CN113301319A - Image color enhancement method and device realized on FPGA - Google Patents

Image color enhancement method and device realized on FPGA Download PDF

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CN113301319A
CN113301319A CN202110462037.6A CN202110462037A CN113301319A CN 113301319 A CN113301319 A CN 113301319A CN 202110462037 A CN202110462037 A CN 202110462037A CN 113301319 A CN113301319 A CN 113301319A
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fpga
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李瑛达
王凯
王超
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Dalian Neusoft University of Information
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/77—Circuits for processing the brightness signal and the chrominance signal relative to each other, e.g. adjusting the phase of the brightness signal relative to the colour signal, correcting differential gain or differential phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/646—Circuits for processing colour signals for image enhancement, e.g. vertical detail restoration, cross-colour elimination, contour correction, chrominance trapping filters

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Abstract

The invention discloses an image color enhancement method and equipment realized on FPGA, which comprises the steps of acquiring RGB image information to be processed through a sensor, utilizing an FPGA unit to carry out normalization processing on the RGB image data, then converting RGB space into HSI component, normalizing the HSI component by the FPGA unit, converting the HSI component from the HSI color space into the RGB color space, and obtaining the processed RGB image data.

Description

Image color enhancement method and device realized on FPGA
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of image enhancement, in particular to an image color enhancement method and device realized on an FPGA (field programmable gate array).
Background
In the application of image acquisition or video monitoring, due to the influence of external factors such as severe weather, uneven illumination, low illumination and the like, the obtained image often has the problems of uneven brightness, low contrast, color distortion, edge blurring and the like, so that the image quality is poor, and the subsequent information interpretation and extraction are influenced. In addition to these external factors, the sensor itself has drawbacks, color information is unbalanced, sensitivity to different colors is different, image quality is poor, and processing speed is poor. Therefore, fast and efficient image enhancement algorithms are one of the key elements in the field of image analysis and understanding in order to improve the quality of color images and extract more information available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an image color enhancement method realized on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) to overcome the problems of uneven brightness, low contrast, color distortion, edge blurring and the like of an image.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
step 1, acquiring first RGB image information to be processed through a sensor, and transmitting the first RGB image information to an FPGA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal;
step 2, carrying out normalization processing on the first RGB image data by utilizing an FPGA unit to obtain second RGB image data;
step 3, converting the color component of the second RGB image data from RGB space to HSI component;
step 4, parallel processing of the HSI component by using the FPGA unit to normalize the HSI component;
and 5, converting the HSI component from the HSI color space to the RGB color space to obtain the processed third RGB image data.
Further, the step 3 of performing normalization processing on the first RGB image data by using the FPGA unit to obtain second RGB image data includes:
step 3.1, converting the RGB space into a saturation S component, wherein the calculation formula of the saturation S component is as follows:
Figure BDA0003042715970000021
s ═ sxk, where k is the manual adjustment coefficient;
step 3.2, judge G2And B2And converting from RGB space to hue H component, judging G2And B2The process comprises the following steps:
step 3.2.1, when G2≥B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure BDA0003042715970000022
step 3.2.2, when G2＜B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure BDA0003042715970000023
and 3.3, converting the RGB space into a brightness I component, wherein the calculation formula of the brightness I component is as follows:
Figure BDA0003042715970000024
further, the step 5 includes determining a value of H and calculating third RGB image data, where the determining the value of H includes:
step 5.1, when H is greater than or equal to 0 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi/3, calculating formulas of an R component, a G component and a B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
B3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000025
G3＝3I-(R3+B3)
step 5.2, when H is not less than 2 × pi/3 and H is not more than 4 × pi 3, R component, G component, and B component calculation formulas of the third RGB image data are respectively:
R3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000026
B3＝3I-(R3+G3)
and 5.3, when H is more than or equal to 4 × pi/3 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi, calculating formulas of the R component, the G component and the B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
G3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000031
R3＝3I-(G3+B3)
wherein R is3、G3、B3Is a component of the third RGB image data.
Further, the method for normalizing the first RGB image in step 2 includes:
R2＝R1/(R1+G1+B1)；G2＝G1/(R1+G1+B1)；B2＝B1/(R1+G1+B1)，
wherein R is1、G1、B1Is a component of the first RGB image data, R2、G2、B2Is a component of the second RGB image data.
The invention also provides a device for implementing the image color enhancement method on the FPGA, which is characterized in that: the system comprises an FPGA (field programmable gate array) operation unit, an image sensing unit, a storage unit and a network transmission unit, wherein the image sensing unit acquires RGB (red, green and blue) image information to be processed and transmits the RGB image information to the FGPA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal, the FPGA operation unit operates the RGB image information to be processed, and an image generated by operation is stored in the storage unit or transmitted to a display terminal through the network transmission unit.
Has the advantages that: the image color enhancement algorithm provided by the invention is realized based on FPGA, and the HSI component conversion is realized by adopting parallel computation, so that the image color enhancement problem is solved, the image information processing speed is greatly improved by adopting the equipment, and the image color enhancement process is rapidly completed.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a general flow chart corresponding to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart corresponding to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus corresponding to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an effect diagram of manually adjusting coefficient K to 1 according to the method of the present invention
FIG. 5 is an effect diagram of the coefficient K of the manual adjustment coefficient corresponding to the method of the present invention being 1.2;
FIG. 6 is an effect diagram of the coefficient K of the manual adjustment coefficient corresponding to the method of the present invention being 1.5;
FIG. 7 is an effect diagram of the coefficient K of the manual adjustment coefficient corresponding to the method of the present invention being 2.0;
FIG. 8 is an effect diagram of the coefficient K of the manual adjustment coefficient corresponding to the method of the present invention being 2.5;
fig. 9 is an effect diagram of the manual adjustment coefficient K of the method of the present invention being 3.0.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 provides an image color enhancement method implemented on an FPGA, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 4 to 9, including:
step 1, acquiring first RGB image information to be processed through a sensor, and transmitting the first RGB image information to an FPGA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal;
step 2, carrying out normalization processing on the first RGB image data by utilizing an FPGA unit to obtain second RGB image data;
step 3, converting the color component of the second RGB image data from RGB space to HSI component;
step 4, parallel processing of the HSI component by using the FPGA unit to normalize the HSI component;
and 5, converting the HSI component from the HSI color space to the RGB color space to obtain the processed third RGB image data.
The invention converts the complex illumination image from the RGB color space to the HSI color space for image enhancement, and the HSI color space is an intuitive color model and avoids the defects of RGB. The HSI separates the brightness and the color component of the image, the enhancement operation of the brightness component does not affect the color information, the color distortion of the image can be effectively avoided, the enhancement processing of the image is only carried out on one dimension, and the image processing speed is improved. And then the new luminance component H, S, I is inversely transformed back to the RGB space, the fusion process is completed, the hue and the luminance are kept unchanged, and the saturation component is adjusted to achieve the purpose of image enhancement.
In specific example 1, the preferred scheme of step 3 is: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
step 3.1, converting the RGB space into a saturation S component, wherein the calculation formula of the saturation S component is as follows:
Figure BDA0003042715970000051
s ═ sxk, where k is the manual adjustment coefficient;
step 3.2, judge G2And B2And converting from RGB space to hue H component, judging G2And B2The process comprises the following steps:
step 3.2.1, when G2≥B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure BDA0003042715970000052
step 3.2.2, when G2＜B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure BDA0003042715970000053
and 3.3, converting the RGB space into a brightness I component, wherein the calculation formula of the brightness I component is as follows:
Figure BDA0003042715970000054
in embodiment 1, the step 5 includes determining a value of H and calculating the third RGB image data, where the determining the value of H includes:
step 5.1, when H is greater than or equal to 0 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi/3, calculating formulas of an R component, a G component and a B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
B3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000055
G3＝3I-(R3+B3)
step 5.2, when H is not less than 2 × pi/3 and H is not more than 4 × pi 3, R component, G component, and B component calculation formulas of the third RGB image data are respectively:
R3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000056
B3＝3I-(R3+G3)
and 5.3, when H is more than or equal to 4 × pi/3 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi, calculating formulas of the R component, the G component and the B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
G3＝I(1-S)
Figure BDA0003042715970000061
R3＝3I-(G3+B3)
wherein R is3、G3、B3Is a component of the third RGB image data.
In specific embodiment 1, the method for normalizing the first RGB image in step 2 includes:
R2＝R1/(R1+G1+B1)；G2＝G1/(R1+G1+B1)；B2＝B1/(R1+G1+B1)，
wherein R is1、G1、B1Is a component of the first RGB image data, R2、G2、B2Is a component of the second RGB image data.
The same object, as in fig. 3, is also provided by the present invention in example 2: a device for realizing an image color enhancement method on an FPGA is characterized in that: the system comprises an FPGA (field programmable gate array) operation unit, an image sensing unit, a storage unit and a network transmission unit, wherein the image sensing unit acquires RGB (red, green and blue) image information to be processed and transmits the RGB image information to the FGPA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal, the FPGA operation unit operates the RGB image information to be processed, and an image generated by operation is stored in the storage unit or transmitted to a display terminal through the network transmission unit. The display terminal can be a computer, a mobile phone or a television and the like. The image sensing unit may also transmit RGB image information to be processed to the FGPA arithmetic unit using a digital component serial or parallel data pattern. The device can be externally connected with a power supply, a real-time clock, a USB, an audio interface and a high-definition interface. The equipment can greatly improve the image information processing speed and quickly finish the color enhancement process of the image.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An image color enhancement method implemented on an FPGA, comprising:
step 1, acquiring first RGB image information to be processed through a sensor, and transmitting the first RGB image information to an FPGA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal;
step 2, carrying out normalization processing on the first RGB image data by utilizing an FPGA unit to obtain second RGB image data;
step 3, converting the color component of the second RGB image data from RGB space to HSI component;
step 4, parallel processing of the HSI component by using the FPGA unit to normalize the HSI component;
and 5, converting the HSI component from the HSI color space to the RGB color space to obtain the processed third RGB image data.
2. The image color enhancement method implemented on the FPGA of claim 1, wherein the step 3 of normalizing the first RGB image data by the FPGA unit to obtain the second RGB image data comprises:
step 3.1, converting the RGB space into a saturation S component, wherein the calculation formula of the saturation S component is as follows:
Figure FDA0003042715960000011
s ═ sxk, where k is the manual adjustment coefficient;
step 3.2, judge G2And B2And converting from RGB space to hue H component, judging G2And B2The process comprises the following steps:
step 3.2.1, when G2≥B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure FDA0003042715960000012
step 3.2.2, when G2＜B2The formula for calculating the hue H component is:
Figure FDA0003042715960000013
and 3.3, converting the RGB space into a brightness I component, wherein the calculation formula of the brightness I component is as follows:
Figure FDA0003042715960000014
3. the image color enhancement method implemented on the FPGA of claim 1 wherein the step 5 comprises determining a value of H and calculating the third RGB image data, the determining the value of H comprising:
step 5.1, when H is greater than or equal to 0 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi/3, calculating formulas of an R component, a G component and a B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
B3＝I(1-S)
Figure FDA0003042715960000021
G3＝3I-(R3+B3)
step 5.2, when H is not less than 2 × pi/3 and H is not more than 4 × pi 3, R component, G component, and B component calculation formulas of the third RGB image data are respectively:
R3＝I(1-S)
Figure FDA0003042715960000022
B3＝3I-(R3+G3)
and 5.3, when H is more than or equal to 4 × pi/3 and H is less than or equal to 2 × pi, calculating formulas of the R component, the G component and the B component of the third RGB image data are respectively as follows:
G3＝I(1-S)
Figure FDA0003042715960000023
R3＝3I-(G3+B3)
wherein R is3、G3、B3Is a component of the third RGB image data.
4. The image color enhancement method implemented on the FPGA as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first RGB image normalization processing method in step 2 is:
R2＝R1/(R1+G1+B1)；G2＝G1/(R1+G1+B1)；B2＝B1/(R1+G1+B1)，
wherein R is1、G1、B1Is a component of the first RGB image data, R2、G2、B2Is a component of the second RGB image data.
5. An apparatus using the image color enhancement method implemented on the FPGA of claim 1, characterized in that: the system comprises an FPGA (field programmable gate array) operation unit, an image sensing unit, a storage unit and a network transmission unit, wherein the image sensing unit acquires RGB (red, green and blue) image information to be processed and transmits the RGB image information to the FGPA operation unit through a low-voltage differential signal, the FPGA operation unit operates the RGB image information to be processed, and an image generated by operation is stored in the storage unit or transmitted to a display terminal through the network transmission unit.
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CN114666559A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-06-24 华南理工大学 RGB and HSI color space conversion method based on FPGA and circuit thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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