CN113299140B - Colliery roof accident analogue means that sinks - Google Patents
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- CN113299140B CN113299140B CN202110588961.9A CN202110588961A CN113299140B CN 113299140 B CN113299140 B CN 113299140B CN 202110588961 A CN202110588961 A CN 202110588961A CN 113299140 B CN113299140 B CN 113299140B
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract
The invention provides a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device, and relates to the technical field of coal mine engineering; it includes box and a plurality of analog unit, and the analog unit includes: the door lock comprises a first opening arranged at the bottom of the box body, a first door body hinged to the bottom wall of the box body and locked on the box body through a locking mechanism, and a linear driving mechanism hinged to the box body and connected with the first door body through a transmission mechanism; under the closed state of the first door body, the linear driving mechanism can sequentially move a first stroke and a second stroke, the first stroke drives the transmission mechanism to move so as to remove the locking of the first door body, and the second stroke drives the first door body to rotate to open the first opening. According to the invention, the linear driving mechanism is firstly utilized to release the locking of the first door body, and then the first door body is opened, so that the simulated stone/coal block in the box body falls down, the whole process accords with the actual process of top plate collapse, the simulation efficiency and effect are improved, a good exercise effect is played for the training of rescue personnel, and the future rescue efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine engineering, in particular to a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device.
Background
In the coal mining process, along with continuous extraction of raw coal, a rock stratum above the coal is suspended to form a suspended top plate. Because the roof supports the overburden, the roof width increases as the face advances, thereby changing the roof bearing capacity. If the load on the roof exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity of the roof, serious roof accidents such as roof fracture and caving of the stope roadway may occur.
In order to train disaster adaptive capacity and rescue capacity of rescue team members in roof accidents, a simulation device is used for carrying out roof accident simulation experiments on roof accidents in the prior art, but the simulation effect is poor, and the real phenomenon of roof collapse cannot be accurately simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device, which aims to solve the problem that the simulation effect of the existing simulation device is poor.
In order to solve the problems, the invention firstly provides a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is provided with a plurality of simulation units, and the simulation units comprise: the first opening is formed at the bottom of the box body; one end of the first door body is hinged to the bottom of the box body, and the other end of the first door body is locked on the box body through a locking mechanism and used for opening and closing the first opening; one end of the linear driving mechanism is hinged to the box body, the other end of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the first door body through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is connected with the locking mechanism; under the first door body closed state, linear driving mechanism can move first stroke and second stroke in proper order, linear driving mechanism's first stroke drives drive mechanism moves, in order to relieve locking mechanism is right the locking of the first door body, linear driving mechanism's the second stroke drives the first door body rotates, in order to open first opening.
Further, the transmission mechanism comprises a sliding seat, a sliding rail, a transmission assembly and a connecting rod assembly; the linear output end of the linear driving mechanism is installed on the sliding seat, the sliding seat is installed on the sliding rail in a sliding mode, and in the first stroke process, the sliding seat slides on the sliding rail from a first position to a second position limited by the sliding rail; the transmission assembly is connected with the sliding seat and converts the linear motion of the sliding seat into rotary motion; the connecting rod assembly is respectively connected with the transmission assembly and the locking mechanism, and the connecting rod assembly drives the locking mechanism to unlock the first door body under the rotary motion of the transmission assembly.
Furthermore, the linear output end of the linear driving mechanism is hinged on the sliding seat.
Further, the transmission assembly comprises a rack and a gear which are meshed with each other; the rack is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, and when the sliding seat slides to a second position, the rack and the gear are disengaged; the gear is fixedly arranged on the first door body and is in transmission connection with the connecting rod assembly.
Further, the connecting rod assembly comprises a first rotating rod, a transmission rod and a second rotating rod; the first rotating rod is connected with the transmission assembly and driven by the transmission assembly to rotate; one end of the transmission rod is hinged with one end of the first rotating rod, and the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with one end of the second rotating rod; the other end of the second rotating rod is connected with the locking mechanism and used for driving the locking mechanism to lock or unlock the first door body.
Furthermore, the number of the locking mechanisms, the number of the transmission rods and the number of the second rotating rods are two; the two locking mechanisms are respectively positioned on two sides of the door body; one end of each transmission rod is connected with the two opposite ends of the corresponding first rotating rod in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the other end of each transmission rod is connected with the corresponding second rotating rod in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the corresponding second rotating rods are connected with the corresponding locking mechanisms in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a locking port and a locking tongue which are matched with each other; the locking notch is arranged on the first door body; the lock tongue is hinged with the second rotating rod and can be inserted into or separated from the lock opening under the rotation of the second rotating rod.
Further, a second opening is formed in the side portion of the box body, and a second door body for opening and closing the second opening is mounted on the box body.
Furthermore, the box body is divided into a plurality of cavities through partition plates, and the plurality of cavities are provided with a plurality of simulation units in one-to-one correspondence.
Furthermore, the opening and closing directions of the two adjacent first door bodies are opposite.
According to the coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device provided by the invention, the simulated stone/coal block is filled in the box body, the linear driving mechanism is firstly utilized to release the locking of the first door body, and then the first door body is opened through the linear driving mechanism again, so that the simulated stone/coal block in the box body falls down, the structure is ingenious, the simulation efficiency and effect are improved, the actual process of roof collapse is met in the whole process, a good exercise effect is achieved for the training of rescue personnel, and the future rescue efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion b of fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
100-a box body; 200-an analog unit; 300-a first opening; 400-a first door body; 500-linear drive mechanism; 600-a transmission mechanism; 610-a slide mount; 620-sliding rail; 630-a transmission assembly; 631-a rack; 632-gear; 640-a linkage assembly; 641-a first lever; 642-a drive link; 643-a second lever; 700-a locking mechanism; 710-a locking notch; 720-bolt; 800-a second opening; 900-second door body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Most of the existing simulation devices mainly perform stress analysis on coal mine collapse accidents, and cannot truly reproduce the collapse process of a roadway roof, so that the reference of rescue simulation is not large, the simulation efficiency and effect are not high, and the rescue ability of rescue workers and the future rescue efficiency cannot be improved.
In view of this, the embodiment provides a coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device, which simulates an actual collapse process of a coal mine roadway roof to solve the technical problem.
Referring to fig. 1, the box 100 of the present embodiment includes, it should be noted that only a frame structure of the box 100 is shown in the drawings of the present embodiment, a side wall structure diagram of the box 100 is not shown, the whole box 100 of the present embodiment may be formed by welding steel pipes or steel frames, a bottom of the box 100 is an open structure, and the box 100 may be driven by a lifting mechanism (not shown in the figure) to lift, so that the box 100 is at a simulated height, and the simulated stone/coal block is convenient to fill.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, a plurality of simulation units 200 are disposed on the box 100, specifically, the box 100 may be partitioned into a plurality of cavities by partition plates, and the plurality of cavities are provided with a plurality of simulation units 200 in one-to-one correspondence. The simulation unit 200 of the present embodiment includes a first opening 300, a first door body 400, a linear driving mechanism 500, a transmission mechanism 600, and a locking mechanism 700, wherein the first opening 300 of the present embodiment is formed at a bottom opening of the cabinet 100, and a plurality of first openings 300 having a small interval are formed.
One end or one side of the first door 400 of this embodiment is hinged to the bottom of the cabinet 100 by a hinge, and the other end or the other side of the first door 400 is locked to the cabinet 100 by the locking mechanism 700 of this embodiment, and the first door 400 of this embodiment is used to open and close the first opening 300.
One end of the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment is hinged to the box 100, and the other end is connected to the first door 400 through the transmission mechanism 600 of the present embodiment, and the transmission mechanism 600 of the present embodiment is connected to the locking mechanism 700, when the first door 400 of the present embodiment is in the closed state, the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment can sequentially move the first stroke and the second stroke from the initial state, wherein when the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment moves from the initial state to the first stroke, the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment drives the transmission mechanism 600 to move so as to release the locking of the locking mechanism 700 on the first door 400, and after the locking of the first door 400 is released, the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment continues to move the second stroke, thereby driving the first door 400 of the present embodiment to rotate so as to open the first opening 300, so that the simulated stone/coal in the box 100 collapses, and the collapse process is similar to the real collapse process when the roof of the roadway collapses.
Similarly, the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment moves in the direction opposite to the first stroke and the second stroke to close the first door 400, and lock the first door 400, that is, the linear driving mechanism 500 of the present embodiment can release the locking or lock the first door 400 of the present embodiment, and can drive the doors to rotate to open and close, which is multifunctional, and the locking mechanism 700 of the present embodiment is indispensable because it is necessary to use the locking mechanism 700 to maintain the closed state of the first door 400, so as to prevent the first door 400 and the linear driving mechanism 500 from rotating to a certain extent, and prevent the simulated stone/coal blocks in the box 100 from leaking, and the locking of the first door 400 is also similar to the initial state of the top plate collapse, that is, the simulated stone/coal blocks partially fall down in this state, and then the simulated stone/coal blocks collapse in a large area.
The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device of the embodiment is particularly applied, simulation stone/coal blocks need to be filled in the box body 100 in advance, the box body 100 is lifted to the preset position by the aid of the lifting mechanism, locking of the first door body 400 is relieved by the aid of the linear driving mechanism 500, the first door body 400 is opened by the aid of gravity of the linear driving mechanism 500 and the door body, the simulation stone/coal blocks in the box body 100 fall down, the structure is ingenious, the linear driving mechanism 500 is integrated and multipurpose, the roof collapse actual process is met in the whole process, simulation efficiency and simulation effect are improved, good exercise effect is achieved for training rescue workers, and future rescue efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the transmission mechanism 600 of the present embodiment includes a sliding seat 610, a sliding rail 620, a transmission assembly 630 and a connecting rod assembly 640; when the linear driving mechanism 500 of this embodiment is an oil cylinder or an air cylinder, the linear output end of the oil cylinder or the air cylinder is the piston rod of the oil cylinder or the air cylinder, and the free end of the piston rod is connected to the sliding seat 610 of this embodiment.
The sliding seat 610 of this embodiment is slidably mounted on the sliding rail 620, and in a process that the linear driving mechanism 500 moves from an initial state to a first stroke, the sliding seat 610 of this embodiment slides from a first position to a second position limited by the sliding rail 620 on the sliding rail 620, and when the sliding seat 610 moves to the second position, the linear driving mechanism 500 of this embodiment can drive the first door body 400 of this embodiment to rotate, a rotation track of the first door body 400 is shown as an arc with an arrow mark in fig. 2, and opening and closing directions of two adjacent first door bodies 400 of this embodiment are opposite, so that two adjacent first door bodies 400 form a flared opening with an instantaneously increased size in a rapid unfolding process for falling of a simulated stone/coal briquette, which is closer to a real tunnel roof caving process.
The driving assembly 630 of the present embodiment is connected to the sliding seat 610, and converts the linear motion of the sliding seat 610 into a rotational motion; the connecting rod assembly 640 of the present embodiment is respectively connected to the transmission assembly 630 and the locking mechanism 700, and the connecting rod assembly 640 drives the locking mechanism 700 to unlock the first door 400 under the rotation of the transmission assembly 630.
In order to facilitate the linear driving mechanism 500 to drive the first door 400 of this embodiment to rotate, the linear output end of the linear driving mechanism 500 is hinged to the sliding seat 610 in this embodiment, so that one end of the linear driving mechanism 500 can rotate relative to the box 100, and the other end of the linear driving mechanism 500 can rotate relative to the sliding seat 610 or the first door 400, thereby avoiding the influence on the rotation of the first door 400.
The structure of the transmission assembly 630 of this embodiment is various, for example, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the transmission assembly 630 of this embodiment includes a rack 631 and a gear 632 that are engaged with each other; the rack 631 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 610, and when the sliding seat 610 slides to the second position, the rack 631 is disengaged from the gear 632; the gear 632 of this embodiment is fixed on the first door 400 and is in transmission connection with the link assembly 640. Of course, the transmission assembly 630 of the present embodiment may also be other structures capable of converting a linear motion into a rotational motion, such as a crank connecting rod, a crank slider, and the like.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the linkage assembly 640 of the present embodiment includes a first lever 641, a transmission lever 642, and a second lever 643; the first rotating rod 641 of the present embodiment is connected to the transmission assembly 630 and is driven by the transmission assembly 630 to rotate; one end of the transmission rod 642 of this embodiment is hinged to one end of the first rotating rod 641, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second rotating rod 643; the other end of the second rotating rod 643 is connected to the locking mechanism 700, and is used for driving the locking mechanism 700 to lock or unlock the first door 400.
In a specific operation, the first rotating rod 641 and the gear 632 rotate synchronously, so as to drive the transmission rod 642 to move in the left-right direction in fig. 3, and then drive the second rotating rod 643 of this embodiment to rotate, and the rotation of the second rotating rod 643 drives the locking mechanism 700 of this embodiment to move, so as to lock or unlock the first door 400.
Referring to fig. 5, the locking mechanism 700 of this embodiment includes a locking notch 710 and a locking tongue 720, the locking notch 710 of this embodiment is mounted on the first door body 400, and the locking tongue 720 of this embodiment is hinged to the second rotating rod 643 and can be inserted into or detached from the locking notch 710 by the rotation of the second rotating rod 643.
Since the artificial stone/coal block in the box 100 has a heavy weight, in order to ensure the locking state of the first door body 400, the number of the locking mechanism 700, the number of the transmission rod 642 and the number of the second rotating rod 643 are two in the embodiment; the two locking mechanisms 700 are respectively located at two sides of the door body, one end of each of the two transmission rods 642 is connected to the two opposite ends of the first rotating rod 641 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the other end of each of the two transmission rods 642 is connected to the two second rotating rods 643 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two second rotating rods 643 are connected to the two locking mechanisms 700 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The structure design enables one first rotating rod 641 to drive two driving rods 642 to move in the rotating process, and further drives two second rotating rods 643 to rotate, so as to finally realize the matching between the two lock tongues 720 and the locking notch 710.
Referring to fig. 3, in order to facilitate filling of the artificial stone/coal, a second opening 800 is formed in the side of the box 100 of the embodiment, a second door 900 for opening and closing the second opening 800 is installed on the box 100, and the second door 900 can be opened and closed manually or by using a driving structure such as a motor; in addition, the box body 100 of the present embodiment can be designed to have an open structure at the upper end, so as to further facilitate filling of the artificial stone/coal.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device is characterized by comprising a box body (100), wherein the box body (100) is provided with a plurality of simulation units (200), and the simulation units (200) comprise:
a first opening (300) arranged at the bottom of the box body (100);
one end of the first door body (400) is hinged to the bottom of the box body (100), and the other end of the first door body is locked on the box body (100) through a locking mechanism (700) and used for opening and closing the first opening (300);
the linear driving mechanism (500) is hinged to the box body (100) at one end, the other end of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the first door body (400) through a transmission mechanism (600), and the transmission mechanism (600) is connected with the locking mechanism (700);
when the first door body (400) is in a closed state, the linear driving mechanism (500) can sequentially move a first stroke and a second stroke, the first stroke of the linear driving mechanism (500) drives the transmission mechanism (600) to move so as to release the locking of the locking mechanism (700) on the first door body (400), and the second stroke of the linear driving mechanism (500) drives the first door body (400) to rotate so as to open the first opening (300);
the transmission mechanism (600) comprises a sliding seat (610), a sliding rail (620), a transmission assembly (630) and a connecting rod assembly (640);
the linear output end of the linear driving mechanism (500) is mounted on the sliding seat (610), the sliding seat (610) is slidably mounted on the sliding rail (620), and in the first stroke process, the sliding seat (610) slides on the sliding rail (620) from a first position to a second position limited by the sliding rail (620);
the transmission assembly (630) is connected with the sliding seat (610) and converts the linear motion of the sliding seat (610) into rotary motion;
the connecting rod assembly (640) is respectively connected with the transmission assembly (630) and the locking mechanism (700), and the connecting rod assembly (640) drives the locking mechanism (700) to unlock the first door body (400) under the rotation motion of the transmission assembly (630);
the transmission assembly (630) comprises a rack (631) and a gear (632) which are meshed with each other;
the rack (631) is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (610), and when the sliding seat (610) slides to a second position, the rack (631) and the gear (632) are disengaged;
the gear (632) is fixedly arranged on the first door body (400) and is in transmission connection with the connecting rod assembly (640);
the linkage assembly (640) includes a first swing lever (641), a drive link (642), and a second swing lever (643);
the first rotating rod (641) is connected with the transmission assembly (630) and driven by the transmission assembly (630) to rotate;
one end of the transmission rod (642) is hinged with one end of the first rotating rod (641), and the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with one end of the second rotating rod (643);
the other end of the second rotating rod (643) is connected with the locking mechanism (700) and is used for driving the locking mechanism (700) to lock or unlock the first door body (400).
2. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the linear output end of the linear driving mechanism (500) is hinged on the sliding seat (610).
3. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device of claim 1, wherein the number of the locking mechanism (700), the transmission rod (642) and the second rotating rod (643) is two;
the two locking mechanisms (700) are respectively positioned on two sides of the door body;
one end of each of the two driving rods (642) is connected with the two opposite ends of the first rotating rod (641) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the other end of each of the two driving rods (642) is connected with the two second rotating rods (643) in a one-to-one correspondence manner,
the two second rotating rods (643) are correspondingly connected with the two locking mechanisms (700) one by one.
4. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device of claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism (700) comprises a locking notch (710) and a locking tongue (720) which are matched;
the locking notch (710) is arranged on the first door body (400);
the lock tongue (720) is hinged with the second rotating rod (643) and can be inserted into or separated from the lock notch (710) under the rotation of the second rotating rod (643).
5. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a second opening (800) is formed in the side of the box body (100), and a second door body (900) for opening and closing the second opening (800) is mounted on the box body (100).
6. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the box body (100) is divided into a plurality of cavities by partition plates, and a plurality of simulation units (200) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence in the plurality of cavities.
7. The coal mine roof collapse accident simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening and closing directions of two adjacent first door bodies (400) are opposite.
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| CN202110588961.9A CN113299140B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Colliery roof accident analogue means that sinks |
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| CN202110588961.9A CN113299140B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Colliery roof accident analogue means that sinks |
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| CN114033475A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-11 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Collapse simulation device and method for coal mine rescue training |
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| US7068040B2 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2006-06-27 | Stitt Thomas C | Ground circuit impedance measurement apparatus and method |
| CN201893040U (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-07-06 | 煤炭科学研究总院重庆研究院 | Mine roof disaster analog simulation training and practicing system |
| CN103645297B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-11-11 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | The analogue means of karst collapse |
| CN203673751U (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-06-25 | 西安科技大学 | Longwall mining coal seam roof caving demonstration model |
| CN204965904U (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2016-01-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Roof separation layer under stock anchor rope combined supporting surveys teaching device |
| CN105118365A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽理工大学 | Similar simulation stereo experiment model of coal mining working face |
| CN105403684B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-05-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The multiple dimensioned analog simulation test platform being caving for simulating colliery overlying strata |
| CN106157792B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2022-04-15 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Device and method for simulating spanning of mining rock mass of iron ore open-air transfer well |
| CN108877465B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2023-10-17 | 河南理工大学 | Teaching three-dimensional model for simulating coal mine goaf roof rock stratum movement law |
| CN111596031B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-11-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal seam floor disaster simulation device and method |
| CN112462033B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-09-02 | 华北科技学院 | Analog simulation experiment device for automatic mining of coal mine |
| CN215730303U (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-02-01 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Colliery roof accident analogue means that sinks |
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