CN113299311A - Sound-light conversion array for sound control luminous standing wave experimental instrument - Google Patents
Sound-light conversion array for sound control luminous standing wave experimental instrument Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument, which is formed by connecting a plurality of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel, wherein each acousto-optic conversion unit mainly comprises an acoustic signal pickup module, a signal amplification module, a signal acquisition processing module and an acoustic intensity and phase display module; the sound signal pickup module converts sound signals into electric signals, the signal acquisition processing module converts the electric signals amplified by the signal amplification module into digital quantity, the digital quantity is processed to output PWM signals, and the intensity and the phase of the sound signals are reflected by controlling the brightness and the color of the two-color LED. The invention has high signal acquisition precision, strong stability and accurate brightness and color display control, and improves the frequency detection range of the sound signal; the invention has the advantages of small quantity of used electronic elements, small size, convenience for small-size high-density integration, easiness for mounting on the inner wall of the standing wave tube and convenience for researching the sound wave characteristics in the tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of physical experiment teaching instruments, in particular to an acousto-optic conversion array for a voice-controlled luminous standing wave experimental instrument.
Background
The standing wave is formed by superimposing two lines of waves having the same amplitude, frequency and vibration direction and opposite propagation directions, and for example, an incident sound wave emitted from a speaker is reflected at the other end of the tube and interferes with the incident sound wave to form the standing wave.
In experiments demonstrating acoustic standing waves with a Kuntt tube, annular splashed kerosene spray can be observed, where the point where the liquid vibrates most intensely, is called the antinode; the liquid is stationary and the point of least amplitude is called the node. At the antinode of the standing wave in the Kuntt tube, the air vibrates violently, the air pressure is small, and accordingly kerosene at the antinode is sucked up, and the kerosene at the antinode splashes; at the node of the standing wave, the energy of the standing wave is extremely small, air at antinodes at two sides is gathered towards the node, the air pressure is high, and kerosene at the node is pressed down, so that the kerosene can only flow towards two sides (antinode positions). Finally, the two reach dynamic equilibrium, and a fountain phenomenon seen in the experiment is formed. The Kuntt tube is used for demonstrating acoustic standing waves, the noise is large, the phase position of air vibration cannot be reflected, certain danger exists in the using process, and coal gas residue still exists in the tube after the use.
A sound sensing sound standing wave demonstration device (patent number: ZL201520438503.7) directly drives a double-color LED to emit light by carrying out analog amplification on collected sound signals, although the intensity and the phase of sound standing waves can be displayed, the control is not accurate enough, so that the difference between the brightness and the color of the double-color LED and the actual sound intensity and the phase is large, particularly under the condition of low frequency, and the detection on the frequency of the sound signals can only be correspondingly carried out below 3.5 KHz.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument is formed by connecting a plurality of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel, wherein each acousto-optic conversion unit mainly comprises an acoustic signal pickup module, a signal amplification module, a signal acquisition processing module and an acoustic intensity and phase display module;
the acoustic signal pickup module is used for converting an acoustic signal into an electric signal;
the signal amplification module is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the acoustic signal pickup module and outputting the electric signal to the signal acquisition and processing module;
the signal acquisition processing module is used for converting the electric signal output by the signal amplification module into a digital quantity, and outputting a PWM signal after processing to control the sound intensity and phase display module;
and the sound intensity and phase display module is used for reflecting the intensity and phase of the sound signal by controlling the luminous brightness and color of the bicolor LED according to the PWM signal output by the signal acquisition and processing module.
The acoustic signal pickup module comprises four independent conversion channels, and the conversion channels comprise a microphone, a pull-up resistor and a signal output coupling capacitor;
the signal amplification module comprises a four-channel integrated operational amplifier with four inverting input ends, four non-inverting input ends and four output ends, a four-channel independent input resistor, a four-channel independent feedback resistor and a first power supply filter capacitor;
the signal acquisition processing module comprises a single chip microcomputer, a first parallel connection port, a second power supply filter capacitor and a reset interface;
the sound intensity and phase display module comprises four double-color LEDs and four current-limiting resistors;
one end of the microphone is grounded, the other end of the microphone is connected to a first power supply voltage through the pull-up resistor and is connected with one end of the input resistor through the signal output coupling capacitor, and the other end of the input resistor is connected with four inverted input ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
one end of the feedback resistor is connected between the input resistor and the inverting input end of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier, and the other end of the feedback resistor is connected with the four output ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier in a one-to-one correspondence manner; one end of the first power supply filter capacitor is connected to a first power supply voltage, and the other end of the first power supply filter capacitor is grounded; four non-inverting input ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier are connected between the first power supply filter capacitor and a first power supply voltage;
the single chip microcomputer is provided with five analog signal input ends, wherein four analog signal input ends are respectively connected with four output ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the rest one of the four analog signal input ends is connected between the first power supply filter capacitor and a first power supply voltage;
the single chip microcomputer is provided with eight PWM signal output ends which are respectively connected with the cathodes of the double-color LEDs in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the anodes of the double-color LEDs are connected to a second power supply voltage through current limiting resistors;
the first parallel connection port and the second parallel connection port are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer and are used for connecting any number of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel to form a required acousto-optic conversion array so as to realize multi-machine communication among the arrays; two ends of the second power supply filter capacitor are respectively connected to a second power supply voltage and ground; the reset interface is connected with a reset end of the single chip microcomputer;
the singlechip is used for carrying out ADC conversion on the received five analog signals, representing a reference potential and four sound channel potentials respectively after the conversion, wherein the four sound channels correspond to the four bicolor LEDs one by one respectively, then enabling PWM signals of corresponding colors of each bicolor LED according to the digital quantity of each sound channel potential and the reference potential, and controlling the pulse width of the PWM signals according to the absolute value of the difference value of the digital quantity of each sound channel potential and the reference potential.
The ADC is triggered and controlled by an external signal through the first parallel connection port and the second parallel connection port in an interruption mode, and five analog signals are sequentially subjected to polling conversion.
In the acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminous standing wave experiment instrument, the LM324QFN16 chip is selected as the four-channel integrated operational amplifier.
In the acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminous standing wave experiment instrument, the singlechip selects an N76E003AQ20 chip.
The acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument is characterized in that the first parallel connection port and the second parallel connection port are INT6-1 interfaces.
The acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument is characterized in that the LED1206 is selected as the bicolor LED.
According to the technical scheme, the sound signal analog quantity is converted into the digital quantity, the brightness and the color of the double-color LED are controlled through the PWM signal after the digital quantity is processed by the single chip microcomputer, the signal acquisition precision is high, the stability is high, the brightness and the color display control are accurate, and the frequency detection range of the sound signal is widened; the invention has the advantages of small quantity of used electronic elements, small size, convenience for small-size high-density integration, easiness for mounting on the inner wall of the standing wave tube and convenience for researching the sound wave characteristics in the tube.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the acousto-optic conversion unit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of the acoustic signal pickup module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of the signal amplification module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of the signal acquisition processing module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit schematic of the acoustic intensity and phase display module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
An acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminous standing wave experimental instrument is formed by connecting a plurality of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel. As shown in fig. 1, the acousto-optic conversion unit is mainly composed of an acoustic signal pickup module 100, a signal amplification module 200, a signal acquisition processing module 300, and an acoustic intensity and phase display module 400.
Wherein the acoustic signal pickup module 100 converts an acoustic signal into an electrical signal; the signal amplification module 200 amplifies the electrical signal output by the acoustic signal pickup module 100 and outputs the amplified electrical signal to the signal acquisition and processing module 300; the signal acquisition processing module 300 converts the electrical signal output by the signal amplification module 200 into a digital quantity, and outputs a PWM signal after processing to control the sound intensity and phase display module 400; the sound intensity and phase display module 400 reflects the intensity and phase of the sound signal by controlling the brightness and color of the light emitted from the two-color LED according to the PWM signal output from the signal acquisition and processing module 300.
As shown in fig. 2, the acoustic signal pickup module 100 includes four independent switching channels 101; 102, and (b); 103; 104. a switching channel 101; 102, and (b); 103; 104 comprises a microphone MIC 1; MIC 2; MIC 3; MIC4, pull-up resistor R11; r21; r31; r41 and signal output coupling capacitor C11; c21; c31; C41.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal amplifying module 200 includes a four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201, a four-channel independent input resistor R12; r22; r32; r42 and a four-channel independent feedback resistor R13; r23; r33; r43 and a first power supply filter capacitor C2, and the LM324QFN16 chip is selected as the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201.
An input resistor R12; r22; r32; one end of R42 is connected to the output end of acoustic signal pickup module 100, and the other end is connected to the four inverting input ends of four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201 in a one-to-one correspondence. A feedback resistor R13; r23; r33; one end of R43 is connected to input resistor R12; r22; r32; the R42 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201, and the other end is connected to the four output terminals of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201 in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of the first power supply filter capacitor C2 is connected to the first power supply voltage V2.0, and the other end is grounded GND. Four non-inverting input terminals of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201 are connected between the first power supply filter capacitor C2 and the first power supply voltage V2.0.
The network labels of the output end of the signal amplification module 200 and the input end of the signal acquisition processing module 300 are respectively: AIN3, AIN5, AIN0, AIN2, AIN 1. Pins 1-16 of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201 are connected with the network labels PREF, V5, NC, PREF, M2_ IN, a2_ out, A3_ out, M3_ IN, PREF, NC, GND, PREF, M4_ IN, a4_ out, a1_ out, and M1_ IN sequence.
As shown in fig. 4, the signal acquisition and processing module 300 includes a single chip microcomputer 301, a first parallel connection port J1, a second parallel connection port J2, a second power filter capacitor C3, and a reset port RST, wherein the single chip microcomputer 301 selects an N76E003AQ20 chip, and the first parallel connection port J1 and the second parallel connection port J2 select INT6-1 interfaces.
The single chip microcomputer 301 has five analog signal input terminals AIN3, AIN5, AIN0, AIN2 and AIN1, wherein AIN3 is connected between the first power supply filter capacitor C2 and the first power supply voltage V2.0, and AIN5, AIN0, AIN2 and AIN1 are respectively connected with the output terminals a1_ out, a2_ out, A3_ out and a4_ out of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier 201 in a one-to-one correspondence. The single chip microcomputer 301 has eight PWM signal output terminals PWM0, PWM1, PWM1-, PWM2, PWM3, PWM4, PWM5, PWM5-, connected to the two-color LED in the sound intensity and phase display module 400.
The first parallel port J1 and the second parallel port J2 are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer 301, and any number of acousto-optic conversion units are connected in parallel to form a required acousto-optic conversion array, so that multi-machine communication among the arrays is realized. Two ends of the second power filter capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the second power voltage V5 and ground GND. The reset interface RST is connected with a reset end of the single chip microcomputer 301.
Pins 1-19 of the single chip microcomputer 301 are connected with network labels AIN2, AIN0, GND, ICPDA, V5, PWM5, PWM2, PWM1, PWM0, PWM1-, INT, PWM3, PWM4, ICPCK, PWM5-, AIN5, AIN1, RST and AIN3 in sequence, and pin 20 is suspended for standby. The No. 4 pin and the No. 14 pin are also respectively connected with network labels TXD1 and RXD1, namely the No. 4 pin and the No. 14 pin are used as program download interfaces (ICPDA and ICPCK) and are also used as inter-array multi-computer communication interfaces (TXD1 and RXD 1).
No. 1-6 pins of the parallel port J1 are sequentially connected with network labels RXD1, INT, TXD1, PREF, GND and V5; no. 1-6 pins of the parallel port J2 are sequentially connected with network labels V5, GND, PREF, TXD1, INT and RXD 1.
As shown in fig. 5, the acoustic intensity and phase display module 400 includes four bi-color LEDs: le 1; le 2; le 3; le4 and four current limiting resistors R16; r26; r36; r46, wherein, the two-color LED: le 1; le 2; le 3; le4 is selected as the LED 1206. A two-color LED: le 1; le 2; le 3; the negative electrode (pin No. 4 and pin No. 3) of Le4 is respectively connected with the PWM signal output end PWM4, PWM3, PWM1-, PWM1, PWM5-, PWM5, PWM2 and PWM0 of the single chip microcomputer 301 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the dual-color LED: le 1; le 2; le 3; the anode (pins No. 1 and No. 2) of Le4 passes through a current limiting resistor R16; r26; r36; r46 is connected to a second supply voltage V5.
The acousto-optic conversion units can be connected in parallel by any number of network labels V5, GND, PREF, TXD1, INT and RXD1 to form a required acousto-optic conversion array.
Five analog signals received by the single chip microcomputer 301 represent digital quantities of a reference potential, a channel 1 potential, a channel 2 potential, a channel 3 potential and a channel 4 potential respectively after being converted by an ADC therein. The ADC conversion inside the single chip 301 is triggered and controlled by an external signal through the network label INT, performs polling conversion on the five analog signals in sequence, and then performs processing and PWM output control.
In conclusion, the invention converts the analog quantity of the sound signal into the digital quantity, controls the brightness and the color of the bicolor LED through the PWM signal after being processed by the singlechip, has high signal acquisition precision, strong stability and accurate brightness and color display control, improves the frequency detection range of the sound signal, and has the highest frequency of 15 KHz. The acousto-optic conversion array has the advantages of small quantity of electronic elements and small size (the chip size is 3mm multiplied by 3mm, and the microphone diameter is 4mm), can further improve the density of acquisition channels under the condition of the same circuit size, and can realize one channel per 0.5 CM.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An acousto-optic conversion array for a sound control luminous standing wave experimental instrument is characterized in that: the acousto-optic conversion array is formed by connecting a plurality of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel, wherein each acousto-optic conversion unit mainly comprises an acoustic signal pickup module (100), a signal amplification module (200), a signal acquisition processing module (300) and an acoustic intensity and phase display module (400);
the acoustic signal pickup module (100) is used for converting an acoustic signal into an electric signal;
the signal amplification module (200) is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the acoustic signal pickup module (100) and outputting the electric signal to the signal acquisition processing module (300);
the signal acquisition processing module (300) is used for converting the electric signal output by the signal amplification module (200) into digital quantity, and outputting a PWM signal after processing to control the sound intensity and phase display module (400);
and the sound intensity and phase display module (400) is used for reflecting the intensity and phase of the sound signal by controlling the luminous brightness and color of the bicolor LED according to the PWM signal output by the signal acquisition and processing module (300).
2. The acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
the acoustic signal pickup module (100) comprises four independent conversion channels (101; 102; 103; 104), wherein the conversion channels (101; 102; 103; 104) comprise microphone (MIC 1; MIC 2; MIC 3; MIC4), pull-up resistor (R11; R21; R31; R41) and signal output coupling capacitor (C11; C21; C31; C41);
the signal amplification module (200) comprises a four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) with four inverting input ends, four non-inverting input ends and four output ends, a four-channel independent input resistor (R12; R22; R32; R42), a four-channel independent feedback resistor (R13; R23; R33; R43) and a first power supply filter capacitor (C2);
the signal acquisition processing module (300) comprises a single chip microcomputer (301), a first parallel connection port (J1), a second parallel connection port (J2), a second power supply filter capacitor (C3) and a reset interface (RST);
the sound intensity and phase display module (400) comprises four bicolor LEDs (Le 1; Le 2; Le 3; Le4) and four current limiting resistors (R16; R26; R36; R46);
one end of the microphone (MIC 1; MIC 2; MIC 3; MIC4) is Grounded (GND), the other end of the microphone is connected to a first power supply voltage (V2.0) through the pull-up resistor (R11; R21; R31; R41) and is connected with one end of the input resistor (R12; R22; R32; R42) through the signal output coupling capacitor (C11; C21; C31; C41), and the other end of the input resistor (R12; R22; R32; R42) is connected with four inverting input ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
one end of the feedback resistor (R13; R23; R33; R43) is connected between the input resistor (R12; R22; R32; R42) and the inverting input end of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201), and the other end of the feedback resistor is correspondingly connected with four output ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) one by one; one end of the first power supply filter capacitor (C2) is connected to a first power supply voltage (V2.0), and the other end of the first power supply filter capacitor is Grounded (GND); four non-inverting inputs of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) are connected between the first power supply filter capacitor (C2) and a first power supply voltage (V2.0);
the single chip microcomputer (301) is provided with five analog signal input ends, wherein four analog signal input ends are respectively connected with four output ends of the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the remaining one analog signal input end is connected between the first power supply filter capacitor (C2) and a first power supply voltage (V2.0);
the single chip microcomputer (301) is provided with eight PWM signal output ends which are respectively connected with the cathodes of the two-color LEDs (Le 1; Le 2; Le 3; Le4) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the anodes of the two-color LEDs (Le 1; Le 2; Le 3; Le4) are connected to a second power voltage (V5) through current-limiting resistors (R16; R26; R36; R46);
the first parallel connection port (J1) and the second parallel connection port (J2) are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer (301) and used for connecting any number of acousto-optic conversion units in parallel to form a required acousto-optic conversion array so as to realize multi-machine communication among the arrays; two ends of the second power supply filter capacitor (C3) are respectively connected to a second power supply voltage (V5) and Ground (GND); the reset interface (RST) is connected with a reset end of the single chip microcomputer (301);
the single chip microcomputer (301) is used for carrying out ADC conversion on the received five analog signals, the five analog signals respectively represent a reference potential and four sound channel potentials after conversion, the four sound channels respectively correspond to four double-color LEDs (Le 1; Le 2; Le 3; Le4) in a one-to-one mode, PWM signals of corresponding colors of the double-color LEDs are enabled according to the digital quantity of each sound channel potential and the reference potential, and the pulse width of the PWM signals is controlled according to the absolute value of the difference value of the digital quantity of each sound channel potential and the reference potential.
3. The acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the ADC conversion is triggered and controlled by the interruption of an external signal through a first parallel connection port (J1) and a second parallel connection port (J2), and five analog signals are sequentially subjected to polling conversion.
4. The acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the four-channel integrated operational amplifier (201) selects an LM324QFN16 chip.
5. The acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the single chip microcomputer (301) selects an N76E003AQ20 chip.
6. The acousto-optic conversion array for an acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the first parallel connection port (J1) and the second parallel connection port (J2) adopt INT6-1 interfaces.
7. The acousto-optic conversion array for the acoustic control luminescence standing wave experimental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bicolor LED is selected from the LED 1206.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113299311B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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