CN113310696A - Engine charging aging test method and charging tester - Google Patents
Engine charging aging test method and charging tester Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to an engine charging aging test method and a charging tester, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the storage stress level of a combustion chamber bonding interface of a target solid engine at a storage temperature, and the acceleration temperature and the tensile stress level during an aging test; designing the structural size of the double-layer shell and the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells according to the tensile stress level, the physical properties of the materials of the shell of the solid engine and the propellant; manufacturing an engine shell for testing according to the designed structural size of the double-layer shell and pressurizing the double-layer shell to initial internal pressure; carrying out heat insulation treatment and lining spraying treatment on the inner shell, pouring propellant and curing to form a charge tester; placing the charging tester into an aging box, heating to an accelerating temperature and stabilizing, and then releasing the initial internal pressure; and carrying out an aging test on the charge tester, and checking and testing the charge tester according to the set time node to obtain the aging test result of the charge column and the bonding interface. The test accuracy is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of accelerated aging tests, in particular to an engine charging aging test method and a charging tester.
Background
With the development of solid rocket technology, the accelerated aging test requirements of solid propellants are higher and higher. At present, accelerated aging test methods related to solid engines at home and abroad mainly comprise the following two types: one is an accelerating test method for a propellant and a bonding interface test piece: according to a testing method of initiating explosive devices, namely a constant temperature stress testing method (GJB736.13-1991) and a high-temperature accelerated aging testing method (QJ2328A-2005) of composite solid propellants, propellants or bonding interface samples used by an engine are placed into aging boxes with different temperatures for thermal aging acceleration, an aging law of the propellants or the bonding interface samples under an accelerated condition is tested, and an aging equation is further obtained and a performance change law under a natural storage condition is extrapolated.
Secondly, the whole engine acceleration test method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first method, the engine is placed into a high-temperature aging test box for thermal aging test, and the aged engine is inspected and tested to evaluate the storage life of the engine. However, in the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that the conventional accelerated aging test method has the technical problems of incomplete aging factor consideration and insufficient accuracy of the aging test result.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an engine charging aging test method and a charging tester with high accuracy by fully considering aging factors.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an engine charge aging test method, including:
acquiring the storage stress level of a combustion chamber bonding interface of a target solid engine at a storage temperature, and the acceleration temperature and the tensile stress level during an aging test; the tensile stress level is determined by the storage temperature, the storage stress level and the acceleration temperature;
designing the structural size of the double-layer shell and the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells according to the tensile stress level, the physical properties of the materials of the shell of the solid engine and the propellant;
manufacturing an engine shell for a test according to the structural size of the designed double-layer shell, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to initial internal pressure;
carrying out heat insulation treatment and lining spraying treatment on the inner shell of the pressurized engine shell, pouring a propellant and curing to form a charge tester;
placing the charge tester into an aging box, heating to an accelerating temperature and stabilizing, and then relieving the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells;
and carrying out an aging test on the charge tester, and checking and testing the charge tester according to the set time node to obtain the aging test result of the charge column and the bonding interface.
In one embodiment, the storage stress level is obtained by:
and (3) carrying out testing or finite element analysis on the target solid engine to obtain the storage stress level of the bonding interface of the combustion chamber of the target solid engine at the storage temperature.
In one embodiment, the acceleration temperature is obtained by:
determining a maximum acceleration temperature level based on the material characteristics and safety requirements of the propellant of the target solid engine; the highest acceleration temperature level was taken as the acceleration temperature during the aging test.
In one embodiment, the tensile stress level is obtained by:
determining the tensile stress level of the target solid engine combustion chamber bonding interface during acceleration according to a propellant and interface two-factor accelerated aging model;
the two-factor accelerated aging model is:
wherein, tau1Denotes the acceleration factor, tau, of the propellant2Denotes the acceleration factor, T, of the bonding interfaceaExpressing the acceleration temperature, σaIndicating tensile stress level, T0Denotes the storage temperature, σ0The storage stress level is shown, f (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the propellant under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma, and g (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the bonding interface under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma.
In one embodiment, the process of pressurizing the double-walled enclosure to an initial internal pressure comprises:
and injecting water into the double-layer shell, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
In one embodiment, the process of pressurizing the double-walled enclosure to an initial internal pressure comprises:
and inflating the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
On the other hand, the charge tester comprises a charge column and an engine shell with a double-layer shell structure, wherein the charge column is accommodated in a charge chamber defined by an inner shell of the engine shell;
the surface of one side of the inner shell of the engine shell, which is far away from the outer shell, is adhered with a heat insulation layer and sprayed with a lining;
the outer shell of the engine shell is provided with a pressure regulating piece, and the pressure regulating piece is used for controlling the pressurization or the pressure relief of a shell layer formed between the inner shell and the outer shell.
In one embodiment, the charge tester has a slenderness ratio greater than 5.
In one embodiment, the shell further comprises a pressure medium layer, and the pressure medium layer is used for filling or discharging the shell through the pressure regulating piece.
In one embodiment, the pressure medium layer comprises a water layer or an air layer, and the pressure regulating member is a valve or a joint.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the engine charge aging test method and the charge tester are characterized in that the engine shell with a double-layer shell structure is designed and manufactured, the double-layer shell is pressurized to the initial internal pressure before shell heat insulation treatment and charge, then the inner-layer shell is subjected to heat insulation treatment and lining coating treatment on the basis of stable pressure between the double-layer shell, propellant is poured and solidified (the propellant is poured into the shell by the grain pouring process of a target solid engine) to form the charge tester, the charge tester is placed into an aging box to be heated to an accelerating temperature and stabilized, then the pressure between the double-layer shell is released, so that the inner-layer shell expands, a bonding interface is converted from a pressure stress into a tensile stress state, the accelerating aging test is continuously carried out, the charge tester is checked and tested according to a set time node, and the aging test result of the grain and the bonding interface is obtained. Therefore, the propellant temperature and the tensile stress are simultaneously loaded, the bonding interface temperature and the tensile stress are simultaneously loaded, the explosive column and the bonding interface age synchronously, the aging factors are comprehensively considered, and the effect of reflecting the aging rule of the explosive column and the aging rule of the bonding interface with high accuracy is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for engine charge degradation testing in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a charge tester in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application of the aging test method for engine charge in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the protection scope of the present invention.
In practice, the inventor finds that the traditional accelerating test method for the propellant and the bonding interface test piece mainly considers the accelerating effect of the storage temperature on the material aging and fails to reflect the influence of mechanical stress on the aging during engine storage, and the aging performance obtained by the method has certain difference from the actual storage condition. In the traditional engine whole machine acceleration test method, the position relation and boundary conditions of the explosive column and the bonding interface are considered, but the thermal stress generated by thermal aging at high temperature reduces the tensile stress borne by the bonding interface, even generates compressive stress, has larger difference with the stress state in actual storage, and the whole machine acceleration aging cannot comprehensively reflect the aging performance of the explosive column and the bonding interface, so that the obtained storage life conclusion always has small deviation.
Aiming at the technical problem that the accuracy of an aging test result is insufficient in the traditional accelerated aging test method, the invention provides the engine charge aging test method, which enables a charge grain and an adhesive interface of an engine charge to bear high-temperature stress and keep a tensile stress state at the adhesive interface at the same time, realizes accelerated aging of the charge grain and the interface under the condition of temperature-tensile stress double factors, can support parameter (such as design parameter) regulation and control to enable a propellant to be consistent with the aging speed of the interface, avoids underaging or overeaging of one of the propellant and the interface, and better realizes synchronous accelerated aging of the charge of the engine.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for aging engine charge, including the following steps S12 to S22:
s12, acquiring the storage stress level of the combustion chamber bonding interface of the target solid engine at the storage temperature, the acceleration temperature during the aging test and the tensile stress level; the tensile stress level is determined by the storage temperature, the storage stress level and the acceleration temperature.
It will be appreciated that the storage temperature during actual storage may be different for different target solid engines to be tested, and therefore, for the target solid engine currently under test, it may be tested or subjected to finite element analysis to obtain the storage stress level of its combustion chamber bonding interface at the storage temperature.
Optionally, the acceleration temperature is obtained by:
determining a maximum acceleration temperature level based on the material characteristics and safety requirements of the propellant of the target solid engine; the highest acceleration temperature level was taken as the acceleration temperature during the aging test.
In particular, the maximum acceleration temperature level (T) is determined synthetically according to the propellant material characteristics and safety requirementsa) And the accelerated temperature is used as the accelerated temperature of a subsequently manufactured charging tester.
Optionally, the tensile stress level is obtained by:
determining the tensile stress level of the target solid engine combustion chamber bonding interface during acceleration according to a propellant and interface two-factor accelerated aging model;
the two-factor accelerated aging model is:
wherein, tau1Denotes the acceleration factor, tau, of the propellant2Denotes the acceleration factor, T, of the bonding interfaceaExpressing the acceleration temperature, σaIndicating tensile stress level, T0Denotes the storage temperature, σ0The storage stress level is shown, f (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the propellant under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma, and g (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the bonding interface under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma. In practical experiments, let τ be1＝τ2Then, sigma is obtaineda。
S14, designing the structural size of the double-layer shell and the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells according to the tensile stress level, the shell of the solid engine and the physical properties of the materials of the propellant;
s16, manufacturing an engine shell for testing according to the designed size of the double-layer shell structure, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to initial internal pressure;
s18, carrying out heat insulation treatment and lining spraying treatment on the inner shell of the pressurized engine shell, pouring propellant and curing to form a charge tester;
s20, placing the charge tester into an aging box, heating to an accelerating temperature and stabilizing, and then releasing the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells;
and S22, carrying out an aging test on the charge tester, and checking and testing the charge tester according to the set time node to obtain the aging test result of the charge column and the bonding interface.
It will be appreciated that the engine casing comprises an inner casing and an outer casing, the overall casing shape of which may be the same as or proportionate (e.g. scaled down) to the casing of the target solid engine. The set time node can be selected according to the data sampling requirement in the test process, and a plurality of different time nodes in the test process can be selected. The inspection and test may be performed in the manner of the inspection and test used in the accelerated aging test which is conventional in the art. The inner shell of the engine shell is subjected to heat insulation treatment and lining layer spraying treatment, and a propellant is poured and cured, namely a grain pouring process of a target solid engine in practical application is adopted.
Specifically, the combustion chamber shell of design preparation adopts double-deck shell structure, carries out the pressurization to between double-deck shell before the powder charge for the inlayer shell is compressed, carries out shell thermal insulation under keeping compression state and handles, applies paint the lining, propellant pouring and solidification, makes the powder charge tester. When the high-temperature accelerated aging is carried out, the charging tester is placed in a high-temperature test box (namely an aging box), and when the to-be-charged tester is raised to a set aging temperature (namely an accelerated temperature), pressure media between the double-layer shells are discharged, so that the bonding interface is changed from a pressure stress state to a tensile stress state, and the charging aging test is continuously carried out. In the process of the charging aging test, the charging tester is checked and tested according to a set time node, so that the change condition of the charge and the interface required in the field along with the aging time is obtained, namely the aging test result of the charge and the bonding interface is obtained; the specific method for analyzing and evaluating the service life of the grain and the bonding interface can be understood by referring to the result analysis and evaluation method in the traditional charging aging test method in the field, and the detailed description is omitted in the present specification.
The method for the engine charge aging test comprises the steps of designing and manufacturing an engine shell with a double-layer shell structure, pressurizing the double-layer shell to initial internal pressure before shell heat insulation treatment and charge, performing heat insulation treatment and lining coating treatment on the inner-layer shell on the basis of stable pressure between the double-layer shell, pouring propellant and curing (same as the grain pouring process of a target solid engine) to form a charge tester, putting the charge tester into an aging oven, heating to an accelerating temperature and stabilizing, releasing the pressure between the double-layer shell to expand the inner-layer shell, converting a bonding interface from a pressure stress to a tensile stress state, continuously developing the accelerating aging test, checking and testing the charge tester according to a set time node, and obtaining an aging test result of the grain and the bonding interface. Therefore, the propellant temperature and the tensile stress are simultaneously loaded, the bonding interface temperature and the tensile stress are simultaneously loaded, the explosive column and the bonding interface age synchronously, the aging factors are comprehensively considered, and the effect of reflecting the aging rule of the explosive column and the aging rule of the bonding interface with high accuracy is achieved.
In an embodiment, optionally, regarding the process of pressurizing the double-layered shell to the initial internal pressure in the step S16, the process may specifically include the following processing steps:
and injecting water into the double-layer shell, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the operation of pressurizing the double-layer shell can be realized by filling water into the double-layer shell. Realize the pressurization between double-deck casing through the mode that adopts to fill water, on the one hand the pressurization realizes comparatively convenient and the cost is lower, and on the other hand also is convenient for carry out quick, the safe pressure release before the experiment.
In an embodiment, optionally, regarding the process of pressurizing the double-layered shell to the initial internal pressure in the step S16, the method may further include the following steps:
and inflating the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the operation of pressurizing the double-layer shell can be realized by inflating the double-layer shell. Realize the pressurization between double-deck casing through adopting the mode of aerifing, on the one hand the pressurization realizes comparatively convenient and the cost is lower, and on the other hand is convenient for also carry out the quick pressure release before the experiment.
In one embodiment, other liquids or gases, such as various non-toxic, non-corrosive and non-flammable neutral liquids or gases, can be filled/discharged between the two shells, and the filling/discharging can be selected according to the requirements of the testing environment and the testing cost.
In one embodiment, the slenderness ratio of the charge tester is greater than 5, so that the synchronous aging effect of the charge column and the bonding interface is better, and the accuracy of the test result can be further improved.
Referring to fig. 2, a charge tester 100 is also provided, which includes a charge column 12 and an engine casing having a double-casing structure. The charge 12 is received in a charge chamber defined by an inner shell 142 of the engine housing. The inner casing 142 of the engine casing is coated with a lining and a heat insulating layer is adhered to the surface of the side away from the outer casing 144. The outer casing 144 of the engine casing is provided with a pressure regulator 146, and the pressure regulator 146 is used for controlling the pressurization or the pressure relief of the shell formed between the inner casing 142 and the outer casing 144.
It will be appreciated that with respect to the specific definition of the charge tester 100, reference may be made to the corresponding definition of the engine charge ageing test method hereinabove, and further description thereof will be omitted.
The charge tester 100 is designed and manufactured by using an engine shell with a double-layer shell structure, the pressure between the double-layer shells is increased to the initial internal pressure before the shell heat insulation treatment and charge, the inner-layer shell 142 is subjected to heat insulation treatment and coating lining treatment on the basis of stable pressure between the double-layer shells, and a propellant is poured and cured (the same as the charge pouring process of a target solid engine) to form the charge tester 100. After the explosive charge tester 100 is placed into an aging oven and heated to an accelerating temperature and stabilized, the pressure between the double-layer shells is released, so that the inner-layer shell 142 expands, the bonding interface is changed into a tensile stress state from a compressive stress, the accelerated aging test is continuously carried out, the explosive charge tester is checked and tested according to the set time point, and the aging test result of the explosive column 12 and the bonding interface is obtained. Therefore, by applying the charge tester 100, the propellant temperature and the tensile stress can be loaded simultaneously, the bonding interface temperature and the tensile stress can be loaded simultaneously, the charge 12 and the bonding interface can age synchronously, and the effect of reflecting the aging rule of the charge 12 and the aging rule of the bonding interface with high accuracy is achieved.
In one embodiment, the charge tester has an slenderness ratio greater than 5.
In one embodiment, the charge tester 100 further comprises a layer of pressure medium. The pressure medium layer is used for filling or discharging the shell layer through the pressure regulating piece. It is understood that the pressure medium layer may be a liquid layer or a gas layer, as long as the pressure adjusting member can charge or discharge the shell formed between the two shells of the charging tester 100. The filling pressure between the double-layer shells is approximately equal to the tensile stress corresponding to the level of the tensile stress preset by the bonding interface.
Through setting up the pressure medium layer, can make powder charge tester 100 can make to pressurize to initial internal pressure between the double-deck casing before casing adiabatic processing and powder charge to and make inlayer casing 142 inflation before accelerated aging test develops, bonding interface changes into the tensile stress state by compressive stress, ensures to develop the reliable conversion of the test condition before accelerated aging test.
In one embodiment, the pressure medium layer comprises a water layer or an air layer, and the pressure regulating member is a valve or a joint. Optionally, in this embodiment, water or air may be used as a required pressure medium layer, so that pressurization is more convenient to implement and lower in cost, and rapid pressure relief before the test is performed is also facilitated. The pressure adjusting member may be a pressure charging/discharging valve provided on the outer casing 144, or a joint provided on the outer casing 144 as a pressure charging/discharging passage. Adopt valve or joint all can conveniently dock with outside pressurization equipment to realize swift pressurization operation.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, in order to more intuitively and fully describe the above engine charge aging test method, an example of applying the method of the present invention is as follows. It should be noted that the embodiments given in this specification are only illustrative and not the only limitations of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can implement the engine charge aging test method provided above with the schematic illustration of the embodiments provided in the present invention to achieve high-accuracy accelerated aging tests for different target solid engines.
(1) The highest accelerating temperature T of a certain hydroxyl propellant engine is determined according to the physicochemical characteristics of the hydroxyl propellant, the bonding interface stress of the certain hydroxyl propellant engine is 0.1MPa (the bonding strength is 1MPa)aThe propellant aging equation obeys the zhuko model at 60 ℃:
interfacial aging obeys the park model:
according to earlier studies: a 1E8, B184, E1＝6390；C＝8E7，E2＝6990，D＝0.157；σ00.1MPa/1MPa to 0.1; let τ1＝τ2Is calculated to obtain sigmaa＝0.15。
(2) Comprehensively determining the diameter of a grain of the charging tester to be 300mm, the length of the grain to be 1500mm and the thickness of meat to be 120 mm; the shell material is 30CrMnSiA, the thickness of the inner shell is 2mm, the diameter of the outer shell is 450mm, and the thickness is 6mm (an analytical solution or a numerical method can be adopted).
(3) After the shell of the charging tester is manufactured, the shell and a joint (or a valve) are subjected to hydraulic pressure test, and the pressure between the double-layer shells is kept to be 0.15MPa after no leakage is confirmed. Then, the surface of the inner shell is subjected to sand blasting treatment, a heat insulation layer and a spraying lining layer are adhered, and propellant pouring and curing are carried out under the matching of a pouring mold (the same as the solid engine grain pouring process).
(4) Setting the temperature of an environment test box (namely an aging box) to 60 ℃, putting the charge tester into the environment test box, and opening a pressurizing joint (or a valve) of a double-layer shell of the charge tester after the temperature of the propellant is raised to the set temperature so as to discharge the water inside.
(5) And in the aging test process, the conditions of the grain and the bonding interface are observed and checked, and the shell is decomposed and tested after the test. And storing the test result, compared with the traditional method, the accuracy of the aging rule of the explosive column and the aging rule of the bonding interface is greatly improved.
It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of fig. 1 and 3 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps of fig. 1 and 3 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, and all of them fall within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An engine charge aging test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the storage stress level of a combustion chamber bonding interface of a target solid engine at a storage temperature, and the acceleration temperature and the tensile stress level during an aging test; the tensile stress level is determined by the storage temperature, the storage stress level, and the acceleration temperature;
designing the structural size of the double-layer shell and the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells according to the tensile stress level, the physical properties of the materials of the shell of the solid engine and the propellant;
manufacturing an engine shell for testing according to the designed structural size of the double-layer shell, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure;
carrying out heat insulation treatment and lining spraying treatment on the inner shell of the pressurized engine shell, pouring a propellant and curing to form a charge tester;
placing the explosive loading tester into an aging box, heating to the accelerating temperature and stabilizing, and then relieving the initial internal pressure between the double-layer shells;
and carrying out an aging test on the charge tester, and checking and testing the charge tester according to a set time node to obtain the aging test result of the charge column and the bonding interface.
2. An engine charge ageing test method according to claim 1, wherein the storage stress level is obtained by:
and carrying out testing or finite element analysis on the target solid engine to obtain the storage stress level of the bonding interface of the combustion chamber of the target solid engine at the storage temperature.
3. An engine charge ageing test method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acceleration temperature is obtained by:
determining a maximum acceleration temperature level based on the material characteristics and safety requirements of the propellant of the target solid engine; the maximum acceleration temperature level is taken as the acceleration temperature during the aging test.
4. An engine charge ageing test method according to claim 3, wherein the tensile stress level is obtained by:
determining the tensile stress level of the target solid engine combustion chamber bonding interface during acceleration according to a propellant and interface two-factor accelerated aging model;
the two-factor accelerated aging model is as follows:
wherein, tau1Denotes the acceleration factor, tau, of the propellant2Denotes the acceleration factor, T, of the bonding interfaceaExpressing said acceleration temperature, σaRepresenting said tensile stress level, T0Denotes the storage temperature, σ0The storage stress level is expressed, f (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the propellant under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma, and g (T, sigma) represents an aging speed model of the bonding interface under the conditions of temperature T and tensile stress sigma.
5. An engine charge ageing test method according to claim 1, wherein the step of pressurising the double casing chamber to the initial internal pressure comprises:
and injecting water into the double-layer shell, and pressurizing the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
6. An engine charge ageing test method according to claim 1, wherein the step of pressurising the double casing chamber to the initial internal pressure comprises:
and inflating the double-layer shell to pressurize the double-layer shell to the initial internal pressure.
7. A charge tester is characterized by comprising a charge column and an engine shell with a double-layer shell structure, wherein the charge column is accommodated in a charge chamber surrounded by an inner shell of the engine shell;
the surface of one side of the inner shell of the engine shell, which is far away from the outer shell, is adhered with a heat insulation layer and sprayed with a lining;
the engine shell is characterized in that a pressure adjusting piece is arranged on an outer shell of the engine shell and used for controlling pressurization or pressure relief of a shell layer formed between the inner shell and the outer shell.
8. A charge tester according to claim 7 wherein the charge tester has an aspect ratio of greater than 5.
9. The charge tester of claim 7, further comprising a pressure medium layer for charging or discharging the crust through the pressure regulator.
10. A charge tester according to claim 9 wherein the layer of pressure medium comprises a layer of water or air and the pressure regulating member is a valve or a fitting.
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