CN113296347A - Naked eye display device - Google Patents

Naked eye display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113296347A
CN113296347A CN202110390509.1A CN202110390509A CN113296347A CN 113296347 A CN113296347 A CN 113296347A CN 202110390509 A CN202110390509 A CN 202110390509A CN 113296347 A CN113296347 A CN 113296347A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pair
display device
light
naked eye
eye display
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Pending
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CN202110390509.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁阳
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Beijing Computational Science Research Center
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Beijing Computational Science Research Center
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Priority to CN202110390509.1A priority Critical patent/CN113296347A/en
Publication of CN113296347A publication Critical patent/CN113296347A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/20—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using two or more projectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a bore hole display device, includes: at least one pair of photomasks configured to be movable for projecting image light; the optical element is used for emitting the image light of the at least one pair of light machines into human eyes for imaging; the human eye tracking module is used for tracking the positions of the eyes of at least one viewer and controlling the movement of the at least one pair of optical machines. The electric objective table is provided with at least one pair of light machines, and the electric objective table is in electric signal connection with the human eye tracking module and used for adjusting the positions of the projection images of the at least one pair of light machines. The technical scheme of the application solves the technical problems of ultralow power, privacy and image quality of naked eye display equipment and random movement of a viewer.

Description

Naked eye display device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of projection display, in particular to naked eye display equipment.
Background
Current display technologies can be divided into two main categories: flat panel display technology and projection display technology. The flat panel display technology is usually to use each pixel point of the liquid crystal screen to emit light directly, and each pixel point is observed directly by eyes to obtain an image. The projection display technology uses a small high-brightness image, the small high-brightness image is converted into an enlarged real image through a convergent lens, the enlarged real image is projected onto a screen for diffuse reflection, and then the image is observed by human eyes. Since the screen is diffusely reflective, the existing projection display technology is suitable for many people to watch the same content, but a large amount of light is wasted. There are also other Display technologies that project directly to the human eye, such as the retina Scan Display (Retinal Scan Display) technology, but these methods currently require a screen to be placed in close front of each eye.
The 3D display technology is a display technology that can realize real reproduction of a stereoscopic scene, and can provide different parallax images to human eyes, respectively, thereby enabling a person to generate stereoscopic vision. The projection-based multi-view naked eye stereoscopic display is that different pictures are projected in the left eye and the right eye respectively to simulate the depth information of objects in the pictures, and finally the stereoscopic display of scenes is realized. Most of the existing projection type stereoscopic display technologies implement stereoscopic display by matching a projector array with a lens array or a cylindrical lens grating. In each of these methods, a diffuse reflection layer is provided, and the human eye images using diffusely reflected light.
The patent publication No. CN201911152429.1 discloses a direct projection type one-screen multi-eye independent display technology, which uses a lens direct projection technology, and although some problems are solved, the imaging effect is limited by using spherical aberration generated by a transmission convex lens or a fresnel lens and chromatic dispersion. In addition, the fixed view point forces the eyes of the viewer not to move, and the experience is poor.
The statements in this background section merely represent techniques known to the public and are not, of course, representative of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide the naked eye display equipment which has the characteristics of ultra-low power, good privacy, good image quality and free movement of a user.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a naked eye display apparatus including: at least one pair of photomasks configured to be movable for projecting image light; the optical element is used for emitting the image light of the at least one pair of light machines into human eyes for imaging; the human eye tracking module is used for tracking the positions of the eyes of at least one viewer and controlling the movement of the at least one pair of optical machines.
According to some embodiments, a pair of ray machines corresponds to a viewer.
According to some embodiments, the eye tracking module comprises a camera disposed on the optical element and a control unit for controlling the movement of the at least one pair of light engines.
According to some embodiments, the at least one pair of light engines comprises a short focal length projector. The short focal length projector has a trapezoidal correction function.
According to some embodiments, the optical element comprises a converging lens or mirror, the converging lens comprising a convex lens or a fresnel lens.
According to some embodiments, the converging lens has a reflective film.
According to some embodiments, the naked eye display device further comprises: the electric objective table is provided with at least one pair of light machines and is electrically connected with the human eye tracking module and used for adjusting the positions of the projection images of the at least one pair of light machines in the three-dimensional space. The electric object stage comprises a three-dimensional gantry structure.
According to some embodiments, the parameters of the optical element and the at least one pair of opto-mechanical parameters may be adjusted according to different viewing metrics. The viewing index comprises a viewing distance and a viewing angle, the parameters of the optical element comprise a size, a focal length and a position of a main shaft, and the at least one pair of optical machine parameters comprise a position, a focal length and a size of a projected image relative to the optical element.
Based on the naked eye display device, diffuse reflection is not needed, most of light generated by the projector can directly enter eyes, so that the brightness of the projector can be greatly reduced (less than 5 lumens), and the energy consumption is greatly reduced. The privacy of this display technique is good because the viewing range is a cone. The light paths are mutually independent, and the same screen (optical element) can be used by a plurality of people at the same time without interference; because the reflective Fresnel lens is used, the imaging quality loss and the brightness loss caused by transmission such as dispersion and the like do not exist, and the image quality is better. The at least one pair of optical machines adopts a projector with a short focal length and trapezoidal correction, and the projector can be arranged closer to the screen or even in front of the screen based on a Fresnel lens with adjustable parameters and matched with the short focal length projector, so that the arrangement or integration is convenient to be a closed device. And the three-dimensional/two-dimensional switchable playing is realized, and all the ray machines can project the same image.
For a better understanding of the nature and technical content of the present application, reference should be made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, which are provided to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of this disclosure, serve to provide a further understanding of the disclosure. The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and their description are provided to explain the present disclosure and not to limit the present disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 illustrates a structural arrangement and a principle top view of an optical path of a naked eye display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 illustrates a structural arrangement and a light path principle side view of a naked eye display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 illustrates an optical path schematic diagram of an independent viewing characteristic of a naked eye display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts in the drawings, and thus, a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other means, components, materials, devices, or the like. In such cases, well-known structures, methods, devices, implementations, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail.
The flow charts shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all of the contents and operations/steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the actual execution sequence may be changed according to the actual situation.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A naked eye display device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates a structural arrangement and a principle top view of an optical path of a naked eye display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 illustrates a structural arrangement and a light path principle side view of a naked eye display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 illustrates an optical path schematic diagram of an independent viewing characteristic of a naked eye display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1-2, according to an example embodiment of the present application, a naked eye display device includes at least one pair of an optical engine, an optical element, and a human eye tracking module.
At least one pair of photomachines configured to be movable for projecting image light; the optical element emits the image light of at least one pair of light machines into human eyes for imaging; the eye tracking module is used for tracking the positions of the eyes 21 and 22 of at least one viewer and controlling the movement of at least one pair of optical machines.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the ground. The vertical direction is a direction perpendicular to the ground.
The naked eye display device may also be named as a stereoscopic projection display device, and includes a display screen of a reflective fresnel lens composed of a reflective film 110 and a fresnel structure 111, and a projector array. At least one pair of optical engines is a projector array 121,131, and the optical elements are reflective Fresnel lenses.
According to the embodiment of the application, the parameters of the optical element and the parameters of the at least one pair of optical machines can be adjusted according to different viewing indexes. The viewing index comprises a viewing distance and a viewing angle, the parameters of the optical element comprise a size, a focal length and a position of a main shaft, and the at least one pair of optical machine parameters comprise a position, a focal length and a size of a projected image relative to the optical element.
The projector array includes two or more projectors, the projectors include a plurality of projectors placed outside the focal plane of the converging optical element, and the parameters of the reflective fresnel lens and the parameters of the projectors can be adjusted according to different viewing indexes to form an independent viewing area 200 for images projected by each projector in the projector array, as shown in fig. 3. And displaying image contents of different angles of the same scene for the left eye and the right eye, wherein the viewing index comprises a viewing distance and a viewing angle, the parameters of the convergent optical element comprise the size, the focal length and the position of a main shaft, and the parameters of the projector comprise the position and the focal length relative to the Fresnel lens and the size of a projected image.
According to the embodiment of the present application, the projector array in the present embodiment includes two projectors. The reflective film 110 is plated on the fresnel structure 111, and its optical effect is equivalent to a concave mirror, where the focal length f of the mirror is 1.5m and the diameter D is 2 m. The two projectors are placed 0.1f slightly below the principal axis 2f of the fresnel structure 111, at the same horizontal distance as the pupillary distance (6cm) of the viewer. The viewer's eyes 21,22 are spaced from the screen by a distance of 2f, 0.1f above the principal axis of the fresnel structure 111.
The technical principle of the present application differs from that of a microscope in several ways: 1. the eyepiece near the side of the eyes 21,22 is large so that multiple eyes or multiple people can view simultaneously; 2. the design is used for watching three-dimensional images, and the images of two eyes are images of three-dimensional stereo images with different visual angles; 3. the light rays converge through the screen, and the area suitable for viewing is narrow. By utilizing the characteristic that the images seen by each eye can be independently controlled, the images seen by the left eye and the right eye are the same and synchronous, and the common two-dimensional display can be realized.
According to the embodiment of the application, a pair of optical machines corresponds to a viewer.
According to some embodiments, the eye tracking module includes a camera 150 and a control unit, the camera 150 is disposed on the optical element, and the control unit is configured to control the movement of the at least one pair of light engines.
The images of the viewer can be captured by the camera 150 and then the two-dimensional position of the eyes 21,22 of the viewer tracked by the software recognition of the control unit. The distance (depth) information of the viewer's eyes 21,22 can be obtained by the hardware of the control unit and the matched software of the camera 150, such as the infrared structured light projector and receiver, the dual camera 150, etc. According to the position of the eyes 21,22 of the viewer, the position where the eyes 21,22 are imaged through the screen, i.e. where the projector should be, can be calculated by the software of the control unit according to the symmetry of the light path, and then the stage is controlled to move the projector to this position.
According to an embodiment of the application, the at least one pair of light engines comprises a short focal length projector. The short focus projector has a keystone correction function.
According to an embodiment of the application, the optical element comprises a converging lens or a mirror, the converging lens comprising a convex lens or a fresnel lens. The condensing lens has a reflective film 110.
According to the embodiment of the application, the naked eye display device further comprises an electric object stage 160, at least one pair of optical machines are arranged on the electric object stage 160, and the electric signal of the electric object stage 160 is connected to the human eye tracking module and used for adjusting the positions of the projection images of the at least one pair of optical machines in the three-dimensional space. The motorized stage 160 includes a three-dimensional gantry structure.
The following explains an arrangement principle and an imaging process of the naked eye display device of the embodiment of the present application.
For convenience of explanation, an imaging process of an optical machine will be described first, taking the projector 121 as an example: the focal length of the projector is adjusted so that the emitted image light forms a real image a on the real image plane 14 before passing through the reflective fresnel lens. This real image is at f/2 from the location of the optical element and has a height and width of 5/4D. After the light rays continue to pass through the optical element, the extension lines of the light rays converge on the virtual image plane 15 to generate a virtual image which is 6/5 times of the real image, namely 3/2D, and is away from the reflector by the distance f. The image light rays passing through the lens of the eye 21 converge to produce a real image a, which is seen as a virtual image. The projector 131 will generate another virtual image B to the eye 22 on the same principle.
The two eyes can see different images by utilizing the difference of the positions of the two projectors, and the convergence directions of the image light rays after passing through the optical element are different.
As shown in fig. 3, the principle is: if an optical engine is approximated as a point source, the light emitted by the optical engine will converge on a point (real image point) after passing through the mirror, so that the eyes 21,22 can only receive the light emitted by the projector near this point, so that the eyes 21,22 can only see one of the two virtual images.
As the eyes 21,22 move, the depth camera 150 captures images of the viewer and the computer 170 then identifies the eye 21,22 position using the library associated with the depth camera 150 and the machine learning methods provided by the OpenCV library. And calculating the position of the projector according to the relation between the human eyes and the symmetrical imaging of the projector. For example, the distance l of the human eye from the screen in the axial directioneDistance l from projector to screenpHas 1/f-1/le+1/lpTo solve lpValue of (A)。
The electric loading platform 160 is realized by a three-dimensional door gantry linear module sliding table, comprises four motors and corresponding drivers, the moving distances in three directions in a three-dimensional space are all 30 cm, and the position signals are controlled by the computer 170 through a motion control card.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A naked eye display device, comprising:
at least one pair of photomasks configured to be movable for projecting image light;
the optical element is used for emitting the image light of the at least one pair of light machines into human eyes for imaging;
the human eye tracking module is used for tracking the positions of the eyes of at least one viewer and controlling the movement of the at least one pair of optical machines.
2. The naked eye display device of claim 1, wherein a pair of light engines corresponds to a viewer.
3. The naked eye display device of claim 1, wherein the eye tracking module comprises a camera and a control unit, the camera is disposed on the optical element, and the control unit is configured to control the at least one pair of optical engines to move.
4. The naked eye display device of claim 1, wherein the at least one pair of light engines comprises a short focal length projector.
5. The naked eye display device of claim 4, wherein the short focal length projector has a keystone correction function.
6. An autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical element comprises a converging lens or mirror, the converging lens comprising a convex lens or a fresnel lens.
7. A naked eye display device according to claim 6, wherein the converging lens has a reflective film.
8. The naked eye display device of claim 1, further comprising:
the electric objective table is provided with at least one pair of light machines and is electrically connected with the human eye tracking module and used for adjusting the positions of the projection images of the at least one pair of light machines in the three-dimensional space.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the parameters of the optical element and the at least one pair of opto-mechanical parameters are adjustable according to different viewing metrics.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the viewing metrics comprise viewing distance and viewing angle, the parameters of the optical elements comprise size, focal length, and position of the principal axis, and the at least one pair of opto-mechanical parameters comprise position of the opposing optical elements, focal length, and size of the projected image.
CN202110390509.1A 2021-04-12 2021-04-12 Naked eye display device Pending CN113296347A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050046795A1 (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Autostereoscopic projection viewer
CN102520527A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-27 中山大学 Naked eye stereo display system and method
CN110703560A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-01-17 丁阳 Direct projection type one-screen multi-eye independent display technology
CN110727111A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-24 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 Head-mounted display optical system and head-mounted display equipment
CN111338177A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-06-26 荆门市探梦科技有限公司 Reflective geometric holographic display system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050046795A1 (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Autostereoscopic projection viewer
CN102520527A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-27 中山大学 Naked eye stereo display system and method
CN110727111A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-24 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 Head-mounted display optical system and head-mounted display equipment
CN110703560A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-01-17 丁阳 Direct projection type one-screen multi-eye independent display technology
CN111338177A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-06-26 荆门市探梦科技有限公司 Reflective geometric holographic display system

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