CN113295843B - Monitoring device for mining ground crack of shallow coal seam - Google Patents
Monitoring device for mining ground crack of shallow coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113295843B CN113295843B CN202110380218.4A CN202110380218A CN113295843B CN 113295843 B CN113295843 B CN 113295843B CN 202110380218 A CN202110380218 A CN 202110380218A CN 113295843 B CN113295843 B CN 113295843B
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- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/02—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by gauge glasses or other apparatus involving a window or transparent tube for directly observing the level to be measured or the level of a liquid column in free communication with the main body of the liquid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring device for mining ground cracks of a shallow coal seam, which comprises a placement main frame, a lateral crack surface contact detection component, a main support column and a fixed anchor piece, wherein a plurality of ground crack monitoring devices are embedded in the circumference of the monitoring surface area of the shallow coal seam outside a mining surface area; a plurality of lateral fissure surface contact detection assemblies are arranged on the main supporting column body and positioned below the placing main frame in a circumferential array, the lateral fissure surface contact detection assemblies work independently, and crack detection monitoring is carried out on a contact rock-soil surface within the radian range of the lateral fissure surface contact detection assemblies; the lower end face of the main supporting column is also provided with a fixed anchor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ground crack monitoring equipment, in particular to a monitoring device for a shallow coal seam mining ground crack.
Background
Coal mine areas generally have the characteristics of rich resources, shallow burial, large mining thickness and the like, along with the longer mining period, coal resources of shallow buried coal seams gradually lose, and a large number of land subsidence areas cause natural disasters such as ground surface cracking, mountain landslide and the like, particularly adopt ground crack disasters as a serious geological disaster, and cause irreversible damage to ecological environment; in the process of mining ground cracks, a large amount of data is accumulated after years of research by predecessors, but the data standardization and normalization are deficient, a unified system cannot be formed, and the development pace of ground crack disaster research to digitization and intellectualization is seriously hindered. Moreover, at present, when the deformation monitoring is performed on the ground fracture, a unified, standard and normative monitoring method is not available, and the problems of relatively random monitoring process, poor monitoring effect, labor and time waste and the like inevitably exist during actual monitoring, so that a monitoring device for mining the ground fracture of the shallow coal seam is needed to be provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a monitoring device for mining ground cracks of a shallow coal seam comprises a placement main frame, a lateral crack surface contact detection assembly, a main support column and a fixed anchor, wherein a plurality of ground crack monitoring devices are embedded in the circumference of the monitoring surface area of the shallow coal seam outside a mining surface area, each ground crack monitoring device monitors the ground surface in the monitoring range in real time and transmits data signals to an external monitoring platform;
a plurality of lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies are arranged on the main support column body and located below the placement main frame in a circumferential array mode, the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies work independently, and crack detection monitoring is conducted on the contact rock soil surface within the radian range of the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies;
the lower end face of the main supporting column is also provided with a fixed anchor.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of stabilizing rib pieces are arranged on the circumference of the lower end surface of the placing main frame, and one end of each stabilizing rib piece is inserted into a rock-soil layer;
the expansion supporting bottom piece is arranged on the stabilizing rib piece in a relatively sliding manner, slides downwards along the stabilizing rib piece after the stabilizing rib piece finishes the inserting work and is tightly contacted with the coal rock ground surface;
the middle part of laying the body frame is fixed with the screw thread external member, the tip of main support cylinder is equipped with the screw thread notch and with the screw thread external member screw-thread engagement transmission.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the lateral fracture surface contact detection assembly comprises an upper jacking part, a lower guide part, a transfer support rod, a fixed disc part, a fracture surface contact device and a bearing support, wherein a plurality of upper jacking parts are arranged on a lever arm of a main support cylinder in a circumferential array manner, and each upper jacking part is arranged on the main support cylinder in a limiting and sliding manner;
the lower end face of the upper jacking part is provided with lower guide parts, the lower guide parts and the upper jacking part are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower guide parts are hinged with first transfer support rods;
a bearing support is fixed on the main support column body, a second transmission support rod is hinged on the bearing support through a first connecting spring, and one end of the first transmission support rod is connected with the second transmission support rod for transmission;
the main support column body is provided with fixed disc parts which are vertically and symmetrically arranged, the inner circumference of each fixed disc part is provided with a plurality of placing concave positions, and split surface contact devices are arranged in the placing concave positions and can horizontally limit and slide relatively;
the upper and lower opposite split surface contact devices are connected with the first transmission and connection supporting rod and the second transmission and connection supporting rod through a central telescopic guide piece;
the cross section of the central telescopic guide piece is of a multi-section type telescopic structure;
the fracture surface contact device is used for carrying out external support contact detection on the rock surface of the shallow coal seam;
and a second connecting spring is also connected between each upper jacking part and the lower guide part.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of sealing guide pipes are arranged on the circumference of the placing main frame, the sealing guide pipes vertically penetrate and are fixed on the placing main frame, a pumping and pressing pump piece is arranged on the main supporting column body, and the pumping and pressing pump piece is communicated with the sealing guide pipes through a plurality of branch pipes;
and the inside of the sealing conduit is provided with a connecting plunger which can slide relatively, one end of the connecting plunger extends out of the sealing conduit and is connected and fixed with the upper jacking part, and the pumping pump part respectively pressurizes and supplies flow to the plurality of sealing conduits through the branch flow pipes, so that the connecting plunger jacks and drives the upper jacking part to slide downwards, and the fracture surface contact device is in an elastic pressing expansion state under a general state.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, filling oil is also stored on one side of the sealing conduit far away from the branch pipe, and the sealing conduit is communicated with a transparent observation pipe seat.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the split surface contact device comprises an external fixed end piece, a connecting guide frame, detection probes, a telescopic transmission rod and a linkage guide rod, wherein the connecting guide frame is transversely arranged on one side of the external fixed end piece, and a plurality of groups of detection probes are arranged on the connecting guide frame in a relatively sliding manner;
a plurality of linkage guide rods are arranged in the outer fixing end piece in a relatively sliding manner, a plurality of telescopic transmission rods are hinged to the outer fixing end piece, and one ends of the linkage guide rods are connected with the telescopic transmission rods and are connected and driven by the telescopic transmission rods and the detection probes;
a contact sensing device is installed in the main support column, and the other end of the linkage guide rod is connected with the contact sensing device in a matching manner by adopting a sensing ball piece;
and the contact sensing device transmits the sensed pressure signal to an external monitoring platform in real time.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the detection probe is also sleeved with an auxiliary spring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a monitoring device for a shallow coal seam mining ground crack, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, a plurality of monitoring devices are distributed outside the circumferential range of the mining face area of the shallow coal seam, and each monitoring device can monitor and detect the ground cracks in the mining wave range in real time, so that geological survey technicians can conveniently make corresponding strategies in time; the detection slot position is dug in the ground surface of the monitoring surface area, the main body of the device is stably and locally buried deeply into the ground surface through the stabilizing rib, and crack detection and monitoring are carried out on the rock and soil surface contacted by the main body of the device through a plurality of side crack surface contact detection assemblies respectively, so that the space direction and the diffusion positioning point of the ground crack can be effectively identified; specifically, when the rock soil in the detection range of the detection probe cracks and loosens, the detection probe drives a sensing ball piece at the tail end of the linkage guide rod to abut against a contact sensing device through an elastic force releasing action by virtue of a telescopic transfer rod, and different sensing pressure signals are transmitted to an external monitoring platform through the contact sensing device; meanwhile, synchronous pressure release is carried out in the sealing guide pipe, the connecting plunger discharges filling oil inside the sealing guide pipe into the transparent observation pipe seat, and technicians can know the position and the size of the crack corresponding to the ground crack by observing the oil surface liquid level in the transparent observation pipe seat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the distribution of monitoring devices according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the placement of the frame;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lateral crack surface contact detection assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing catheter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a split-surface contact apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a main support column 1, a placement main frame 2, a 201 stabilizing rib piece, a 202 expanding bottom piece, a 203 thread suite, a 3-side split surface contact detection component, a 301 upper top position piece, a 302 lower guide piece, a 303 transfer connecting support rod I, a 304 bearing support, a 305 connecting spring I, a 306 fixing disc piece, a 4 fixing anchor, a 5-split surface contact device, a 501 outer fixing end piece, a 502 connecting guide frame, a 503 telescopic transmission rod, 504 linkage guide rods, 505 sensing ball pieces, 506 auxiliary springs, 6 center telescopic guide pieces, 7 sealing guide tubes, 701 pumping pump pieces, 702 shunt branch tubes, 703 connecting plungers, 704 transparent observation tube seats, 8 detection probes and 9 contact sensing devices.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a monitoring device for mining ground cracks of a shallow coal seam comprises a placement main frame 2, a lateral crack surface contact detection component 3, a main supporting cylinder 1 and a fixed anchor 4, wherein a plurality of ground crack monitoring devices are embedded in the circumference of the monitoring surface area of the shallow coal seam outside a mining surface area, each ground crack monitoring device monitors the ground surface in the monitoring range in real time and transmits data signals to an external monitoring platform, the placement main frame 2 is horizontally supported and fixed on the ground surface of the shallow coal seam, the main supporting cylinder 1 is vertically and coaxially arranged inside the placement main frame 2, the main supporting cylinder 1 can be arranged in the placement main frame 2 in a penetrating mode in a relative sliding mode, and one end of the main supporting cylinder extends into an underground rock-soil layer;
a plurality of lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies 3 are arranged on the main supporting column body 1 below the placement main frame 2 in a circumferential array mode, the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies 3 work independently, and crack detection monitoring is carried out on a contact rock soil surface within the radian range of the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies 3;
the lower end face of the main supporting column 1 is further provided with a fixed anchor 4, wherein, in general, the main placing frame is firstly positioned and placed, then the main supporting column buries the lateral fissure surface contact detection component into the ground surface, and at the moment, the main supporting column is kept in a vertical deep state by the fixed anchor.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, a plurality of stabilizing ribs 201 are circumferentially arranged on the lower end surface of the placing main frame 2, and one end of each stabilizing rib 201 is inserted into a rock-soil layer;
the expansion supporting bottom piece 202 is arranged on the stabilizing rib piece 201 in a relatively sliding manner, and the expansion supporting bottom piece 202 slides downwards along the stabilizing rib piece 201 after the stabilizing rib piece 201 finishes the insertion work and is in fastening contact with the ground surface of rock and soil so as to improve the placement stability of the device main body;
the middle part of the placing main frame 2 is fixed with a thread external member 203, and the end part of the main supporting column body 1 is provided with a thread notch and is in thread meshing transmission with the thread external member 203.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the side crack surface contact detecting assembly 3 includes an upper propping member 301, a lower guiding member 302, a first transfer support rod 303, a fixed disk member 306, a crack surface contact device 5, and a bearing support 304, wherein a plurality of upper propping members 301 are circumferentially arranged on a lever arm of the main support column 1, and each of the upper propping members 301 is disposed on the main support column 1 in a limited sliding manner;
the lower end surface of the upper jacking part 301 is provided with lower guide parts 302, the lower guide parts 302 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the upper jacking part 301, and the lower guide parts 302 are hinged with first transfer support rods 303;
a bearing support 304 is fixed on the main support column 1, a second transmission support rod is hinged on the bearing support 304 through a first connecting spring 305, and one end of the first transmission support rod 303 is in transmission connection with the second transmission support rod;
the main supporting column body 1 is provided with fixed disc parts 306 in an up-down symmetrical manner, the inner circumference of each fixed disc part 306 is provided with a plurality of placing concave positions, and split surface contact devices 5 are arranged in the placing concave positions and can slide relatively to the horizontal limiting;
the upper and lower opposite split surface contact devices 5 are connected with the first transmission and connection supporting rod 303 and the second transmission and connection supporting rod through a central telescopic guide piece 6;
the cross section of the central telescopic guide piece 6 is of a multi-section telescopic structure;
the fracture surface contact device 5 is used for carrying out external support contact detection on the rock surface of the shallow coal seam;
a second connecting spring is further connected between each upper jacking member 301 and the lower guide member 302, and each surface contact device is elastically expanded and supported by a pair of outer elastic pressing support rods through the downward jacking action of the upper jacking member on the lower guide member; when a ground crack occurs in a rock-soil layer of one fracture surface contact device and local deviation is generated, the first transfer connecting support rod and the second transfer connecting support rod deflect to approach each other, and the first connecting spring and the second connecting spring release pressure simultaneously, so that the corresponding upper jacking piece slides downwards; it should be noted that the elastic force of the first connecting spring and the elastic force of the second connecting spring are consistent, so that the central point between the upper and lower opposite split-surface contact devices is kept horizontal.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a plurality of sealing conduits 7 are circumferentially arranged on the placement main frame 2, the sealing conduits 7 vertically penetrate and are fixed on the placement main frame 2, a pumping and pressurizing pump 701 is installed on the main support column 1, and the pumping and pressurizing pump 701 is communicated with the sealing conduits 7 through a plurality of branch pipes 702;
and, a connecting plunger 703 is slidably arranged in the sealing conduit 7, one end of the connecting plunger 703 extends out of the sealing conduit 7 and is connected and fixed with the upper jacking member 301, and the pumping pump member 701 pressurizes and supplies flow to the plurality of sealing conduits 7 through a branch pipe, so that the connecting plunger 703 jacks and drives the upper jacking member 301 to slide downwards, so that the fracture surface contact device 5 is in a spring-loaded expanded state in a general state.
In this embodiment, a filling oil is further stored in the sealing conduit 7 at a side away from the branch flow pipe 702, and the sealing conduit 7 is externally communicated with a transparent observation pipe seat 704, so that technicians can directly observe the geographical position and the size of a fracture space in field investigation.
Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the fracture surface contact device 5 includes an external fixed end piece 501, a connecting guide frame 502, detection probes 8, a telescopic transmission rod 503, and a linkage guide rod 504, wherein the connecting guide frame 502 is transversely installed on one side of the external fixed end piece 501, and a plurality of groups of detection probes 8 are arranged on the connecting guide frame 502 in a row capable of sliding relatively;
a plurality of linkage guide rods 504 are arranged in the outer fixed end piece 501 in a relatively sliding manner, a plurality of telescopic transmission rods 503 are hinged to the outer fixed end piece 501, and one ends of the linkage guide rods 504 are connected with the telescopic transmission rods 503 and are connected and driven by the telescopic transmission rods 503 and the detection probes 8;
a contact sensing device 9 is installed in the main support column body 1, and the other end of the linkage guide rod 504 is connected with the contact sensing device 9 in a matched manner by a sensing ball 505;
the contact sensing device 9 transmits the sensed pressure signal to an external monitoring platform in real time.
In this embodiment, still cup jointed auxiliary spring 506 on the detecting probe 8, it should be noted that, under initial condition, this auxiliary spring is the local compression state when detecting probe and ground face contact for when the crack appears in the ground face, detecting probe can be the very first time with information to the external conduction, conveniently to the cause and effect data analysis that produces the ground crack.
Specifically, in the shallow coal seam mining ground crack monitoring, a plurality of monitoring devices are circumferentially distributed in a monitoring surface area, and each monitoring device can monitor and detect ground cracks in a mining fluctuation range in real time; the main support body is horizontally supported and fixed on the ground surface through the stabilizing rib, the main support column body is partially inserted into the rock-soil layer, the sealing guide pipes are used for pressurizing and supplying flow to the sealing guide pipes, so that the connecting plunger pushes the upper jacking piece to partially move downwards, at the moment, the connecting spring II provides reverse elastic force to enable the connecting plunger to keep constant, and the first transfer connecting support rod are used for enabling the fracture surface contact device to be in abutting contact with the inner wall of the rock-soil layer through the central telescopic guide piece and are in an elastic expansion supporting state; when a crack occurs in the crack contact device in a certain direction, the crack contact devices at the upper and lower different layers deflect or slide outwards through the central telescopic guide piece, the contact sensing device transmits a sensitive pressure signal transmitted on the detection probe to the external monitoring platform at the first time, and a technician can observe the oil level in the transparent observation pipe seat at the same time.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a monitoring devices for shallow coal seam mining ground crack that buries, it is including laying body frame (2), side crack face contact detection subassembly (3), main supporting pillar body (1) and fixed anchor (4), wherein, a plurality of ground crack monitoring devices are buried underground to the circumference in the shallow coal seam monitoring face of burying outside mining face area, each ground crack monitoring devices carries out real time monitoring to the earth's surface in its place monitoring range to with data signal transmission to outside monitoring platform, its characterized in that: the laying main frame (2) is horizontally supported and fixed on the surface of a shallow coal seam, a main supporting cylinder (1) is vertically and coaxially arranged inside the laying main frame (2), the main supporting cylinder (1) can be arranged in the laying main frame (2) in a penetrating mode in a sliding mode, and one end of the main supporting cylinder extends into an underground rock-soil layer;
a plurality of lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies (3) are arranged on the main supporting column body (1) and located below the main placing frame (2) in a circumferential array mode, the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies (3) work independently, and crack detection monitoring is conducted on the contact rock soil surface within the radian range of the lateral fracture surface contact detection assemblies;
the lower end surface of the main supporting column body (1) is also provided with a fixed anchor (4);
the lateral fracture surface contact detection assembly (3) comprises an upper jacking part (301), a lower guide part (302), a transfer connection support rod I (303), a fixed disc part (306), a fracture surface contact device (5) and a bearing support (304), wherein a plurality of upper jacking parts (301) are arranged on a lever arm of the main support column body (1) in a circumferential array manner, and each upper jacking part (301) is arranged on the main support column body (1) in a limiting and sliding manner;
the lower end face of the upper jacking part (301) is provided with lower guide parts (302), the lower guide parts (302) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the upper jacking part (301), and the lower guide parts (302) are hinged with first transfer support rods (303);
a bearing support (304) is fixed on the main support column body (1), a first connecting support rod (305) is hinged on the bearing support (304) through a first connecting spring (305), and one end of the first connecting support rod (303) is connected with the second connecting support rod for transmission;
the main supporting column body (1) is provided with fixed disc parts (306) in an up-down symmetrical mode, the inner circumference of each fixed disc part (306) is provided with a plurality of placing concave positions, and split surface contact devices (5) are arranged in the placing concave positions in a sliding mode relative to the horizontal limiting mode;
the upper part and the lower part of the fracture surface contact device (5) are connected with the first transmission support rod (303) and the second transmission support rod through a central telescopic guide piece (6);
the cross section of the central telescopic guide piece (6) is of a multi-section telescopic structure;
the fracture surface contact device (5) is used for carrying out external support contact detection on the rock surface of the shallow coal seam;
and a second connecting spring is also connected between each upper jacking piece (301) and the lower guide piece (302).
2. A monitoring device for a shallow coal seam mining earth fracture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of stabilizing rib pieces (201) are arranged on the circumference of the lower end face of the placing main frame (2), and one end of each stabilizing rib piece (201) is inserted into a rock-soil layer;
the stable rib piece (201) is provided with an expanding and supporting bottom piece (202) in a relatively sliding manner, and the expanding and supporting bottom piece (202) slides downwards along the stable rib piece (201) after the stable rib piece (201) finishes the insertion work and is in fastening contact with the coal rock ground surface;
the middle part of laying the body frame (2) is fixed with screw thread external member (203), the tip of main support cylinder (1) is equipped with the screw thread notch and with screw thread external member (203) screw-thread engagement transmission.
3. The monitoring device for the mining earth fracture of the shallow coal seam according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of sealing guide pipes (7) are arranged on the circumference of the placing main frame (2), the sealing guide pipes (7) vertically penetrate and are fixed on the placing main frame (2), a pumping and pressing pump piece (701) is installed on the main supporting column body (1), and the pumping and pressing pump piece (701) is communicated with the sealing guide pipes (7) through a plurality of branch pipes (702);
and a connecting plunger (703) is arranged in the sealing conduit (7) in a relatively sliding manner, one end of the connecting plunger (703) extends out of the sealing conduit (7) and is connected and fixed with the upper jacking member (301), and the pumping pump member (701) respectively pressurizes and supplies flow to the plurality of sealing conduits (7) through a branch pipe, so that the connecting plunger (703) is pressed to drive the upper jacking member (301) to slide downwards, and the fracture surface contact device (5) is in a pressing expansion state under a general state.
4. A monitoring device for shallow coal seam mining ground fractures as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and filling oil is also stored in one side of the sealing guide pipe (7) far away from the shunt branch pipe (702), and the outside of the sealing guide pipe (7) is communicated with a transparent observation pipe seat (704).
5. A monitoring device for shallow coal seam mining ground fractures as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the split surface contact device (5) comprises an outer fixed end piece (501), a connecting guide frame (502), detection probes (8), a telescopic transmission rod (503) and a linkage guide rod (504), wherein the connecting guide frame (502) is transversely installed on one side of the outer fixed end piece (501), and a plurality of groups of detection probes (8) are arranged on the connecting guide frame (502) in a relatively sliding manner;
a plurality of linkage guide rods (504) are arranged in the outer fixing end piece (501) in a relatively sliding manner, a plurality of telescopic transmission rods (503) are hinged to the outer fixing end piece (501), and one ends of the linkage guide rods (504) are connected with the telescopic transmission rods (503) and are connected and driven by the telescopic transmission rods (503) and the detection probes (8);
a contact sensing device (9) is installed in the main supporting column body (1), and the other end of the linkage guide rod (504) is connected with the contact sensing device (9) in a matching mode through a sensing ball piece (505);
the contact sensing device (9) transmits the sensing pressure signal to an external monitoring platform in real time.
6. A monitoring device for shallow coal seam mining ground fractures as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and the detection probe (8) is also sleeved with an auxiliary spring (506).
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| CN113719263B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-03-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Long-distance effective supporting volume fracturing device |
| CN114454985B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-10-17 | 山东省地矿工程集团有限公司 | Goaf earth surface environment data acquisition equipment |
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| 煤柱影响下保护层开采的消突范围划分及效果评价;刘萍等;《煤矿安全》;20140120(第01期);第211-214页 * |
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| CN113295843A (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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