CN113303066A - Water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control Download PDFInfo
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- CN113303066A CN113303066A CN202110456462.4A CN202110456462A CN113303066A CN 113303066 A CN113303066 A CN 113303066A CN 202110456462 A CN202110456462 A CN 202110456462A CN 113303066 A CN113303066 A CN 113303066A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 298
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 298
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 35
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
- G16Y10/05—Agriculture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y20/00—Information sensed or collected by the things
- G16Y20/10—Information sensed or collected by the things relating to the environment, e.g. temperature; relating to location
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y40/00—IoT characterised by the purpose of the information processing
- G16Y40/30—Control
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- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural automation, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control, which comprises an irrigation terminal, a node module and a control center, wherein the irrigation terminal is connected with the node module; in the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation, the drip irrigation quantity in the soil area needs to be accurately controlled, and the concentration difference of the water and fertilizer applied in different soil areas by a single drip irrigation pipeline is difficult to accurately control when the prepared water and fertilizer concentration is adjusted and applied to field crops through a drip irrigation pipeline; therefore, the irrigation terminal is arranged to replace the existing drip irrigation pipeline system, a large number of drip irrigation pipelines paved in the planting soil are avoided, historical data of soil nutrients are transmitted to the control center by the detection unit to be analyzed by the computer, and the change of the concentration of water and fertilizer of the drip irrigation is fed back to the irrigation terminal, so that the information interconnection of the water and fertilizer drip irrigation is formed, and the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural automation, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control.
Background
A water-fertilizer integration technology refers to a new agricultural technology integrating irrigation and fertilization, and is characterized in that soluble solid or liquid fertilizer is mixed with irrigation water by means of a pressure system according to the content of soil nutrients and the fertilizer requirement rule and characteristics of crop types, and the mixed fertilizer liquid and the irrigation water are supplied together through a controllable pipeline system to form drip irrigation through a pipeline and a dripper after the water and the fertilizer are mutually fused, so that the growing area of crop root systems is uniformly, regularly and quantitatively infiltrated, and the soil of main root systems is always kept loose and appropriate in water content; meanwhile, according to the characteristics of fertilizer requirement of different crops, the conditions of soil environment and nutrient content, the water requirement of the crops in different growth periods and the fertilizer requirement rule condition, the demand design of different growth periods is carried out, and the water and the nutrients are quantified at regular time and are directly provided for the crops in proportion.
In the application of liquid manure integration, need lay a large amount of pipelines that are used for driping irrigation in the soil of planting the crop, and the speed of liquid manure drip irrigation process is very fast, make the pipeline of driping irrigation be in idle state mostly, and in liquid manure integration drip irrigation, need the drip irrigation volume in the accurate control soil area, in the pipeline that has adjusted the liquid manure concentration of preparing and has driped irrigation applys to the crop field, be difficult to the concentration difference that the liquid manure was applyed in the pipeline that the accurate control list was driped irrigation, then the application effect of liquid manure integration has been reduced.
If a chinese patent with application number CN201610141968.5 discloses an thing networking liquid manure integration lysimeter measurement system, its characterized in that: the system comprises a mechanical component, an Internet of things core module, a data transmission module, a data detection module and a remote upper computer module; the remote acquisition of field data is realized; according to the technical scheme, the environmental information influencing different soil depths of crop growth is acquired by using the layered sensor, and the acquired data are accurate and reliable; the acquired data is stored in a database, so that the subsequent data can be conveniently analyzed; the fertilizer consumption of roots at different depths of crops can be measured regularly, and the research on water and fertilizer is facilitated; however, the technical scheme does not solve the problems that a large number of pipelines for drip irrigation need to be laid, and a drip irrigation opening arranged in a field needs to be timely treated after being polluted by environmental blockage, so that the application effect of water and fertilizer integration is weakened.
In view of the above, the invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control, and solves the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control, which replaces the existing drip irrigation pipeline system through an arranged irrigation terminal, avoids a large number of drip irrigation pipes laid in planting soil, can accurately control water and fertilizer parameters drip irrigation into the soil, transmits historical data of soil nutrients to a control center by using a detection unit for computer analysis, and feeds back the historical data to the irrigation terminal to change the concentration of the water and fertilizer drip irrigation, so that the information interconnection of the water and fertilizer drip irrigation is formed, and the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
The invention relates to a water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control, which comprises an irrigation terminal, a node module and a control center, wherein the irrigation terminal is connected with the node module; the irrigation terminal is used for dripping water and fertilizer into soil, and the irrigation terminal also transmits the detected soil data to the node module; the node module is used for relaying data communication between the irrigation terminal and the control center; the control center is used for analyzing the water and fertilizer drip irrigation condition detected by the irrigation terminal and adjusting the running state of the irrigation terminal in real time;
the irrigation terminal comprises a walking unit, a fertilizer mixing unit, a detection unit and a controller; the walking unit is used for driving the irrigation terminal to move in the planting area; the mixed fertilizer unit is used for matching water fertilizers with different concentrations to carry out drip irrigation; the detection unit is used for detecting the nutrient content of soil in the area to be subjected to drip irrigation, further changing the water and fertilizer concentration of the mixed fertilizer unit under the regulation of the controller, and marking the detected soil parameters according to the geographical positions of the soil parameters;
the node modules are arranged in the planting soil area, water conveying pipes are further arranged in the node modules and used for supplementing drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit and increasing the drip irrigation area of the irrigation terminal in the planting soil area;
the control center comprises a terminal actuator and a cloud processor; the terminal executor is installed in the irrigation terminal and used for controlling the operation of the irrigation terminal, and the terminal executor is also used for receiving control information of the cloud processor transmitted by the node module and adjusting the operation of the controller in the irrigation terminal in real time;
in the prior art, a large number of pipelines for drip irrigation need to be laid in soil for planting crops, the speed of the water and fertilizer drip irrigation process is high, so that most of the drip irrigation pipelines are in an idle state, the drip irrigation quantity in a soil area needs to be accurately controlled in the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation, the concentration difference of the water and fertilizer applied in the single drip irrigation pipeline is difficult to accurately control when the prepared water and fertilizer concentration is adjusted and applied to field crops through a drip irrigation pipeline, and the application effect of the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation is further reduced;
therefore, the invention carries out water and fertilizer drip irrigation through the arranged irrigation terminal, the mixed fertilizer unit is dragged to move in a drip irrigation area through the walking unit belt to carry out drip irrigation on the soil planted by crops, the drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit is supplemented by matching with the water delivery pipe of the node module, so that the mixed fertilizer unit can carry sufficient fertilizer to carry out water and fertilizer proportioning, when the walking unit moves to an area to be irrigated, the nutrient parameters of the soil in the drip irrigation area are detected through the detection unit, the mixed fertilizer unit is controlled to adjust the water and fertilizer concentration of the proportioning, the water and fertilizer supplemented by the drip irrigation can be adapted to the soil nutrient states in different areas, meanwhile, the detection unit also records the soil nutrient parameters of the irrigation terminal in the periodic irrigation operation process, the soil nutrient parameters are uploaded to the cloud processor through the node module, dynamic data of soil nutrient change are established, and the analysis result is fed back to the terminal actuator, then correcting the water and fertilizer concentration of the subsequent drip irrigation at the irrigation terminal; the invention utilizes the arranged irrigation terminal to replace the existing drip irrigation pipeline system, avoids the problem of blocking of a drip irrigation port in a field needing to be treated, can accurately control water and fertilizer parameters drip-irrigated into soil through the fertilizer mixing unit, transmits historical data of soil nutrients to the control center by utilizing the detection unit for computer analysis, and feeds back the historical data to the irrigation terminal to change the water and fertilizer concentration for drip irrigation, thereby forming the information interconnection of water and fertilizer drip irrigation and further improving the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control.
Preferably, the walking unit comprises a frame and hydraulic wheels; a hydraulic power source is installed in the frame, a hydraulic pressure wheel is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and a level gauge is also arranged in the frame; the hydraulic power source is used for driving the hydraulic wheel to run, a hydraulic pipeline is also arranged on the hydraulic power source, and the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the fertilizer mixing unit in the frame; a hydraulic column is connected between each hydraulic wheel and the frame, the hydraulic column is used for adjusting the ground clearance of the hydraulic wheels, and the hydraulic column can rotate within an axial semicircular angle; when the drip irrigation device works, the hydraulic power source arranged in the frame drives the walking unit to move, the requirement of low-speed large-tonnage motion can be met, the drip irrigation device is suitable for continuous low-speed drip irrigation operation of an irrigation terminal walking on the surface of soil, stepless speed regulation can be realized by the operation of the hydraulic wheels, the amount of water and fertilizer applied to the soil is further regulated by changing the moving speed in the drip irrigation process, the hydraulic columns arranged between the hydraulic wheels and the frame are used for controlling the contact quantity between the hydraulic wheels on the frame and the ground, the driving efficiency of the walking unit is improved by reducing the number of the hydraulic wheels in contact with the ground on the harder ground, the number of the hydraulic wheels in contact with the ground is increased on the softer ground, the depression caused by the walking unit in the soil is reduced, meanwhile, the level gauge in the frame transmits the detected inclination angle state data to the controller, the elongation of the hydraulic columns on the frame is regulated by a correction program arranged in the controller, the hydraulic wheels on the frame are located in different ground clearances, the frame is adjusted to a horizontal plane state, the drip irrigation process of water and fertilizer in the mixed fertilizer unit is maintained, the hydraulic columns rotate in the axial direction, the turning radius of an irrigation terminal is reduced, the running direction can be adjusted in situ, the rolling damage of the walking units to crops in soil is reduced, and therefore the running effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
Preferably, the mixed fertilizer unit comprises an irrigation frame and a drip irrigation pipe, the irrigation frame is mounted at the top of the frame, the drip irrigation pipe is further arranged in the irrigation frame, and the pipe diameter of the drip irrigation pipe gradually increases from the middle of the irrigation frame to the end of the irrigation frame; a water bin is also arranged in the irrigation frame and used for storing irrigation water; a storage bin is also arranged on the outer side of the water bin, and fertilizers to be irrigated are filled in the storage bin; a water and fertilizer bin is arranged below the stock bin, and a stirrer is also arranged inside the water and fertilizer bin; a three-way pipeline is fixedly connected among the water fertilizer bin, the water bin and the storage bin, and a hydraulic valve is installed on the three-way pipeline; the drip irrigation pipe is of a T-shaped structure, the bottom end of the drip irrigation pipe is communicated with the water and fertilizer bin, and the top of the drip irrigation pipe extends to two ends of the irrigation frame respectively; the two ends of the irrigation frame of the drip irrigation pipe are respectively provided with an independent water pump; the water suction pump, the stirrer and the hydraulic valve are respectively communicated with a hydraulic pipeline; when the device works, the hydraulic pipeline arranged in the hydraulic power source is used as the driving force of the fertilizer mixing unit, the load of the power source for driving a drip irrigation pipe on an irrigation frame is avoided, the water bin and the feed bin which are mutually independent are arranged in the irrigation frame, after the detection unit obtains nutrient data in soil, the hydraulic valves are used for respectively controlling the flow rate of the communication between the water bin and the feed bin and a three-way pipeline to adjust the water quantity and the fertilizer quantity added into the water fertilizer bin by the water bin and the feed bin, under the mixing of the stirrer in the fertilizer bin, the water fertilizer in the fertilizer bin is applied to the soil through the drip irrigation pipe by matching with the water suction pump at the end part of the irrigation frame, the instant drip irrigation of the prepared water fertilizer is realized, the increased pipe diameter on the drip irrigation pipe is used for reducing the pressure difference caused by the distance difference between the pipeline of the drip irrigation pipe and the water suction pump, and the balance of the drip irrigation water fertilizer quantity at different positions of the drip irrigation pipe is maintained, simultaneously along with irrigation terminal's removal for mix fertile unit and can be with adjusting the liquid manure concentration adaptation that drips irrigation in the soil area that detects, and drip irrigation the liquid manure of preparing in the fertilizer storehouse in real time, still avoided the liquid manure of allotment to deposit the change of back concentration performance, realized the liquid manure integration and joined in marriage the purpose of usefulness promptly, thereby promoted the operation effect of liquid manure integration thing networking systems based on computer control.
Preferably, the drip irrigation pipe is also provided with a drip irrigation hose which is fixed on the drip irrigation pipe; the bottom end of the drip irrigation hose is fixedly connected with a counterweight barrel which enables the drip irrigation hose to tend to be in a vertical state; through setting up the hose of driping irrigation on driping irrigation the pipe, reduce the distance between the liquid drop of driping irrigation liquid manure and soil in driping irrigation the pipe, ensure then that the liquid drop of driping irrigation falls on the required position of soil crop root system, the area of non-crop root system causes the waste in the liquid manure that avoids driping irrigation runs off soil, the counter weight section of thick bamboo that sets up in the bottom of the hose of driping irrigation simultaneously, can avoid driping irrigation the hose and remove the in-process by the crop that grows in soil at the frame and block, keep the position of driping irrigation that it located, thereby the operation effect based on computer control's liquid manure integration thing networking systems has been maintained.
Preferably, the detection unit comprises a sampling rod and a slide rail; the slide rail is fixed in the length direction of the irrigation frame, and the sampling rod is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the sampling rod is provided with a driving motor, and the position of the sampling rod on the irrigation rack is changed under the traction of the motor; the top of the sampling rod is also provided with a hydraulic push rod, and the hydraulic push rod is used for controlling the telescopic state of the sampling rod in the vertical direction; the bottom of the sampling rod is arranged into a flat structure and is parallel to the advancing direction of the irrigation frame; through setting up the slide rail on irrigating the frame, make the sampling rod change its position on irrigating the frame under the drive of motor, stretch into to soil at hydraulic push rod drive sampling rod, utilize the sampling rod to detect the soil that contacts, detect the soil nutrient in the region of irrigation terminal, set up the flat structure in sampling rod bottom, stretch into to soil with the sampling rod after, it removes to follow the frame, play loose effect to the soil top layer, and be convenient for drip irrigation inside the liquid manure that drips in the pipe enters into soil, the in-process that the sampling rod removed along with the frame simultaneously, can also obtain the complete data of soil nutrient along with the change of position, thereby the operation effect based on computer control's liquid manure integration thing networking systems has been promoted.
Preferably, the upper part of the sampling rod is also provided with a soil detector, a flat structure at the bottom of the sampling rod is provided with a groove in the advancing direction of the frame, the groove is communicated into the soil detector along the sampling rod, and the groove penetrates through the sampling rod in the radial direction above the soil detector; the sampling rod in the advancing process collects soil through the groove arranged in the sampling rod, the soil is extruded in the groove and moves to the upper part of the sampling rod, the soil is in a compacted state and enters a soil detector, so that the detection of soil nutrients is convenient for different soil qualities under the same density parameter, the sampling rod is lifted to be separated from the soil in the operation process of the soil detector, and is recovered to descend into the soil after the detection is finished, the soil is continuously collected, and the soil is discharged from the through groove at the top of the sampling rod after the analysis of the soil detector is finished, so that the compacted soil falls on the ground and falls away, the aim of continuously detecting the soil by the soil detector is fulfilled, the detailed nutrient condition of the crop planting soil is obtained, the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system is purposefully applied, so that the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the existing drip irrigation pipeline system is replaced by the arranged irrigation terminal, the problem that a drip irrigation opening in a field is blocked to be treated is avoided, water and fertilizer parameters drip-irrigated into soil can be accurately controlled through the fertilizer mixing unit, historical data of soil nutrients are transmitted to the control center by the detection unit for computer analysis, and the change of the water and fertilizer concentration is fed back to the irrigation terminal for drip irrigation, so that the information interconnection of water and fertilizer drip irrigation is formed, and the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
2. According to the invention, the hydraulic columns arranged between the hydraulic wheels and the frame are used for controlling the contact quantity between the hydraulic wheels on the frame and the ground, the detected inclination angle state data is transmitted to the controller by matching with the gradienter in the frame, the elongation of the hydraulic columns on the frame is adjusted by a correction program arranged in the controller, the frame is adjusted to be in a horizontal plane state, the drip irrigation process of water and fertilizer in the fertilizer mixing unit is maintained, and the turning radius of the irrigation terminal is reduced by the rotation of the hydraulic columns in the axial direction, so that the running direction can be adjusted in situ, and the rolling damage of the walking unit to crops in the soil is reduced.
3. According to the invention, the water bin and the feed bin which are independent from each other are arranged in the irrigation frame, the flow rate of the water bin and the feed bin which are communicated with the three-way pipeline is respectively controlled through the hydraulic valve, so that the water quantity and the fertilizer quantity added into the water and fertilizer bin by the water bin and the feed bin are regulated, the prepared water and fertilizer is subjected to the instant drip irrigation effect, and meanwhile, the mixed fertilizer unit can adapt the concentration of the water and fertilizer for regulating the drip irrigation to a detected soil area along with the movement of the irrigation terminal, so that the purpose of water and fertilizer integration and instant preparation is realized.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a top view of an irrigation terminal of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an irrigation terminal of the present invention from a bottom perspective;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the components of the fertilizer mixing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 4;
in the figure: the irrigation system comprises a frame 1, a hydraulic power source 11, a hydraulic pipeline 12, a hydraulic wheel 2, a hydraulic column 21, an irrigation frame 3, a drip irrigation pipe 4, a water pump 41, a drip irrigation hose 42, a counterweight cylinder 421, a water bin 5, a storage bin 51, a water fertilizer bin 52, a stirrer 521, a three-way pipeline 53, a hydraulic valve 531, a sampling rod 6, a motor 61, a hydraulic push rod 62, a flat structure 63, a soil detector 64, a groove 65 and a slide rail 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control comprises an irrigation terminal, a node module and a control center; the irrigation terminal is used for dripping water and fertilizer into soil, and the irrigation terminal also transmits the detected soil data to the node module; the node module is used for relaying data communication between the irrigation terminal and the control center; the control center is used for analyzing the water and fertilizer drip irrigation condition detected by the irrigation terminal and adjusting the running state of the irrigation terminal in real time;
the irrigation terminal comprises a walking unit, a fertilizer mixing unit, a detection unit and a controller; the walking unit is used for driving the irrigation terminal to move in the planting area; the mixed fertilizer unit is used for matching water fertilizers with different concentrations to carry out drip irrigation; the detection unit is used for detecting the nutrient content of soil in the area to be subjected to drip irrigation, further changing the water and fertilizer concentration of the mixed fertilizer unit under the regulation of the controller, and marking the detected soil parameters according to the geographical positions of the soil parameters;
the node modules are arranged in the planting soil area, water conveying pipes are further arranged in the node modules and used for supplementing drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit and increasing the drip irrigation area of the irrigation terminal in the planting soil area;
the control center comprises a terminal actuator and a cloud processor; the terminal executor is installed in the irrigation terminal and used for controlling the operation of the irrigation terminal, and the terminal executor is also used for receiving control information of the cloud processor transmitted by the node module and adjusting the operation of the controller in the irrigation terminal in real time;
in the prior art, a large number of pipelines for drip irrigation need to be laid in soil for planting crops, the speed of the water and fertilizer drip irrigation process is high, so that most of the drip irrigation pipelines are in an idle state, the drip irrigation quantity in a soil area needs to be accurately controlled in the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation, the concentration difference of the water and fertilizer applied in the single drip irrigation pipeline is difficult to accurately control when the prepared water and fertilizer concentration is adjusted and applied to field crops through a drip irrigation pipeline, and the application effect of the water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation is further reduced;
therefore, the invention carries out water and fertilizer drip irrigation through the arranged irrigation terminal, the mixed fertilizer unit is dragged to move in a drip irrigation area through the walking unit belt to carry out drip irrigation on the soil planted by crops, the drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit is supplemented by matching with the water delivery pipe of the node module, so that the water and fertilizer matching can be carried out only by enough fertilizer in the mixed fertilizer unit, when the walking unit moves to the area to be irrigated, the nutrient parameter of the soil in the drip irrigation area is detected through the detection unit, the mixed fertilizer unit is controlled to adjust the water and fertilizer concentration of the matching, so that the water and fertilizer supplemented by drip irrigation can be adapted to different soil nutrient states, meanwhile, the detection unit also records the soil nutrient parameter of the irrigation terminal in the periodic irrigation operation process, the soil nutrient parameter is uploaded to the cloud processor through the node module, dynamic data of soil nutrient change is established, and the analysis result is fed back to the terminal actuator, then correcting the water and fertilizer concentration of the subsequent drip irrigation at the irrigation terminal; the invention utilizes the arranged irrigation terminal to replace the existing pipeline system buried in the field by drip irrigation, avoids the idle problem of the drip irrigation pipeline in the field, can accurately control the water and fertilizer parameters in the soil by the fertilizer mixing unit, transmits the historical data of soil nutrients to the control center by the detection unit for computer analysis, and feeds back the historical data to the irrigation terminal to change the water and fertilizer concentration by drip irrigation, thereby forming the information interconnection of water and fertilizer drip irrigation and improving the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the traveling unit includes a frame 1 and hydraulic wheels 2; a hydraulic power source 11 is installed in the frame 1, a hydraulic wheel 2 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, and a level gauge is also arranged in the frame 1; the hydraulic power source 11 is used for driving the hydraulic wheel 2 to run, a hydraulic pipeline 12 is further arranged on the hydraulic power source 11, and the hydraulic pipeline 12 is communicated with a fertilizer mixing unit in the frame 1; a hydraulic column 21 connected between each hydraulic wheel 2 and the frame 1 is arranged, the hydraulic column 21 is used for adjusting the ground clearance of the hydraulic wheel 2, and the hydraulic column 21 can rotate within an axial semicircular angle; when the drip irrigation device works, the hydraulic power source 11 arranged in the frame 1 drives the walking unit to move, the requirement of low-speed large-tonnage motion can be met, the drip irrigation device is suitable for continuous low-speed drip irrigation operation of an irrigation terminal walking on the surface of soil, stepless speed regulation can be realized during the operation of the hydraulic wheels 2, the amount of water and fertilizer applied to the soil is further regulated by changing the moving speed in the drip irrigation process, the hydraulic columns 21 arranged between the hydraulic wheels 2 and the frame 1 are used for controlling the contact quantity between the hydraulic wheels 2 on the frame 1 and the ground, the driving efficiency of the walking unit is improved by reducing the number of the hydraulic wheels 2 contacting the ground on the harder ground, the number of the hydraulic wheels 2 contacting the ground is increased on the softer ground, the depression of the walking unit in the soil is reduced, and meanwhile, the level gauge in the frame 1 transmits the detected inclination angle state data to the controller, the extension amount of the hydraulic column 21 on the frame 1 is adjusted through a correction program arranged in the controller, so that the hydraulic wheel 2 on the frame 1 is positioned in different ground clearances, the frame 1 is adjusted to be in a horizontal plane state, the drip irrigation process of water and fertilizer in the fertilizer mixing unit is maintained, the rotation of the hydraulic column 21 in the axial direction reduces the turning radius of an irrigation terminal, the running direction of the irrigation terminal can be adjusted in situ, the rolling damage of a walking unit to crops in soil is reduced, and the running effect of the water and fertilizer integrated internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
As an embodiment of the invention, the mixed fertilizer unit comprises an irrigation frame 3 and a drip irrigation pipe 4, the irrigation frame 3 is installed on the top of the vehicle frame 1, the drip irrigation pipe 4 is further arranged in the irrigation frame 3, and the pipe diameter of the drip irrigation pipe 4 gradually increases from the middle of the irrigation frame 3 to the end of the irrigation frame; a water bin 5 is also arranged in the irrigation frame 3, and the water bin 5 is used for storing irrigation water; a storage bin 51 is further arranged on the outer side of the water bin 5, and fertilizers to be irrigated are filled in the storage bin 51; a water and fertilizer bin 52 is arranged below the stock bin 51, and a stirrer 521 is further arranged inside the water and fertilizer bin 52; a tee pipe 53 is fixedly connected between the water fertilizer bin 52 and the water bin 5 and the storage bin 51, and a hydraulic valve 531 is arranged on the tee pipe 53; the drip irrigation pipe 4 is of a T-shaped structure, the bottom end of the drip irrigation pipe 4 is communicated with the water and fertilizer bin 52, and the top of the drip irrigation pipe 4 extends to two ends of the irrigation frame 3 respectively; the two ends of the irrigation frame 3 of the drip irrigation pipe 4 are respectively provided with an independent water pump 41; the water suction pump 41, the stirrer 521 and the hydraulic valve 531 are respectively communicated with the hydraulic pipeline 12; when the device works, the hydraulic pipeline 12 arranged in the hydraulic power source 11 is used as the driving force of the fertilizer mixing unit, so that the load of the power source for driving the drip irrigation pipe 4 is avoided being arranged on the irrigation frame 3, the mutually independent water bin 5 and the storage bin 51 are arranged in the irrigation frame 3, after the detection unit obtains nutrient data in soil, the flow rate of communication between the water bin 5 and the storage bin 51 and the three-way pipeline 53 is respectively controlled through the hydraulic valve 531, so as to adjust the water amount and the fertilizer amount added into the water fertilizer bin 52 by the water bin 5 and the storage bin 51, under the mixing of the stirrer 521 in the fertilizer bin 51, the water fertilizer in the fertilizer bin 51 is applied to the soil through the drip irrigation pipe 4 by matching with the water suction pump 41 at the end part of the irrigation frame 3, so that the instant drip irrigation of the prepared water fertilizer is realized, the increased pipe diameter on the drip irrigation pipe 4 is used for reducing the pressure difference caused by the distance difference between the pipeline of the drip irrigation pipe 4 and the water suction pump 41, maintain the balance of the fertilizer volume of drip irrigation water on the different positions of drip irrigation pipe 4, simultaneously along with the removal of irrigation terminal for mix fertile unit can be with adjusting the liquid manure concentration adaptation of driping irrigation in the soil region that detects, and drip irrigation the liquid manure of preparing in fertilizer storehouse 51 in real time, still avoided the change of the liquid manure concentration performance of allotting after depositing, realized the liquid manure integration and joined in marriage the mesh of usefulness promptly, thereby promoted the operation effect based on computer control's liquid manure integration thing networking systems.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the drip irrigation tube 4 is further provided with a drip irrigation hose 42, and the drip irrigation hose 42 is fixed on the drip irrigation tube 4; the bottom end of the drip irrigation hose 42 is also fixedly connected with a counterweight cylinder 421, and the counterweight cylinder 421 enables the drip irrigation hose 42 to tend to be in a vertical state; through setting up drip irrigation hose 42 on drip irrigation pipe 4, reduce drip irrigation the liquid drop of liquid manure and the distance between soil in the drip irrigation pipe 4, then ensure that the liquid drop of driping irrigation falls on the required position of soil crop root system, the area of non-crop root system causes the waste in the liquid manure that avoids driping irrigation runs off the soil, simultaneously at the counter weight section of thick bamboo 421 that drip irrigation hose 42 bottom set up, can avoid drip irrigation hose 42 to be blockked by the crop that grows in the soil at frame 1 removal in-process, keep the drip irrigation position that it was located, thereby the operation effect based on computer control's liquid manure integration thing networking systems has been maintained.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit includes a sampling rod 6 and a slide rail 7; the slide rail 7 is fixed in the length direction of the irrigation frame 3, and the sampling rod 6 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 7; the sampling rod 6 is provided with a driving motor 61, and the sampling rod 6 changes the position on the irrigation rack 3 under the traction of the motor 61; the top of the sampling rod 6 is also provided with a hydraulic push rod 62, and the hydraulic push rod 62 is used for controlling the telescopic state of the sampling rod 6 in the vertical direction; the bottom of the sampling rod 6 is arranged into a flat structure 63 and is parallel to the advancing direction of the irrigation frame 3; through setting up slide rail 7 on irrigation frame 3, make sampling rod 6 change its position on irrigation frame 3 under the drive of motor 61, stretch into to soil at hydraulic push rod 62 drive sampling rod 6, utilize sampling rod 6 to detect the soil that contacts, detect the soil nutrient in the region of irrigation terminal place, set up the flat structure 63 in sampling rod 6 bottom, stretch into to soil with sampling rod 6 after, follow frame 1 and remove, play loose effect on the soil top layer, and be convenient for drip irrigation pipe 4 in the liquid manure that drips enter into inside the soil, sampling rod 6 is along with the in-process that frame 1 removed simultaneously, can also obtain the complete data of soil nutrient along with the position change, thereby the operation effect of liquid manure integration thing networking systems based on computer control has been promoted.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a soil detector 64 is further disposed on the upper portion of the sampling rod 6, a groove 65 is formed in the flat structure 63 at the bottom of the sampling rod 6 in the advancing direction of the frame 1, the groove 65 is communicated with the soil detector 64 along the sampling rod 6, and the groove 65 penetrates through the sampling rod 6 in the radial direction above the soil detector 64; the sampling rod 6 in the process of traveling collects soil through the groove 65 arranged in the sampling rod 6, the soil is extruded in the groove 65 and moves upwards along the sampling rod 6, the soil is in a compacted state and enters the soil detector 64, so that the detection of soil nutrients is convenient for different soil qualities under the same density parameter, the sampling rod 6 is lifted to be separated from the soil in the operation process of the soil detector 64, and is recovered to descend into the soil after the detection is finished, the soil is continuously collected, and is discharged from the through groove 65 at the top of the sampling rod 6 after the soil detector 64 finishes the analysis, so that the compacted soil falls on the ground and falls away, the aim of continuously detecting the soil by the soil detector 64 is achieved, the detailed nutrient condition of the crop planting soil is obtained, the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system is purposefully applied, so that the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control is improved.
The specific working process is as follows:
the irrigation terminal is started, the level gauge in the walking unit detects the inclination angle of the ground where the walking unit is located, the ground clearance of the hydraulic wheel 2 is adjusted, the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer applying in the drip irrigation operation is accurately controlled under the condition that the fertilizer mixing unit in the sloping field environment is in the horizontal plane, and the hydraulic wheel 2 rotates under the driving of the hydraulic column 21, so that the turning radius of the irrigation terminal is reduced, and the moving performance of the irrigation terminal is enhanced; after the soil detector 64 in the detection unit acquires soil nutrient data through the sampling rod 6, the opening and closing state of the hydraulic valve 531 on the three-way pipeline 53 is adjusted through the controller, the flow rates of the water bin 5 and the storage bin 51 which respectively enter the water and fertilizer bin 52 are changed, so as to prepare water fertilizers with different concentrations, and drip irrigation the water fertilizers into soil of the area where the irrigation terminal is located, when the water quantity in the water bin 5 is used up through drip irrigation, the controller asks the terminal actuator for the position of the node module and supplements the water quantity to the water bin 5 through the water delivery pipe, and then returns to the position where the drip irrigation is stopped to continue the water and fertilizer drip irrigation, the drip irrigation hose 42 in the fertilizer mixing unit, the bottom end of the drip irrigation hose is lapped on the surface of soil, and under the traction of the walking unit, the counterweight cylinder 421 is dragged on the surface of the soil layer to form a shallow groove, so as to guide the penetration position of the drip irrigation water and fertilizer, and prevent the port of the drip irrigation hose 42 from contacting the soil; the irrigation terminal is arranged to carry out drip irrigation of water and fertilizer, the mixed fertilizer unit is pulled by the walking unit belt to move in a drip irrigation area to carry out drip irrigation on the soil planted by crops, drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit is supplemented by the water delivery pipe of the node module, so that water and fertilizer matching can be carried out only by enough fertilizer in the mixed fertilizer unit, when the walking unit moves to an area to be irrigated, nutrient parameters of the soil in the drip irrigation area are detected by the detection unit, the mixed fertilizer unit is controlled to adjust the water and fertilizer concentration of the matching ratio, so that the water and fertilizer supplemented by drip irrigation can be adapted to different soil nutrient states, meanwhile, the detection unit also records the soil nutrient parameters of the irrigation terminal in the periodic irrigation operation process, the soil nutrient parameters are uploaded to the cloud processor through the node module, dynamic data of soil nutrient change are established, and the analysis result is fed back to the terminal actuator, then correcting the water and fertilizer concentration of the subsequent drip irrigation at the irrigation terminal; the operation effect of the water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system under the control of the computer is improved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control is characterized in that: the system comprises an irrigation terminal, a node module and a control center; the irrigation terminal is used for dripping water and fertilizer into soil, and the irrigation terminal also transmits the detected soil data to the node module; the node module is used for relaying data communication between the irrigation terminal and the control center; the control center is used for analyzing the water and fertilizer drip irrigation condition detected by the irrigation terminal and adjusting the running state of the irrigation terminal in real time;
the irrigation terminal comprises a walking unit, a fertilizer mixing unit, a detection unit and a controller; the walking unit is used for driving the irrigation terminal to move in the planting area; the mixed fertilizer unit is used for matching water fertilizers with different concentrations to carry out drip irrigation; the detection unit is used for detecting the nutrient content of soil in the area to be subjected to drip irrigation, further changing the water and fertilizer concentration of the mixed fertilizer unit under the regulation of the controller, and marking the detected soil parameters according to the geographical positions of the soil parameters;
the node modules are arranged in the planting soil area, water conveying pipes are further arranged in the node modules and used for supplementing drip irrigation water in the mixed fertilizer unit and increasing the drip irrigation area of the irrigation terminal in the planting soil area;
the control center comprises a terminal actuator and a cloud processor; the terminal executor is installed in the irrigation terminal, is used for controlling the operation of the irrigation terminal, and is also used for receiving the control information of the cloud processor transmitted by the node module and adjusting the operation of the controller in the irrigation terminal in real time.
2. The computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the walking unit comprises a frame (1) and hydraulic wheels (2); a hydraulic power source (11) is installed in the frame (1), a hydraulic wheel (2) is arranged at the bottom of the frame (1), and a level gauge is also arranged in the frame (1); the hydraulic power source (11) is used for driving the hydraulic wheel (2) to run, a hydraulic pipeline (12) is further arranged on the hydraulic power source (11), and the hydraulic pipeline (12) is communicated with the fertilizer mixing unit in the frame (1); and a connected hydraulic column (21) is arranged between each hydraulic wheel (2) and the frame (1), the hydraulic column (21) is used for adjusting the ground clearance of the hydraulic wheel (2), and the hydraulic column (21) can rotate within an axial semicircular angle.
3. The computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mixed fertilizer unit comprises an irrigation frame (3) and a drip irrigation pipe (4), the irrigation frame (3) is installed at the top of the vehicle frame (1), and the drip irrigation pipe (4) is further arranged in the irrigation frame (3); a water bin (5) is further arranged in the irrigation frame (3), and the water bin (5) is used for storing irrigation water; a storage bin (51) is further arranged on the outer side of the water bin (5), and fertilizers to be irrigated are filled in the storage bin (51); a water fertilizer bin (52) is arranged below the stock bin (51), and a stirrer (521) is further arranged inside the water fertilizer bin (52); a three-way pipeline (53) is fixedly connected between the water fertilizer bin (52) and the water bin (5) and the storage bin (51), and a hydraulic valve (531) is installed on the three-way pipeline (53); the drip irrigation pipe (4) is of a T-shaped structure, the bottom end of the drip irrigation pipe (4) is communicated with the water and fertilizer bin (52), and the top of the drip irrigation pipe (4) extends to two ends of the irrigation frame (3) respectively; the two ends of the irrigation frame (3) of the drip irrigation pipe (4) are respectively provided with an independent water pump (41); the water suction pump (41), the stirrer (521) and the hydraulic valve (531) are respectively communicated with the hydraulic pipeline (12).
4. The computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the drip irrigation hose (42) is also arranged on the drip irrigation pipe (4), and the drip irrigation hose (42) is fixed on the drip irrigation pipe (4); the bottom end of the drip irrigation hose (42) is fixedly connected with a counterweight cylinder (421), and the counterweight cylinder (421) enables the bottom port of the drip irrigation hose (42) to be attached to the surface of soil.
5. The computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection unit comprises a sampling rod (6) and a sliding rail (7); the slide rail (7) is fixed in the length direction of the irrigation frame (3), and the sampling rod (6) is slidably mounted on the slide rail (7); the sampling rod (6) is provided with a driving motor (61), and the position of the sampling rod (6) on the irrigation frame (3) is changed under the traction of the motor (61); the top of the sampling rod (6) is also provided with a hydraulic push rod (62), and the hydraulic push rod (62) is used for controlling the telescopic state of the sampling rod (6) in the vertical direction; the bottom of the sampling rod (6) is arranged into a flat structure (63) and is parallel to the advancing direction of the irrigation frame (3).
6. The computer-control-based water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system according to claim 5, wherein: the upper portion of sampling pole (6) still is equipped with soil detection appearance (64), and the flat structure (63) of sampling pole (6) bottom is seted up fluted (65) in the advancing direction towards frame (1), and in flute (65) communicate to soil detection appearance (64) along sampling pole (6), flute (65) link up the radial of sampling pole (6) in soil detection appearance (64) top.
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| CN202110456462.4A CN113303066A (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control |
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| CN202110456462.4A CN113303066A (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Water and fertilizer integrated Internet of things system based on computer control |
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