CN113303897A - 一种装配式皮质骨螺钉 - Google Patents

一种装配式皮质骨螺钉 Download PDF

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CN113303897A
CN113303897A CN202110552887.5A CN202110552887A CN113303897A CN 113303897 A CN113303897 A CN 113303897A CN 202110552887 A CN202110552887 A CN 202110552887A CN 113303897 A CN113303897 A CN 113303897A
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cortical bone
bone screw
connecting piece
nail
tubular connecting
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刘玉增
张希诺
海涌
关立
潘爱星
丁红涛
李越
陆鸿一
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Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/704Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other the longitudinal element passing through a ball-joint in the screw head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8665Nuts

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种装配式皮质骨螺钉,该皮质骨螺钉包括同轴心设置的钉头1、钉体2和钉尾3;与所述钉尾3同轴心依次设置有球冠4、管式连接件6和固定件7;所述钉尾3设有支撑所述球冠4的凸台状支撑件;所述管式连接件6的下端内侧设有容纳所述球冠4的容纳腔5;所述管式连接件6的上端与所述固定件7连接。本发明通过钉体1尾端设置的球冠4,以及设于所述管式连接件下端内的所述球冠容纳腔,使得皮质骨螺钉的外展空间得到了有效的扩大,大大提升了皮质骨轨迹技术的减压范围。

Description

一种装配式皮质骨螺钉
技术领域
本发明涉及骨科医疗器械,具体讲涉及一种装配式皮质骨螺钉。
背景技术
腰椎减压内固定术是治疗腰椎退行性病变的有效治疗手段,皮质骨轨迹螺钉由于具有增强螺钉拔出能力、小切口、剥离肌肉范围小等优势,逐渐成为腰椎退行性病变伴骨质疏松首选的固定方式。皮质骨轨迹内固定技术可以贯穿脊柱后柱峡部皮质骨、椎弓根内侧皮质骨、椎弓根外侧皮质骨和脊柱中柱外上椎体皮质四处皮质,可以获得更强的抗拔出力,适用于骨质疏松患者脊柱内固定手术。尽管传统的皮质骨螺钉采用Solera系统,但是由于尾帽切迹大,棘突遮挡无法达到皮质骨螺钉的外展角度,失去了椎弓根外侧皮质的坚强咬合固定。分体皮质骨螺钉可预先植入皮质骨轨迹通道而对手术减压区域无遮挡。目前传统皮质骨螺钉以及尾帽向中线集中,不仅使椎板减压的操作难于进行,而且还限制了减压的范围。
发明内容
为了方便椎板减压操作以及扩大减压范围,本发明提供了一种改进的尾帽皮质骨螺钉。
本发明提供的装配式皮质骨螺钉,该皮质骨螺钉包括同轴心设置的钉头1、钉体2和钉尾3;其特征在于,与所述钉尾3同轴心依次设置有球冠4、管式连接件6和固定件7;所述钉尾3设有支撑所述球冠4的凸台状支撑件;所述管式连接件6的下端内侧设有容纳所述球冠4的容纳腔5;所述管式连接件6的上端与所述固定件7连接。
其中,所述管式连接件6下端内侧的容纳腔5为与所述球冠4相配的活动球冠状容纳腔;所述管式连接件6和容纳腔5的腔壁的轴向上分别设有组装用凸凹槽。
其中,所述管式连接件6与所述固定件7两者分别设有内外螺纹,实现螺纹连接。
其中,所述管式连接件6上端有对称设置的两个轴向凹槽,所述凹槽的槽深大于所述固定件7的高度;所述管式连接件6与固定件7两者的外端面在同一平面上。
其中,垂直于所述轴心的方向的所述凹槽的槽内设有长度大于所述管式连接件6的直径的主棒。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明提供的尾帽皮质骨螺钉的尾座由球冠和支撑所述球冠的凸台状支撑件,而所述管式连接件的下端内侧又设有容纳所述球冠的容纳腔的结构可以方便的改变钉头的方向,因而拓宽了有皮质骨螺钉的外展空间,提升了皮质骨轨迹技术的减压范围。
2、所述管式连接件和活动容纳腔的腔壁的轴向上分别设有组装用凸凹槽,使得所述尾帽皮质骨螺钉的安装可通过插拔实现,安装十分便捷。
3、由于设有主棒,由于主棒的设置,在需要多个尾帽皮质骨螺钉时,可以通过设置的主棒将多个尾帽皮质骨螺钉串联起来。
4、由于容纳腔5是一与管状凸台4匹配的管状腔,从而使尾帽皮质骨螺钉可以方便的在不同方向上移动。
附图说明
图1为本发明的尾帽皮质骨螺钉组装图结构示意图;
图2为本发明的万向尾帽皮质骨螺钉连接示意图;
图中:1、钉头;2,钉体;3,钉尾;4,球冠;5,容纳腔;6,管式连接件;7,固定件。
具体实施方式
结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的说明。
实施例1
本发明提供的尾帽皮质骨螺钉包括钉头1、钉体2和钉尾3。所述钉尾同轴心依次设置有尾座4、管式连接件6和固定件7;所述尾座3由球冠4和支撑所述球冠4的凸台组成,球冠4与该凸台两者间优选插接连接;所述管式连接件6的下端内侧设有容纳所述球冠的容纳腔5,容纳腔5优选与所述球冠4匹配的球冠;所述管式连接件的上端通过内螺纹与所述固定件7的内螺纹实现螺纹连接,该螺纹优选反式螺纹。
所述管式连接件6下端内侧的容纳腔5优选与所述球冠相配的球冠活动容纳腔5;所述管式连接件6和容纳腔5的腔壁的轴向上分别设有组装用凸凹槽,图中未示出。
所述凸台状支撑件4为与所述轴心线垂直的正六面体,且其通过所述轴心的两对边间的距离大于所述球冠的直径;所述正六面体的中心线与所述凸台竖向中心线均与所述轴心为同轴心。
所述六面体尾座中心设有竖向通孔,该通孔设有与所述钉尾外螺纹相匹配的内螺纹。
实施例2
尾帽皮质骨螺钉,该皮质骨螺钉的钉尾3设有外螺纹,附图中被尾座挡住,钉尾通过外螺纹与垂直于所述轴心的尾座中心设置的通孔的内螺纹实现两者连接;所述尾座中心设置的竖向凸台通过螺纹与所述球冠连接并支撑所述球冠4。设于管式连接件6下端内与所述球冠对应的容纳腔5抱紧所述球冠并使之能在该容纳腔内的内自由转动所述管式连接件的;其中的容纳腔5优选冠状容纳腔。
所述管式连接件的上端外侧设有外螺纹,借此外螺纹实现与所述固定件7的螺纹连接;所述固定件7为设有与所述管式连接件外螺纹相匹配的内螺纹的螺母;此两部件间优选反式螺纹连接。
所述管式连接件6和所述管式连接件下端内设置的容纳腔5两者分别有大小相等的竖向对称的两部分组成,且两者分别设有轴向凸凹槽以供所述尾帽皮质骨螺钉安装使用。
本发明的优选技术方案中,钉头、钉体和钉尾三者总长35~55mm,球冠直径2.5毫米mm。
优点及效果:本发明脊柱内固定皮质骨螺钉可以用于任何部位(包括骶骨、髂骨)的脊柱椎体皮质骨轨迹螺钉技术,本发明提供的皮质骨螺钉减少了传统钉尾对中央减压区域的遮挡,并节约出了更大的皮质骨螺钉外展空间,有助于提升皮质骨轨迹技术的减压范围。
所述的可装配式螺钉头设有自攻螺纹,钉体设有双螺纹,尾端为球冠状,装配在与之相配合的球窝形容纳腔5中,组成万向节结构,形成万向连接,球状钉头为六角梅花螺纹钉头,方便螺丝刀植入螺钉;该容纳腔5的上端设有用于安装所述球冠的4六角梅花螺纹。
下面结合附图和实施例详细描述本发明。
如图1~2所示,本发明脊柱内固定尾帽皮质骨螺钉包括可装配式螺钉钉头1,钉体2,设有竖向凸台的钉尾3,所述竖向凸台支撑的球冠4,位于所述管式容纳腔下端内的容纳腔5,管式连接件6的上端通过设置的内螺纹与固定件7的外螺纹通过螺纹连接,两者的外端面位于同一平面上。垂直于所述管式连接件的轴心方向的所述管式连接件6的壁上设置有用于固定所述主棒的螺纹孔。
实施临床皮质骨轨迹螺钉脊柱内固定术时,先将螺钉钉体置入椎体皮质骨轨迹通道后,再相继进行椎板、小关节突减压、将尾帽皮质骨螺钉座的球冠放入管式连接件下端的所述容纳腔5内、旋转固定件7。将本发明提供的装置应用于临床脊柱矫形、退行性疾病手术中,将一个或多个皮质骨轨迹螺钉通过所述管式连接件6连接于主棒上,调整好各个皮质骨轨迹螺钉位置。
以上仅为本发明的实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在申请待批的本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种装配式皮质骨螺钉,该皮质骨螺钉包括同轴心设置的钉头(1)、钉体(2)和钉尾(3);其特征在于,与所述钉尾(3)同轴心依次设置有球冠(4)、管式连接件(6)和固定件(7);所述钉尾(3)设有支撑所述球冠(4)的凸台状支撑件;所述管式连接件(6)的下端内侧设有容纳所述球冠(4)的容纳腔(5);所述管式连接件(6)的上端与所述固定件(7)连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,所述管式连接件(6)下端内侧的容纳腔(5)为与所述球冠(4)相配的球冠状活动容纳腔;所述管式连接件(6)和容纳腔(5)的腔壁的轴向上分别设有组装用凸凹槽。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,所述管式连接件(6)与所述固定件(7)两者分别设有内外螺纹,实现螺纹连接。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,所述管式连接件(6)上端设置有对称的两个轴向凹槽,所述凹槽的槽深大于所述固定件(7)的高度;所述管式连接件(6)与固定件(7)两者的外端面在同一平面上。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,垂直于所述轴心的方向的所述凹槽的槽内设有长度大于所述管式连接件(6)的直径的主棒。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,所述钉头、钉体和钉尾三者总长35mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种皮质骨螺钉,其特征在于,所述球冠直径3.5mm、所述凸台状支撑件的直径为2mm,所述管式连接件直径为8mm。
CN202110552887.5A 2021-05-20 2021-05-20 一种装配式皮质骨螺钉 Pending CN113303897A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114343815A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-04-15 长沙市第三医院 一种多平面皮质骨螺钉、骨骼定位装置及定位使用方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114343815A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-04-15 长沙市第三医院 一种多平面皮质骨螺钉、骨骼定位装置及定位使用方法
US11839412B2 (en) 2022-03-17 2023-12-12 The Third Hospital Of Changsha Multi-plane cortical bone screw, bone positioning device and positioning and use method

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