CN113295133A - Method for measuring root system angle of rice in field of soda saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for measuring root system angle of rice in field of soda saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113295133A CN113295133A CN202110532233.6A CN202110532233A CN113295133A CN 113295133 A CN113295133 A CN 113295133A CN 202110532233 A CN202110532233 A CN 202110532233A CN 113295133 A CN113295133 A CN 113295133A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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Abstract
A method for measuring the angle of a rice root system in a soda saline-alkali soil field belongs to the field of plant root system measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the angle of a rice root system. The method aims at the technical problems that the physicochemical property of the soda saline-alkali soil is poor, the soil is heavy, and the method for measuring the root system angle of the rice in the field of the soda saline-alkali soil is lacked. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, sampling a root system; secondly, measuring the length of the root system; thirdly, measuring the stem circumference of the rice plant, and calculating the radius r of the rice plant; and fourthly, calculating the root system angle of the whole rice plant. The method can scientifically and accurately measure the whole root angle of the rice in the soda saline-alkali land field, is simple, convenient and feasible, has low cost and higher practicability and popularization, and provides an effective technical method for deeply researching the phenotypic characteristics of the rice root system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant root system determination, and particularly relates to a rice root system angle determination method.
Background
Saline-alkali stress is one of the main environmental factors which limit crop yield and threaten grain safety, and is also a serious challenge for agricultural sustainable development in China. The Songnen plain is one of the main food production areas in China and one of the three sodium bicarbonate saline-alkali land distribution areas in the world, the total area of the saline-alkali land is 5595 ten thousand mu, and the area of medium-heavy salinized land occupies 67 percent. In order to fully utilize the saline-alkali land resources, improve the ecological environment and guarantee the national food safety, the development of rice planting in soda saline-alkali land becomes an effective way of improving and utilizing the rice. The root system is an important carrier for bearing the physiological and ecological functions of the soil-plant interface, and the root system is the most direct organ for sensing abiotic stress. The rice root system is an important guarantee for survival and yield under the condition of saline-alkali stress, and the angle of the rice root system is closely related to saline-alkali resistance and the yield of rice. However, as the root system grows underground, the acquisition of the root system angle index is difficult, and a unified and effective root system angle measuring method is not available at present. Due to the complexity of the soda saline-alkali environment and the limitation of root system research methods and means, compared with the ground characters, the method for determining the rice root system in the soda saline-alkali soil field by using a scientific and effective method is an important technical problem in the theoretical research of developing rice seeds in the soda saline-alkali soil field aiming at the problem that the rice root system in the special saline-alkali soil type is lack of systematic and deep research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for measuring the angle of a rice root system in a soda saline-alkali land field, aiming at the technical problems that the soil physicochemical property of the soda saline-alkali land is poor, the soil is heavy, and the method for measuring the angle of the rice root system in the soda saline-alkali land field is lacked.
The method for measuring the root system angle of the rice in the soda saline-alkali soil field is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, root system sampling: selecting a position with 4 adjacent holes as a sampling point, inserting a root sampler under a rice plant as a center, taking out the whole root sampler, then pushing out a root soil column from the root sampler, soaking the taken root soil column in water for 3-5 hours due to the sticky weight of soda saline-alkali soil, and removing the soil around the rice root system to obtain a rice root system sample;
secondly, measuring the length of the root system: cutting off the whole rice root system, measuring the length of each root system by using a ruler and recording;
thirdly, measuring the stem circumference of the rice plant: measuring the circumference of the stem of the rice plant, and calculating according to a circumference formula to obtain the radius r of the rice plant;
fourthly, calculating the root system angle of the whole rice plant: and (3) discarding the root system smaller than the radius of the rice plant, and calculating the formula according to the root system angle through root system length data:
cos θ ═ a/L equation 1
Calculating the angle of each root system, wherein a in formula 1 represents the distance between the axis of the rice plant and the cross point of the soil surface and the inner wall of the sampler, L represents the sum of the length L of the root of the rice plant in the sampler and the radius r of the rice plant, the calculated root system angle is divided into 8 types according to the root system angle of 0-10 degrees, the root system angle of 10-20 degrees, the root system angle of 20-30 degrees, the root system angle of 30-40 degrees, the root system angle of 40-50 degrees, the root system angle of 50-60 degrees, the root system angle of 60-70 degrees and the root system angle of 70-80 degrees, and the recorded root system angles are n and n1、n2、n3、n4、n5、n6、n7、n8And according to the calculation formula of the average root system angle of the rice plants:
average root system angle of rice plant [ < n >1×5+n2×15+n3×25+n4×35+n5×45+n6×55+n7×65+n8×75]Total root angle quantity formula 2
And calculating the angle of the root system of the whole plant.
And in the first step, the insertion depth of the root sampler is 20 cm.
And in the step one, the taken root soil column is soaked in water for 4 hours.
In the first step, the diameter of the root system sampler is 15 cm.
The method can scientifically and accurately measure the whole root angle of the rice in the soda saline-alkali land field, is simple, convenient and feasible, has low cost and higher practicability and popularization, and provides an effective technical method for deeply researching the phenotypic characteristics of the rice root system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a rice root system soil column in the first experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the determination of the rice root angle in the first experiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for measuring the root system angle of the rice in the field of soda saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, root system sampling: selecting a position with 4 adjacent holes as a sampling point, inserting a root sampler under a rice plant as a center, taking out the whole root sampler, then pushing out a root soil column from the root sampler, soaking the taken root soil column in water for 3-5 hours due to the sticky weight of soda saline-alkali soil, and removing the soil around the rice root system to obtain a rice root system sample;
secondly, measuring the length of the root system: cutting off the whole rice root system, measuring the length of each root system by using a ruler and recording;
thirdly, measuring the stem circumference of the rice plant: measuring the circumference of the stem of the rice plant, and calculating according to a circumference formula to obtain the radius r of the rice plant;
fourthly, calculating the root system angle of the whole rice plant: and (3) discarding the root system smaller than the radius of the rice plant, and calculating the formula according to the root system angle through root system length data:
cos θ ═ a/L equation 1
Calculating the angle of each root system, wherein a in formula 1 represents the distance between the axis of the rice plant and the cross point of the soil surface and the inner wall of the sampler, L represents the sum of the length L of the root of the rice plant in the sampler and the radius r of the rice plant, the calculated root system angle is divided into 8 classes according to the root system angle of 0-10 degrees, the root system angle of 10-20 degrees, the root system angle of 20-30 degrees, the root system angle of 30-40 degrees, the root system angle of 40-50 degrees, the root system angle of 50-60 degrees, the root system angle of 60-70 degrees and the root system angle of 70-80 degrees, and the recorded classes areRecording the number of angles of various root systems as n1、n2、n3、n4、n5、n6、n7、n8And according to the calculation formula of the average root system angle of the rice plants:
average root system angle of rice plant [ < n >1×5+n2×15+n3×25+n4×35+n5×45+n6×55+n7×65+n8×75]Total root angle quantity formula 2
And calculating the angle of the root system of the whole plant.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the insertion depth of the root sampler in the first step is 20 cm. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the root soil column taken out in the first step is soaked in water for 4 hours. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that the root sampler in step one has a diameter of 15 cm. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The following experiments are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
experiment one:
firstly, root system sampling: selecting a position with 4 adjacent holes as a sampling point in a paddy field of soda saline-alkali soil, taking a rice plant as a center, inserting a root sampler (with the diameter of 15cm) under the plant to the depth of 20cm, and taking out the whole root sampler. And then slightly pushing the root soil column out of the root sampler (as shown in figure 1), and slightly kneading the soil around the rice root after soaking the taken root soil column in water for 3 hours due to the sticky weight of the soda saline-alkali soil to obtain a rice root sample.
Secondly, measuring the length of the root system: after the entire rice root system is cut off, the length of each root system is measured by a ruler and recorded.
The length of a single root system of the rice is as follows:
the length of the 1 st single root system is 5.6cm
The length of the 2 nd single root system is 6.0cm
The length of the 3 rd single root system is 6.5cm
The length of the 4 th root system is 7.6cm
The length of the 5 th root system is 9.7cm
The length of the 6 th root system is 14.8cm
The length of the 7 th root system is 24.2cm
The length of the 8 th root system is 8.1cm
The length of the 9 th root system is 10.2cm
The length of the 10 th root system is 7.4cm
Thirdly, measuring the stem circumference of the rice plant: the circumference of the stem of the rice plant is measured to be 13.94cm, and the radius of the rice plant is calculated to be 2.22cm according to the circumference formula (the root system smaller than the radius of the rice plant is removed).
Calculating the root system angle of each root: and calculating each root angle Cos theta to be 7.5/L according to the root angle formula through the root length data (figure 2).
The root system angle calculation formula of each root is as follows:
the root system angle theta of the 1 st root system is 16.45 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+5.6) is 0.96
The root system angle theta of the 2 nd root system is 24.16 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+6.0) is 0.96
If the 3 rd root system Cos θ is 7.5/(2.22+6.5) is 0.86, the root system angle θ is 30.70 ° using the formula of arccosine
The root system angle theta of the 4 th root system is 40.20 degrees by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system theta is 7.5/(2.22+7.6) is 0.76
The root system Cos theta of the 5 th root system is 7.5/(2.22+9.7) is 0.63, and the root system angle theta is 51.01 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine
The root system angle theta of the 6 th root system is 63.85 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+14.8) is 0.44
The root system angle theta of the 7 th root system is 73.51 degrees by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+24.2) is 0.28
The root system angle theta of the 8 th root system is 43.39 degrees by using the formula of inverse cosine when the root system theta is 7.5/(2.22+8.1) is 0.73
The 9 th root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+10.2) is 0.73, and the root system angle theta is 52.85 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine
The 9 th root system Cos theta is 7.5/(2.22+7.4) is 0.78, and the root system angle theta is 38.77 DEG by using the formula of inverse cosine
In sum, the number of the root system angles of 0 degree or more and less than 10 degrees is 0, the number of the root system angles of 10 degrees or more and less than 20 degrees is 1, the number of the root system angles of 20 degrees or more and less than 30 degrees is 1, the number of the root system angles of 30 degrees or more and less than 40 degrees is 2, the number of the root system angles of 40 degrees or more and less than 50 degrees is 2, the number of the root system angles of 50 degrees or more and less than 60 degrees is 2, the number of the root system angles of 60 degrees or more and less than 70 degrees is 1, and the number of the root system angles of 70 degrees or more and less than 80 degrees is 1.
The average root angle of rice plant is [0 × 5+1 × 15+1 × 25+2 × 35+2 × 45+2 × 55+1 × 65+1 × 75]/10 is 45.50 °
Namely, the root system of the rice of the original strain has an average angle of 45.50 degrees.
Claims (4)
1. The method for measuring the angle of the rice root system in the field of soda saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, root system sampling: selecting a position with 4 adjacent holes as a sampling point, inserting a root sampler under a rice plant by taking the rice plant as a center, taking out the whole root sampler, then pushing out a root earth column from the root sampler, soaking the taken root earth column in water for 3-5 hours, and removing soil around the rice root system to obtain a rice root system sample;
secondly, measuring the length of the root system: cutting off the whole rice root system, measuring the length of each root system by using a ruler and recording;
thirdly, measuring the stem circumference of the rice plant: measuring the circumference of the stem of the rice plant, and calculating according to a circumference formula to obtain the radius r of the rice plant;
fourthly, calculating the root system angle of the whole rice plant: and (3) discarding the root system smaller than the radius of the rice plant, and calculating the formula according to the root system angle through root system length data:
cos θ ═ a/L equation 1
Calculating the angle of each root system, wherein a in formula 1 represents that the axis of the rice plant is crossed with the soil surfaceThe distance from the point to the inner wall of the sampler, L represents the sum of the length L of the rice plant root in the sampler and the radius r of the rice plant, the calculated root system angle is divided into 8 types according to the root system angle of 0-10 degrees, the root system angle of 10-20 degrees, the root system angle of 20-30 degrees, the root system angle of 30-40 degrees, the root system angle of 40-50 degrees, the root system angle of 50-60 degrees, the root system angle of 60-70 degrees and the root system angle of 70-80 degrees, and the number of the root system angles is n1、n2、n3、n4、n5、n6、n7、n8And according to the calculation formula of the average root system angle of the rice plants:
average root system angle of rice plant [ < n >1×5+n2×15+n3×25+n4×35+n5×45+n6×55+n7×65+n8×75]Total root angle quantity formula 2
And calculating the angle of the root system of the whole plant.
2. The method for measuring the angle of the rice root system in the soda saline-alkali soil field according to claim 1, wherein the insertion depth of the root system sampler in the first step is 20 cm.
3. The method for measuring the rice root system angle in the soda saline-alkali soil field according to claim 1, wherein the removed soil column for the root system is soaked in water for 4 hours in the first step.
4. The method for measuring the angle of the rice root system in the soda saline-alkali soil field according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the root system sampler in the step one is 15 cm.
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