CN113297761A - Thermal deformation test compensation method for numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of the machine tool; s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor the data field of the machine tool in real time; s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and establishes a real-time three-dimensional model; s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time amount of thermal deformation; s5, carrying out finite element analysis verification, carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the requirement; and S6, controlling a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool. The technical scheme of the invention can reflect the actual situation of the thermal deformation of the machine tool more truly, reduce the number of monitoring inductors, reduce the cost and improve the compensation precision and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine.
Background
When a large high-precision machine tool arranged in a common workshop is in transition from autumn to winter or from winter to spring, the large high-precision machine tool is greatly influenced by the heat of the ambient temperature, so that the precision of a guide rail of the machine tool body is greatly changed, and the precision is difficult to maintain. In general, the sizing block and the bed on the basis of the machine tool are periodically readjusted to restore the precision of the guide rail.
But the technical difficulty of readjusting the precision of the guide rail of the lathe bed is high, the workload is large, the downtime is long, the normal development of enterprise production is seriously influenced, and the production efficiency is reduced. Because the product specification is larger, the cost of placing the product in a constant-temperature workshop is higher, the implementation is difficult, and the precision retentivity of the machine tool are greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool, and aims to reduce cost and improve compensation precision and stability.
The above problems to be solved by the present invention are achieved by the following technical solutions:
a thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of the machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor the data field of the machine tool in real time;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and establishes a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time amount of thermal deformation;
s5, carrying out finite element analysis verification, carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the requirement;
and S6, controlling a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
Preferably, in S2, S21, the first sensor group drives the machine tool back and forth from the first sensing area to form a first data field; and the second sensor group drives the machine tool to and fro from the second sensing area to form a second data field.
Preferably, the first sensing region is located above or below or at least partially overlapping the second sensing region.
Preferably, in S2, the first sensor group is close to the machine tool, the first sensor group includes a first infrared scanner and a first moving driving component, the first infrared scanner is used for monitoring the three-dimensional coordinate points of the structure of the machine tool and the temperature field of the structure of the machine tool, and the first moving driving component drives the first infrared scanner to perform reciprocating operation in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner monitors the temperature of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure;
and/or the second inductor group is located above the first inductor group, the second inductor group comprises a second infrared scanner and a second movable driving component, the second infrared scanner is used for monitoring the three-dimensional coordinate points of the structure of the machine tool and the temperature field of the three-dimensional coordinate points, and the second movable driving component is used for driving the second infrared scanner to perform reciprocating operation in a second induction area so that the second infrared scanner monitors the temperature of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure.
Preferably, in S3, the first and second sensor groups monitor the temperature of the front, left, right and rear surfaces of the machine tool in multiple directions and form a temperature field distribution map; the first inductor group and the second inductor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
Preferably, in S4, S41, a compensated three-dimensional model is created from the real-time amount of the determined thermal deformation for the compensation process in S6.
Preferably, in the S5, S51, a finite element model is created; and transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model to finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing a grid, and assigning material attributes to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
Preferably, in S5, the finite element analysis is performed from the perspective of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool according to the principles of thermal symmetry and thermal balance of the structure, and the model is tested in a virtual manner by using multiple methods of local heating and local cooling, so that the temperature field is relatively symmetric as much as possible, and the gradient of temperature change of the machine tool is reduced until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
Preferably, in S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a heating device, and the heating device includes a thermal compensation control board that sends out control signals to control the heating element to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool, and a heating element that is connected to the thermal compensation control board and receives the control signals to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool.
Preferably, in S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a cooling device including a cooling element for cooling the machine tool.
Has the advantages that: according to the technical scheme, the structure and other data of the machine tool are monitored in multiple angles and directions by adopting a first sensor group and a second sensor group, the data are transmitted to a control terminal, the control terminal establishes a real-time three-dimensional model for the collected data, and then the deformation of a machine tool part subjected to thermal deformation is determined by comparing the data difference between the initial three-dimensional model and the real-time three-dimensional model; carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software after finite element analysis verification, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the production and processing requirement range; finally, the control terminal controls the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool; therefore, the actual situation of the thermal deformation of the machine tool can be reflected more truly, the number of monitoring inductors is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the compensation precision and stability are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a compensation method for thermal deformation test of a numerically-controlled machine tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal deformation test of a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1-a guide rail of a machine tool; 2-a first inductor group; 21-a first infrared scanner; 22-a first movement drive member; 3-a second inductor group; 31-a second infrared scanner; 32-second movement drive means.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if the meaning of "and/or" and/or "appears throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," A and/or B "includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme satisfying both schemes A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the compensation method for the thermal deformation test of the numerical control machine; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of the machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group 2 and at least one second sensor group 3 to monitor the data field of the machine tool in real time;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and establishes a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time amount of thermal deformation;
s5, carrying out finite element analysis verification, carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the requirement;
and S6, controlling a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional model is a three-dimensional model of a numerically-controlled machine tool reduced according to a certain proportion, and the three-dimensional model may be a three-dimensional CAD model.
According to the technical scheme, the structure and other data of the machine tool are monitored in multiple angles and directions by adopting a first sensor group and a second sensor group, the data are transmitted to a control terminal, the control terminal establishes a real-time three-dimensional model for the collected data, and then the deformation of a machine tool part subjected to thermal deformation is determined by comparing the data difference between the initial three-dimensional model and the real-time three-dimensional model; carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software after finite element analysis verification, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the production and processing requirement range; finally, the control terminal controls the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool; therefore, the actual situation of the thermal deformation of the machine tool can be reflected more truly, the number of monitoring inductors is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the compensation precision and stability are improved.
The ANSYS software is large-scale general finite element analysis software integrating structure analysis, fluid analysis, electric field analysis, magnetic field analysis and sound field analysis. The computer-aided design system can interface with most CAD software to realize data sharing and exchange, such as Pro/Engineer, NASTRAN, Alogor, I-DEAS, AutoCAD and the like, and is one of advanced CAE tools in modern product design.
Specifically, in S2, S21, the first sensor group 2 drives the machine tool back and forth from the first sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a first data field; the second inductor group 3 drives the machine tool to and fro from a second induction area to monitor the machine tool to form a second data field; in the present embodiment, the first sensing region is located above or below the second sensing region or has a region at least partially overlapping; here, as shown in fig. 2, the first sensing area is located below the second sensing area, and the accuracy of the monitoring data can be improved by performing comprehensive processing on a plurality of data of the monitoring machine tool, so that the compensation accuracy is guaranteed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in S2, two first sensor groups 2 are selected and located at the left and right ends above the guide rail 1 of the machine tool, each first sensor group 2 includes a first infrared scanner 21 and a first moving driving component 22, the first infrared scanner 21 is configured to monitor a three-dimensional coordinate point of the structure of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and a temperature field thereof, and the first moving driving component 22 drives the first infrared scanner 21 to perform reciprocating operation in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner 21 monitors the temperatures of a plurality of position points of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and the coordinate point of the structure;
the two second sensor groups 3 are located at the left end and the right end above the first sensor group 2, each second sensor group 3 comprises a second infrared scanner 31 and a second moving driving component 32, the second infrared scanner 31 is used for monitoring three-dimensional coordinate points of the structure of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and the temperature field of the structure, and the second moving driving component 32 is used for driving the second infrared scanner 31 to run back and forth in a second sensing area so that the second infrared scanner 31 monitors the temperatures of a plurality of position points of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure;
in the present embodiment, the second movement driving member 32 and the first movement driving member 22 are selected from one of a telescopic cylinder, a slide screw, and a driving motor set.
The three-dimensional coordinate data and the temperature data monitored by the first infrared scanner are combined with the three-dimensional coordinate data and the temperature data monitored by the second infrared scanner to comprehensively form more accurate real-time three-dimensional coordinate data and temperature data, and the running accuracy of subsequent comparison procedures and analysis procedures is guaranteed.
The driving of the first and second movable driving parts can collect three-dimensional coordinate data and temperature data of each point of the guide rail of the machine tool by as few as possible infrared scanning, so that the overall cost is reduced, the accuracy of monitoring data is guaranteed, and the working efficiency is improved.
Specifically, in S3, the first and second sensor groups monitor the temperature of the front, left, right, and rear surfaces of the machine tool in multiple directions and form a temperature field profile; the first inductor group and the second inductor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
Specifically, in S4, S41, a compensated three-dimensional model is created from the real-time amount of the determined thermal deformation for the S6 to perform the compensation process.
Specifically, in the S5, S51, a finite element model is created; and transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model to finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing a grid, and assigning material attributes to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
Specifically, in S5, the finite element analysis is performed from the perspective of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool according to the principle of thermal symmetry and thermal balance of the structure, and the model is tested in a virtual manner by using multiple methods of local heating and local cooling, so that the temperature field is relatively symmetric as much as possible, and the temperature variation gradient of the machine tool is reduced until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
Specifically, in S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a heating device, the heating device includes a thermal compensation control board that sends out control signals to control the heating elements to heat the corresponding parts of the machine tool, and a heating element that is connected to the thermal compensation control board and receives the control signals to heat the corresponding parts of the machine tool, such as: an electric heating tube and the like;
the thermal compensation control device comprises a cooling device, wherein the cooling device comprises a cooling element for cooling the machine tool; the cooling elements are a fan, an oil cooling pipe, an automatic temperature control type oil cooler connected with the oil cooling pipe and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of the machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor the data field of the machine tool in real time;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and establishes a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time amount of thermal deformation;
s5, carrying out finite element analysis verification, carrying out simulation analysis by using ANSYS software, and judging whether the deviation of the real-time monitoring data and the prediction data meets the requirement;
and S6, controlling a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
2. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in S2, S21, said first sensor group drives back and forth to monitor the machine tool from the first sensing area to form a first data field; and the second sensor group drives the machine tool to and fro from the second sensing area to form a second data field.
3. A method for compensating thermal deformation test of numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that said first sensing area is located above or below or at least partially overlapped with said second sensing area.
4. A method for compensating thermal deformation of a numerically controlled machine tool according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein in S2, the first sensor group is close to the machine tool, the first sensor group includes a first infrared scanner for monitoring the three-dimensional coordinate points of the structure of the machine tool and the temperature field thereof, and a first moving driving component for driving the first infrared scanner to reciprocate in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner monitors the temperature of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure;
and/or the second inductor group is located above the first inductor group, the second inductor group comprises a second infrared scanner and a second movable driving component, the second infrared scanner is used for monitoring the three-dimensional coordinate points of the structure of the machine tool and the temperature field of the three-dimensional coordinate points, and the second movable driving component is used for driving the second infrared scanner to perform reciprocating operation in a second induction area so that the second infrared scanner monitors the temperature of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure.
5. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the first and second sensor groups monitor the temperature of the front, left, right and rear surfaces of the machine tool in multiple directions and form a temperature field distribution diagram; the first inductor group and the second inductor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
6. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, S41, a real-time amount of the determined thermal deformation is created to form a compensated three-dimensional model for the compensation process in S6.
7. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in said S5, S51, a finite element model is created; and transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model to finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing a grid, and assigning material attributes to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
8. A method for compensating thermal deformation of a cnc machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, the finite element analysis is based on the principle of thermal symmetry and thermal balance of the structure, and is performed from the perspective of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool, and the model is tested by using multiple methods of local heating and local cooling in a virtual manner, so as to make the temperature field thereof relatively symmetric as much as possible, and reduce the gradient of temperature change of the machine tool until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
9. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerically controlled machine tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said S6, said thermal compensation control device comprises a heating device, said heating device comprises a thermal compensation control board for sending control signals to control the heating element to heat the corresponding portion of the machine tool, and a heating element connected to the thermal compensation control board and receiving said control signals to heat the corresponding portion of the machine tool.
10. A thermal deformation test compensation method for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 9, wherein in said S6, said thermal compensation control device comprises a cooling device including a cooling element for cooling the machine tool.
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| CN114986240A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江创世纪机械有限公司 | Compensating device for thermal expansion error of machine tool lead screw |
| CN117057254A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-14 | 中科航迈数控软件(深圳)有限公司 | Object cooling method based on cooperative use of multiple cooling devices and related equipment |
| CN117572823A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Dynamic compensation method and system for thermal expansion of main shaft |
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| CN117572823B (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-03-26 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Dynamic compensation method and system for thermal expansion of main shaft |
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