CN113299171A - Torsion scale model and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Torsion scale model and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113299171A CN113299171A CN202110399935.1A CN202110399935A CN113299171A CN 113299171 A CN113299171 A CN 113299171A CN 202110399935 A CN202110399935 A CN 202110399935A CN 113299171 A CN113299171 A CN 113299171A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a torsion scale model, which comprises a detection mass tungsten piece, a compensation mass tungsten piece, a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a cross bar, a clamp and a torsion wire, wherein the sizes of the detection mass tungsten piece, the compensation mass tungsten piece, the first glass substrate, the second glass substrate and the cross bar are respectively 14.63 multiplied by 0.141 multiplied by 17mm3、14.63×0.204×17mm3、14.63×0.345×17mm3、14.63×14.63×36.647mm3、46.109×8×16mm3The two groups of second glass substrates are pasted and arranged at two ends of the cross rod, the clamp is pasted and arranged on the top surface of the cross rod, one end of the twisted wire is connected with the clamp, the two groups of first glass substrates are respectively pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates, the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality inspection are respectively pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates, and the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality compensation are respectively pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates. According to the invention, by redesigning the torsion balance model and the sizes of all parts thereof, the effect of weakening the air damping effect borne by the torsion balance can be achieved to a small extent, and the inspection precision of the torsion balance is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of weak force measuring tools, in particular to a torsion scale model and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Many theoretical models require more accurate testing of newton's inverse square law in the sub-millimeter range. The basic principle of checking newton's inverse square law is to detect the attractive interaction between two objects, the proof mass and the attractive mass, to determine whether it satisfies newton's inverse square law. Since the attractive forces are very weak on a laboratory scale, the sensitivity requirements of the instrument are high and all other interactions and interferences have to be sufficiently eliminated. A torsion balance is an excellent weak force measuring tool in the sub-millimeter vicinity or sub-millimeter range, because of its high sensitivity advantage. More accurate testing requires higher precision torsion balance testing to verify it.
The air damping effect is one of the noise sources which limit the improvement of the experimental inspection precision of the torsion balance at present. The air damping that the torsion balance receives in the experiment can be divided into two parts, and the torsion balance under the isolated space receives the gas molecule damping that gas molecule brownian motion arouses, and the squeeze film damping under the little space when the surface exists around the torsion balance on the second hand. Squeeze film damping increases significantly as the distance between the two surfaces decreases. Therefore, much research and discussion has been devoted to this. The gas molecules under isolated spaces are less damped and tend to be neglected. However, with the gradual improvement of the experimental checking precision of the torsion balance, the damping effect can be taken into consideration in the future work.
Based on the method, aiming at the influence of the air damping effect on the torsion balance, the gas molecular damping in an isolated space is independently selected for research. The collision types of gas molecules and the surface of the torsion balance under an isolated space are mainly divided into two types: the first is specular reflection, i.e. fully elastic collision; the second type is diffuse reflection, i.e. total inelastic collision. To get closer to a real collision, we integrate the two types, introducing a conditioning coefficient σ, meaning that the σ part of the gas molecules is diffusely reflected and the 1- σ part is specularly reflected when the gas molecules collide with the torsion balance surface.
Factors that affect the damping of gas molecules include: the adjusting coefficient sigma, the pressure of the environment, the temperature difference between the environment and the surface of the torsion balance, the size ratio of the components, and the like. The size of sigma is determined by the surface of the torsion balance material, the pressure is controllable as the smooth and flat surface sigma is smaller, the influence of temperature difference on air damping is small, and the important point is to design the size ratio of the components. Therefore, redesign of the existing model and its component dimensions is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a torsion balance model and a manufacturing method thereof aiming at the prior technical situation, and the torsion balance model and the manufacturing method thereof can achieve the effect of slightly weakening the air damping effect of the torsion balance by redesigning the torsion balance model and the sizes of all parts thereof, thereby further improving the inspection precision of the torsion balance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a torsion balance model comprises two groups of tungsten plates for testing mass, two groups of tungsten plates for compensating mass, two groups of first glass substrates, two groups of second glass substrates, a cross bar, a clamp and a torsion wire, wherein the tungsten plates for testing mass have a size of 14.63 × 0.141 × 17mm3The size of the compensating mass tungsten plate is 14.63 multiplied by 0.204 multiplied by 17mm3The first glass substrate has dimensions of 14.63X 0.345X 17mm3And the size of the second glass substrate is 14.63X 36.647mm3The cross bar has the size of 46.109 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 16mm3The two groups of second glass substrates are pasted and arranged at two ends of the cross rod, a symmetrical structure is formed, the clamp is pasted and arranged on the top surface of the cross rod, one end of a twisted wire is connected with the clamp, the two groups of first glass substrates are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates respectively, the upper side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the first glass substrates and the second glass substrates are aligned respectively, the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality inspection are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates respectively, the upper side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the tungsten sheets for quality inspection are aligned respectively with the first glass substrates, the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality compensation are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates respectively, and the tungsten sheets for quality compensation are aligned with the lower side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the second glass substrates.
A method for manufacturing a torsion scale model comprises the following steps: s1, respectively pasting the two groups of tungsten pieces for quality inspection to the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates, and aligning the tungsten pieces for quality inspection with the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrates; s2, adhering the two groups of integrally adhered tungsten plates for quality inspection and the first glass substrate to the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates to enable the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrates to be aligned; s3, respectively pasting the two groups of compensation mass tungsten plates to the front side surfaces of the two second glass substrates, so that the compensation mass tungsten plates are aligned with the lower side edges and the left and right side edges of the second glass substrates; s4, pasting two groups of integrally pasted tungsten plates for detecting mass, a first glass substrate, tungsten plates for compensating mass and a second glass substrate to two ends of a cross rod, wherein the second glass substrate is connected with the cross rod; and S5, measuring and calculating the mass center position of the torsion balance, adhering the clamp to the cross bar, enabling the adhering position to correspond to the mass center position of the torsion balance, and connecting the torsion wire with the clamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by redesigning the torsion balance model and the sizes of all parts thereof, the effect of weakening the air damping effect borne by the torsion balance can be achieved to a small extent, and the inspection precision of the torsion balance is further improved. Based on the model, the damping effect is weakened by nearly 27% through formula derivation and curve simulation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsion balance model of the present invention.
Description of the labeling: 1. the device comprises a detection mass tungsten sheet 2, a compensation mass tungsten sheet 3, a first glass substrate 4, a second glass substrate 5, a cross rod 6, a clamp 7 and a twisted wire.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a torsion balance model includes two groups of tungsten plates 1 for proof mass, two groups of tungsten plates 2 for compensation mass, two groups of first glass substrates 3, two groups of second glass substrates 4, cross bars 5, clamps 6 and torsion wires 7, wherein the tungsten plates 1 for proof mass have a size of 14.63 × 0.141 × 17mm3The size of the compensating mass tungsten plate 2 is 14.63 multiplied by 0.204 multiplied by 17mm3The first glass substrate 3 has dimensions of 14.63X 0.345X 17mm3And the size of the second glass substrate 4 is 14.63X 36.647mm3The cross bar 5 has the size of 46.109 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 16mm3。
Wherein, the size of the clamp 6 is 10 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 10mm3The twisted wire 7 had a length of 70cm and a diameter of 25 μm.
Two sets of second glass basement 4 paste the setting at horizontal pole 5 both ends, form symmetrical structure, anchor clamps 6 paste the setting on horizontal pole 5 top surface, it is connected with anchor clamps 6 to turn round 7 one end of silk, two sets of first glass basement 3 paste the setting respectively on the leading flank of two sets of second glass basement 4, the upside border and the left and right sides border of first glass basement 3 and second glass basement 4 are all alignd, two sets of proof mass tungsten piece 1 paste the setting respectively on the leading flank of two sets of first glass basement 3, proof mass tungsten piece 1 aligns with the upside border and the left and right sides border of first glass basement 3, two sets of proof mass tungsten piece 2 are pasted the setting respectively on the leading flank of two second glass basement 4, proof mass tungsten piece 2 aligns with second glass basement 4 downside border and the left and right sides border.
Specifically, the manufacturing method of the torsion balance model comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively pasting the two groups of tungsten pieces for proof mass 1 to the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates 3, so that the tungsten pieces for proof mass 1 are aligned with the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrates 3;
s2, adhering the two groups of integrally adhered tungsten plates 1 and the first glass substrate 3 to the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates 4 to enable the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrate 3 and the second glass substrates 4 to be aligned;
s3, respectively sticking the two groups of compensation mass tungsten plates 2 to the front side surfaces of the two second glass substrates 4, so that the compensation mass tungsten plates 2 are aligned with the lower side edges and the left and right side edges of the second glass substrates 4;
s4, pasting two groups of integrally pasted tungsten plates 1 for detecting mass, a first glass substrate 3, tungsten plates 2 for compensating mass and a second glass substrate 4 to two ends of a cross rod 5, wherein the second glass substrate 4 is connected with the cross rod 5;
and S5, measuring and calculating the mass center position of the torsion balance, adhering the clamp 6 to the cross bar 5 to enable the adhering position to correspond to the mass center position of the torsion balance, and connecting the torsion wire 7 with the clamp 6.
In the pasting process, the positions of all the parts are controlled through the auxiliary positioning blocks, the positions are monitored by the imager, after pasting in each step is completed, the relative position, the posture, the glue thickness, the glue quality and the like between the two parts are measured firstly, the glue is solidified after the requirements are met, and then the next step of operation is carried out. When the adhesive is used for bonding and assembling, the glue is generally ultraviolet glue.
The model of the torsion balance is simplified into a rotating hexahedron, and when the torsion balance rotates, air is filled in the hexahedronThe body molecules continuously impact the surface, causing a gas molecule damping effect. The dimensions of the hexahedron are a × b × c, where a ═ k0l，b＝k1l，c＝k2l. The magnitude of the damping action is represented by the damping coefficient beta. Through strict theoretical derivation:
wherein
Is the most probable rate of the molecule, kBIs the Boltzmann constant, T is the ambient temperature, m is the mass of a single gas molecule, P0Is the pressure of the environment in which the torsion balance is located.
And has the following components:
Twthe surface temperature of the torsion balance is shown, and sigma is an adjusting coefficient.
According to the invention, by redesigning the torsion balance model and the sizes of all parts thereof, the effect of weakening the air damping effect borne by the torsion balance can be achieved to a small extent, and the inspection precision of the torsion balance experiment is further improved. Based on the model, the damping effect is weakened by nearly 27% through formula derivation and curve simulation.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent changes in the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A torsion balance model is characterized in that: comprises two groups of tungsten plates for detecting mass, two groups of tungsten plates for compensating mass, two groups of first glass substrates, two groups of second glass substrates, a cross bar, a clamp and a torsion wire, wherein the tungsten plates for detecting mass have the size of 14.63 multiplied by 0.141 multiplied by 17mm3The size of the compensating mass tungsten plate is 14.63 multiplied by 0.204 multiplied by 17mm3The first glass substrate has dimensions of 14.63X 0.345X 17mm3And the size of the second glass substrate is 14.63X 36.647mm3The cross bar has the size of 46.109 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 16mm3The two groups of second glass substrates are pasted and arranged at two ends of the cross rod, a symmetrical structure is formed, the clamp is pasted and arranged on the top surface of the cross rod, one end of a twisted wire is connected with the clamp, the two groups of first glass substrates are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates respectively, the upper side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the first glass substrates and the second glass substrates are aligned respectively, the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality inspection are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates respectively, the upper side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the tungsten sheets for quality inspection are aligned respectively with the first glass substrates, the two groups of tungsten sheets for quality compensation are pasted and arranged on the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates respectively, and the tungsten sheets for quality compensation are aligned with the lower side edges and the left side edges and the right side edges of the second glass substrates.
2. A method of making the torsion scale model of claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: s1, respectively pasting the two groups of tungsten pieces for quality inspection to the front side surfaces of the two groups of first glass substrates, and aligning the tungsten pieces for quality inspection with the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrates; s2, adhering the two groups of integrally adhered tungsten plates for quality inspection and the first glass substrate to the front side surfaces of the two groups of second glass substrates to enable the upper side edges and the left and right side edges of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrates to be aligned; s3, respectively pasting the two groups of compensation mass tungsten plates to the front side surfaces of the two second glass substrates, so that the compensation mass tungsten plates are aligned with the lower side edges and the left and right side edges of the second glass substrates; s4, pasting two groups of integrally pasted tungsten plates for detecting mass, a first glass substrate, tungsten plates for compensating mass and a second glass substrate to two ends of a cross rod, wherein the second glass substrate is connected with the cross rod; and S5, measuring and calculating the mass center position of the torsion balance, adhering the clamp to the cross bar, enabling the adhering position to correspond to the mass center position of the torsion balance, and connecting the torsion wire with the clamp.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110399935.1A CN113299171A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Torsion scale model and manufacturing method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102723999A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-10 | 上海师范大学 | Gravitation communication device and method based on Cabendish torsion balance |
| CN103076509A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Micro-power measuring device and method based on precise torsion balance cycle method |
| CN108414127A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Compensation Micromass cell culture torsion balance |
-
2021
- 2021-04-14 CN CN202110399935.1A patent/CN113299171A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102723999A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-10 | 上海师范大学 | Gravitation communication device and method based on Cabendish torsion balance |
| CN103076509A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Micro-power measuring device and method based on precise torsion balance cycle method |
| CN108414127A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Compensation Micromass cell culture torsion balance |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
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| A.CAVALLERI: "Gas damping force noise on a macroscopic test body in an infinite gas reservoir", 《物理快报A》 * |
| 余烨等: "一种用于测量重力梯度的扭秤装置", 《计量学报》 * |
| 周泽兵等: "陀螺内部摩擦对旋转物体等效原理检验的影响", 《华中科技大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
| 李葭: "扭秤检验近距离牛顿反平方定律实验中的压膜阻尼影响研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士）》 * |
| 杨诗翔: "精密扭秤实验中纳弧度分辨率光电自准直仪研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
| 王晴岚: "亚毫米范围扭秤检验牛顿反平方定律改进实验", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210824 |