CN113299894A - MnF2@ NC lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

MnF2@ NC lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113299894A
CN113299894A CN202110562288.1A CN202110562288A CN113299894A CN 113299894 A CN113299894 A CN 113299894A CN 202110562288 A CN202110562288 A CN 202110562288A CN 113299894 A CN113299894 A CN 113299894A
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composite material
mnf
mnco
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temperature
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秦艳敏
张珊
包海峰
方正
李娜
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Wuhan Textile University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/582—Halogenides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of novel material energy storage, and discloses a preparation method and application of a MnF2@ NC composite material. Mixing a manganese salt solution and an ammonium bicarbonate solution, and carrying out high-temperature reaction to obtain a manganese carbonate precursor with a micro-nano structure; then, constructing a nitrogen-doped carbon layer to obtain a manganese carbonate intermediate containing a coating layer; and finally, obtaining the MnF2@ NC composite material by taking ammonium fluoride as a fluorine source through a high-temperature solid-phase reaction. The preparation method is simple, and the prepared MnF2@ NC composite material has a special nitrogen-doped carbon-coated structure. When the MnF2@ NC composite material is used as a lithium ion battery cathode material, the special structure enables the composite material to have higher lithium storage capacity and excellent cycle stability.

Description

MnF2@ NC lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and particularly relates to nitrogen-doped carbon-coated MnF2（MnF2@ NC) lithium ion battery composite negative electrode material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The development of new clean energy is the key to solve the global energy crisis and environmental pollution. Compared with the traditional energy storage equipment, the lithium ion battery has long service life. Safety, environmental protection and the like, and the performance of the lithium ion battery is determined by the lithium storage characteristics of the electrode material. The commercial natural graphite cathode material cannot meet the requirements of high energy density and high power density, so the development of a new generation of lithium ion battery cathode material is imminent.
The transition metal compound has high specific capacity and is widely researched in the field of lithium ion batteries. MnF2One of them has a theoretical specific capacity of 576 mAh/g, which is much greater than that of graphite, and thus MnF2Is expected to become a new generation of lithium ion battery cathode material. Prior art 1 (Le Zhang, et al, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 724, 1101-containing material 1108.) MnF is prepared by a sol-gel method by using manganese acetate as a manganese source, trifluoroacetic acid as a fluorine source and CNTs as a carbon source2the/CNTs composite material is similar to a ball cluster in shape and has the particle size of 2 mu m; the first discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery cathode material under the current density of 115.4 mA/g is 887 mAh/g, and the discharge capacity is 264 mAh/g after 100 cycles under the current density of 577 mA/g. Prior art 2 (YIYONG Wei, et al, Journal of electrochemical Chemistry,2019, 840, 237-2Electrode material, the shape of which is irregular particle; the first discharge and charge capacity ratio at 0.1C current density was 1077.2 and 481.9 mAh/g. In the prior art 3 (Nasr Bensalah. et al. Phys. Status Solidi A, 2018, 1800151.) manganese nitrate and fluosilicic acid are used as raw materials, and MWCNTs is introduced to prepare MWCNTs-MnF2Composite material of MnF2Dispersed in the MWCNTs network and partially coated with MWCNTs. Prior art 4 (Nasr Bensalah, et al. Materials and Design, 2018, 147, 167-2Composite materialMaterial, wherein the particle size of MnF is 20-30 nm2Mixed in a network of interwoven CNTs.
MnF prepared by the prior art2The lithium storage capacity of the material does not reach MnF when the material is used as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery2The theoretical specific capacity and the cycle performance of the MnF can not meet the current long-cycle use requirement, so the high-performance MnF2The development of material preparation methods becomes particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The primary object of the present invention is to provide MnF2A preparation method of the @ NC composite material. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
MnF2the @ NC composite material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 1-5mmol of manganese source and 5-20mmol of ammonium bicarbonate in 30mL of solvent, and then carrying out high-temperature reaction at 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 10-15h to obtain MnCO with a micro-nano structure3A precursor;
(2) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (1) to3Adding the precursor into 50mL of Tris buffer solution with pH =10, and adding a surface modifier dopamine hydrochloride, wherein MnCO is3The mass ratio of the precursor to dopamine hydrochloride is 2:1-1:3, the precursor reacts for 12 hours at room temperature, and MnCO is obtained by centrifugal washing3@ PDA intermediate;
(3) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (2) to3The @ PDA intermediate is placed at one end of the porcelain boat, and ammonium fluoride solid is placed at the other end, wherein MnCO3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:5-1:20, the porcelain boat is placed in a tube furnace, and MnCO is added3The section in the middle of @ PDA is downwind, and the temperature is kept at 200-500 ℃ for 2-5h to obtain MnF2@ NC composite material.
Preferably, the manganese source in step (1) is one of manganese acetate, manganese nitrate and manganese chloride.
Preferably, the concentration of the manganese source in step (1) is 1mmol, and the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate is 10 mmol.
Preferably, the solvent in the step (1) is one of ethylene glycol and deionized water.
Preferably, the high-temperature reaction in the step (1) is carried out at 180 ℃ for 12 h.
Preferably, the MnCO in the step (2)3The mass ratio of the precursor to the dopamine hydrochloride is 2: 1.
Preferably, MnCO is used in the step (3)3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1: 12.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in step (3) is 400 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature-keeping time in step (3) is 3 ℃.
Another object of the present invention is to provide MnF prepared by the above method2@ NC composite material.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide the above MnF2Application of the @ NC composite material in a lithium ion battery cathode material.
The preparation method of the invention and the obtained MnF2The @ NC composite material has the following advantages:
(1) the invention can controllably prepare MnF2The @ NC composite material has a micro-nano structure, and can promote charge transfer and maintain the stability of an electrode material structure.
(2) The invention can controllably prepare MnF2The @ NC composite material introduces N element, so that the wettability of electrolyte can be improved, and the lithium storage performance of the material is improved.
(3) The MnF prepared by the invention2The @ NC composite material has an excellent lithium storage capacity and good cycle stability due to the special structure and the doping coating of special substances.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2XRD pattern of @ NC composite.
FIG. 2 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2Raman plots of @ NC composites.
FIG. 3 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2SEM image of @ NC composite.
FIG. 4 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2@ NC composite as lithiumThe voltage capacity plot of the first ten cycles of the ion battery negative electrode material at a current density of 100 mA/g.
FIG. 5 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2And the @ NC composite material is used as a cycle performance diagram of the lithium ion battery negative electrode material under the current density of 100 mA/g.
FIG. 6 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2And the rate performance graph of the @ NC composite material serving as the lithium ion battery negative electrode material under different current densities.
FIG. 7 shows MnF obtained in example 1 of the present invention2And the @ NC composite material is used as a cycle performance diagram of the lithium ion battery anode material under the current density of 1.0A/g.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Dissolving 1mmol of manganese acetate and 10mmol of ammonium bicarbonate in 30mL of ethylene glycol solvent, and then reacting at the high temperature of 180 ℃ for 12h to obtain the MnCO with the micro-nano structure3A precursor;
(2) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (1) to3Adding the precursor into 50mL of Tris buffer solution with pH =10, and adding a surface modifier dopamine hydrochloride, wherein MnCO is3The mass ratio of the precursor to dopamine hydrochloride is 2:1, the reaction is carried out for 12 hours at room temperature, and MnCO is obtained by centrifugal washing3@ PDA intermediate;
(3) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (2) to3The @ PDA intermediate is placed at one end of the porcelain boat, and ammonium fluoride solid is placed at the other end, wherein MnCO3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:12, the porcelain boat is placed in a tube furnace, and MnCO is added3The section in the middle of @ PDA is downwind, and the temperature is kept at 400 ℃ for 3h to obtain MnF2@ NC composite material.
FIG. 1 shows MnF obtained in this example2XRD pattern of @ NC composite. The composite material obtained is pure MnF as can be analyzed from the figure2Phase, space group is p42/mnm (136). FIG. 2 shows MnF obtained in this example2Raman spectrogram of @ NC composite material. From Raman spectraIt can be seen that there are carbon and Mn2+Is present. FIG. 3 shows MnF obtained in this example2The SEM image of the @ NC composite material shows that the obtained product has a quasi-spherical structure and the particle size is 500-700 nm.
MnF obtained in this example2The application performance test of the @ NC composite material as the lithium ion battery anode material is as follows: the obtained MnF2The method comprises the following steps of taking a @ NC composite material as an active material, acetylene black as a conductive agent and polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder, dissolving the active material, the acetylene black and the polyvinylidene fluoride in a certain amount of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solution according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1, and magnetically stirring for more than 2 hours under a sealing condition to obtain slurry which is uniformly mixed; then uniformly coating the slurry on a copper foil, and quickly placing the copper foil in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 12 hours; the dried copper foil coated with the active substance was then cut into a wafer having a diameter of 13.0 cm, and the loading of the active substance on the wafer was controlled to be 1.1 to 1.5 mg/cm. Assembling the lithium ion battery: the cut small disks were used as working electrodes, lithium plates as reference electrodes, Celgard2400 polypropylene microporous membranes as separators, 1.0M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)6) And a mixed solution of Ethylene Carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (EC: DMC =1:1, v/v) as an electrolyte. The whole assembly process of the cell is carried out in an argon-protected glove box, and the content of oxygen and water in the box is less than 0.1 ppm.
FIG. 4 shows MnF obtained in this example2The voltage capacity curve chart of the previous ten turns of the @ NC composite material as the lithium ion battery negative electrode material. When the current density is 100 mA/g, the first discharge capacity is 2122.0 mAh/g, the first charge capacity reaches 991.2 mAh/g, and the first coulombic efficiency is 46.71%. The irreversible capacity loss is caused by occurrence of irreversible reaction such as SEI generation or the like. FIG. 5 shows MnF obtained in this example2Graph of the cycling performance of @ NC composite at a current density of 100 mA/g. As can be seen from the figure, the cycling performance of the battery is stable, and the capacity is higher, because of the existence of the nitrogen-doped carbon layer, the lithium storage capacity can be larger than the theoretical specific capacity of the battery; after 260 charge-discharge cycles, the battery also had a reversible specific capacity of 827.2 mAh/g. FIG. 6 shows MnF obtained in this example2Rate performance graph of @ NC composite material under different current densities. The battery has reversible specific capacities of 879.4, 633.6, 542.8, 470.9, 391, 255, and 150.6 mAh/g at current densities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0A/g, respectively; particularly, after the high current circulation of 10.0A/g, when the current density returns to 0.1A/g again, the reversible specific capacity of 866.2 mAh/g is also provided, and the value is very close to the initial specific capacity, which indicates that the battery has better circulation stability and rate capability. FIG. 7 shows MnF obtained in this example2And (5) a circulation performance diagram of the @ NC composite material under high current density. It can be seen from the graph that the battery has relatively stable cycle performance and specific capacity even at a large current density of 1.0A/g; the specific capacity of the battery is in a stable state after being increased, and the increase is because the electrode material is gradually activated and the energy storage sites are completely exposed; after 700 times of charge-discharge circulation, the reversible specific capacity of the battery is 150.6 mAh/g.
Example 2
(1) Dissolving 1mmol of manganese acetate and 10mmol of ammonium bicarbonate in 30mL of ethylene glycol solvent, and then reacting at the high temperature of 180 ℃ for 12h to obtain the MnCO with the micro-nano structure3A precursor;
(2) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (1) to3Adding the precursor into 50mL of Tris buffer solution with pH =10, and adding a surface modifier dopamine hydrochloride, wherein MnCO is3The mass ratio of the precursor to dopamine hydrochloride is 2:1, the reaction is carried out for 12 hours at room temperature, and MnCO is obtained by centrifugal washing3@ PDA intermediate;
(3) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (2) to3The @ PDA intermediate is placed at one end of the porcelain boat, and ammonium fluoride solid is placed at the other end, wherein MnCO3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:5, the porcelain boat is placed in a tube furnace, and MnCO is added3The section in the middle of @ PDA is downwind, and the temperature is kept at 300 ℃ for 2h to obtain MnF2@ NC composite material.
This example was used to prepare a mixed phase of sulfide and oxide. At the temperature of 25 ℃, the first discharge capacity is 1824.2 mAh/g under the current density of 100 mA/g, the first charge capacity reaches 766.2 mAh/g, and the first coulombic efficiency is 42.0%. The reversible capacity of the material is 758.2 mAh/g after 100 cycles of testing at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a current density of 100 mA/g.
Example 3
(1) Dissolving 1mmol of manganese acetate and 10mmol of ammonium bicarbonate in 30mL of ethylene glycol solvent, and then reacting at the high temperature of 180 ℃ for 12h to obtain the MnCO with the micro-nano structure3A precursor;
(2) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (1) to3Adding the precursor into 50mL of Tris buffer solution with pH =10, and adding a surface modifier dopamine hydrochloride, wherein MnCO is3The mass ratio of the precursor to dopamine hydrochloride is 2:1, the reaction is carried out for 12 hours at room temperature, and MnCO is obtained by centrifugal washing3@ PDA intermediate;
(3) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (2) to3The @ PDA intermediate is placed at one end of the porcelain boat, and ammonium fluoride solid is placed at the other end, wherein MnCO3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:10, the porcelain boat is placed in a tube furnace, and MnCO is added3The section in the middle of @ PDA is downwind, and the temperature is kept at 500 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain MnF2@ NC composite material.
This example was used to prepare a mixed phase of sulfide and oxide. At the temperature of 25 ℃, the first discharge capacity is 1624.2 mAh/g under the current density of 100 mA/g, the first charge capacity reaches 687.0 mAh/g, and the first coulombic efficiency is 42.3%. The reversible capacity of the material is 670.8 mAh/g after 100 cycles of testing at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a current density of 100 mA/g.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. MnF2The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps of:
(1) dissolving 1-5mmol of manganese source and 5-20mmol of ammonium bicarbonate in 30mLIn a solvent, then performing high-temperature reaction at the temperature of 150-3A precursor;
(2) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (1) to3Adding the precursor into 50mL of Tris buffer solution with pH value of 10, and adding a surface modifier dopamine hydrochloride, wherein MnCO is3The mass ratio of the precursor to dopamine hydrochloride is 2:1-1:3, the precursor reacts for 12 hours at room temperature, and MnCO is obtained by centrifugal washing3@ PDA intermediate;
(3) subjecting the MnCO obtained in the step (2) to3The @ PDA intermediate is placed at one end of the porcelain boat, and ammonium fluoride solid is placed at the other end, wherein MnCO3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:5-1:20, the porcelain boat is placed in a tube furnace, and MnCO is added3The section in the middle of @ PDA is downwind, and the temperature is kept at 200-500 ℃ for 2-5h to obtain MnF2@ NC composite material.
2. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the manganese source is at least one of manganese acetate, manganese nitrate and manganese chloride, and the preferable concentration is 1mmol of the manganese source and 10mmol of ammonium bicarbonate.
3. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the solvent is at least one of ethylene glycol and deionized water.
4. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-temperature reaction in the step (2) is carried out at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours.
5. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: MnCO in the step (3)3The mass ratio of the precursor to the dopamine hydrochloride is 2: 1.
6. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized in that: in the step (3), the reaction temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours.
7. The MnF of claim 12The preparation method of the @ NC composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: MnCO in the step (3)3The mass ratio of the @ PDA intermediate to the ammonium fluoride is 1: 12.
8. MnF2The @ NC composite material is characterized in that: prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The MnF of claim 82The @ NC composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the composite material is 500-700 nm.
10. The MnF of claim 92Application of the @ NC composite material in a lithium ion battery cathode material.
CN202110562288.1A 2021-05-24 2021-05-24 MnF2@ NC lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN113299894A (en)

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CN114388805A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-22 华南师范大学 Manganous fluoride-carbon composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114684858A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-07-01 内蒙古大学 Preparation process of small-particle-size and high-dispersion manganese fluoride nanocrystalline
CN115893496A (en) * 2022-11-10 2023-04-04 北京科技大学 Composite anode material MnF2@ C of lithium ion battery and preparation method

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CN114388805A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-22 华南师范大学 Manganous fluoride-carbon composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114388805B (en) * 2021-12-30 2024-04-30 华南师范大学 Manganous fluoride-carbon composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114684858A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-07-01 内蒙古大学 Preparation process of small-particle-size and high-dispersion manganese fluoride nanocrystalline
CN115893496A (en) * 2022-11-10 2023-04-04 北京科技大学 Composite anode material MnF2@ C of lithium ion battery and preparation method
CN115893496B (en) * 2022-11-10 2024-02-20 北京科技大学 Composite anode material MnF2@C of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210824