sealing layer-metal block three-layer test piece, and ensures that the shearing action comes from between the sealing layer and the cement concrete slab; the shear test device of the embodiment has a delicate structure, and can directly simulate the condition of large horizontal force borne by the airport pavement in an actual service state through the shear test device; meanwhile, the crack resistance of the airport pavement sealing layer can be more accurately evaluated by calculating the fracture energy.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1.机场道面封层大水平力剪切试验装置，包括UTM试验机，其特征在于：还包括水泥混凝土板、环氧沥青砂雾封层、环氧粘结剂和金属板；所述环氧粘结剂将金属板及水泥混凝土板-环氧沥青砂雾封层粘结固定成三层结构试件；所述三层结构试件由UTM机的固定架上的左右夹头加紧固定，且由UTM机的荷载夹头施加竖向应力。1. the large horizontal force shearing test device of the airport road surface seal layer, including the UTM test machine, is characterized in that: also comprises cement concrete slab, epoxy asphalt sand mist seal layer, epoxy binder and metal plate; The metal plate and the cement concrete plate-epoxy asphalt sand fog sealing layer are bonded and fixed into a three-layer structure test piece by oxygen binder; the three-layer structure test piece is tightened and fixed by the left and right clamps on the fixing frame of the UTM machine, And the vertical stress is applied by the load chuck of the UTM machine. 2.一种机场道面封层大水平力剪切试验方法，采用权利要求1所述的实验装置，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：2. a large horizontal force shearing test method for airport road surface seal layer, adopts the experimental device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 第一步，组合试件成型The first step is to form the composite test piece 将制备好的不同配合比封层均匀的喷洒在水泥混凝土板上，待封层养护结束，对组合试块进行纵横切割，分成长宽均为10cm的方块试件以适应剪切试验装置中固定支架夹头的尺寸；The prepared sealing layers with different mix ratios were evenly sprayed on the cement concrete slab. After the curing of the sealing layer was completed, the combined test blocks were cut vertically and horizontally, and divided into square test pieces with a length and width of 10 cm to adapt to the fixing in the shear test device. The size of the bracket chuck; 第二步，试验步骤The second step, the test step 2.1)将金属板用环氧树脂AB胶强力胶水粘在组合试件的封层一侧，制作水泥平板-封层-金属板的三层结构；利用UTM机固定架固定试件，载荷夹头作用力均匀的施加在水泥混凝土板上，保证剪切作用面位于硬化水泥板和砂雾封层之间；2.1) Adhere the metal plate with epoxy resin AB glue to the sealing layer side of the composite test piece to make a three-layer structure of cement plate-sealing layer-metal plate; use the UTM machine holder to fix the test piece, load the chuck The force is evenly applied to the cement concrete slab to ensure that the shearing surface is located between the hardened cement slab and the sand mist seal; 2.2)通过荷载夹头施加的竖向应力，有效模拟飞机在转弯时受到的大水平力的情况；通过调节UTM试验机箱内温度10℃、30℃、50℃、70℃，进而有效模拟飞机在转弯时气温对封层的剪切强度影响；由计算机记录切向竖直荷载和试件的切向位移数据，由公式(1)计算层间界面剪切强度Tc，并绘制剪切应力-位移曲线图并进行下降曲线阶段拟合:2.2) The vertical stress exerted by the load chuck can effectively simulate the large horizontal force when the aircraft is turning; by adjusting the temperature in the UTM test case to 10℃, 30℃, 50℃, and 70℃, it can effectively simulate the aircraft at The effect of air temperature on the shear strength of the seal layer during turning; the tangential vertical load and the tangential displacement data of the specimen are recorded by the computer, the shear strength Tc of the interlayer interface is calculated by the formula (1), and the shear stress-displacement is plotted Plot the curve and perform a falling curve phase fit:
Figure FDA0003082375060000011
Figure FDA0003082375060000011
 式中：Tc——层间界面剪切强度(MPa)；In the formula: Tc——the shear strength of the interlayer interface (MPa); P——剪切荷载(N)；P——shear load (N); A——界面层间面积(mm2)；A——Interfacial interlayer area (mm 2 ); 2.3)基于步骤2.2的剪切应力-位移曲线图，根据公式(2)计算层间断裂能：2.3) Based on the shear stress-displacement curve in step 2.2, calculate the interlaminar fracture energy according to formula (2):
Figure FDA0003082375060000012
Figure FDA0003082375060000012
 式中：
Figure FDA0003082375060000013
——界面断裂能(J/m2)；where:
Figure FDA0003082375060000013
——Interface fracture energy (J/m 2 ); Tc——层间界面剪切强度(MPa)；Tc——interfacial shear strength between layers (MPa); S——剪切应力-位移曲线与坐标轴围成的曲线面积(mm2)；S—the area of the curve enclosed by the shear stress-displacement curve and the coordinate axis (mm 2 ); 第三步，结果分析，通过计算断裂能来更准确的评定机场道面封层的抗裂性能。The third step, result analysis, is to evaluate the crack resistance of the airport pavement cover more accurately by calculating the fracture energy. 3.根据权利要求2所述的机场道面封层大水平力剪切试验方法，其特征在于，还包括试件成型步骤，具体包括：3. the large horizontal force shear test method of airport pavement seal layer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises test piece forming step, specifically comprises: 首先，按照水泥混凝土配合比，称取各种材料质量，采用小型混凝土拌和机进行拌合；First, according to the cement concrete mix ratio, weigh the quality of various materials, and use a small concrete mixer for mixing; 然后，倒进木试模中，在水泥混凝土震动台上震动密实，表面不平整的地方用刮刀刮平，待水泥混凝土表面稍干硬后根据方案需要进行表面拉槽或嵌石处理；Then, pour it into the wooden test mold, vibrate and compact on the cement concrete vibrating table, and use a scraper to scrape the uneven surface. After the cement concrete surface is slightly dry and hard, the surface is grooved or embedded according to the plan. 最后，脱模，放入标准养护间养护。Finally, demould and put it into a standard curing room for curing.
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