CN113294145A - Underground pressure and temperature mapping method - Google Patents
Underground pressure and temperature mapping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113294145A CN113294145A CN202110793919.0A CN202110793919A CN113294145A CN 113294145 A CN113294145 A CN 113294145A CN 202110793919 A CN202110793919 A CN 202110793919A CN 113294145 A CN113294145 A CN 113294145A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/008—Monitoring of down-hole pump systems, e.g. for the detection of "pumped-off" conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/20—Computer models or simulations, e.g. for reservoirs under production, drill bits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for surveying and mapping underground pressure and temperature, which comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring the acceleration of the plunger, drawing an acceleration change curve according to the acquired acceleration, and determining the time t for the plunger to pass through adjacent couplings; s2: determining the time t when the plunger reaches the coupling according to the acceleration change curve1According to t1And t determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2And according to t1And t2Determining a time interval, and forming a plurality of time intervals by analogy; s3: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data, determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time of the temperature and pressure data, constructing a matching relation of pressure, temperature, acceleration and well depth, and drawing an underground pressure and temperature profile; by the surveying and mapping method, the motion position of the plunger can be obtained in real time, and the underground temperature can be obtained in real timeAnd pressure data provide basis for production optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production control of oil and gas wells, in particular to a method for surveying and mapping underground pressure and temperature.
Background
The plunger lifting process is a common technology for drainage and gas production of the natural gas well at present and ensuring continuous production, and the underground working condition is mastered in real time, so that the plunger lifting process has important significance for optimizing the plunger lifting process and improving the production efficiency of the gas well.
In recent years, plunger devices and systems capable of online measurement gradually appear, compared with the traditional rope-type working condition measuring method, the device has the characteristics of no shut-in of the well and high efficiency, but the devices and the systems can only measure underground parameter changes, cannot grasp the movement position of the plunger and the position of underground accumulated liquid, and are difficult to grasp the condition of the whole shaft. For example, patent No. CN202152676U discloses a plunger device and a plunger liquid-discharging gas production system for online measurement of gas wells, which are reciprocated at the wellhead and the downhole by the plunger device, and transmit downhole measurement data to a surface console via wireless data transmission. The method can meet the requirement of gas lift operation on-line measurement, but can only grasp the parameter changes of underground pressure, temperature and the like in the gas lift process, and cannot judge the motion position of the plunger. Especially when the plunger is not dropped in place, the measured parameters cannot be used as the basis for determining the downhole working conditions.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the related problems in the prior art, the invention provides a downhole pressure and temperature mapping method, which can realize the real-time acquisition of the motion position of a plunger, the real-time acquisition of downhole temperature and pressure data and the provision of a basis for production optimization.
A downhole pressure and temperature mapping method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring the acceleration of the plunger, drawing an acceleration change curve according to the acquired acceleration, and determining the time t for the plunger to pass through adjacent couplings;
s2: determining the time t when the plunger reaches the coupling according to the acceleration change curve1According to t1And t determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2And according to t1And t2Determining a time interval, and forming a plurality of time intervals by analogy;
s3: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data, determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time of the temperature and pressure data, constructing a matching relation of pressure, temperature, acceleration and well depth, and drawing an underground pressure and temperature profile.
In prior art, because the degree of depth of natural gas well is very dark, single pipeline can't satisfy the degree of depth needs, need constitute gas well oil pipe through a plurality of pipe connection's mode, connect through the coupling at the hookup location of adjacent pipeline, thereby form the oil pipe that length satisfies the demand, because adjacent pipeline passes through the coupling, must be when hookup location, oil pipe's internal diameter can change, based on this, this scheme provides a survey and drawing method of pressure temperature survey and drawing method in the pit, through the interrelation that builds acceleration, temperature, pressure, time, can master the pressure temperature condition in the pit in real time, thereby provide the basis for production optimization. According to the scheme, the acceleration change of the plunger is measured, the specific position of the plunger in the underground is determined through the acceleration change, and the relation curve of the underground depth and the temperature or the pressure is formed through the temperature and the pressure data collected at the corresponding moment, so that the underground temperature and pressure data are obtained in real time, and a basis is provided for production optimization.
Furthermore, the acquisition interval of the acceleration of the plunger is 0.005 s-0.1 s, and the acquisition interval of the downhole temperature and pressure is 1 s-5 s.
Further, the step S1 of drawing an acceleration change curve according to the collected acceleration further includes determining whether the plunger is in an upward direction or a downward direction according to a pressure change of the pressure sensor, so as to determine the direction of the acceleration.
Further, the step S1 of determining the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent coupling includes the following steps:
s11: determining a frequent change interval according to the acceleration change curve;
s12: and determining the interval time between two adjacent change intervals as the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent collars.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21: determining an acceleration screening value according to the acceleration change curve;
s22: according to the screening value of the acceleration, the moment when the absolute value of the acceleration is larger than the screening value of the acceleration is defined as the moment t when the plunger reaches the coupling1；
S23: determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2Wherein, t2＝t1+t。
S24: repeating S22-S23, and determining the time interval for multiple plungers to pass through the collar.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data corresponding to different moments T in the plunger descending process;
s32: confirming the underground depth, namely determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time according to the acquisition time of the corresponding temperature and pressure data in S31;
s33: according to the specific time interval, whether T falls into the nth time interval (T) is judgedn，tn+1)；
S34: if not, re-selecting points; if the well depth H falls into the corresponding well depth H, determining that the corresponding well depth H meets the following conditions: h ═ n × L, where L is the length of the tubing;
s35: and drawing a downhole pressure and temperature profile according to the pressure, the temperature and the well depth obtained in the step S34.
Further, the method also comprises a calculation step of the height of the underground effusion, wherein the calculation step of the height of the underground effusion specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the total number N of time intervals for single rising or falling of the plunger piston according to the acceleration change curve;
determining the maximum value A of the absolute value of the acceleration according to the acceleration change curvemaxAnd corresponding time Tmax；
Judging the corresponding time TmaxCorresponding time interval NTmax；
Height of accumulated liquid h ═ N (N-N)Tmax) L, wherein L is the length of the oil pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the underground pressure and temperature mapping method, through method improvement, the interrelation of acceleration, temperature, pressure and time is constructed, the underground pressure and temperature condition can be mastered in real time, and therefore a basis is provided for production optimization;
2. according to the underground pressure and temperature surveying and mapping method, the specific acquisition frequency is limited, so that the underground position of the plunger can be effectively monitored in real time, and the accuracy of data acquisition is ensured;
3. the underground pressure and temperature surveying and mapping method provided by the invention is beneficial to operation optimization of plunger drainage gas production and improvement of gas well production efficiency by measuring the height of accumulated liquid in a shaft and calculating.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a mapping method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a step S1 in the mapping method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a specific flowchart of step S2 in the mapping method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a specific flowchart of step S3 in the mapping method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the calculation of the downhole effusion height in the mapping method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of acceleration formed in a mapping method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of temperature and pressure curves generated by a mapping method according to an embodiment of the present invention; .
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole pressure and temperature mapping method, including the following steps:
s1: acquiring the acceleration of the plunger, drawing an acceleration change curve according to the acquired acceleration, and determining the time t for the plunger to pass through adjacent couplings;
s2: determining the time t when the plunger reaches the coupling according to the acceleration change curve1According to t1And t determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2And according to t1And t2Determining a time interval, and forming a plurality of time intervals by analogy;
s3: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data, determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time of the temperature and pressure data, constructing a matching relation of pressure, temperature, acceleration and well depth, and drawing an underground pressure and temperature profile.
In the prior art, because the degree of depth of natural gas well is very deep, single pipeline can't satisfy the degree of depth needs, need constitute gas well oil pipe through a plurality of pipe connection's mode, connect through the coupling at the hookup location of adjacent pipeline, thereby form the oil pipe that length satisfied demand, because adjacent pipeline passes through the coupling, must be when hookup location, the internal diameter of oil pipe can change, therefore, this embodiment provides the mapping method of pressure temperature mapping method in the pit, through the interrelation of component acceleration, temperature, pressure, time, can master the pressure temperature condition in the pit in real time, thereby provide the basis for production optimization. According to the scheme, the acceleration change of the plunger is measured, the specific position of the plunger in the underground is determined through the acceleration change, and the relation curve of the underground depth and the temperature or the pressure is formed through the temperature and the pressure data collected at the corresponding moment, so that the underground temperature and pressure data are obtained in real time, and a basis is provided for production optimization.
Specifically, the acquisition interval of the acceleration of the plunger is 0.005 s-0.1 s, the acquisition interval of the underground temperature and pressure is 1 s-5 s, and the acquisition time interval of the acceleration of the plunger is set to be small enough, so that the specific position of the plunger passing through a coupling can be effectively monitored, and the condition of leakage monitoring in the acquisition interval process is avoided.
In some embodiments, the step S1 of plotting the acceleration variation curve according to the collected acceleration further includes determining whether the plunger is in an upward direction or a downward direction according to the pressure variation of the pressure sensor, so as to determine the direction of the acceleration.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the step S1 of determining the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent coupling includes the following steps:
s11: determining a frequent change interval according to the acceleration change curve;
s12: and determining the interval time between two adjacent change intervals as the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent collars.
In this embodiment, since the inner diameter of the tubing at the location of the tubing coupling changes, the inner wall of the tubing directly generates a reaction force to the plunger to hinder the movement, so as to change the acceleration of the plunger, and form an acceleration change curve similar to vibration, between the two acceleration change curves similar to vibration, that is, the plunger moves in a single section of tubing.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21: determining an acceleration screening value according to the acceleration change curve;
s22: according to the screening value of the acceleration, the moment when the absolute value of the acceleration is larger than the screening value of the acceleration is defined as the moment t when the plunger reaches the coupling1；
S23: determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2Wherein, t2＝t1+t。
S24: repeating S22-S23, and determining the time interval for multiple plungers to pass through the collar.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data corresponding to different moments T in the plunger descending process;
s32: confirming the underground depth, namely determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time according to the acquisition time of the corresponding temperature and pressure data in S31;
s33: according to the specific time interval, whether T falls into the nth time interval (T) is judgedn，tn+1)；
S34: if not, re-selecting points; if the well depth H falls into the corresponding well depth H, determining that the corresponding well depth H meets the following conditions: h ═ n × L, where L is the length of the tubing;
s35: and drawing a downhole pressure and temperature profile according to the pressure, the temperature and the well depth obtained in the step S34.
In this embodiment, since the acceleration acquisition interval is different from the temperature/pressure acquisition interval, the acceleration acquisition interval is converted into an underground depth relationship by a specific method, and the temperature/pressure at the corresponding time is corresponding to the acceleration acquisition interval, so as to construct a correlation among acceleration, temperature, pressure and time, and thus, the underground pressure and temperature condition can be grasped in real time.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the method further includes a downhole effusion height calculating step, where the downhole effusion height calculating step specifically includes the following steps:
a. determining the total number N of time intervals for single rising or falling of the plunger piston according to the acceleration change curve;
b. determining the maximum value A of the absolute value of the acceleration according to the acceleration change curvemaxHas already corresponded to time Tmax；
c. Judging the corresponding time TmaxCorresponding time interval NTmax；
d. Height of accumulated liquid h ═ N (N-N)Tmax) L, wherein L is the length of the oil pipe.
Through the specific calculation step of increasing the height of the underground effusion, the height of the underground effusion can be timely obtained, and the operation optimization of plunger drainage gas production and the production efficiency of a gas well are facilitated.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the acceleration collection interval is set to 0.1s, an acceleration change curve is drawn according to the collected acceleration, wherein each box represents the time of the acceleration of the plunger passing through the corresponding coupling, two adjacent boxes are the time intervals t of the plunger passing through the adjacent plungers, and the acceleration screening value is determined to be 1.2m/s through a specific diagram2Determining the time t when the acceleration amplitude is greater than 1.2 in the first square frame close to the well head1And by calculating the first time interval as (t)1，t1+ t), by converting the acceleration into depth, time and plunger position curves can be obtained; measuring the shaft according to the temperature and pressure sensors, for example, measuring once at a time interval of 1s, and obtaining the change curve of the temperature and pressure of the shaft along with the time; finally, the time is taken as an intermediate variable, the depth, the temperature and the pressure of the well bore at a specific time can be obtained, and if the time is taken as a continuous variable, a temperature and pressure curve corresponding to the depth shown in fig. 7 can be drawn.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A downhole pressure and temperature mapping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring the acceleration of the plunger, drawing an acceleration change curve according to the acquired acceleration, and determining the time t for the plunger to pass through adjacent couplings;
s2: determining the time t when the plunger reaches the coupling according to the acceleration change curve1According to t1And t determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2And according to t1And t2Determining a time interval, and forming a plurality of time intervals by analogy;
s3: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data, determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time of the temperature and pressure data, constructing a matching relation of pressure, temperature, acceleration and well depth, and drawing an underground pressure and temperature profile.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceleration of the plunger is collected at an interval of 0.005s to 0.1s, and the temperature and pressure are collected at an interval of 1s to 5 s.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 of plotting acceleration change curve according to the collected acceleration further comprises determining whether the plunger is in an upward direction or a downward direction according to the pressure change of the pressure sensor, so as to determine the direction of the acceleration.
4. A downhole pressure and temperature mapping method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 of determining the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent coupling comprises the following steps:
s11: determining a frequent change interval according to the acceleration change curve;
s12: and determining the interval time between two adjacent change intervals as the time t between the plunger passing through the adjacent collars.
5. A downhole pressure and temperature mapping method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21: determining an acceleration screening value according to the acceleration change curve;
s22: according to the screening value of the acceleration, the moment when the absolute value of the acceleration is larger than the screening value of the acceleration is defined as the moment t when the plunger reaches the coupling1；
S23: determining the moment t when the plunger leaves the coupling2Wherein, t2＝t1+t；
S24: repeating S22-S23, and determining the time interval for multiple plungers to pass through the collar.
6. A downhole pressure and temperature mapping method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31: acquiring underground temperature and pressure data corresponding to different moments T in the plunger descending process;
s32: confirming the underground depth, namely determining a time interval corresponding to the acquisition time according to the acquisition time of the corresponding temperature and pressure data in S31;
s33: according to the specific time interval, whether T falls into the nth time interval (T) is judgedn，tn+1)；
S34: if not, re-selecting points; if the well depth H falls into the corresponding well depth H, determining that the corresponding well depth H meets the following conditions: h ═ n × L, where L is the length of the tubing;
s35: and drawing a downhole pressure and temperature profile according to the pressure, the temperature and the well depth obtained in the step S34.
7. The method for mapping the pressure and the temperature in the well according to claim 1, further comprising a calculation step of the height of the liquid accumulation in the well, wherein the calculation step of the height of the liquid accumulation in the well specifically comprises the following steps:
a. determining the total number N of time intervals for single rising or falling of the plunger piston according to the acceleration change curve;
b. determining the maximum value A of the absolute value of the acceleration according to the acceleration change curvemaxAnd corresponding time Tmax；
c. Judging the corresponding time TmaxCorresponding time interval NTmax；
d. Height of accumulated liquid h ═ N (N-N)Tmax) L, wherein L is the length of the oil pipe.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117027767A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-11-10 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | Liquid level on-line monitoring method and plunger for monitoring |
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