CN113304423A - Air inerting device for fire protection of lithium ion battery energy storage system - Google Patents
Air inerting device for fire protection of lithium ion battery energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113304423A CN113304423A CN202110716593.1A CN202110716593A CN113304423A CN 113304423 A CN113304423 A CN 113304423A CN 202110716593 A CN202110716593 A CN 202110716593A CN 113304423 A CN113304423 A CN 113304423A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D2053/221—Devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/10—Nitrogen
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air inerting device for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system. The device comprises an atmospheric environment, an air compression pump, an electromagnetic valve, a drying filter, a water separator, a No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve, a membrane air separator, a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, a gas release pipe network and a lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin which are connected in sequence; the device also includes an oxygen sensor, a pressure sensor, a person identification system, and a control system. The invention has the characteristics of high-efficiency air separation, effective suppression of fire and explosion of the cabin of the energy storage system of the lithium ion battery, cleanness, environmental protection and low cost; drying and filtering the sucked air, conveying the air to a membrane air separation device to prepare high-concentration nitrogen-rich gas, and pumping the nitrogen-rich gas into a cabin body of an energy storage system to enable the cabin body to be in a relative positive pressure state, so that the energy storage system is prevented from being ignited or exploded; the intelligent opening or closing of the cabin of the energy storage system can be realized when people enter or exit the cabin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air inerting device for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system, which can realize air membrane separation, continuous nitrogen supply and positive pressure maintenance, personnel access switching control and the like.
Background
With the international consensus of climate change and global climate control, the utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and hydroenergy and the frequency modulation and peak regulation of a power grid become important aspects for realizing carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, and a lithium ion battery energy storage system is the most main means for realizing energy storage conversion and frequency modulation and peak regulation, so that a large amount of investment of a new power transmission network can be avoided. Currently, under the impetus of countries such as China, America, Europe and the like, the global energy storage system industry is developing at a high speed, and according to the expectation of Frost & Sullivan company, the composite annual growth rate of the global grid battery energy storage market reaches 23% by 2030, and the accumulated capacity reaches 134.6GW/437.4GWH by 2030. On the other hand, in recent years, fire accidents of lithium ion battery energy storage systems all over the world also occur continuously, nearly 30 fires have occurred in only korea since 2017, and a plurality of fires or explosion accidents occur in China Jiangsu, Beijing and the like. According to measurement and calculation, the average loss of each lithium ion battery energy storage system in fire accidents reaches nearly 1000 ten thousand dollars. The lack of a clean and efficient fire protection system of a lithium ion battery energy storage system becomes a primary factor limiting the development of energy storage system industries of various countries, and China urgently needs to first provide a fire protection device of the lithium ion battery energy storage system. Aiming at the fire characteristics and the fire hazard of the lithium battery, the fire prevention and fire extinguishment test and research of domestic related parties on the lithium battery and the particularity of the lithium battery storage environment are combined, and the fire hazard of the lithium battery is reduced by the installation device for the fire protection of the lithium battery energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air inerting device for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system; the air separation device has the characteristics of efficiently separating air, effectively inhibiting fire and explosion of the cabin of the lithium ion battery energy storage system, being clean, environment-friendly and low in cost. The device is used for drying and filtering air sucked from the external atmospheric environment and then conveying the air to the membrane air separation device to prepare high-concentration nitrogen-rich gas, and then pumping the nitrogen-rich gas into the cabin body of the energy storage system to enable the cabin body to be in a relative positive pressure state so as to reduce the oxygen concentration in the cabin body of the energy storage system and maintain the concentration of combustible gas at the lower limit of combustion, thereby preventing the energy storage system from firing or exploding and achieving the purpose of inerting inhibition. Meanwhile, the intelligent starting or stopping of personnel entering and exiting the cabin of the energy storage system can be realized, and the continuous pumping and inerting protection of the nitrogen-rich gas can be kept when no personnel enters; under the condition that a person enters the cabin, the membrane air separation device stops working and is switched to pump air, the oxygen concentration in the cabin of the energy storage system is monitored in real time through the oxygen concentration sensor in the whole process, and a signal is transmitted to the control system, so that managers can monitor the fire safety state of the energy storage system conveniently, and the membrane air separation device and the gas inerting concentration are accurately controlled. The device uses a method for preparing nitrogen by on-site membrane separation, overcomes the defects of limited air quantity and short action time of the traditional nitrogen cylinder, realizes all-weather nitrogen full flooding when no person enters a cabin, inhibits the occurrence of thermal runaway fire of the lithium ion battery, and has the performance of inhibiting explosion. The invention has strong applicability and good fire and explosion suppression performance, and can be popularized and applied to the solution of the fire prevention and control system for the compartment fire of the lithium ion battery energy storage system at home and abroad.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an air inerting device for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system, wherein the device is designed with sequentially connected components comprising: the system comprises an atmospheric environment, an air compression pump, an electromagnetic valve, a drying filter, a water separator, a No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve, a membrane air separator, a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, a gas release pipe network and a lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin; the device also comprises an oxygen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a personnel identification system and a control system;
the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the membrane air separator, and the second outlet is connected with the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve; the outlet of the membrane air separator is connected with the inlet of a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, and the outlet of the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of a gas release pipe network of the energy storage system; and the interior of the energy storage system cabin is connected with an oxygen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a personnel identification system and a control system.
The air inerting device comprises a compressed air pump, an electromagnetic valve, a drying filter, a water separator, a No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve, a membrane air separator, a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, a gas release pipe network, a lithium ion battery energy storage system, a control system, an oxygen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a personnel identification system and the like. The head end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a compressed air pump, and the tail end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of a 1# three-way electromagnetic valve; the 1# three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the membrane air separator, the second outlet is connected with the first inlet of the 2# three-way electromagnetic valve, and the outlet of the membrane air separator is connected with the second inlet of the 2# three-way electromagnetic valve; the outlet of the 2# three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a gas release pipe network in the cabin of the energy storage system, and the data of the oxygen concentration sensor and the pressure sensor in the process are transmitted to the control system. The device is highly integrated as a whole, and a whole set of air inerting fire protection system triggering mechanism is formed.
The device is controlled by a control system (14). The control system can collect data of each module. Specifically, the control system is respectively connected with a compressed air pump, an electromagnetic valve, a 1# three-way electromagnetic valve, a membrane air separator, a 2# three-way electromagnetic valve, a gas release pipe network, an oxygen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor and a personnel identification system in a control mode. The control signal transmission is connected with a signal interface of the control system through a cable in a cable mode.
When no person enters the cabin of the energy storage system, dry air flowing through the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve enters an inlet of the membrane air separator, the air is separated through a fiber membrane to form nitrogen-rich gas, other gas is discharged into the atmosphere, the nitrogen-rich gas flows through the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve and then enters an air release pipe network of the energy storage system to replace oxygen in an inner space, the oxygen concentration is reduced to be below 25% of the combustible lower limit of thermal runaway separated gas of the lithium ion battery, and the oxygen concentration is in a positive pressure nitrogen-rich environment which is 1-5% higher than the local atmospheric pressure. When a person enters the cabin of the energy storage system, dry air flowing through the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve directly enters the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve and the gas release pipe network, and part of nitrogen in the gas phase space is replaced until oxygen in the cabin of the energy storage system is recovered to the concentration suitable for the person to enter.
The oxygen concentration sensor and the pressure sensor can monitor the oxygen concentration and the pressure in the cabin of the energy storage system in real time and transmit signals to the control system, and the control system adjusts the gas flow entering the gas release pipe network by adjusting the opening sizes of the electromagnetic valve, the 1# three-way electromagnetic valve and the 2# three-way electromagnetic valve.
The intelligent auxiliary device comprises a control system, a 1# three-way electromagnetic valve, a personnel identification system, a control system and a controller, wherein the personnel identification system arranged outside the energy storage system cabin is used as an intelligent auxiliary means, whether personnel enter the intelligent auxiliary device can be monitored in real time, signals are transmitted to the control system, and the control system determines what kind of gas is filled into the energy storage system cabin by adjusting the opening and closing of two channels of the 1# three-way electromagnetic valve. Meanwhile, the personnel planning to enter the cabin can also adjust the atmosphere environment inside the cabin through manual operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention has advanced technology, innovative concept and strong practicability, solves the problem puzzling the fire protection device of the energy storage system of the lithium ion battery at present, and has the performance of inhibiting explosion while inhibiting the occurrence of the thermal runaway fire of the lithium ion battery.
(2) The invention overcomes the defects of limited gas amount and short action time of the traditional nitrogen cylinder installation, realizes all-weather nitrogen full flooding when no person enters the cabin, and has the obvious characteristics of cleanness, high efficiency and low cost.
(3) The invention has strong applicability and good fire and explosion suppression performance, and can be popularized and applied to the solution of the fire prevention and control system for the compartment fire of the lithium ion battery energy storage system at home and abroad.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an air inerting apparatus for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system;
in the figure, 1-atmosphere environment, 2-air compression pump, 3-electromagnetic valve, 4-drying filter, 5-water separator, 6-1# three-way electromagnetic valve, 7-membrane air separator, 8-2# three-way electromagnetic valve, 9-gas release pipe network, 10-oxygen sensor, 11-pressure sensor, 12-personnel identification system, 13-lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin and 14-control system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, an air inerting apparatus for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system comprises, connected in sequence: the device comprises an atmospheric environment 1, an air compression pump 2, an electromagnetic valve 3, a drying filter 4, a water separator 5, a # 1 three-way electromagnetic valve 6, a membrane air separator 7, a # 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8, a gas release pipe network 9 and a lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13. The device further comprises an oxygen sensor 10, a pressure sensor 11, a person identification system 12 and a control system 14. The No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the membrane air separator 7, and the second outlet is connected with the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8; the outlet of the membrane air separator 7 is connected with the inlet of a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8, and the outlet of the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8 is connected with the inlet of an energy storage system gas release pipe network 9; the interior of the energy storage system chamber 13 is connected with an oxygen concentration sensor 10, a pressure sensor 11, a personnel identification system 12 and a control system 14. And a personnel identification system 12 arranged outside the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13.
The air inerting device is controlled by a control system 14; the control system 14 is respectively connected with the air compression pump 2, the electromagnetic valve 3, the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve 6, the membrane air separator 7, the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8, the gas release pipe network 9, the oxygen sensor 10, the pressure sensor 11 and the personnel identification system 12 in a control mode. The control signal transmission is connected with the signal interface of the control system 14 by a cable.
In specific implementation, a compressed air pump is started, air is pumped into a drying filter and a water separator through an electromagnetic valve, the treated air is respectively provided with two outlets, the first outlet is connected with an inlet of a membrane air separator, and the second outlet is connected with a 2# three-way electromagnetic valve; an outlet of the membrane air separator is connected with an inlet of a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with an inlet of a gas release pipe network of the energy storage system; the energy storage system is internally connected with an oxygen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a personnel identification system and a control system. The control system is respectively connected with the air compression pump, the electromagnetic valve, the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve, the membrane air separator, the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve, the gas release pipe network, the oxygen sensor, the pressure sensor and the personnel identification system in a control mode. The control signal transmission is connected with a signal interface of the control system through a cable in a cable mode.
When no person enters the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13, dry air flowing through the No. 1 three-way solenoid valve 6 enters the inlet of the membrane air separator 7, the air is separated through a fiber membrane to form nitrogen-rich gas, other gases are discharged into the atmosphere, the nitrogen-rich gas flows through the No. 2 three-way solenoid valve 8 and then enters the energy storage system gas release pipe network 9 to replace oxygen in the inner space, the oxygen concentration is reduced to be below 25% of the combustible lower limit of the thermal runaway separated gas of the lithium ion battery, and the nitrogen-rich gas is in a positive pressure nitrogen-rich environment slightly higher than the local atmospheric pressure by 1-5%. When a person enters the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13, the dry air flowing through the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve 6 directly enters the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the gas release pipe network 9, and part of nitrogen in the gas phase space is replaced until the oxygen in the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13 is restored to the concentration suitable for the person to enter.
The oxygen concentration sensor 10 and the pressure sensor 11 can monitor the oxygen concentration and the pressure in the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13 in real time and transmit signals to the control system 14, and the control system 14 adjusts the gas flow entering the gas release pipe network 9 by adjusting the opening degree of the electromagnetic valves 3, the 1# three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the 2# three-way electromagnetic valve 8.
The personnel identification system 12 arranged outside the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin 13 is used as an intelligent auxiliary means, whether personnel enter the intelligent auxiliary means can be monitored in real time, signals are transmitted to the control system 14, and the control system 14 determines what kind of gas is filled into the energy storage system cabin by adjusting the opening and closing of two channels of the 1# three-way electromagnetic valve 6. At the same time, the persons planning to enter the cabin 13 can also adjust the atmosphere inside the cabin by manual operation.
The invention has not been described in detail and is part of the common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is to be covered by the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. An air inerting device for fire protection of a lithium ion battery energy storage system is characterized by comprising an atmospheric environment (1), an air compression pump (2), an electromagnetic valve (3), a drying filter (4), a water separator (5), a No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve (6), a membrane air separator (7), a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8), a gas release pipe network (9) and a lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin (13) which are sequentially connected; the device further comprises an oxygen concentration sensor (10), a pressure sensor (11), a person identification system (12) and a control system (14);
the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is provided with two outlets, the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the membrane air separator (7), and the second outlet is connected with the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8); the outlet of the membrane air separator (7) is connected with the inlet of a No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8), and the outlet of the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is connected with the inlet of an energy storage system gas release pipe network (9); and an oxygen concentration sensor (10), a pressure sensor (11), a personnel identification system (12) and a control system (14) are connected with the interior of the energy storage system cabin (13).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is controlled by a control system (14); the control system (14) is respectively in control connection with the air compression pump (2), the electromagnetic valve (3), the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve (6), the membrane air separator (7), the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8), the gas release pipe network (9), the oxygen concentration sensor (10), the pressure sensor (11) and the personnel identification system (12); the control signal transmission is connected with a signal interface of the control system by a cable.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when no person enters the energy storage system cabin (13), dry air flowing through the # 1 three-way solenoid valve (6) enters an inlet of a membrane air separator (7), the air is separated by a fiber membrane to form nitrogen-rich gas, other gases are discharged into the atmosphere, the nitrogen-rich gas flows through the # 2 three-way solenoid valve (8) and then enters an energy storage system gas release pipe network (9) to replace oxygen in an internal space, and the oxygen concentration is reduced to be below 25% of the flammable lower limit of the thermal runaway separated gas of the lithium ion battery and to be in a positive pressure nitrogen-rich environment which is 1-5% higher than the local atmospheric pressure; when a person enters the energy storage system cabin (13), dry air flowing through the No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve (6) directly enters the No. 2 three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the gas release pipe network (9) and replaces part of nitrogen in the gas phase space until oxygen in the energy storage system cabin (13) is restored to the concentration suitable for the person to enter.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized by an oxygen concentration sensor (10) and a pressure sensor (11) which can monitor the oxygen concentration and pressure inside the energy storage system chamber (13) in real time and transmit signals to a control system (14) which regulates the gas flow into the gas release network (9) by adjusting the opening of the solenoid valve (3), the 1# three-way solenoid valve (6) and the 2# three-way solenoid valve (8).
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a personnel identification system (12) installed outside the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin (13) is used as an intelligent auxiliary means, whether personnel enter the device can be monitored in real time, signals are transmitted to a control system (14), and the control system (14) determines what kind of gas is filled into the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin (13) by adjusting the opening and closing of two channels of a No. 1 three-way electromagnetic valve (6); meanwhile, personnel planning to enter the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin (13) can adjust the internal atmosphere environment of the lithium ion battery energy storage system cabin (13) through manual operation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110716593.1A CN113304423A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Air inerting device for fire protection of lithium ion battery energy storage system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110716593.1A CN113304423A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Air inerting device for fire protection of lithium ion battery energy storage system |
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| CN113304423A true CN113304423A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
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2021
- 2021-06-28 CN CN202110716593.1A patent/CN113304423A/en active Pending
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| CN207654567U (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-07-27 | 韩晓钢 | A kind of unmanned active preventive fire-fighting system used into section |
| KR20200105316A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Energy storage system |
| KR20210022167A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-03-03 | (주)에어레인 | Nitrogen gas generator for preventing fire of energy storage system |
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