CN113308228A - Porous composite calcium-based particles and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Porous composite calcium-based particles and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical group [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 transition metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical group [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MGQIWUQTCOJGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].Cl Chemical compound [AlH3].Cl MGQIWUQTCOJGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FWHZQBMZKQZFJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Mn] FWHZQBMZKQZFJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- OAUKXDWHXFHBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O--].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical compound [O--].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-]C([O-])=O OAUKXDWHXFHBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 29
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005563 spheronization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010086 Setaria viridis var. viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000230342 green foxtail Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能直接驱动热化学储热的多孔复合钙基颗粒及制备方法和应用，属于储能材料技术领域。该多孔复合钙基颗粒由氢氧化钙、多孔模板和过渡金属制成；所述多孔模板选自微晶纤维素、狗尾草须或木炭。本发明中通过掺杂光谱吸收增强物质过渡金属离子及循环稳定性增强骨架，采用挤出‑滚圆‑煅烧法制备的颗粒状多孔复合碳酸钙‑氧化钙颗粒，一方面该钙基储能颗粒可以直接吸收太阳辐射，另一方面该复合钙基储能颗粒具有丰富的孔隙结构，使得颗粒具有优异的循环稳定性。
The invention discloses a porous composite calcium-based particle capable of directly driving thermochemical heat storage by solar energy, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage materials. The porous composite calcium-based particles are made of calcium hydroxide, a porous template and a transition metal; the porous template is selected from microcrystalline cellulose, foxtail or charcoal. In the present invention, the skeleton is enhanced by doping spectral absorption enhancing material transition metal ions and cyclic stability, and the granular porous composite calcium carbonate-calcium oxide particles are prepared by extrusion-spheronization-calcination method. On the one hand, the calcium-based energy storage particles can be Directly absorbing solar radiation, on the other hand, the composite calcium-based energy storage particles have abundant pore structure, which makes the particles have excellent cycle stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage materials, and particularly relates to porous composite calcium-based particles for directly driving thermochemical heat storage by solar energy, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The excessive use of fossil fuels accelerates global warming, causing a number of environmental problems, and in addition, the energy crisis is also drawing more and more attention. Therefore, solar energy has attracted attention as an inexhaustible renewable green energy source. The solar energy is limited by natural conditions such as day and night and seasons and is influenced by random weather factors such as sunny, cloudy, cloud and rain, and the solar energy has the defects of intermittence and instability. Therefore, it is necessary to store solar energy in various forms by using energy storage means in order to obtain stable energy output. For the utilization forms of solar photo-thermal power generation and the like, the storage of the thermal energy generated by solar radiation is the best energy storage form. The sensible heat energy storage technology based on the molten salt has the advantages of simple principle, mature technology and rich material sources, so that the sensible heat energy storage technology is the most widely and only commercially applied heat storage method at present, the highest applicable temperature of the common molten salt is only about 550 ℃, otherwise, the problems of high-temperature thermal decomposition and corrosion are easily caused, and potential safety hazards are caused. The peak efficiency of the heat of the current butterfly-stirling solar thermal power generation demonstration plant is only 30%. The low solar photo-thermal power generation efficiency is one of the main reasons for the fact that the photo-thermal power generation system is not applied on a large scale worldwide. The temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the thermal cycle of the current photo-thermal power generation is about 500-540 ℃, and the efficiency of the thermal cycle and the whole photo-thermal power generation system can be obviously improved by increasing the temperature of the working medium to 600-700 ℃. Therefore, the heat storage system is required to be capable of stably operating in a high-temperature environment of 600-700 ℃. Meanwhile, in order to realize efficient photo-thermal power generation, the heat storage system needs to have lower heat loss and higher heat storage efficiency. The calcium carbonate/calcium oxide heat storage system is one of the most promising high-density low-loss heat storage methods, the reaction temperature of the heat release process can reach about 800 ℃ at most, and the product of the energy storage process can be stored at room temperature for a long time, so that the system has higher system efficiency and lower heat loss. However, pure calcium carbonate materials have low spectral absorption capacity, are easy to break, and have poor cycle stability, and thus the requirements of high-efficiency solar direct-driven thermochemical heat storage reaction systems are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide porous calcium-based particles for directly driving thermochemical heat storage by solar energy, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a porous composite calcium-based particle is prepared from calcium hydroxide, a porous template and a transition metal;
the porous template is selected from microcrystalline cellulose, green bristlegrass or charcoal, and the transition metal is transition metal salt or transition metal oxide;
the transition metal salt is a mixture of aluminum salt, ferric salt and manganese salt, and the transition metal oxide is a mixture of aluminum oxide, ferric oxide and manganese oxide.
Further, the aluminum salt is selected from aluminum nitrate, aluminum sulfate or aluminum hydrochloride, the iron salt is selected from ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate or ferric hydrochloride, and the manganese salt is selected from manganese nitrate, manganese sulfate or manganese hydrochloride.
The preparation method of the porous composite calcium-based particles comprises mixing Ca (OH)2Mixing the porous template and transition metal to prepare a precursor, adjusting the humidity of the precursor, then preparing the precursor mixture into spherical particles by an extrusion spheronization granulator, calcining the spherical particles in air atmosphere, and placing the spherical particles in CO2Carbonizing in the atmosphere to obtain the porous composite calcium-based particles.
Further, Ca in the precursor2+、Al3+、Fe3+、Mn2+In a molar ratio of 100:15:10:5, Ca (OH)2And the mass ratio of the porous template is 100: 40.
Further, the spherical particles are calcined in the air atmosphere for 2 hours at the temperature of 600-1000 ℃.
Further, in CO2The carbonation condition in the atmosphere is 600-800 ℃ for 1 h.
The porous composite calcium-based particles are applied to solar chemical heat storage.
According to the invention, the spectrum absorption enhancing substance transition metal ions are doped, the framework is enhanced in the circulating stability, and the granular porous composite calcium carbonate-calcium oxide granules are prepared by adopting an extrusion-spheronization-calcination method, so that on one hand, the calcium-based energy storage granules can directly absorb solar radiation, and therefore, the calcium-based energy storage granules can be applied to a bulk absorption type photo-thermal reactor, and thus, high-efficiency energy conversion and storage are realized; on the other hand, the composite calcium-based energy storage particles have abundant pore structures, so that the particles have excellent cycling stability, and have better reaction characteristics, namely lower reaction temperature and faster reaction rate compared with unmodified materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing porous composite calcium-based particles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat storage and release process of the porous composite calcium-based particle;
fig. 3 is an SEM electron micrograph of porous composite calcium-based particles;
fig. 4 is an XRD spectrum of the porous composite calcium-based particle;
FIG. 5 is a spectral absorption diagram of a porous composite calcium-based particle;
FIG. 6 is a thermogravimetric plot of porous composite calcium-based particles subjected to a heat storage and release cycle at 800 deg.C;
FIG. 7 is a thermogravimetric plot of one of the stored and released thermal cycles of porous composite calcium-based particles at 800 deg.C;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the size distribution of 10 g of porous composite calcium-based particles having a particle diameter of 600 to 710 μm after ball milling in a ball mill for 24 hours.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications or substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The experimental methods and reagents of the formulations not specified in the examples are in accordance with the conventional conditions in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention employs an extrusion-spheronization-calcination process to prepare porous composite calcium-based particles. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, adding Ca (OH)2And microcrystalline cellulose was milled in a planetary ball mill for 30 minutes (300 RPM) to mix well, Ca (OH)2The mass ratio of the precursor to the microcrystalline cellulose is 100:40, and precursor powder is obtained;
step 3, adding the precursor powder into the precursor solution, Ca2+、Al3+、Fe3+、Mn2+The molar ratio of the precursor to the solvent is 100:15:10:5, and the mixture is fully stirred until the mixture is completely uniform to obtain a precursor mixture;
step 4, airing the precursor mixture to a proper humidity (the water accounts for 10-60 wt% of the mixture), and preparing the precursor mixture into spherical particles through an extrusion spheronization granulator;
step 5, putting the spherical particles into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at 900 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain composite CaO particles;
step 6, placing CaO particles into a tube furnace to carbonate for 1 hour in pure CO2 atmosphere, and setting the temperature to 700 ℃ to obtain composite CaCO3Particles;
step 7, finally, CaCO is screened through a standard sieve3The particles are divided into different particle size ranges, such as 600-710 μm.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that NO microcrystalline cellulose, Al (NO) was added3)3⋅9H2O、Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Mn (NO)3)2。
The preparation steps of the pure calcium titanate particles are as follows:
step 1, adding Ca (OH)2Mixing with 35 wt% -100 wt% of deionized water, and fully stirring until the mixture is completely uniform;
step 3, putting the spherical particles into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at 900 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain pure CaO particles;
step 4, placing CaO particles into a tube furnace to be subjected to pure CO2Carbonation in an atmosphere at 700 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain pure CaCO3Particles;
step 5, finally passing throughStandard sieve mixing CaCO3The particles are divided into different particle size ranges, such as 600-710 μm.
Example 3
The specific steps of doping with oxide are as follows:
step 1, adding Ca (OH)2Microcrystalline cellulose and oxide were mixed and ground in a planetary ball mill for 30 minutes (300 RPM) to mix well, Ca (OH)2The mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to the microcrystalline cellulose is 100:40, and the content of the calcium carbonate is Ca2+、Al3+、Fe3+、Mn2+The molar ratio of 100:15:10:5 to obtain precursor powder;
step 3, airing the precursor to a proper humidity (the water accounts for 10-60 wt% of the mixture), and preparing the precursor mixture into spherical particles through an extrusion spheronization granulator;
step 4, putting the spherical particles into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2 hours at 900 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain composite CaO particles;
step 5, putting the composite CaO particles into a tube furnace to be subjected to pure CO2Carbonating for 1 hour in the atmosphere and setting the temperature at 700 ℃ to obtain the composite CaCO3Particles;
step 6, finally, the composite CaCO is screened through a standard sieve3The particles are divided into different particle size ranges, such as 600-710 μm.
The calcium-based granules obtained in example 1 and example 2 were subjected to the following performance test.
1. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat storage process is carried out in a bulk absorption reactor, sunlight directly irradiates the surface of the particles, the particles absorb the energy of solar radiation, the temperature is increased, and the particles are decomposed into CaO and CO2And the energy storage process is finished by respectively entering respective storage tanks for storage, when energy needs to be released, CaO and CO2 enter the acidification reactor for reaction, heat is released, and energy output at a target temperature can be obtained by controlling reactant flow, reaction atmosphere, temperature and working medium flow.
2. As shown in FIG. 3, the porous composite calcium-based energy storage particles have abundant poresThe structure of the gaps, which is generated by the decomposition of microcrystalline cellulose, nitrate and calcium hydroxide, can be CO2Diffusion provides a channel, thereby improving the performance of the material.
3. As shown in figure 4, the components in the porous composite calcium-based energy storage particles are divided by CaCO3CaO is mainly CaMnO outside3、Ca3Al2O6、Ca2Fe2O5、Ca2Al1.38Fe0.62O5、Ca2Fe1.5Mn1.5O8、Ca2AlMnO5And the like, which serve as a framework to prevent calcium carbonate/calcium oxide sintering deactivation and as a spectral absorption enhancing substance to improve the solar spectral absorption capacity of the particles.
4. Cyclic stability testing of porous calcium-based particles for solar direct drive thermochemical heat storage
Placing the composite calcium carbonate particles with the size of 600-710 mu m into a sample cell of an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to be compacted, and testing the reflectivity of a sampleR(λ) The data interval is 5 nm, and the test range is 300-2000 nm. Absorption rate throughA(λ) = 1-R(λ) Thus obtaining the product. And then integrating the spectral absorption rate and the radiation energy distribution of the AM1.5 sun reaching the ground to obtain the total energy absorbed by the particles, and dividing the total energy of the sun radiation to obtain the average absorption rate.
Solar energy is used as an incident light source to directly provide energy for the composite energy storage particles, the average absorption rate of the porous composite particles is 80.3% in an AM1.5 spectral range of 300-2000 nm, and the pure calcium carbonate particles prepared by the same method are only 24.0%.
As shown in fig. 5, the porous composite calcium-based energy storage particles can absorb ultraviolet-visible light to store energy, and the solar weighted average spectral absorptivity is as high as 80.3% in AM1.5 spectrum.
5. Cyclic stability testing of porous calcium-based particles for solar direct drive thermochemical heat storage
Taking 3 mg of composite calcium carbonate particles with the size of 600-710 mu m, putting the composite calcium carbonate particles into a synchronous thermal analyzer, and setting a test program: the temperature is increased to 8 ℃ at the temperature rising rate of 10 ℃/min under the nitrogen atmosphereDecomposing at 00 deg.C for 10 min, and switching to 50% CO2The atmosphere was kept for 20 min for acidification and this process was repeated 25 times.
As shown in fig. 6, the energy storage density of the porous composite calcium carbonate particles was not substantially changed during 25 cycles, confirming excellent cycle stability of the particles.
As shown in fig. 4, the composition of the material did not change after 25 cycles, again confirming the excellent thermal stability of the particles.
In the process of carrying out cycle stability, data of one cycle is taken for analysis. As shown in figure 7, the porous calcium-based particles can be rapidly and completely decomposed within 2 min, 84% of the stored total energy can be released within 2 min, and the higher reactivity and reaction rate of the material are confirmed.
6. Wear resistance test of porous calcium-based particles for directly driving thermochemical heat storage by solar energy
10 g of porous composite calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 600-710 mu m are taken and put into a ball mill for ball milling 24 so as to simulate the operation condition of the porous composite calcium carbonate particles in reactors such as a fluidized bed and the like. As shown in FIG. 8, the mass fraction of the particles having a particle diameter of 600 to 710 μm after the test was 96.2%, and only 0.3% was changed into powder, confirming the excellent wear resistance.
It should be noted that the above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the method of the present application and the core idea thereof, and that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
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| CN115011316A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-06 | 华中科技大学 | An optimization method for the application of magnetic beads in coal-fired fly ash to thermochemical heat storage |
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| CN116004198A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Grade-doped calcium-based particles, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116162446A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-power-density low-cost calcium-based heat storage particles based on solid waste utilization and preparation method thereof |
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